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NUTRITION AND MORTALITY
SURVEY REPORT
BORNO STATE, NIGERIA
FINAL REPORT
August 2018
Conducted by Save the
Children International
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TABLE OF CONTENT
LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................................. v
LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................................. vii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS ................................................................................... viii
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................ ix
CHAPTER 1: BACKGROUND ...................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Introduction: ............................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Survey Objectives ..................................................................................................................... 3
1.3 Survey Areas ............................................................................................................................. 3
1.4 Survey Timing ............................................................................................................................ 3
CHAPTER 2: METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................... 4
2.1 Survey Design ............................................................................................................................ 4
2.2 Sample Size Estimation .............................................................................................................. 4
2.3 Sampling Procedure: ................................................................................................................. 4
2.3.1 Selection of Clusters ...................................................................................................... 4
2.3.2 Selection of Households and Children .......................................................................... 4
2.4 Questionnaire and Training ...................................................................................................... 5
2.4.1 Questionnaire ................................................................................................................ 5
2.4.2 Data Collection Team and Training ............................................................................... 5
2.5 Data Collection, Supervision, Data Quality and Analysis ......................................................... 5
2.6 Survey Limitations ..................................................................................................................... 6
CHAPTER 3: SURVEY RESULTS .................................................................................................... 7
3.1 Response Rate and Data Quality .............................................................................................. 7
3.1.1 Response Rate ................................................................................................................ 7
3.1.2 Data Quality ................................................................................................................... 7
3.2 Demographic and Household Characteristics .......................................................................... 8
3.3 Anthropometric Results ........................................................................................................... 9
3.3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................... 9
3.3.2 Sex and Age Distribution ............................................................................................... 9
3.3.3 Prevalence of Acute Malnutrition .................................................................................. 9
3.3.4 Prevalence of Underweight .......................................................................................... 11
3.3.5 Prevalence of Stunting .................................................................................................. 12
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3.4 Mortality Results ..................................................................................................................... 13
3.5 Children Morbidity.................................................................................................................. 14
3.6 Measles Immunization and Vitamin A Supplementation ......................................................... 15
3.7 Infant and Young Children Feeding ........................................................................................ 15
3.7.1 Early Initiation of Breastfeeding ................................................................................... 15
3.7.2 Exclusive Breastfeeding Rate ........................................................................................ 16
3.7.3 Minimum Dietary Diversity .......................................................................................... 17
3.7.4 Minimum Meal Frequency ............................................................................................ 17
3.7.5 Minimum Acceptable Diet ........................................................................................... 18
3.8 Maternal Nutrition .................................................................................................................. 18
3.8.1 Maternal Characteristics .............................................................................................. 18
3.8.2 Physiological Status ...................................................................................................... 19
3.8.3 Maternal Nutritional Status based on MUAC ............................................................. 19
3.9 Food Security .......................................................................................................................... 20
3.9.1 Main Source of Food .................................................................................................... 20
3.9.2 Household Dietary Diversity Score............................................................................. 21
3.9.3 Food Consumption Score ............................................................................................ 22
3.9.4 Food Consumption Score - Nutrition ......................................................................... 23
3.10 Water and Sanitation ............................................................................................................ 23
3.10.1 Source of Drinking Water ......................................................................................... 24
3.10.2 Water Treatment ....................................................................................................... 24
3.10.3 Hand Washing ............................................................................................................ 25
3.10.4 Sanitation Facilities ..................................................................................................... 25
4.1 Discussion ............................................................................................................................... 26
4.1.1 Nutrition Situation among Children Aged 6-59 Months ............................................. 26
4.1.2 Morbidity among Children Aged 6-59 Months ............................................................ 27
4.1.3 Maternal Nutritional Status.......................................................................................... 28
4.1.4 Mortality ....................................................................................................................... 29
4.1.5 Measles Immunization and Vitamin A Supplementation .............................................. 29
4.1.6 Infant and Young Children Feeding Practices. ............................................................. 29
4.1.7 Water, Sanitation and Hygiene .................................................................................... 30
4.2 Conclusions ............................................................................................................................. 31
4.2.1 Nutritional Status of Under-Five and Mortality Rates ................................................. 31
4.2.2 Morbidity ...................................................................................................................... 31
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4.2.3 Measles Immunization and Vitamin A Supplementation .............................................. 31
4.2.4 Maternal Nutrition ....................................................................................................... 31
4.2.5 Food Security ............................................................................................................... 31
4.2.6 Infant,
