¯nsâ - Malankara Orthodoxmalankaraorthodox.tv/.../2017/08/malankara_church-unity_mar_severios.pdfFor more copies, please contact: The Public Relation Officer Malankara Orthodox Syrian

For more copies, please contact: The Public Relation Officer

Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church Catholicate Aramana, Devalokam. P.O, Kottayam, 686004

PH: 0481 - 2578499, 2578500, E-mail : [email protected]: www.mosc.in, www.catholicatenews.in

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PRIVATE CIRCULATION ONLY

ae-¦c HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdnbm\n k`

tUm. amX-yqkv amÀ tkth-dn-tbmkv saXm-t¸m-eo¯m

ae-¦ckbn


2017 3

]uckvXy ImtXm-en-¡mbpwae-¦c saXm-t¸m-eo-¯m-bp-amb ]cn-ip² _tk-en-tbmkv

amÀt¯m½m ]utemkv ZznXo-b³ ImtXm-en¡m _mh

4

]nb-sc,

ae¦ck`m XÀ¡w kw_-Ôn v 2017 Pqsse 3 \v C -y bpsS ]c-tam-¶X \oXn]oTw Ań-a-hn-[n¯oÀ v Iev]n- ¨n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. k -bpsS kzbw ioÀj-I-Xzw, AJ-WvU-X, tZiob kz- mhw F¸n-kvt¡m- Â-þ-P-\m-[n-]-Xy aqe-y-§Ä CsXÃmw DÄs¡m-f-fn- n-cn-¡p¶ 1934 se `c-W-L-S-\bv¡v hnt[-b-ambn amXsa ae-¦c k` `cn-¡-s -Sp-hm³ ]mSp-f-fq- F¶pw kam-ć LS-\-Ifpw `c-Whpw A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-Ã- F¶pw Cu hn[n-bn-eqsS _lpam\-s¸« kp]owtImSXn BhÀ¯n v hy-à-am-¡n-bn-cn-¡p¶p.

k -bpsS kp]-[m\ \mgn-I-I-Ãmb Cu hn[nsb kw_-Ôn v k`m a¡-fmb \mw Ghcpw ]Tn-¡p-Ibpw hni-I-e\w \S- p-Ibpw sNt¿-ïXv AX-ym-h-i-y-amWv. tImSXn h-y-h-lm-c-§Ä¡v thïn Gsd A²-zm-\n-¡p-Ibpw ap¶nÂ \n¶v ]hÀ¯n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX A`n-h-µy amX-yqkv amÀ tkth-dn-tbmkv saXm-t¸m-eo¯m kp]ow-tIm-SXn hn[nbpw AXnsâ hni-I-e-\-§fpw DÄs¡m-f-fn v ]cn-ip² k`bv¡v thïn Hcp eLpKÙw X¿m-dm-¡p¶p F¶-dn-bp-¶-XnÂ \mw Gsd kt´m-jn-¡p-¶p. Cu KÙw k`ma¡sf k -tbm-Sp-ff àn-bnepw kvt\l- nepw \ne-\nÀ¯p-hm³ klm-bn-¡-s«.

_tÊ-en-tbmkv amÀt¯m½m ]utemkv ZznXo-b³

I¿Øm-hn¬ \ΩpsS F√m ]≈n-I-fnsebpw hnIm-cn-am-cpw kl-]´°mcpw tZi-Øp-]-´-°m-cpw ]≈n-ssI-ÿm-\n-I-fpw tijw hnizm-kn-Ifpw IqSn-I-s≠-∂m¬ \nßƒ°v hmgvhv!

I¿Øm-hn¬ ]nbtc,BtKm-f-h-XvI-c-W-Ønt‚bpw D]-t`m-K-kw-kvIm-c-Øn-s‚bpw ê-ambn \ΩpsS kmaqly Pohn-X-ØnepwIpSpw-_-hy-h-ÿn-Xn-bnepw AXn-Zp-X-amb am‰-ßƒ kw -hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-W-t√m. Im¬ \q‰m-≠nte-sdbmbn \mw AWp-Ip-Spw_ hyh-ÿn-Xn-bn-te°v Nph-Sp-am-dn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ Cu Xe-ap-d-bn¬ a°-fpsSFÆw hfsc Ipd-™n-cn-°p-∂p. sshZy-imkvX ]ptcm-K-Xnbpw Pohn-X-\n-e-hm-c-Ønse A`n-hr-≤nbpw aqewBbp¿ssZ¿Lyw h¿≤n-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ hr≤-P-\-kw-Jy-bn¬ h≥ h¿≤-\-bp≠mIp-∂p. Ht∂m ct≠m a°ƒD≈ IpSpw-_-ß-fn¬ Xs∂ Ah¿ tPmen tXSn a‰v tZi-ß-fn-te°v t]mIp-∂-Xn-\m¬ kz¥w amXm-]n-Xm-°-tfm-sSmØv IpSpw-_-Øn¬ Xma-kn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. hm¿≤-Iy-Øn-se-Øp∂ amXm-]n-Xm-°sf klm-bn-°mt\m kwc-£n-°mt\m Bcp-an-√-mØ Hcp Zp:ÿnXn kwPm-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. H‰-s∏- p-t]m-Ip∂ hr≤¿]ecpw Nqj-W-Øn\pw ]oU-\-ßƒ°pw Cc-I-fm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. kmº-ØnI ÿnXn Z-am-b-h¿t]mepw hr≤-am-Xm-]n-Xm-°sf sXcp-hn¬ Dt]-£n-°p∂ hm¿Ø-Iƒ \mw tI´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

CØcw Hcp ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ hr≤-scbpw tcmK-°n-S-°-bn-em-bn-cn-°p-∂-h-scbpw ]cn-N-cn-°p-hm\pw klm-bn-°p-hm-\p-ap≈ [m¿ΩnI DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw k` Gs‰-Sp-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ‘hr≤P\ kwc-£-Whpw km¥z\ipiq-jbpw’ e£y-an- p-sIm≠v kvt\l-Ø-W-en¬ Cu kmbm”w F∂ io¿j-I-Øn¬ 2012 HIvtSm-_¿,\hw-_¿, Unkw-_¿ amk-ß-fn¬ Hcp ssXamk t_m[-h-XvI-cW ]cn-]mSnbpw I¿Ω ]≤-Xnbpw \ΩpsSk`m am\-h-im-‡o-I-cW hn`m-K-Øns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ k -bm-I-am\w \S-∏m-°p-I-bm-Wv. IpSpw-_- -ZXamkm-N-c-Ww, el-cn-hn-cp≤ t_m[-h-XvI-c-Ww, InkvXy≥ t]c‚nwKv F∂o ]≤-Xn-I-fpsS ASpØ L -am-bn- mWv CXv \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xv. tIµ Hmô-kn¬ \n∂v e`n-°p∂ \n¿t±-i-ßƒ A\p-k-cn®v F√m CS-h-I-I-fnepw Cu ]≤Xn \S-∏m-°-Ww. CS-h-I-bnse Bflob ]ÿm-\-ßƒ ]tXy-In®v bph-P-\-]-ÿm\hpwa¿Ø-a-dnbw kamPhpw CXn\v ap≥ssI-sb-Sp-°-Ww. \ΩpsS kaqlw t\cn-Sp∂ AXoh Kpcp-X-c-amb Hcp]iv\-amWv CsX∂v Xncn-®-dn™v hr≤-cpsS kwc-£-W-Ø-n\mbpw, km¥z\ ipiq-j-bv°mbpw HmtcmCS-h-Ibpw Ah-c-h-cpsS kml-N-cy-ßƒ°-\p-kr-X-ambn ]c-am-h[n ]cn-i-a-ßƒ \S-Ø-Ww.

tijw ]n∂m-se,- k¿∆i‡-\mb ssZh-Øns‚ Ir]bpw A\p-K-l-ßfpw, \nß-tf-h-tcmSpw IqsS kZmh¿≤n-®n-cn-°p-am-dm-I-s´. BbXv ssZh-am-Xm-hmb ]cnip≤ I\yIadnbmw AΩ-bp-tSbpw C¥y-bpsSImh¬]n-Xm-hmb am¿tØmΩm «olm-bp-tSbpw \ΩpsS ]cn-ip≤ ]nXm-°≥am-cmb am¿ KotKm-dn-tbm-kn-s‚bpw am¿ Zoh-∂m-kn-tbm-kn-s‚bpw tijw kIe ip≤nam∑m-cp-tSbpw ip≤n-a-Xn-I-fp-tSbpw ]m¿∞-\-I-fm¬ Xs∂. BΩo≥.

kz¿§-ÿ-\mb Rß-fpsS ]nXm-th...........................

_t -en-tbmkv am¿tØmΩm ]utemkv ZznXo-b≥2012 HmKÃv amkw 28˛mw XobXntIm´bw ImtXm-en-t°‰vAc-a-\-bn¬\n-∂pw.

\º¿ 363/2012

kzb-ÿn-X\pw BZy-¥-an-√m-Ø-h\pw kmcmwi kºq¿Æ\pw BbXntbI ssZh-Øns‚ Xncp-\m-a-Øn¬ (X-\n°p kvXpXn)hnip≤ am¿tØmΩm «olm-bpsS knwlm-k-\-Øn-t∑¬

Bcq-V-\m-bn-cn-°p∂]uckvXy ImtXm-en-°mbpw ae-¶c saXm-t∏m-eo-Ømbpw Bbtamdm≥ am¿ _tk-en-tbmkv am¿tØmΩm ]utemkv ZznXob≥

I¿Øm-hn¬ \ΩpsS F√m ]≈n-I-fnsebpw hnIm-cn-am-cpw kl-]´°mcpw tZi-Øp-]-´-°m-cpw ]≈n-ssI-ÿm-\n-I-fpw tijw hnizm-kn-Ifpw IqSn-I-s≠-∂m¬ \nßƒ°v hmgvhv!

I¿Øm-hn¬ ]nbtc,BtKm-f-h-XvI-c-W-Ønt‚bpw D]-t`m-K-kw-kvIm-c-Øn-s‚bpw ê-ambn \ΩpsS kmaqly Pohn-X-ØnepwIpSpw-_-hy-h-ÿn-Xn-bnepw AXn-Zp-X-amb am‰-ßƒ kw -hn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-W-t√m. Im¬ \q‰m-≠nte-sdbmbn \mw AWp-Ip-Spw_ hyh-ÿn-Xn-bn-te°v Nph-Sp-am-dn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ Cu Xe-ap-d-bn¬ a°-fpsSFÆw hfsc Ipd-™n-cn-°p-∂p. sshZy-imkvX ]ptcm-K-Xnbpw Pohn-X-\n-e-hm-c-Ønse A`n-hr-≤nbpw aqewBbp¿ssZ¿Lyw h¿≤n-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ hr≤-P-\-kw-Jy-bn¬ h≥ h¿≤-\-bp≠mIp-∂p. Ht∂m ct≠m a°ƒD≈ IpSpw-_-ß-fn¬ Xs∂ Ah¿ tPmen tXSn a‰v tZi-ß-fn-te°v t]mIp-∂-Xn-\m¬ kz¥w amXm-]n-Xm-°-tfm-sSmØv IpSpw-_-Øn¬ Xma-kn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-√. hm¿≤-Iy-Øn-se-Øp∂ amXm-]n-Xm-°sf klm-bn-°mt\m kwc-£n-°mt\m Bcp-an-√-mØ Hcp Zp:ÿnXn kwPm-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. H‰-s∏- p-t]m-Ip∂ hr≤¿]ecpw Nqj-W-Øn\pw ]oU-\-ßƒ°pw Cc-I-fm-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. kmº-ØnI ÿnXn Z-am-b-h¿t]mepw hr≤-am-Xm-]n-Xm-°sf sXcp-hn¬ Dt]-£n-°p∂ hm¿Ø-Iƒ \mw tI´p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p.

CØcw Hcp ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ hr≤-scbpw tcmK-°n-S-°-bn-em-bn-cn-°p-∂-h-scbpw ]cn-N-cn-°p-hm\pw klm-bn-°p-hm-\p-ap≈ [m¿ΩnI DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw k` Gs‰-Sp-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ‘hr≤P\ kwc-£-Whpw km¥z\ipiq-jbpw’ e£y-an- p-sIm≠v kvt\l-Ø-W-en¬ Cu kmbm”w F∂ io¿j-I-Øn¬ 2012 HIvtSm-_¿,\hw-_¿, Unkw-_¿ amk-ß-fn¬ Hcp ssXamk t_m[-h-XvI-cW ]cn-]mSnbpw I¿Ω ]≤-Xnbpw \ΩpsSk`m am\-h-im-‡o-I-cW hn`m-K-Øns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ k -bm-I-am\w \S-∏m-°p-I-bm-Wv. IpSpw-_- -ZXamkm-N-c-Ww, el-cn-hn-cp≤ t_m[-h-XvI-c-Ww, InkvXy≥ t]c‚nwKv F∂o ]≤-Xn-I-fpsS ASpØ L -am-bn- mWv CXv \S-∏m-°p-∂-Xv. tIµ Hmô-kn¬ \n∂v e`n-°p∂ \n¿t±-i-ßƒ A\p-k-cn®v F√m CS-h-I-I-fnepw Cu ]≤Xn \S-∏m-°-Ww. CS-h-I-bnse Bflob ]ÿm-\-ßƒ ]tXy-In®v bph-P-\-]-ÿm\hpwa¿Ø-a-dnbw kamPhpw CXn\v ap≥ssI-sb-Sp-°-Ww. \ΩpsS kaqlw t\cn-Sp∂ AXoh Kpcp-X-c-amb Hcp]iv\-amWv CsX∂v Xncn-®-dn™v hr≤-cpsS kwc-£-W-Ø-n\mbpw, km¥z\ ipiq-j-bv°mbpw HmtcmCS-h-Ibpw Ah-c-h-cpsS kml-N-cy-ßƒ°-\p-kr-X-ambn ]c-am-h[n ]cn-i-a-ßƒ \S-Ø-Ww.

tijw ]n∂m-se,- k¿∆i‡-\mb ssZh-Øns‚ Ir]bpw A\p-K-l-ßfpw, \nß-tf-h-tcmSpw IqsS kZmh¿≤n-®n-cn-°p-am-dm-I-s´. BbXv ssZh-am-Xm-hmb ]cnip≤ I\yIadnbmw AΩ-bp-tSbpw C¥y-bpsSImh¬]n-Xm-hmb am¿tØmΩm «olm-bp-tSbpw \ΩpsS ]cn-ip≤ ]nXm-°≥am-cmb am¿ KotKm-dn-tbm-kn-s‚bpw am¿ Zoh-∂m-kn-tbm-kn-s‚bpw tijw kIe ip≤nam∑m-cp-tSbpw ip≤n-a-Xn-I-fp-tSbpw ]m¿∞-\-I-fm¬ Xs∂. BΩo≥.

kz¿§-ÿ-\mb Rß-fpsS ]nXm-th...........................

_t -en-tbmkv am¿tØmΩm ]utemkv ZznXo-b≥2012 HmKÃv amkw 28˛mw XobXntIm´bw ImtXm-en-t°‰vAc-a-\-bn¬\n-∂pw.

\º¿ 363/2012

kzb-ÿn-X\pw BZy-¥-an-√m-Ø-h\pw kmcmwi kºq¿Æ\pw BbXntbI ssZh-Øns‚ Xncp-\m-a-Øn¬ (X-\n°p kvXpXn)hnip≤ am¿tØmΩm «olm-bpsS knwlm-k-\-Øn-t∑¬

Bcq-V-\m-bn-cn-°p∂]uckvXy ImtXm-en-°mbpw ae-¶c saXm-t∏m-eo-Ømbpw Bbtamdm≥ am¿ _tk-en-tbmkv am¿tØmΩm ]utemkv ZznXob≥

A\p-K-lm-iwk

5

IÀ¯m-hnÂ ]nbsc,

ae¦ck -bnÂ \ne-\n-¶n-cp¶ hy-h-lm-c-§-fp-ambn _Ô-s¸«v `mcX¯nsâ ]c-tam-¶X \oXn-]o-T-amb _lpam\-s¸« kp]ow-tIm-S-Xn-bnÂ \n¶v 2017 Pqsse amkw 3þmw XobXn -D-ïmb kp]-[m\ hn[nsb kw_-Ôn v \n§Ä Ghcpw Adn-ªn-«p-f-f-Xm-sW-tÃm. 1877þÂ skan-\mcn k-yq-t«mSp IqSn Bcw-`n¨ k`-bpsS hy-h-lmc ]c-¼-c-bpsS Ah-km-\-ambn Cu hn[nsb Icp-Xm-hp-¶-XmWv. ae-¦c k -bpsS kzm-X- -y- n \pw X\n-abv¡pw thïn-bp-ff t]mcm-«-¯nsâ hnP-b-sa-t¶m-W-amWv CXv \ap¡v e`n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. CXphsc Dïm-bn-«p-ff hn[n-I-fn-sems¡ ]gp-Xp-IÄ Iïp ]n-Sn¨v h-y -h-lm-c-¯nsâ ]mX-bn-te¡v k`sb hen- n-g-bv¡p-¶-Xn\v \S¶ ia-§Ä¡v Gä I\¯ ]l-c-amWv Cu hn[n. ]gp-Xp-IfnÃm¯ hn[n-bm-Wn-Xv.

ae-¦c k` 1934þse `c-W-L-S-\bv¡v hnt[-b-ambn `cn-¡-s -S-W-sa¶pw, CS-h-I- f-fnIfpsS kzm-X- -yw 1934þse `c-W-L-S-\bv¡v hnt[-b-am-bn-cp¡pw F¶p-amWv kp]ow tImSXn hn[n- n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. k -bpsS mhn, k -bpsS kam-[m\w F¶n-h-bn-sÃ-Ãmw k -bpsS c-W-I-a- n\v thïn-bp-ïm-¡n-bn-«p-ff 1934þse c-W-L-S-\bv¡v \nÀ®m-b-I-amb Øm\-ap-ïv.

kp]ow-tIm-SXn hn[n k`ma¡-fm-b F-Ãm-hcpw ]T-\-hn-t[-b-am-t¡ï kp]-[m-\-tcJ-bm-Wv. amX-aÃ, hn[n \ym-bs¯ kw_-Ôn v sXän-²m-cWm P\-I-amb hym-J-ym-\-§Ä k -bn-epw, kaq-l-¯nepw ]N-cn- n¡p¶-Xmbn i²-bnÂs¸«n-«p-ïv. Cu kml-N-cyw ap³\nÀ¯n tImS-Xn-hn-[n-bpsS kwK-lhpw, FXnÀhm-Z-§-f-S-¡w AXnsâ hni-I-e-\hpw, Cw¥ojpw ae-bmf XÀÖnabpw tNÀ v Hcp ]T-\-KÙambn ]cn-ip² k` A -Sn p ]kn-²-s -Sp- p-I-bm-Wv. CXv \n§tfhcpw hmbn-¡p-Ibpw ]Tn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXv k`m kvt\l-¯nÂ hf-cp-hm³ ssZh- nsâ ]cn-ip-²m-ßmhv klm-bn-¡s«.

kvt\l-]qÀÆw


tUm. amX-yqkv amÀ tkth-dn-tbmkv

saXm-t¸m-eo¯m

(I−\mSv shÌv `Zmk\ saXm-t¸m-eo¯,

ae¦ck`bpsS hÀ¡nwKv I½nänbnse

F¸nkvt¡m¸Â kp¶ltZmkv ]Xn\n[n)

6

ae-¦c HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm\n k`-bpsS kzmX-ýhpw X\n-abpw Ac-¡n-«p-d-¸n¨ Hcp ]Jym-]-\-amWv 2017 Pqsse 3þmw XobXn C³Uy-bpsS ]c-am-[n-Imc \oXn-\ymb tImS-Xn-bnÂ \n¶p-ïm-b-Xv. 1877 apXÂ skan-\m-cn-t¡-kv, BÀ¯mäv tIkv, h«n-¸-W-t¡kv, kap-Zm-b-t¡-Êp-IÄ XpS-§nbhbnÂ 2002 hsc-bp-ïmb tImSXn hn[n-I-sf-sbÃmw ]cn- ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-¨p-sImïv 2017 Pqsse 3þmw XobXn kp]ow tImS-Xn-bpsS Unhn-j³ _©v hn[n ]Øm-hn-¨p. 1) ae-¦c k`-bpsS ]c-am-[n-Im-cn hn. tXm½m-Ço-lm-bpsS knwlm-k-\-¯nÂ Bcq-V-\m-bn-cn-¡p¶ ]uckvXy ImtXm-en¡m BIp-¶p-sh-¶pw, 2) ae-¦c k`-bpsS `c-W-Iaw 1934-þse `c-W-L-S\ ]Imcw Bbn-cn-¡-W-sa¶pw 3) AXn-\p-]-I-c-ambn ae-¦c k`-bnÂ bmsXmcp `c-W-L-S-\tbm DS-¼-Sn-Itfm ]Im-c-apÅ kam-ć `c-W-kw-hn-[m-\-§Ä A\p-h-Zn-¡p-I-bn-sÃ¶pw 4) AXnsâ t]cnÂ ae-¦c k`-bpsS ]Ån-I-fn-tem, Ømh-c-Pw-Ka kz¯p-¡-fntem aäv BÀ¡pw ]th-i\w A\p-h-Zn-¡p-I-bn-sÃ-¶pw, 5) Ia-k-am-[m\ ]iv\-ap-ïm¡n ae-¦c k`-bpsS ]Ån-Itfm Øm]-\-§tfm ]q«n-¡p-¶-hÀs¡-Xnsc IÀi\ \S-]-Sn-IÄ FSp-t¡-ï-Xm-sW¶pw kp]ow tImSXn Ak-µnKv²-ambn ]Jym-]n-¨p.

2017 3

hn[nkwKlw

7

I. CS-h-I-¸-Ån-I-Ä¡v 1934 se `c-W-L-S\ _m[Iw

CS-h-I-¸-Ån-I-fpsS ]tXy-I-amb ]cm-Xn-I-fpsS Akm-¶n-²y-¯nÂ ae-¦-c-bnse CS-h-I-¸-Ån-I-fpsS kz¯p-¡Ä ImtXm-en-¡m-bnÂ \n£n-]vX-am-sW¶p ]Jym-]n-¡p-hm³ km²y-a-Ãm-sb¶v 1995-þse kp]ow tImSXnhn[n-bpsS 154-þmw t]PnÂ tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-tijw AtX-hn-[n-bpsS 158-þmw t]PnÂ hn[n-¯oÀ¸p-I-ev]n-¨-t¸mÄ ae-¦-c-k` 1934-þse `c-W-L-S-\-bnÂ hyà-am-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶n-S-t¯mfw F¸n-kvtIm-¸Â kz`m-h-ap-Å-Xm-sW¶pw Cu `c-W-L-S\ CS-h-I-¸-Ån-I-fpsS `c-W-Im-cy-§Ä \nb-ń-¡p-¶-Xm-sW¶pw AXp \ne-\nÂ¡p-¶-Xm-sW¶pw tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv ]c-kv]c hncp-²-am-sW¶v hmZn-`mKw hmZn¨p (2017 hn[n-bpsS t]Pv 74). F¶mÂ tImSXn Cu hmZw ]qÀ®-ambpw \ncm-I-cn¨p (t]Pv 106). ]mXn-\n-[y-kz-`m-h-t¯msS tImS-Xn-bnÂ kaÀ¸n¨ ]cm-Xn-bn-t·Â 1995-þse hn[n AXnÂ I£n-tNÀ¶n-«n-Ãm-¯-hÀ¡pw _m[-I-am-sW-¶pw FÃm CS-h-I-¡mcpw B hn[n A\p-k-cn-¡p-hm³ _m²y-X-s¸-«-h-cm-sW¶pw Bb-Xn-\mÂ 1934-þse k`m-`-c-W-L-S\ CS-h-I-]-Ån-IÄs¡Ãmw _m[-I-am-sW-¶Xv Ańa Xocp-am-\-am-sW¶pw tImSXn hn[n¨p (t]Pv 107, 2017). CXnsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ 1995-þse hn[n-\ym-bhpw AXn-t·-ep-ïmb hn[n-¯oÀ¸pw (Decree) ]cn-]qÀ®-ambpw GI kzc-¯n-ep-Å-Xm-sW¶pw hn[n-\ym-b-¯nÂ Fs´-¦nepw ]cn-K-W-\mÀl-ambn hn«Xpw hn[n-¯oÀ¸nÂ ]d-ªn-«p-ÅXpw X½nÂ bmsXm-cp-ssh-cp-²y-hp-an-sÃ¶pw tImSXn Isï¯n (t]Pv 107, 2017)

II. Atým-Jy-]m-Xn-bÀ¡o-knsâ Bßo-b-[n-Imcw

II (1) 1912-þÂ Atým-Jym-]m-Xn-bÀ¡okv ae-¦-c-bnse Im-tXm-en-¡mbv¡v ae-¦c k`m `c-W-¯n-\pÅ kIe Bßob A[n-Im-c-§fpw ssIam-dnb- -tijw C\nbpw AtýmJym ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn-\v Sn A[n-Im-c-§Ä Dsï¶v Ah-Im-i-s¸-Sp-¶Xv \oXn-c-ln-X-am-sW¶v tImSXn Isï¯n (t]Pv 109, 2017).

II (2) AtýmJym ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\v ae-¦c k`-bn-t·-epÅ Bßo-bm-[n-Imcw iq\y-X-bnÂ F¯n-sb¶ 1958-þsebpw, 1995-þ-sebpw hn[n Cu tImS-Xnbpw BhÀ¯n-¨p-d-¸n¨p (t]Pv 111, 2017).

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II (3) Atým-Jym-]m-Xn-bÀ¡o-kn\v ImtXm-en-¡m-bpsS kl-I-c-W-t¯msS ae-¦-c-bnÂ Bßob A[n-Imcw D]-tbm-Kn-¡m-sa¶v 1995-þse hn[n-bnÂ ]d-bp-¶p-sï-¦nepw ImtXm-en-¡m-bpsS k½-X-an-ÃmsXbpw At±-l-¯nsâ FXnÀ¸p-IÄ Ah-K-Wn¨pw sshZn-I-scbpw saXm-·m-scbpw hmgn¨Xv icn-bmb \S-]Sn AsÃ¶pw AXv ae-¦c k`-bnÂ Bßo-I-þ-eu-InI `c-W-¯n-epÅ A\-[n-IrX ssII-S-¯epw kamć `c-W-kw-hn-[m-\-¯n-\pÅ sXämb \S-]-Sn-bm-sb¶pw tImSXn Isï¯n (t]Pv 111, 2017)

II (4) ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ Bßob tae-[n-Im-c-¯nÂ hniz-kn-¡m³ C³Uy³ c-W-L-S\ 25-þmw hIp¸v GsXmcp ]uc\pw Ah-Imiw \ÂIp-¶p-ïv. F¶mÂ ]uc kvXy HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm\n k`-bpsS Bßob A[n-Imcn ImtXm-en¡m BIp-¶p. AtýmJym ]mXn -bÀ¡okv HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdn--bm\n k`-bpsS ][m\ tae-²y-£-\m-sW-¦nepw (Primate) 1934-þse `c-W-L-S\ 94þmw hIp-¸-\p-k-cn¨v ae-¦c saXm-t¸m-eo- ¯m-bnÂ ae-¦c k`-bpsS Bßo-Ihpw euIn-Ihpw `c-W-]-c-hp-amb Imcy-§-fnÂ ][m\ D¯-c-hm-Zn¯w \n£n-]vX-am-Wv. AXn³]-Imcw 1934 c-WLS\ A\p-k-cn¨v ae-¦c k`-bnÂ hnIm-cn-amcpw aäv `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Ifpw \ne-hn-ep-ïv. At¸mÄ Atým-Jym- ]m-Xn- bÀ¡o-kv AwKo-I-cn-¨ 1934-þse c-W-L-S\ ]Im-chpw AtýmJym ]mXn-bÀ¡okv A_vZpÄ an-in-lm-bpsS Iev]-\-IÄ ]Im-chpw 1958-þÂ `c-W-¯n\v ImtXm-en-¡mbv¡pw ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn-\p-apÅ `c-W-]-tZ-i-§Ä ]p\:À\nÀ®bw sNbvXXv ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kp-Xs¶ AwKo-I-cn-¨-Xn-\mepw iq\y-hÂ¡-cn-¡-s¸« Bßo-bm-[n-Im-c-¯nsâ t]cnÂ At±-l-¯n\pw IqsS _m[-I-amb 1934-þse `c-W-L-S-\ -bvs¡-Xn-cmbn Dïm-¡nb kam-ć k`m `c-W-I-ao-I-cWw k`-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ kZp-t±-iy-¯n-eÃ AXnsâ \mi-¯nÂ Iem-in-¡phms\ DX-Ip-I-bp-f-fq. AXv Bßo-I-em-`-¯n-\Ã aäv Imcy-§Ä¡mWv e£y-an-«n-cn- ¡p-¶Xv (t]Pv 121, 2017) F¶p tImSXn \nco-£n-¡p¶p.

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II. (5) 1995-þse kp]ow tImS-Xn-hn-[n-bpsS 155-þmw t]Pv 6, 7 JWvUn-I-IÄ D²-cn-¨p-sImïv ]mXn-bÀ¡okpw, ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`m-Khpw 1934-þse `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS km[pXbvs¡Xn-cmb FÃm hmZ-§fpw Dt]-£n-¨p-sh-¦nepw FÃm-¡m-ehpw ae-¦c Atkm-kn-tb-j- \nÂ AwK-ambncnt¡ï _m[y-X-bn-sÃ¶v hmZn-`mKw D¶-bn-¨p. F¶mÂ GsX-¦nepw Hcp ]Ån Hcp CS-h-I-bmbn kvac-Wm-Xo-X-amb Imew apXÂ ae-¦c k`-bpsS `mK-ambn \ne-sIm-Åp-¶p-sh-¦nÂ AXv A§-s\-Xs¶ F¶pw \ne-\nÂ¡-W-sa¶pw ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ tae-[n-Im-c-]n-´p-SÀ¨-bpsS ad-hnÂ B CS-h-I-¸-Ån-bnÂ hnIm-cnsb \nb-an-¡p-hmt\m kam-ć Bßo-b-`-c-W-I-ao-I-c-W-§Ä \S-¯p-hmt\m Bßob ipiq-j-IÄ \S-¯p-hmt\m BÀ¡pw km²y-a-Ãm-sb¶pw hnImcn \nb-a\w BßoI kwhn-[m-\-a-Ã, ]XypX euInI `c-W-I-a-amWv F¶pw tImSXn hn[n¨p (t]Pv 123, 2017)

III. kam-ć Atkm-kn-tb-j\pw 2002 `c-W-L-S-\bpw

III (1) 1995-þse kp]ow tImS-Xn-hn-[n-bnÂ AtýmJym ]mXn-bÀ¡okv ae-¦-c-bnse ImtXm-en-¡msb apS-¡n-bXv kzm`m-hnI \oXn¡v A\p-kr-X-amb Imc-W-§Ä CÃm-ª-Xn-\mÂ Akm-[p-hm-¡n-sb-¦nepw ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ ]c-am-[n-Imcw ImtXm-en¡m hn`m-K-¯n\p \ncm-I-cn-¡p-hm³ km²y-a-sÃ¶pw B kml-N-cy-¯n-emWv ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`mKw X§-fpsS Bßo-Ihpw aX-]-c-hp-amb Xmev]-cy-§Ä kwc-£n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-thïn AhÀ¡p kz´-amb Hcp Atkm-kn-tb-j³ cq]o-I-cn-¡p-hm³ \nÀ_-Ôn-X-cm-b-sX¶pw hmZn-`mKw 2002-þÂ IqSnb Ah-cpsS Atkm-kn-tb-j-s\bpw cq]o-I-cn¨ `c-W-L-S-\-sbbpw km[q-I-cn-¡p-hm³ ian-¨p.

III (2) Cu hmZw k`m c-W-L-S-\-bpsS cïmw ]Imcw hIp¸v ]Imcw tImSXn A¸msS XÅn-¡-f-ªp. ae-¦c k` amÀt¯m½m Çolm-bmÂ Øm]n-Xhpw AXv ]uc kvXy HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm\n k`-bnÂ DÄs¸-«Xpw AXnsâ ][m\ tae-²y-£³ (Primate) ImtXm-en¡m

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BsW¶pw CXv km[p-X-bp-Å-Xm-sW-¶v 1958, 1995 kp]ow tImSXn hn[n-¨n-«p-ÅXpw AXv AtýmJym ]mXn-bÀ¡okv AwKo-I-cn-¨n-«p-ÅXpw BIp-¶p. At±-l-¯n\pw AXv _m[-I-am-b-Xn-\mepw GsX-¦nepw Hcp CS-h-I-¸-Ån-¡pthïnt¸mepw CXn-s\-Xnsc \ne-sIm-Åp-hm³ ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\v km²y-a-Ãm-¯-Xn-\mepw AXv AXnsâ `c-W-kw-hn-[m-\s¯ IogvtaÂ adn-¡p-¶-Xp-ambXn\mepw AXv A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-Ã.

III (3) CS-h-I-¡mÀ¡v ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ Bßo-b-ta-e-[n-Im-c-¯nÂ hniz-kn-¡p-hm³ AhImi-apïv; F¶mÂ AXv FÃm aX-Im-cy-§-fn-ep-a-Ã. AhÀ 1934-þse `c-W-L-S\ A\p-k-cn-¨pÅ Imcy-§Ä¡pw Xpey ]m[m\yw \ÂI-Ww. IqsS-¡qsS tImSXn hn[nsb (1995) adn-I-S¶pw A\m-Z-cn¨pw Hgn-hm-¡nbpw Hmtcmtcm hn[-¯nÂ Bßob t]mcm«w F¶ t]cnÂ CS-h-I-¸-Ån-IÄ It¿-dm³ ian-¡p-¶Xv A\p-h-Z-\o-b-aÃ F¶v tImSXn hn[n¨p (t]Pv 128, 2017)

IV (4) ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ Bßo-b-[n-Imcw iq\y-X-bn-se-¯n-sb-¶-Xn\v ]qÀ® AÀ°w sImSp-¡-W-sa¶pw Bßo-b-X-bpsS IpS-¡o-gnÂ A[n-Imcw ]tbm-Kn-¡p-¶Xpw ae-¦c k`-bpsS DÄ`-c-W-¯nÂ ]th-in-¡p-¶Xpw kam-´-c-ambn hnIm-cn-am-scbpw aäp sshZn-I-scbpw \nb- an-¡p-¶Xpw k`m `c-Ws¯ XfÀ¯p-¶-Xm-bn-cn-¡p-sa¶pw tImSXn Nqïn-¡m-«n. CXp apJm-ńcw kvac-Wm-Xo-X-Imew apXÂ GXv Dt±-iy-¯n\p thïn ae-¦c k`-bpsS imi-zXamb SÌv cq]o-I-cn-¡-s¸-«pthm B Dt±-iy-e-£ys¯ XIÀ¡p-¶-Xn\pw Bßo-b-X-bpsS ad-hnÂ \ne-hn-en-cn-¡p¶ k`m-`-c-W-kw-hn-[m-\s¯ XInSw adn-¡p-¶-Xn\pw BÀ¡pw A\p-hmZw Dïm-bn-cn-¡p-¶-X-sÃ¶v tImSXn ap¶-dn-bn¸p \ÂIn (t]Pv 128, 2017).

III (5) 2002-þÂ Dïm-¡n-sb¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp¶ Hcp `c-W-L-S\ A\m-h-iy-am-bn-cp-¶p. CXp-t]mse Xs¶ asämcp hn`mKw asämcp Ime¯v Cu k`-I-fpsS `c-W-¯n-\p-thïn asämcp kam-ć `c-W-L-S\ Dïm¡p-I-bn-sÃ-

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¶-Xn\v F´p-d¸v \ÂIp-hm³ Ign-bp-sa¶v tImSXn tNmZn¨p (t]Pv 128, 2017). 1934-þse k`m-`-c-W-L-S-\-bnÂ F´p hyXymkw Bh-iy-sa-¦nepw k`m `c-W-LS\ A\p-im-kn-¡p¶ ]Imcw (h-Ip¸v 126) GsXmcp CS-h-I-¡m-c\pw AXn-\pÅ km²y-X-bp-ïv. thZ-K-Ù-§Ä t]mse t`Z-KXn sN¿-s¸-Sm³ ]mSn-Ãm-¯-XÃ k`m `c-W-L-S-\. At\-I-]m-h-iy-§Ä Bh-iy-a-\p-k-cn¨v k`m `c-W-LS\ Xncp-¯-s¸-«n-«p-ÅXpw C\nbpw k`m `c-W-I-ao-I-c-W-¯n\v \ymb-bp-à-amb ]cm-Xn-]-Imcw t`Z-K-Xn-h-cp-¯m-hp-¶-XmWv F¶pw tImSXn kqNn-¸n-¨p. ]s£, CXn-s\m¶pambn-cp-¶nÃ, hg-¡p-IÄ \S-¶p-sIm-ïn-cp-¶-sX¶ \nK-a-\-¯n-emWv tImSXn F¯n-bXv (t]Pv 129, 2017)

IV. Cý³ `c-W-L-S-\-bnse hyàn kzmXýhpw (h-Ip¸v 25, 26) ae-¦c k`m-`-c-W-hpw.

kp]ow-tIm-SXn Gähpw IqSp-XÂ hni-Z-ambn ]Tn¨v hn[n-I-ev]n¨ Hcp hnj-b-am-bn-cp¶p CXv. hmZn-I-fp-sS XÀ¡w C§s\ kwK-ln-¡mw.

IV (a) Cý³ `c-W-L-S\bpsS 25, 26 hIp-¸p-IÄ FÃm hyàn-IÄ¡pw aX-hn-izm-k-¯n\pw BN-c-W-¯n\pw ]N-c-W-¯n\pw hyàn-]-c-amb kzmXýw \ÂIp-¶p-ïv.

IV (b) Ah-\-hsâ aX-¯nsâ Imcy-§Ä \nb-ń-¡p-¶-Xn \pÅ kzmXýw Cý³ `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 26-þmw hIp¸v \ÂIp-¶p-ïv.

IV (c) 1995-þse hn[n-bnÂ 163-þmw JWvUn-I-bnÂ ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ Bßob tae-[n-Im-c-¯nÂ hniz-kn-¡p-hm³ BK-ln-¡p¶ Bfp-IÄ¡v B Ah-Imiw \ntj-[n-¨n-«n-Ã.

IV (d) GXv CS-h-I-¡m-c\pw aX-]-c-amb kzmXýw C³Uy³ `c-W-L-S\ \ÂIp-¶p-ïv.

IV (e) ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`mKw hn. ]tXm-knÂ \n¶pÅ A¸-kvtXm-enI ]n³Xp-SÀ¨bnepw (Apostolic succession) Im-

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tXm-en¡m hn`mKw hn. tXm½m-bnÂ \n¶pÅ At¸m-kvtXm-enI ]n³Xp-SÀ¨bnepw hniz-kn-¡p-¶p. (t]Pv 130-þ131, 2017)

IV (f) CS-h-I-hn-Imcn aX-]-c-amb IÀ½-§Ä A\p-jvSn-¡p-¶-tXm-sSm¸w CS-h-I-¡m-cpsS ]Whpw B CS-h-Ibv¡p thïn kam-l-cn-¡p-¶p. `qcn-]£w ]mXn-bÀ¡okv ]£mw-K-§Ä Ah-cpsS Imcy-§Ä¡pthïn \ÂIp¶ ]Ww hnImcn ssIØm\n F¶-\n-e-bnÂ ImtXm-en¡m hn`m-K-¯nsâ Imcy-§Ä¡pthïn sNe-hm-¡p-¶Xv ZmXm-¡-tfmSpw Ah-cpsS D]-t`m-àm-¡-tfmSpw ImWn-¡p¶ hnizm-k-h-©-\-bm-Wv.

IV (g) `qcn-]£w ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hnizm-kn-I-fpsS Hcp ]Ån-bnÂ hn. tXm½m-bpsS At¸m-kvtXm-enI ]n³Xp-SÀ¨-bnepÅ ImtXm-en-¡m-hn-`m-K-¯nsâ sshZo-Is\ \nb-an- ¡p-¶-Xv hn. ]tXm-knsâ At¸m-kvtXm-enI ]n³Xp-SÀ¨-bnÂ hniz-kn-¡p¶ ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`m-K-¯nsâ hnizm-k-hp-ambn s]mcp-¯-s¸-Sp-¶-X-Ã.

IV (h) hn. Ip¼-kmcw Gäw ][m-\-s¸« `mK-§-fnÂ H¶-b-Xn-\mÂ ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ ]c-am-[n-Im-c-¯nÂ hniz-kn-¡p¶ Hcp hnizmkn ImtXm-en-¡m-hn-`m-K-¯nsâ Hcp hnIm-cn-bpsS ASp¯v Ip¼-km-cn-¡-W-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶Xv hn. ]tXm-kn-eq-sS-bpÅ At¸m-kvtXm-enI ]n³ Xp-SÀ¨-bpsS `RvP-\-am-Wv.

IV (i) At¸m-kvtXm-enI ]n³Xp-SÀ¨ ]Imcw InkvXp-hnsâ Ir] hn. ]tXm-kntem hn. tXm½m-bntem IqSn ]mXn- bÀ¡o-kn-tebvt¡m, t]m¸n-tet¡m Ah-cnÂIqSn AhÀ \nb-an-¡p¶ hnIm-cn-am-cn-te¡pw hcp-¶-Xn-\mÂ hnImcn Ip¼-kmcw \S-¯p-t¼mÄ ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hnIm-cn-bnÂ IqSn k¶n-ln-X-\m-Wv (t]Pv 136, 2017)

IV (j). hnIm-cn-bpsS ASp¯p Ip¼-km-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ AXv ]mXn- bÀ¡o-kn\v ssIam-ä-s¸-Sp-Ibpw ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knÂ ¡qsS hn. ]tXm-kn-te¡pw hn. ]tXm-knÂ \n¶v tbipInkvXp-hn-te¡pw BX-y-ń-I-ambn F¯p-Ibpw ]m]n¡v ]m]-tam£w In«p-sa-¶mWv hni-zm-kw.

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IV (k). hnImcn ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ \nb-an-¡-s -Sen\pw hn-i-zm-k- ¯n\pw IS-s¸-Sm-Xn-cp-¶mÂ aX-]-cm-amb A\p-K-l-§Ä tbip-In-kvXp-hnÂ \n¶v hn. ]tXm-knÂ¡qSn ]mXn-bÀ¡okv apJm-ńcw hcp-¶Xv apdn-ªp-t]m-Ipw.

IV (l) Bb-Xn-\mÂ Htc ]f-fn-bnÂ (tIm-e-t©-cn, hcn-t¡m-en) PnÃm If-IvSÀ 14.10.15 Â \nÝ-bn-¨-Xp-t]mse Ccp-hn-`m-K-¯n\pw hnIm-cn-amcpw hy-X-ykvX Bcm-[\m kwhn-[m-\-§fpw Dïm-Ip¶Xv bpà-am-Wv.

IV (m). ImtXm-en-¡m-hn-`mKw hnIm-cnsb ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\v hni-zm-kn-I-fp-sS-taÂ ASn-t¨Â¸n-¡p-¶Xv C³U-y³ c-W-L-S\ 25-þmw hIp-¸p-]-Imcw A\p-h-Zn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ aX-]-c-amb hy-àn-k-zm-X-ýw \ntj-[n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xm-bn-cn-¡pw. CXv 1934 se `c-W-L-S-\-bnse hy-h-Ø-IÄ¡pw D]-cn-bmbn \ne-sIm-f-fp-¶p.

IV (n). CS-h-I-¸-f-fn-bpsS kz-¯p-¡fpw skan-t¯-cnbpw CS-h-I-¡m-cp-tS-Xm-I-bmÂ 1934 se `c-W-L-S\ A\p-k-cn-¡m-¯-hsc Ah-bnÂ \n¶v Hgn-hm-¡p-¶Xv hyàn]-c-amb aX-k-zm-X-´-y-¯nsâ \ntcm-[-\-amWv (t]Pv 140þ 2017) IqSmsX CS-h-I-¸-f-fn-bpsS e£-y-¯nsâ ewL-\hp-amWv (t]Pv 191þ 2017).

hfsc hni-Z-amb ]T-\-¯n\pw F¸n-kvt¡m-¸Â, tIm¬Kn-tK-j-\Â, C³U-y³ `c-W-L-S\ At¸m-kvtXm-enI ]n´p-SÀ¨, aXw, Bßo-b-X, uXn-IX (eu-In-Iw), XpS-§n-b-h-sb -¡p-dn¨v hni-Z-amb D²-c-Wn-IÄ ap³ tImSXn hn[n-I-fnÂ \n¶pw F³ssk-t¢m-]o-Un-bm-I-fnÂ \n¶pw `K-h-XvKo-X, D]-\n-j¯v XpS-§nb thZ-Ir-Xn-I-fnÂ \n¶pw, Ncn-X-¯nÂ \n¶pw Ejn-am-cpsS ]Tn-¸n-¡-enÂ \n¶pw k`m-I-t\m-\p-I-fnÂ \n¶pw FÃmw D²-cn¨p-sImïv tImS-Xn-bpsS Isï-¯-ep-IÄ A¡-an«p \nc- ¯p-¶p.

IV (1) ae-¦c HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm\n k` At¸m-kvtXm-enI ]n³Xp-SÀ¨ kzo-I-cn-¡p-¶-XmWv (t]Pv 139þ2017)

IV (2) k`-bpsS kz-¯p-¡Ä [À½-k-z-¯m-b-Xn-\mÂ (En-dowement) CS-h-I-¸-f-fn-IÄ ùXn-I-k-z-¯p-¡-fpsS `c-W-¯nÂ kz-X-´hpw kzbw `c-Wm-[n-Im-c-hp-ap-f-f-

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Xm-sW¶ hmZ-¯n\v \ne- \nÂ¸n-Ã. (t]Pv 142þ2017). AXm-bXv CS-h-I-¸-f-fn-I-fpsS kz-¯p-¡-fpsS DS-a-ØX (Ownership) ae-¦c k`-bv¡m-Wv. CS-h-I-¡mÀ D]-t`m-àm-¡-fm-sW¶v kmcw.

IV (3) ]uc-kvXy k`-IÄ F¸n-kvt¡m-¸Â BWv. AhÀ¡v kz-b-am-bn Ah-cpsS B`-y-´-c-Im-c-y-§Ä Xocp-am-\n-¡p-hm\pw Ah-cpsS _nj-¸vkn-s\bpw Ah-cpsS k`m Xe-h-s\bpw sXc-sª-Sp-¡p-hm\pw Ah-cpsS `Zm-k-\-§-fpsS kaq-l-¯n\v Ah-Im-i-apïv (t]Pv 149þ 2017)

IV (4) aX-]-c-amb A\p-jvTm-\-§Ä¡pw BN-c-W-§Ä¡pw CS-hI hnIm-cn-am-cp-sStbm sshZn-I-cp-sStbm \nb-a-\-hp-ambn _Ô-anÃ (t]Pv 169þ 2017)

IV (5) Atým-Iy ]mXn-bÀ¡okv 1912 Â ae-¦-c-bnÂ ImtXm-en¡m knwlm-k\w ]p\:-Øm-]n-¡p-Ibpw 1934 se `c-W-L-S\ A\p-k-cn¨v 1964 Â ImtXm-en-¡m-sbbpw ae-¦c saXm-t¸m-eo-¯m-sbbpw hmgn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXXp aqew ae-¦c k`m `c-W-L-S\ A\p-k-cn¨p amXsa ae-¦c k`-bnÂ hnIm-cnamsc sshZn-I-sctbm hmgn-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡q; ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\v F´v Bßob tae-[n-Imcw Dïm-bmÂt¸mepw ae-¦c k`-bnÂ hnIm-cn-am-sctbm sshZo-I-ctbm hmgn-¡p-hm³ At±-l-¯n\v A[n-Im-c-anÃ (t]Pv 176þ 2017).

IV (6) ae-¦c k`m `c-W-L-S-\-bnÂ ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶-]-Imcw At´-ym-Iy ]mXn-bÀ¡oknsâbpw ImtXm-en-¡m-bpsS Øm\hpw hnIm-cn-am-cpsS \nb-a-\w, hnIm-cn-bp-sSbpw `Zm-k\ saXm-t¸m-eo-¯m-am-cp-sSbpw, ae-¦c saXm-t¸m-eo-¯m-bp-sSbpw ImtXm-en-¡m-bp-sSbpw XpS-§n-b-h-cpsS c-W-]-c-amb D¯-c-hm-Zn-X-z-§Ä F¶n-h-sbÃmw At´-ym-Iy ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\pw ae-¦c k`mw-K-§Ä FÃm-hÀ¡pw _m[-I-amWv (t]Pv 177þ 183, 2017).

IV (7) C´-y³ `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 25þmw hIp-¸nsâ \ntj[w Dsï¶ hmZw Xf-fn-¡-f-bp-¶p. ImcWw Hcp aX-hn-`m-K-¯n\v AXnsâ hni-zm-khpw Bcm-[-\bpw `c-W-Ia§fpw kq£n-¡p-hm³ kzbw `c-Wm-[n-Im-c-ap-ïv.

15

asämcp _ml-y-i-ànbv¡pw AXnÂ CS-s¸-Sp-hm³ AÀlX-bn-Ã.

IV (8) Bßo-Im-[n-Imcw ImtXm-en¡m, ae-¦c saXm-t¸m-eo¯m XpS-§n-b-h-cn-ep-ap-ïv. Bb-Xn-\mÂ At´-ym-Iy ]mXn-bÀ¡otkm At±-l-¯nsâ ]Xn-\n-[ntbm hnIm-cnsb \nb-an-¡-W-sa-¶Xv Ak-z-`m-hn-I-amb Hcp hmZw amX-am-Wv. AXp apJm-ńcw C³U-y³ `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 25, 26 hIp-¸p-I-fpsS ewL\w Dïm-Ip-¶n-Ã. 1934 se `c-W-L-S\ C³U-y³ `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS taÂ hIp-¸p-IÄ¡v FXn-cp-aÃm (t]Pv 184-þ2017)

IV (9) tbip-In-kvXp-hnsâ Ir] hn. ]tXm-knÂ¡qSn ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn-te¡pw ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knÂ¡qSn hnIm-cn-bn-te¡pw hcp-¶p-sh¶ hmZ-¯nÂ ImtXm-en-¡, ae-¦c saXm-t¸m-eo¯m `Zm-k\ saXm-t¸m-eo¯ XpS-§nb aäp Øm\n-Isf Hgn-hm-¡n-bXv icn-b-Ã.

IV (10) ]mXn-bÀ¡otkm, t]mt¸m hnIm-cnsb \nb-an-t¡ï Bh-i-y-an-Ã. ImcWw AXv Hcp aX-]-c-amb Bcm-[-\-bÃ (t]Pv 184-þ2017)

IV (11) BßoI A[n-Imcw aäp Øm\n-I-fnepw Dïv. BßoI A[n-Imcw HcmÄ¡v AbmÄ FX D¶-X-Øm-\n-bm-sW-¦nepw Abm-fpsS amXw Ip¯-Im-h-Im-i-a-Ã. ]utcm-ln-Xy tiWn-bn-ep-ff `Zm-k\ saXm-t¸m-eo-¯mbv¡v hnIm-cnsb \nb-an-¡m-\p-ff A[n-Im-c-ap-ïv. (t]Pv 185 þ17)

IV (12) sshZn-I-cpsS sXc-sª-Sp-¸v, ]T-\w, ]«-X-zw, saXm-·m-cpsS sXc-sª-Sp-¸v, hmgn-¡Â \nb-a-\w, ImtXm-en-¡m-bpsS sXc-sª-Sp¸v hmgn-bv¡Â Ch-bvs¡Ãmw k`m `c-W-L-S-\-bnÂ hy-à-amb Iao-I-c-W-§-fp-ïv. (t]Pv 185þ17)

IV (13) ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\mÂ \nban¡s¸-Sm¯ Hcp hnIm-cn-bn-te¡v tbip-In-kvXp-hnsâ Ir] Hgp-¡p-I-bnÃ F¶ hmZw \ne-\nÂ¡p-¶-X-Ã. Hcp hnIm-cn-bpsS Bßo-I-tijn AbmÄ ]m]n-s¨-Sp-¡p-¶-XmWv (t]Pv 185þ 2017). C§-s\-sbmcp hmZw D¶-bn-¡p-¶-Xv. Bßo-b-X-

16

bpsS e£-W-a-Ã ù-XnI `cWw IhÀs¶-Sp-¡p-hm-\p-ff KqV-e-£yw amX-am-Wv. (t]Pv 185þ186)

IV (14) ImtXm-en-¡, ]mXo-bÀ¡okv F¶o Øm\n-I-fpsS _Ô-¯nÂ IogvØm-\n-sbt¶m taÂ Øm\n-sbt¶m Dff hy-X-ym-k-an-Ã. Ccp-hcpw kz-X´ BßoI A[n-Im-cn-I-fm-Wv. F¶mÂ ]utcm-ln-Xy `c-Wm-[n-Imc tiWn-bnÂ ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\v Hcp D¶X Øm\-ap-ïv. AXv At±lw k¶n-ln-X-\m-Ip-t¼mÄ amXw sImSp-¡p¶ Hcp _lp-am\Øm\-am-Wvþ ka-·m-cnÂ ap¼³ F¶ Øm\w (primus inter pares) (t]Pv 187þ2017)

IV (15) k`m-`-cWw hnhn[ Xe-§-fnÂ D¯-c-hm-Zn-¯§Ä hn`-Pn¨p sImSp-¯p-sIm-ïmWv \S-¡p-¶-Xv. F¶mÂ Cu A[n-Imc hn`-P\w k`-bpsS hnhn[ Imc-y-\nÀÆ-l-W-¯n\p thïn-bmWv \S-¯p-¶-Xv. AXv k`-bpsS F¸n-kvt¡m-¸Â BsW¶ ASn-Øm\ kz-`m-h-¯n\v Hcn-¡epw FXn-cÃ (t]Pv 188þ 2017)

IV (16) Ing-¡nsâ ae-¦c k`-bpsS ]c-tam-¶X A[n-Imcn Im-tXm-en¡ BIp-¶p. CXv 1934 se k`m c-W-L-S\bpsS cïmw hIp-¸nÂ At±lw ][m\ tae-²-y-£³ (]n-ta-äv) F¶-XnÂ¡qsS hy-à-am-Ip-¶p. (t]Pv 188þ17)

IV (17) Hcp kaqlw hn`-Pn-¡-s¸-Smw, ]s£ ]f-fn-Itfm, Bcm-[\ Øe-§tfm hn`-Pn-¡-s¸-Sp-hm³ km²-y-a-Ã. Ah C³U-y³ `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 25,26 hIp-¸p-IÄ ]Imcw aX-]-c-amb Ah-Im-i-¯n\v thïn BZ-cn-¡-s¸-tS-ï-XmWv (t]Pv 188þ17)

IV (18) 1934 se `c-W-L-S\ A\o-Xn-bv¡p-ff Hcp D]-I-c-W-amtbm ASn-¨-aÀ¯-en-\p-ff Hcp D]m-[ntbm AÃ. (t]Pv 189)

IV (19) k`-bpsS kz-¯p-¡Ä F¶pw k`-bp-sS-Xm-bn-¯s¶ \ne- \nÂ¡pw. Cu tImSXn ]J-ym-]n¨ ]Imcw HutZ-ym-KnI Øm\n-IÄ 1934 se ae-¦c k`m c-W-L-S-\bv¡p hnt[-b-Xzw ]J-ym-]n-¨n-cn-¡-Ww.

IV (20) ImtXm-en¡m hn`mKw `qcn-]£w BbmÂ t]mepw k`m kz-¯p-¡Ä CS-h-I-¡mÀ¡v FSp¯p sImïv t]mIp-hm³

17

km²-y-aÃ. AXv ae-¦c k`-bnÂ \ne-\nÂ¡-Ww.

IV (21) ]f-fntbm skan-t¯-cntbm BÀ¡pw ]nSn-s¨-Sp-¡p-hm³ km²-y-a-Ã. AXv CS-h-I-¡mÀ¡mbn \ne-\nÂ¡-Ww. ae-¦c k`-bnÂ hni-z-mkw XpS-cp-¶n-S-t¯mfw Imew GsXmcp CS-h-I-¡m-c\pw _lp-am-\-]qÀÆw skan-t¯-cn-bnÂ AS-¡-s¸-Sp-hm-\p-ff Ah-Imiw \ntj-[n-¡-s¸-Sp-hm³ ]mSn-Ã.

IV (22) HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm\n k`bpw ae-¦c k`bpw H¶p Xs¶ hni-zm-khpw H¶p Xs¶. ]mXn-bÀ¡okpw ImtXm-en-¡mbpw ae-¦c k`-bpsS `mK-am-Wv. Cu kml-N-c-y-¯nÂ ImtXm-en-¡m-bp-sSbpw ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâbpw t]cnÂ A]-cn-lm-c-y-amb hni-zmk hy-X-ym-k-§Ä Btcm-]n-¨p-sImïp \S¯p¶; bpàn _e-an-Ãm¯ coXn-bnÂ, hn`-P\ iaw a\-Ên-em-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶-X-Ã. (t]Pv 191)

IV (23) Bßo-I-Im-cy t\«-¯n-\Ã ]X-ypX `c-W-]-c-amb I¿m-f-en\p thïn \S-¯p¶ ia-§-fmWv ]Ån-I-fnÂ Ia-k-am-[m\\ne XIÀ¡p-¶Xv. Bb-Xn-\mÂ Ch Ah-km-\n-¸n¨v hnizm-kn-I-fnÂ InkvXp-hnsâ A\p-K-l-§Ä Dïmbn InkvXp-hnsâ bYmÀ° Ah-Im-in-I-fmsb¦nÂ amXta k`-bnÂ kam-[m\w ssIh-cn-¡p-I-bp-Åq. C¶s¯ ]cn-lm-kyhpw eÖm-I-c-hp-amb ØnXn hnti-j-¯n\v bmsXmcp \nb-a-]-c-amb kmwK-Xy-hp-an-Ã. (t]Pv 191 þ 2017)

IV (24) CS-h-I-sa-Xm-t¸m-eo-¯m hnIm-cnsb \nb-an-¡p-¶-Xp-hgn CS-h-I-¡m-cpsS \nb-a-]-c-amtbm Bßob]c-am tbm DÅ Hcp Ah-Im-i-s¯bpw l\n-¡p-¶n-Ã. (t]Pv 192)

IV (25) si½m-È-·m-cpsS thZ-im-kvX-]-T-\w, AhÀ¡pw sshZn-IÀ¡pw ]«w-sIm-Sp-¡p-¶Xv apX-emb Imcy-§Ä hntZ-i-¯p-h-kn-¡p¶ ]mXn-bÀ¡okn\v F§ns\ km[n-¡p-sa-¶Xv Hcn-¡epw a\-Ên-em-¡m³ Ign-bp-¶-X-Ã. amX-aÃ AXv Ncn-X-]-ctam \nb-a-]-ctam Bb ap³ ]m-c-¼-cy-hp-a-Ãm-¯-Xn-\mÂ A\m-h-iy-amb Cu CS-

18

s]-S-en\v km[y-X-bn-Ã. CXv A\m-h-iy-ambn (t]Pv 192 þ194) `cWw ]nSn-s¨-Sp-¡m-\pÅ IpX´w amX-am-Wv.

V ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ Bßob tae-[n-Im-cs¯ ImtXm-en¡ \ntj-[n-¨Xv

Cu hnj-b-¯nÂ ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`m-K-¯nsâ hmZ-§Ä Xmsg ]d-bp¶hbm-bn-cp-¶p. (t]Pv 195 þ 201)

V (a) 1979 þÂ H. Fkv. \¼À 4 tIkp-hgn ImtXm-en¡m hn`mKw ]mXn-bÀ¡oknsâ A[n-Im-c-¯nÂ \n¶p kzX-´-ambn kzb-ioÀj-IXzw ae-¦c k`-bv¡p-sï-¶Xv ]Jym-]n-¡-W-sa¶v Bh-iy-s¸-«p.

V (b) ImtXm-en¡m hn`mKw ]e-X-hW ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kns\ [n¡-cn-¨-Xmbn 1995 kp]ow tImSXn hn[n-bpsS 134, 135, 136, 137, 138 JWvUn-I-I-fnÂ tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. (1972 þÂ ]mXn-bÀ¡okv Xsâ Uen-tK-äns\ ae-¦c k`-bn-te-¡-b-¨Xpw 1973 sk]väw-_À ]mXn-bÀ¡okv Hcp ae-¦c k`mw-Ks¯ saX-m\mbn hmgn¨Xpw 1974 þÂ ]mXn-bÀ¡okv ImtXm-en¡mbvs¡Xnsc Btcm-]n¨ Ipä-§fpw kw_-Ôn¨v ImtXm-en¡m D¶-bn¨ XS-Ê-hmZ Fgp-¯p-Ip-¯p-I-fmWv ChnsS ]cm-aÀin-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.) ImtXm-en-¡m-bpsS A[n-Imc]cn-[n-¡p-ÅnÂ ]mXn-bÀ¡okv A\-[n-Ir-X-ambn CS-s]-«-XnÂ `c-W-L-S-\-bp-sSbpw tImS-Xn-hn-[n-I-fp-sSbpw ewL\w \S-¯n-sb¶v ']mXn-bÀ¡o-kns\ Ipä-s¸-Sp¯nbXmWv ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ ]cam[n-Im-cs¯ [n¡-cn-¨-Xmbn' hmZn-¡p-¶-Xv.

V (c) 2004 þepw 2008 þepw Cý-bnÂ F¯nb ]mXn-bÀ¡okv ae-¦c k`-bnÂ Bßob Imcy-§Ä \nÀÆ-ln-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-Xnsc ImtXm-en¡m hn`mKw tImS-Xn-bnÂ Ian-\Â tIkv sImSp-¯p.

V (d) ImtXm-en¡m hn`m-K-¯nsâ XpS-sc-bpÅ ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knâ ]c-am-[n-Im-c-\n-tj-[-¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯n-emWv 1995 þse hn[n-bnÂ Iv\m\mb `Zm-k-\-¯n\v e`n¨ kzX´ \ne-\nÂ]nsâ amXrIbnÂ ]mXn-bÀ¡okv

19

A\p-`m-hn-IÄ ae-¦c k`-bpsS Atkm-kn-tb-j-t\mSv \nÊ-l-I-cn¨v 2002þÂ ]tXyI Atkm-kn-tb-j³IqSn ]pXnb `c-W-L-S-\bv¡v cq]w sImSp-¯-Xv.

V (e) ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ A[n-Imcw iq\yXbnse-¯n-sb-¦nepw ]mXn-bÀ¡okv Hcp tijvT \nÊm-c-hkvXp (Glorified Cipher) Bbn-cn-¡-bn-Ã.

V (f) ae-¦c k`m c-W-L-S\bpsS (1934) 101þmw hIp- p-]-Imcw ImtXm-en-¡m-bpsS kl-I-c-W-t¯msS hmgn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kns\ ae-¦ck` AwKo-I-cn-¡-bp-Åq-sh-¶n-cn-¡nepw ]mXn-bÀ¡okv Bcmbncn¡-W-sa¶v Xocp-am-\n-¡p-hm-\pÅ A[n-Imcw ImtXm-en-¡m-bv¡p-ïm-bn-cn-¡p-sa¶ hyJym\w ]mSn-Ã.

V (g) BI-am\ kp¶-l-tZmkv Imt\m-\n-I-ambn hmgn-¡p¶ ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kns\ ImtXm-ent¡mkv AwKo-I-cnt¨ ]äq.

V (h) ImtXm-en-¡m-bpsS kl-I-cWw Bh-iy-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶Xv XpÀ¡n kpÂ¯m³ A_vZpÂainlm ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn-sâ AwKo-I-cWw ]n³h-en-¡p-Ibpw A_vZpÅm ]mXn- bÀ¡o-kn\v ]pXnb AwKo-I-cWw (Firman) sImSp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xp-t]mepÅ kml-Ncyw Hgn-hm-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-thïn amX-am-Wv.

V (i) GsX-¦nepw ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ \nba km[p-X-sb-¡p-dn¨v XÀ¡-ap-ïm-Ip-t¼mÄ amXta `c-W-L-S\bpsS 101þmw hIp¸v ]tbm-Kn¨v Imt\m-\nI ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kns\ ae-¦c k` AwKo-I-cn¡p¶ Bhiyw t\cn-Sp-¶q-Åq.

V (j) 14.09.1980 apXÂ 21.03.2014 hsc ]mXo-bÀ¡o-km-bn-cp¶ Cám-¯n-tbmkv k¡m ]Y-a³ 1995 þse hn[n ka-b¯v ]mXn-bÀ¡o-km-bn-cp¶p. At±-l-¯n-s\-Xn-sctbm Ct¸m-gs¯ ]mXo-bÀ¡o-kn-s\-Xn-cmtbm Ah-cpsS \nba km[p-X-sb-¡p-dn¨v ImtXm-en¡m hn`mKw A\ymbw t_m[n-¸n-¨n-«n-Ãm-¯-Xn-\mÂ 101þmw hIp¸v A\p-k-cn¨v ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kns\ \ntj-[n-¡m³ ]mSn-Ã.

V (k) 1934 `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 101þmw hIp-¸nÂ ]d-bp¶ kl-I-

20

cWw F¶Xv Imt\m-\nIambn hmgn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ ]mXo-bÀ¡o-kns\ ImtXm-en¡m HutZym-Kn-I-ambn AwKo-I-cn-¡pI Ft¶ hymJym-\n-¡m-\m-hq.

V (l) 1995 þse hn[n-bnÂ 155þmw t]PnÂ ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\v Xsâ A[n-Imcw ImtXm-en-¡m-bp-amb IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-tbmsS \nÀÆ-ln-¡m-sa¶v ]d-bp-¶p. IqSn-bm-tem-N\ F¶Xv k½Xw amX-amWv. Adn-bn-¡-W-sa¶v amX-sat¶ AXn-\À°-ap-Åq.

V (m) ]mXn-bÀ¡okv Bßob tae-[n-Imcn Bb-Xn-\mÂ Im-tXm-en¡m hnk-½-Xn-¨mÂ t]mepw ]mXo-bÀ¡o-kn\v Xsâ A[n-Imcw hn\n-tbm-Kn-¡p-hm³ H¶pw XS-Ê-am-hn-Ã. ImtXm-en-¡m-bpsS k½-Xtam A\p-hm-Ztam Bh-iy-an-Ã.

v (n) 1995 hn[n-bnÂ 158þmw JWvUn-I-bnÂ ae-¦c Atkm-kn-tb-j³ P\-bm¯-]-c-ambn IqSp-¶-Xn-\pÅ ]p\-I-ao-I-c-W-§Ä \S-¯n-bn-«p-sï-¦nepw AXv ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\v ae-¦-c-k-`-bp-sS-taÂ DÅ Bßob ]hÀ¯-\s¯ XS-Ê-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶n-Ã.

tImS-Xn-bpsS Is>-¯-ep-IÄ

V (1) hnhn[ Imc-W-§-Ä aqew taep-¶-bn¨ Hcp \nÀt±-i-§fpw AwKo-I-cn¡phm³ km[y-a-Ã. (t]Pv 201 þ 2017)

V (2) 1958 þse hn[n-bnÂ ImtXm-en¡m hn`m-K-¯n-s\-Xnsc ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ A[n-Imcw \ntj-[-¯nsâ Btcm-]-W-§Ä D¶-bn-¨n-cp-¶p.

V (3) 1877 apXÂ 1995 hsc ae-¦c k`sb kw_-Ôn-¨p-ïmb tIkp-I-fnse Hcp hn[n-bnepw ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn-\p-ïm-bn-cp¶ Bßob A[n-Imcw D]-tbm-Kn¨v ae-¦c k`-bpsS DÄ`-c-W-¯nÂ ]th-in-¡p-hm\pÅ Hc-h-Im-ihpw ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn-\p-sIm-Sp-¯-Xmbn ImWp-¶nÃ F¶v tImSXn hni-Zo-I-cn-¨p. (t]Pv 201þ209)

V (4) ImtXm-en-¡m-bpsS A[n-Imcw Dd-¸m-¡p-¶Xv ]mXo-bÀ¡o-knsâ A[n-Imcw \ntj-[n-¡p-¶-X-Ã. (t]Pv 206)

21

V (5) 1972 þepw 1995 \pti-jhpw 2002 þepw tImSXn hn[n-Isf ewLn-¨p-sImïv ]mXn-bÀ¡okv ae-¦c k`bpsS DÄ`-c-W-¯nÂ ]th-in-¨-Xn-\mepw 2002 `c-W-L-S\ ]mXo-bÀ¡okv AwKo-I-cn-¨-Xn-\mepw A]Imcw hoïpw kw`-hn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-hm³ ImtXm-en¡m hn`mKw sslt¡m-S-Xn-bnÂ ]mXo-bÀ¡o-kns\Xnsc Ian-\Â tIkv sImSp-¯-Xns\ Ipä-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm³ km[n-¡p-I-bn-Ã. (t]Pv 206).

V (6) 1995 tImSXn hn[n-¡p-tijw Ccp hn`m-K-§-fp-sSbpw k½-X-t¯msS PÌnkv afn-a-¯nsâ \nco-£-W-¯nÂ 2002 þÂ \S-¯nb sXc-sª-Sp-¸nÂ Ccp hn`m-Khpw Ah-cpsS A`n-]m-b-`n-¶-X-IÄ ]d-ªp-XoÀ¯pw Bh-iy-sa-¦nÂ c-W-L-S-\m-t`-Z-K-Xn-IÄ hcp-¯nbpw tbmPn-¨p-kw-_-Ôn-t¡-ï-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. (t]Pv 207) AXn-\p-]-Icw ]Ån-I-fnÂ kam-ć `c-W-I-a-§fpïm¡p-Ibpw Ia-k-am-[m\ ]iv\-§Ä krjvSn-¡p-Ibpw ]Ån-IÄ ]q«n-bn-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXXv ZmcpW kw`-h-ambn \nÂ¡p-¶p. (t]Pv 207)

V (7) ae-¦c k`m `c-W-L-S\ 101þmw hIp-¸p-]-Imcw ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kns\ ImtXm-en-¡mbpw ae-¦c k`bpw AwKo-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-kw-_-Ôn¨ lqZm-b-Im-t\m³ tImSXn AwKo-I-cn-¨n-«p-ïv. ImcWw AXv 1958, 1995 kp]ow tIm-SXn hn[n-IÄ AwKo-I-cn-¨n-«p-Å-Xm-Wv. (t]Pv 137þ2017)

]kà `mKw

1898 lqZmb Imt\m³ Ggmw A²ymbw

"a]n-bm³ Pohn-¨n-cn-¡p¶psh-¦nÂ At±-l-¯nsâ k½-Xw-Iq-SmsX ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hmgn-¡-s¸-Sp-hm³ ]mSn-Ã. adn-¨m-Ip¶ ]£w Ing-¡À¡vv Ah-cpsS a]n-bms\ AhÀ¡p-Xs¶ hmgn-¡m\pw A[n-Im-cw Dïm-bn-cn-¡pw".

"C\n apXÂ Ing-¡nsâ henb saXm-t¸m-eo-¯mbv¡v ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kns\t¸mseXs¶ Ing-¡nsâ saXm-t¸m-eo-¯m-amsc hmgn-¡p-hm³ A[n-Im-c-ap-ïm-bn-cn-¡pw. At±lw ImtXm-en-¡-sb¶v ]Jym-]n-¡-s¸-S-Ww. ]mÝm-Xy-cpsS kp¶-l-tZm-knÂ

22

At±lw k¶n-ln-X-\m-Ip-t¼mÄ At±-l-¯nsâ Ccn-¸nSw FÃm saXm-t¸m-eo-¯-·mÀ¡pw D]-cn-bmbn tbdp-itew ]mXn-bÀ ¡o-kn-t\m-sSm-¸-am-bn-cn-¡-Ww". CXnsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯n-emWv k`m `c-W-L-S\ 101þmw hIp-¸nÂ ae-¦c k`-bpsS ImtXm-en-¡m-bpsS kl-I-c-W-t¯msS hmgn-¡-s¸-Sm¯ ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kns\ ae-¦c k` AwKo-I-cn-¡p-¶-X-sÃ¶v tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.

V (8) AtýmJym ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ Bßob ]c-am-[n-Im-cw ImtXm-en¡m hn`mKw tNmZyw sNbvXn-«n-Ã. At±-l-¯nsâ \nb-a\w X§Ä AwKo-I-cn-¡p-¶n-sÃ¶v Hcn-S¯pw XÀ¡n-¨n-«p-an-Ã. BI-am\ kp¶-l-tZmkv Ah-cpsS Imt\m³ apJm-ńcw ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kns\ \nb-an-¨p. BcmWv ]mXn-bÀ¡okv F¶-Xn-s\-¡p-dn¨v ae-¦c k` Hcp XÀ¡w D¶-bn-¡m-¯n-S-t¯mfw ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kns\ AhÀ AwKo-I-cn-¡p-¶n-Ãm-sb¶ ]iv\w Dïm-Ip-¶n-Ã. F¶mÂ CXv ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\v ae-¦c k`-bnÂ hnIm-cn-sbtbm aäv sshZn-I-sctbm hmgn-¡p-hm-\pÅ euIn-Im-[n-Imcw \ÂIp-¶n-Ã. (t]Pv 209)

V (9) ]mXn-bÀ¡okv 1934 `c-W-L-S\ A\p-k-cn¨v hÀ¯n-¡p-hm³ _m²y-Ø-\m-Wv. ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\v ae-¦c k`-bn-t·Â euIn-Im-[n-Imcw Hcn-¡-ep-an-Ã. 1995þtebpw aäv hn[n-I-fp-Sbpw ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ ae-¦c k`-bn-t·Â ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ Bßo-bm-[n-Im-chpw iq\y-X-bn-se-¯n-¡-gn-ªp. (t]Pv 209) C¡m-c-W-¯mÂ ImtXm-en-¡msb Adn-bn-¨-tijw ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\v Xsâ A[n-Imcw ]tbm-Kn-¡m-sa¶ hmZw sXäm-Wv (t]Pv 210)

V (10) Hcp hnip² A[n-Im-cn-bpsS taÂ asämcp hnip² A[n-Im-cn-bp-sS (One Primate over another Primate) Bßob tae-[n-Imcw F¶-Xp-sImïv Hcm-fnsâ A[n-Im-cs¯ CÃm-Xm-¡p-Itbm Iogm-¡p-Itbm F¶v AÀ°-an-Ã. A[n-Imc ssIam-ä-¯n-\p-ti-jhpw (1912 ImtXm-en¡m Øm]\w) AXnÀ¯n \nÀ®-b-¯n-\p-ti-jhpw (1958 kam-[m\ DS-¼Sn) _Ô-s¸« A[n-Im-cn-IÄ Bßo-bamtbm aäp-hn-[-¯ntem FX D¶-X-cm-bn-cp-¶mepw AhÀ A¨-S¡w ]men-¡p-hm\pw `c-W-]-tZ-i-§-

23

fp-sSbpw A[n-Im-c-¯nsâbpw ]cn-[n-¡p-ÅnÂ \n ¶p-sImïv ]hÀ¯n-¡p-hm\pw _m²y-Ø-cm-Wv. CXv k`-bpsS \ne-\nÂ¸n\pw icn-bmb `c-W-I-ao-I-c-W-¯n\pw AXy-´m-t]-£n-X-am-Wv. (t]Pv 210).

VI 1934 þse k`m `cWLS\ Hcp D`b k½X (Contract) DS-¼-Sntbm?

]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`m-K-¯nsâ hmZ-§Ä

VI (a) 1934 þse `c-W-L-S\ Hcp D`-b-k-½X DS-¼Sn Bb-Xn- \mÂ ImtXm-en¡m hn`mKw AtýmJym ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ ]c-am-[n-Imcw \ntj-[n-¡p-¶-Xp-hgn AXv C\n \ne-\nÂ¡p-¶tXm hmZn-Isf _Ôn-¡p-¶tXm AÃ. (t]Pv 210 þ 211). Hcn-¡Â AXv ewLn¨ ImtXm-en¡ hn`m-K-¯n\v C\n AXv Bi-bn-¡m-hp-¶-X-Ã. (t]Pv 210þ 211)

VI (b) ImtXm-en¡m hn`mKw ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kns\ AwKo-I-cn-¡m-¯-Xp-hgn 1995 þse hn[nbpw AhÀ ZpÀº-e-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. (t]Pv 213)

VI (c) kap-Zm-b-t¡kv (1958)þse ae-¦-c-k-`-bpsS s]mXp kz¯p-¡sf kw_-Ôn-¨m-bn-cp-¶-Xn-\mÂ Cu tIknÂ AXn\v ]k-àn-bn-Ã. (t]Pv 214)

tImS-Xn-bpsS Is>-¯-ep-IÄ

VI (1) 1934 þse `c-W-L-S\ A\p-k-cn¨v ImtXm-en-¡m-bnepw ae-¦c saXm-t¸m-eo-¯m-bnepw CS-hI saXm-t¸m-eo-¯m-bnepw \n£n-]vX-am-bn-cn-¡p¶ k`m `c-W-L-S\ ]ImcapÅ hnIm-cnsb AwKo-I-cn-¡msX kam-´-c-amb Hcp `c-W-kw-hn-[m\w ae-¦c k`-bnse ]Ån-I-fnÂ Dïm-¡-W-sa¶ ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`m-K-¯nsâ BK-l-amWv kÀÆ ]iv\-§fpsSbpw Imc-Ww. (t]Pv 211 þ 212)

VI (2) 1934 þse `c-W-L-S\ ImtXm-en¡m hn`mKw ewLn¨p F¶ Btcm-]Ww AwKo-I-cn-¡m-\m-hn-Ã. adn¨v ]mXn-

24

bÀ¡okv hn`mKw 1995 þse tImSXn hn[nbpw aäv tImSXn \S-]-Sn-Ifpw ewLn-¡p-I-bm-Wp-ïm-bn-«p-Å-Xv. (t]Pv 213)

VI (3) 1995 þse hn[n-¡p-tijw PÌnkv afo-a-Tnsâ \nco-£-W-¯nÂ hn[n \S-¯n¸p \S-¯p¶ ka-b-¯p-Xs¶ 2002 `c-W-L-S\bpïm¡n tImSXn hn[nbpw 1934 `c-W-L-S\bpw ewLn¨v ]tXyI hn`m-K-ap-ïm¡n ]Ån-I-fnÂ Ia-k-am-[m\ ]iv\-§Ä Dïm¡n kz¯p-¡Ä ssIh-i-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm³ ian¨v ]Ån-IÄ ]q«n¨ ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`m-K-amWv 1995 þse hn[n ZpÀº-e-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-Xv. (t]Pv 213 þ 214)

VI (4) k`m kz¯p-¡-fpsS D]-t`m-àm-¡Ä¡v `qcn-]-£-am-bmÂt]mepw k`-bpsS kz¯p-¡Ä kz´-am-¡p-hm³ km[n-¡p-I-bn-Ã. AXv F¶pw ae-¦c k`-bp-tS-Xmbn \ne-\nÂ¡pw. (t]Pv 214)

VI (5) kap-Zm-b-t¡kv hn[n-bnepw (1958) XpSÀ¶v 1995 þse kp]ow-tIm-SXn hn[n-bnepw 1934 þse `c-W-L-S\ km[y-X-bp-Å-Xmbn ]Jym-]n-¨n-«p-Å-Xn-\mÂ AXnÂ ]d-bp¶ ]Im-c-apÅ kz¯p-¡sf kw_-Ôn¨ ]p\À hnNm-cW C\n km²y-a-Ã. (t]Pv 215)

VI (6) ]Ån-I-fnÂ ]iv\-§Ä krjvSn-¨-Xn\v ImtXm-en¡m hn`m-K-s¯-¡mÄ IqSp-XÂ ]mXo-bÀ¡okv hn`m-K-s¯-bmWv Ipä-s¸-Sp-¯p-hm-\p-Å-Xv. AhÀ 1995 hn[nbpw Xocp-am-\-§fpw A\p-k-cn¨v \S-¶n-sÃ¶v amX-a-Ã, A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-Ãm¯ \ne-bnÂ ]Ån-I-fnÂ kz´-`-c-W-I-ao-I-c-W-§Ä¡v iTn-¡p-I-bpw sNbvXp. (t]Pv 215)

VII DS-¼-Sn-Ifpw 2002 þse `c-W-L-S-\bpw

VII (a) ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`m-K-¯nsâ hmZ-§Ä

a®-¯qÀ ]Ån-bpsS 1890 þse DS-¼-Snbpw tIme-t©cn ]Ån-bpsS 1913þse DS-¼-Snbpw cPn-ÌÀ sNbvXn-«p-Å-Xn- \mepw 1934 þse `c-W-L-S\ cPn-ÌÀ sNbvXn-«n-Ãm-¯-Xn- \mepw Cu ]Ån-IÄ 1934 þse `c-W-L-S-\-]-Imcw aÃ, DS-¼-Sn-IÄ apJm-ń-chpw AhÀ AwKo-I-cn-¡p¶ 2002þse `c-W-L-S\ ]Im-c-hp-amWv `cn-¡-s¸-tS-ï-Xv. tImSXn

25

hfsc hni-Z-ambn Cu hnjbw ]Tn-¡p-Ibpw Xmsg-¸-d-bp¶ hkvXp-¡-fnÂ F¯n-t¨-cp-Ibpw sNbvI.

VII (1.) 1934-þse `c-WL-S\ ae-¦-c-k-`-bnse FÃm ]Ån-IÄ¡pw _m[-I-am-Wv. AXnse 132-þmw hIp¸v ]Imcw `c-W-L-S-\-tbmSv tNÀ¨-bn-Ãm-¯Xpw A\p-Iq-e-a-Ãm-¯-Xp-ambn k`-bnepw CS-h-I-I-fnepw Dïm-bn-cn-¡m-hp¶ FÃm DS-¼-Sn-Ifpw DtZymK§fpw \S-¸p-Ifpw CXn-\mÂ ZpÀ_-e-s¸-Sp¯n d±m-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. F¶-Xn-\mÂ ae-¦ck`-bnse ]Ån-I-fpsS `c-W-¯n\v Hcp DS-¼-Snbpw _m[-I-a-Ã. (t]Pv 216).

VII (2) Hcp CS-h-I-¡m-c\pw ae-¦-c-k-`-bpsS AwK-ambn \nÂ ¡-W-sa-¶v \nÀ_-Ô-an-Ã. BÀ¡p-th-W-sa-¦nepw k`bv¡v ]pd-¯p-t]mbn asämcp kwL-S-\-bp-ïm-¡mw. ae-¦-c-k-`-bnÂ Xs¶ asämcp AtkmÊntb-j³ Dïm-¡p-hm³ ]mSn-Ãm-sb-t¶-bp-Åp. 2002 c-W-L-S\ ae-¦c k`-bnÂ A\p-h-Zn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã. (t]Pv 210).

VII (3) ae-¦c k` Hcp ]c-am-[n-Imc SÌv BWv. B SÌv F¶pw \ne-\nÂ¡pw. AXn\v Hcp `c-W-kw-hn-[m\w 1934-þse `c-W-L-S\ apJm-ńcw Dïv. kam-´-c-amb Hcp `c-W-kw-hn-[m\w ae-¦-c-k-`-bnÂ A\p-h-Zn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-X-Ã. (t]Pv 219)

VII (4). ae-¦c k` hn«p-t]mIp¶ bmsXmcp AwK-¯n\pw k`-bpsS Ømhc PwKa kz¯p-¡Ä k`m-[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS A\p-hm-Z-an-ÃmsX FSp-¯p-sImïpt]mIphm³ km[n-¡p-I-bn-Ã. (t]Pv 220)

VII (5.) hfsc hni-Z-ambn 1934-þse `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS hIp-¸p-IÄ hni-I-e\w sNbvXv tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯nb tijw Xmsg-¸-d-bp¶ Xocp-am-\-§-fnÂ tImSXn F¯n.

VII (6.) k`m kz¯p-¡Ä ssIImcyw sN¿p-hm³ k`m `c-W-L-S-\-bnÂ hyà-amb Iao-I-c-W-§Ä Dïv. (t]Pv 235)

VII (7) Hcp ]Ån-bnse \ne-hn-epÅ `qcn-]-£mw-K-§Ä¡p t]mepw k`m SÌn-\p-ÅnÂ \nÂ¡p¶hsc Ah-K-Wn-¨p-sImïv k`m kz¯p-¡Ä FSp-¯p-sImïpt]mIp hm³ km²y-a-Ã.

26

VII (8.) Hcp `qcn-]£ Xocp-am\ ]Imcw t]mepw BÀ¡pw k`m kz¯p-¡-fpsS DS-a-Ø-cm-Ip-hm³ km²y-a-Ã. Ah ae-¦c k` GXp e£y-¯n\v thïn Dïm-¡n-tbm AXn\p thïn Ønc-ambn \nÂ¡pw. (t]Pv 237).

VII (9) k`m `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS t`Z-K-Xn-sImïp t]mepw ae-¦c k`-bpsS kz¯p-¡Ä aämÀ¡pw ssIh-i-s¸-Sp-¯m- \mhn-Ã. (t]Pv 239)

VII (10) Bb-Xn-\mÂ 1890 setbm 1913 setbm DS-¼-Sn-I-tfm 2002se `c-W-L-S-\-tbm ae-¦c k`bv¡v _m[-I-a-Ã. (t]Pv 240)

VII (11) 1890 sebpw 1913 sebpw DS-¼-Sn-bnÂ ]qÀ®-ambpw tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯nb tijw (t]Pv 241-þ288) 7þmw \qäm-ïn-ep-ïmb ]Ån¡v 1913 se DS-¼Sn _m[-I-a-sÃ¶pw 1934-þse `c-W-L-S-\- 1959-þÂ Cu ]Ån AwKo-I-cn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\mepw 1934-þse c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 132-þmw hIp¸v ]Imchpw Cu DS-¼-Sn-IÄ ae-¦c k`-bnse Hcp ]Ån-IÄ¡pw _m[-I-a-Ãsb¶pw hy-à-am-¡p-¶p. (t]Pv 249, 254)

VII (12) DS¼Sn-I-fm-bn-cp-¶mepw 1934-þse `c-W-L-S-\-bm-bn-cp-¶mepw k`m `c-W-I-ao-I-c-W-¯n-\pÅ ]am-W-§-fmIbmÂ Ah-sbm¶pw cPn-ÌÀ sNt¿ï Bh-iy-an-Ã. GsX-¦nepw hkvXp-¡Ä ssIh-i-s¸-Sp-¯p-I-tbm Ib-hn-Ibw sN¿p¶ B[m-c-§-tfm AÃm-¯-Xn-\mÂ 1934 se `c-W-L-S\ cPn-ÌÀ sNt¿ï Bh-iy-an-Ã. AXv Hcp `c-W-kw-hn-[m\ Iao-I-cWw amX-am-Wv. (t]Pv 255)

VII (13) k`m `c-W-¯n\v Hcp ]am-Whpw cPn-ÌÀ sNt¿ï Bh-iy-an-Ã. Hcp SÌv cq]o-I-c-W-¯n\pÅ ]amWw cPn-ÌÀ sNt¿-ï-Xm-bn-cn-¡mw. F¶mÂ 1934 se `c-W-L-S\ t]mepÅ Hcp ]amWw cPn-ÌÀ sNt¿ï Bh-iy-an-Ã. (t]Pv 257)

27

VIII sk£³ 92 A\p-k-cn-¨pÅ ]pXnb `c-W-I-ao-I-cWw Bh-iy-tam ?

`c-W-I-ao-I-cW¯nsâ IqSp-XÂ kpK-a-am-b \S-¯n-¸n\pw `mhn-bnÂ SÌn-am-cpsS \nb-a-\-¯n\pw sk£³ 92 A\p-k-cn-¨pÅ ]pXnb Hcp SÌv BIvSv ]ÅnIÄ¡v _m[-I-am-¡p-hm³ tImSXn \nÀt±iw \ÂI-W-sa¶v ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`mKw hmZn-¨p. (t]Pv 263) F¶mÂ 1934 `c-W-L-S-\-bnÂ sk£³ 92 sImïv Dt±-in-¡p¶ FÃm `c-W-I-ao-I-c-W-§fpw DÄs¡mïncn-¡p-¶-Xn-\mÂ ae-¦-c-k`m `c-W-¯n\v asämc kwhn-[m-\hpw \nÀt±-in-t¡-ï-Xn-sÃ¶v tImSXn Xocp-am-\n-¨p. (t]Pv 264)

IX XmÂ¡m-enI Iao-I-c-W-§Ä XpS-c-W-tam ?

Ccp-hn-`m-K-§fpw X½nÂ kam-[m\ km[y-X ImWp-¶n-Ãm-¯-Xn-\mÂ hcn-t¡men skâv taco-kv ]Ån-bnÂ \S-¯-s¸-Sp¶Xp t]mse Ccp-hn-`m-K-¯n-sebpw hnIm-cn-amÀ¡v Ah-c-h-cpsS hnizm-k-¯n-\-\p-k-cn¨v IÀ½-§Ä A\p-jvTn-¡p-hm-\pÅ XmÂ¡m-enI Iao-I-c-W-§Ä XpS-cp-hm³ A\p-h-Zn-¡-W-sa¶v ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`mKw hmZn-¨p. F¶mÂ Htc ]Ån-bnÂ¯s¶ kam-ć `cW Iao-I-c-W-§Ä \S-¯p-hm³ A\p-h-Zn-¡p¶Xv \nb-a-]-c-ambn \ne-\nÂ¡p-¶-X-Ãm-¯-Xn-\mÂ AXv A\p-h-Zn-¡-s¸-Sm-hp-¶-X-sÃ¶v tImSXn hn[n-¨p. (t]Pv 265)

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1. Malankara Church is Episcopal in character to the extent it is so declared in the 1934 Constitution. The 1934 Constitution fully governs the affairs of the Parish Churches and shall prevail.

ae-¦c k`, 1934 þse `c-W-L-S-\-bnÂ ]J-ym-]n-¨n-«pffX F¸n-kvtIm- Â kz- m-h-ap-f-f-Xm-Wv. 1934 þse `c-W-L-S\ CS-hI¸ffn¡mc-y-§sf ]qÀ®-ambn \nb-ń-¡p-¶Xpw ( -cn-¡p-¶-Xpw) AXv Ømbn-bmbn \ne-\n-ev¡p-¶-Xp-am-Wv.

2) The decree in the 1995 judgment is completely in tune with the judgment. There is no conflict between the judgment and the decree.

1995 þse kp]ow tImSXn hn[n¯oÀ v ]qÀ®-ambpw B tIknse hn[n-\-ym-b- n\v A\p-kr-X-amWv; hn[n- oÀ¸pw (Un-In) hn[n-\-ym-bhpw (P-UvPvsaâv) X½nÂ `n¶-X-bn-Ã.

3) The 1995 judgment arising out of the representative suit is binding and operates as resjudicata with respect to the matters it has decided, in the wake of provisions of Order 1 Rule 8 and Explanation 6 to section 11 CPC. The same binds not only the parties named in the suit but all those who have interest in the Malankara Church. Findings in earlier representative suit, i.e., Samudayam suit are also binding on Parish Churches/Parishioners to the extent issues have been decided.

]mXn-\n-[y kz-`m-h-t¯msS \S-¯nb tIkn-ep-ïm-b- 1995 þse kp]ow tImSXn hn[n-, CXnÂ \nivNbn¨n«pÅ Imc-y-§fnÂ dkvPq-Un-t¡äm F¶ \ne-bnÂ, ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-¡-s -«-hsc _Ôn-¡p-¶Xpw \S- m-Ip-¶-Xp-am-Wv. knhnÄ \S-]Sn \nbaw H¶mw D -chv F«mw N«hpw 11-þmw hIp- nse 6þmw hni-Zo-I-c-Whpw

taÂ¸dª hni-I-e-\-§-fpsS ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ F¯n-tNÀ¶ \nK-a-\-§-fpsS

kw£n]vX cq]w Xmsg sImSp-¡p¶p

29

ChnsS ]k-à-am-Wv. Cu hn[n, tIknÂ I£n-I-fmbn ]d-ªn-«p-f-f-hÀ¡v amX-a-Ã, adn v, ae-¦c k -bnse FÃm Xev]-c-I-£n-IÄ¡pw _m[-I-am-Wv. ap¼p-ïm-b, ]mXn-\n-[-y-k-z- m-h-t¯m-sS-bp-f-f, kap-Zm-b-t¡-knÂ ssIs¡m-ïn-«p-f-fn-S-t¯mfw XÀ¡ hnj-b-§-fnse Xocp-am-\-§Ä, ]f-fn-I-tfbpw CS-h-Imw-K-§-sfbpw _Ôn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv.

4) As the 1934 Constitution is valid and binding upon the Parish Churches, it is not open to any individual Church, to decide to have their new Con-stitution like that of 2002 in the so-called exercise of right under Articles 25 and 26 of the Constitution of India. It is also not permissible to create a parallel system of management in the churches under the guise of spiritual supremacy of the Patriarch.

1934 þse `c-W-L-S\ km[p-hm-Wv; CS-h-I-¸-f-fn-Isf _Ôn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv. C¡m-c-W-¯mÂ, C³U-y³ `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 25, 26 A\p-tÑ-Z-§Ä \ÂIp¶ Ah-Im-i-§-fpsS ]tbmKw F¶p ]dªp sImïv Hcp ]f-fn¡pw Ah-cpsS 2002 þse ]pXnb `c-W-L-S\ t]mep-ff `c-W-L-S-\-bp-ïm-I-W-sa¶p \nÝ-bn-¡m-hp-¶-X-Ã. ]mXo-bÀ¡o-knsâ Bßob taÂt¡m-bva-bpsS ad-hnÂ ]f-fn-I-fnÂ kam- c cW kwhn-[m\w Dïm-¡pI F¶Xpw A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-Ã.

5) The Primate of Orthodox Syrian Church of the East is Catholicos. He en-joys spiritual powers as well, as the Malankara Metropolitan. Malankara Metropolitan has the prime jurisdiction regarding temporal, ecclesiastical and spiritual administration of Malankara Church subject to the riders provided in the 1934 Constitution.

]uc-kvXy HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm\n k`-bpsS ]c-am-²-y-£³ ImtXm-en-¡m-bm-Wv. ae-¦c saXm-t¸m-eo¯ F¶ \ne- bnÂ Bßo-bm-[n-Im-c-§fpw At±-lw hln-¡p-¶p. ae-¦c k -bpsS euIn-I-hpw, sshZn-I-hpw, Bßo-b-hp-amb c-W- nsâ ][m\ `mc-hm-ln-Xzw, 1934 þse `c-W-L-S-\bv¡v hnt[-b-ambn, ae-¦c saXmt¸meo- m-bv¡p-f-f-Xm-Wv.

6) Full effect has to be given to the finding that the spiritual power of the Patriarch has reached to a vanishing point. Consequently, he cannot in-terfere in the governance of Parish Churches by appointing Vicar, Priests, Deacons, Prelates (High Priests) etc. and thereby cannot create a parallel system of administration. The appointment has to be made as per the

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power conferred under the 1934 Constitution on the concerned Diocese, Metropolitan etc.

]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ Bßo-bm-[n-Imcw A]-X-y-£-am-Ip¶ _nµp-hn-se- n-sb¶ tImS-Xn-bpsS Isï- -en\v kÀÆ-i-ànbpw \ÂtI-ïn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. CXnsâ e-ambn, ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\v ]f-fn-I-fpsS `c-W-Im-c-y- nÂ CS-s]-Sm-hp-¶-XÃ; hnIm-cn-am-scbpw sshZn-I-sc bpw si½m-i-·m-scbpw saXm-·m-scbpw \nb-an-¡m-hp-¶-X-Ã. Cu \nb-a-\-§Ä, 1934 þse c-W-L-S\ ]Im-cw, _Ô-s¸« Zm-k-\-§Ä, saXm-t¸m-eo- -amÀ XpS-§n-b-h-cnÂ\n£n-]vX-am-Wv.

7) Though it is open to the individual member to leave a Church in exercise of the right not to be a member of any Association and as per Article 20 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the Parish Assembly of the Church by majority or otherwise cannot decide to move church out of the Malankara Church. Once a trust, is always a trust

Hcp k`mw-K- n\p k` hn«p t]mImw. GXp kwL-S-\-bp-sSbpw AwK-Xzw thsï¶v sh¡m-\p-ff A-hImi¯n\pwBtKmf a\p-j-ym-h-Imi ]J-ym-]-\- nsâ 20-þmw A\p-tÑ-Z- n\pw A\p-kr-X-am-Wn-Xv. F¶mÂ Hcp ]f-fn-bpsS CS-hI s]mXp-tbm-K- n\v `qcn-]£ Xocp-am-\-]-Im-ctam AÃm-sXtbm ae-¦c k` hn«p-am-dp-hm³ Xocp-am-\n-¡m-hp-¶-X-Ã. Hcn-¡Â SÌp-ïm-bmÂ AXv F¡m-ehpw \ne-\nÂ¡pw.

8) When the Church has been created and is for the benefit of the benefi-ciaries, it is not open for the beneficiaries, even by a majority, to usurp its property or management. The Malankara Church is in the form of a trust in which, its properties have vested. As per the 1934 Constitution, the Parishioners though may individually leave the Church, they are not permitted to take the movable or immovable properties out of the ambit of 1934 Constitution without the approval of the Church hierarchy.

Hcp k` cq]o-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw AXv AXnsâ KpW-t`m-àm-¡-fpsS sa - n\p thïn-bm-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-t¼mÄ, ]kvXpX KpW-t`m-àm-¡Ä¡v, `qcn-]-£-t¯m-sS-bm-bmÂ t]mepw, AXnsâ hkvXp-¡fpw `c-Whpw ssI¸n-Sn-bm-em-¡p-hm³ Ign-bp-¶-X-Ã. ae¦c k` Hcp SÌnsâ cq]- n-ep-f-f-Xm-Wv. SÌn-emWv AXnsâ hkvXp-¡Ä \n£n]vX-am-Ip-¶-Xv. 1934 þse `c-W-L-S-\-]-Im-cw, CS-h-Imw-K-§Ä¡p Hä-bvs¡m-äbv¡v k` hn«p t]mImw. F¶mÂ k`m-[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS AwKo-Im-c-an-ÃmsX 1934 þse c-W-L-S-\-bpsS ]cn-[n¡p shfn-bnÂ k -bpsS kvYm-h-c-Pw-Ka kz- p-¡Ä FSp-

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¯p-sImïp-t]mIphm³ A\p-h-Zn-¡-s -«n-«n-Ã. 9) The spiritual power of Patriarch has been set up by the appellants clearly

in order to violate the mandate of the 1995 judgment of this Court which is binding on the Patriarch, Catholicos and all concerned.

]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\pw ImtXm-en-¡mbv¡pw _Ô-s¸« FÃm-hÀ¡pw _m[-I-amb 1995 þse tImSXn hn[n-bnse BÚ-IÄ ewLn-¡p-¶-Xn-\mWv A¸oÂhm-Zn-IÄ ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ u-Xo-Im-[n-Im-c-§Ä DbÀ¯n- n-Sn-¡p-¶Xv F¶Xv hy-à-am-Wv.

10) As per the historical background and the practices which have been noted, the Patriarch is not to exercise the power to appoint Vicar, Priests, Deacons, Prelates etc. Such powers are reserved to other authorities in the Church hierarchy. The Patriarch, thus, cannot be permitted to exercise the power in violation of the 1934 Constitution to create a parallel system of administration of Churches as done in 2002 and onwards.

Ncn-X-]-Ým- -ehpw ]n´p-SÀ¶v t]m¶ \S-]SnIa-§fpw ]Im-cw, ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn-\v, hnIm-cn-amÀ, sshZnIÀ, si½m-i-·mÀ, taev]-«-¡mÀ XpS§n-b-hsc \nb-an-¡m-\p-ff A[n-Im-cw ]-tbm-Kn¡mhp¶XÃ. C¯cw A[n-Im-c-§Ä k -bpsS A[n-Im-c-ti-Wn-bn-ep-ff aäv A[n-Im-cn-IÄ¡pam-X-ambn amänh¨n-«p-f-f-Xm-Wv. AXp-sImïv 2002 þepw XpSÀ¶pw sNbvX-Xp-t]mse, ]ÅnIfnÂ kam- -c- -cW kwhn-[m\w krjvSn-¡p-¶-Xn-\mbn 1934 þse `c-W-L-S\ ewLn¨p sImïv A[n-Imcw hn\n-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶Xn\v ]mXn-bÀ¡okns\ A\p-h-Zn-¡m-hp-¶-X-Ã.

11) This Court has held in 1995 that the unilateral exercise of such power by the Patriarch was illegal. The said decision has also been violated. It was only in the alternative this Court held in the 1995 judgment that even if he has such power, he could not have exercised the same unilaterally which we have explained in this judgment.

GI-]-£o-b-amb, taÂ]-dª, ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ A[n-Im-c-]-tbm-K-§Ä \nb-a-hn-cp-²-am-sW¶v 1995 þÂ Cu tImSXn hn[n- -Xm-Wv. Cu hn[nbpw ewLn- n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. R§Ä Cu hn[n \ym-b¯nÂ hni-Zo-I-cn- n-«p-f-f-]-Im-cw, ]£m- -c-ambn amX-am-Wv, 1995 þse hn[n-bnÂ, ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\v A[n-Im-c-ap-sï-¦nÂXs¶ AXp ]t-bm-Kn-¡m³ Ign-bp-¶-X-Ãm-sb¶p Xocp-am\w ssIs¡m-ï-Xv.

12) It is open to the Parishioners to believe in the spiritual supremacy of Patri-

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arch or apostolic succession but it cannot be used to appoint Vicars, Priests, Deacons, Prelates etc. in contravention of the 1934 Constitution.

CShImwK-§Ä¡v ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ Bßob -tae²-y-£-X-bnepw At¸m-kvtXm-enI ]n´p-SÀ -bnepw hni-zm-k-aÀ¸n-¡m³ kzm-X- -y-ap-ïv. F¶mÂ AXv 1934 þse `c-W-L-S\ AXn-ew-Ln v, hnIm-cn-amÀ, sshZnIÀ, si½m-i-·mÀ, taÂ -«-¡mÀ XpS-§n-b-h-cpsS \nb-a-\-§Ä \S- p-¶-Xn-\mbn D]tbm-Kn-¡p-hm³ km²-y-a-Ã.

13) Malankara Church is Episcopal to the extent as provided in the 1934 Constitution, and the right is possessed by the Diocese to settle all internal matters and elect their own Bishops in terms of the said Constitution.

ae-¦c k`, 1934 þse `c-W-L-S-\-bnÂ ]d-bp-¶X F¸n-kvt¡m-¸-em-Wv. CXn-\mÂ taev]-dª `c-W-L-S-\-bnse hy -h -Ø-IÄ ]men¨p -sImïv `Zm -k-\ -§Ä¡v FÃm B`-y-ć Imc-y-§-fnepw Xocp-am-\w sN¿m-\-h-Im-i-ap-f-f Xpw `Zm-k-\-§Ä¡mbn saXm-·msc sXc-sª-Sp-¡m-hp-¶-Xp-am-Wv.

14) Appointment of Vicar is a secular matter. There is no violation of any of the rights encompassed under Articles 25 and 26 of the Constitution of India, if the appointment of Vicar, Priests, Deacons, Prelates (High Priests) etc. is made as per the 1934 Constitution. The Patriarch has no power to interfere in such matters under the guise of spiritual supremacy unless the 1934 Constitution is amended in accordance with law. The same is binding on all concerned.

hnIm-cn-am-cpsS \nb-a\w euInI hnj-b-am-Wv.1934 þse `c-W-L-S\ ]Imcw, hnIm-cn-amÀ, si½m-i-·mÀ, saXm·mÀ XpS-§n-b-hsc \nb-an-¡p-¶-Xp-aq-ew, C´-y³ `c-W-L-S-\ 25, 26 A\p-tO-Z§Ä hn`m-h\w sN¿p¶ GsX-¦nepw Ah-Im-i-§-fpsS ewL\w Dïm-Ip-¶n-Ã. Bßobtae-²-y -£-X-bpsS ad-]n-Sn¨v taev]-dª Imc-y-§-fnÂ CS-s]-Sp-hm³ ]mXnbÀ¡o-kn\v A[n-Im-c-an-Ã. adn- m-I-W-sa-¦nÂ \nb-am-\p-krXw 1934 þse c-W-L-S\ t`Z-KXn sNt¿-ï-Xp-ïv. Cu ØnXn _Ô-s -«-hÀs¡Ãmw _m[-I-am-Wv.

15) Udampadis do not provide for appointment of Vicar, Priests, Deacons, Prelates etc. Even otherwise once the 1934 Constitution has been adopted, the appointment of Vicar, Priests, Deacons, Prelates (high priests) etc. is to

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be as per the 1934 Constitution. It is not within the domain of the spiritual right of the Patriarch to appoint Vicar, Priests etc. The spiritual power also vests in the other functionaries of Malankara Church.

hnIm-cn-amÀ, sshZn-IÀ , si½m-i-·mÀ, taev]-«-¡mÀ XpS-§n-b-h-cpsS \nb-a\w kw_-Ôn v (tI-knÂ lmP-cm-¡nb tIme-t©cn ]f-fn-bp-sS) DS-¼-Sn-IÄ bmsXm¶pw hy-hØ sN¿p-¶n-Ã. adn- m-bm-epw, Hcn-¡Â 1934 þse `c-W-L-S\ kzo-I-cn- n-cp-¶mÂ, Cu `c-W-L-S\ ]Im-c-am-bn-cn-¡Ww hnIm-cn-amÀ, sshZnIÀ, si½m-i-·mÀ, taev]-«-¡mÀ XpS-§n-b-h-cpsS \nb-a-\-§Ä \S-t -ïXv. Cu \nb-a-\-§Ä ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ Bßob Ah-Im-i-§-fpsS ]cn-[n-bnÂ hcp-¶-X-Ã. Bßob A[n-Im-c-§Ä ae-¦c k -bnse aäv `c-W-IÀ¯m-¡-fnepw \n£n-]vX-am-Wv.

16) The functioning of the Church is based upon the division of responsibilities at various levels and cannot be usurped by a single individual howsoever high he may be. The division of powers under the 1934 Constitution is for the purpose of effective management of the Church and does not militate against the basic character of the church being Episcopal in nature as mandated thereby. The 1934 Constitution cannot be construed to be op-posed to the concept of spiritual supremacy of the Patriarch of Antioch. It cannot as well, be said to be an instrument of injustice or vehicle of oppression on the Parishioners who believe in the spiritual supremacy of the Patriarch.

hnhn-[-X-e-§-fnÂ Npa-X-e-IÄ hn`m-Kn- mWv k -bpsS cWw \S¯p¶-Xv. Hcp hy-àn-¡v, AbmÄ FX-Xs¶ D¶-X-\m-bm-epw, Cu `c-W-coXn IhÀs¶-Sp-¡m-hp-¶-XÃ. 1934 þse `c-W-L-S-\-bn-ep-ff Npa-Xehn -P\w k -bpsS Imc-y-£-a-amb `c-W- n-\p-th-ïn-bm-Wv. `c-W-L-S-\-bnse CXp kw_-Ôn¨ \nÝ-b-§Ä k` F¸n-kvtIm- Â kz- m-h-ap-f-f-Xm-sW¶ ASn-Øm-\-X-X-z- n\v FXn-c-Ã. At´-ym-Iym]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ Bßob tae²-y-£X F¶ k¦-ev]- n\v FXn-cm-bmWv 1934 þse `c-W-L-S\ F¶p hym-J-ym-\n-¡- -¡-X-Ã. AtX-t]m-se, CXv Hcp A\oXn \nd¨ kmaKntbm ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ Bßob tae-²-y-£-X-bnÂ hni-zm-k-aÀ¸n¨ CS-h-Imw-K-§sf ASn- -aÀ¯p-¶-Xn-\p-ff D]m-[ntbm BIn-Ã.

17) The Church and the Cemetry cannot be confiscated by anybody. It has to remain with the Parishioners as per the customary rights and nobody can be deprived of the right to enjoy the same as a Parishioner in the Church

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or to be buried honourably in the cemetery, in case he continues to have faith in the Malankara Church. The property of the Malankara Church in which is also vested the property of the Parish Churches, would remain in trust as it has for the time immemorial for the sake of the beneficiaries and no one can claim to be owners thereof even by majority and usurp the Church and the properties.

]f-fn-tbm, skan-t¯-cn-tbm BÀ¡pw ]nSns¨-Sp-¡m-hp-¶-X-Ã. ]pcm-X\- BNm-c-]-Imcw \ne\n¶p-t]m-¶t]mse ]kvXpX Ah-Im-i-t¯msS, CXv CS-h-Imw-K-§-fnÂ \ne-\nÂt¡-ï-Xm-Wv. ae-¦c k`m hni-zm-k- nÂ XpS-cp-¶n-S-t¯m-fw, Hcp CS-hImwKw Cu Ah-Im-i-§Ä A\p- -hn-¡p-¶-Xns\ BÀ¡pw \ntj-[n-¡m-hp-¶-X-Ã; skan-t -cn-bnÂ am\-y-ambn kwkv¡-cn-¡-s -Sm-\p-ff Ah-Im-is¯ l\n-¡m-hp-¶-Xp-a-Ã. ae-¦c k`m hkvXp-¡-fpw, AXn-epÄs -«Xpw AXnÂ \n£n-]vX-am-b-Xp-amb CS-h-I- -f-fn-I-fpsS kz- p-¡fpw, AXnsâ KpW-t`m-àm-¡-fpsS sa - n-\m-bn, ]pcm-X\-Imew apXÂ \ne-\n-¶ph-cp-¶-Xp-t]m-se, taenepw Hcp SÌmbn \ne-\n-ev¡p-¶-Xm-Wv. AXnsâ DS-a-IÄ X§-sf¶v qcn-]-£- nsâ ASn-Øm-\- nÂ t]mepw BÀ¡pw Ah-Im-i-hmZw DbÀ¯m-hp-¶-X-Ã. `qcn-]-£- n\pw CXp km²-y-a-Ã; BÀ¡pw ]f-fntbm k-z- p-¡tfm It¿-dm-hp-¶-Xp-a-Ã.

18) The faith of Church is unnecessarily sought to be divided vis-à-vis the office of Catholicos and the Patriarch as the common faith of the Church is in Jesus Christ. In fact an effort is being made to take over the man-agement and other powers by raising such disputes as to supremacy of Patriarch or Catholicos to gain control of temporal matters under the garb of spirituality. There is no good or genuine cause for disputes which have been raised.

k`-bpsS kzm-`m-hnI s]mXp-hn-i-zmkw tbip-In-kvXp-hn-em- Wv. CXv ImtXm-en-t¡m-knsâbpw ]mXo-bÀ¡o-knsâbpw A[n-Im-c-¯n-sâ t]cnÂ, A\m-h-i-y-ambn hn`-Pn-¡m³ ian-¡p-I-bm-Wv. `c-Whpw aäv A[n-Im-c-§fpw ]nSn-s¨-Sp-¡p-hm³ bYmÀ°-¯nÂ Hcp iaw \S¯n hcp-¶p. CXn-\mbn B[-ym-ßn-I-X-bpsS ad-hnÂ uXn-I-amb Imc-y-§-fnÂ B[n-]-Xyw Dd- n-¡phm³ ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâbpw ImtXm-en-t¡m-knsâbpw tae-²-y-£X kw_-Ôn¨v XÀ¡-§Ä Dïm-¡p-I-bm-Wv. Cu XÀ¡-§Ä¡v Fs -¦nepw \ÃtXm bYmÀYtam Bb Imc-W-§-fn-Ã.

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19) The authority of Patriarch had never extended to the government of tem-poralities of the Churches. By questioning the action of the Patriarch and his undue interference in the administration of Churches in violation of the 1995 judgment, it cannot be said that the Catholicos faction is guilty of repudiating the spiritual supremacy of the Patriarch. The Patriarch faction is to be blamed for the situation which has been created post 1995 judgment. The property of the Church is to be managed as per the 1934 Constitution. The judgment of 1995 has not been respected by the Patri-arch faction which was binding on all concerned. Filing of writ petitions in the High Court by the Catholicos faction was to deter the Patriarch/his representatives to appoint the Vicar etc. in violation of the 1995 judgment of this Court.

]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ A[n-Imcw ]f-fn-bpsS ùXnI `c-W-Im-c-y-§-fn-te¡v Hcn-¡epw hym-]-cn- n-«nÃ. 1995 þse hn[n-\-ym-bs¯ ewLn- v ]f-fn-¡m-c-y-§-fnÂ, ]mXn-bÀ¡okv \S- nb A\Àl-amb CS-s]-S-ep-I-sf-bpw ]hÀ¯n-I-sfbpw tNmZyw sN¿p-¶-Xn-eqsS ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ Bßob]c-am-[n-Im-cs¯ ImtXm-en-t¡mkv hn`mKw \ntj-[n-¡p¶p F¶p ]d-bm-\m-hnÃ. 1995 þse hn[n¡v tijw krjvSn-¡-s¸« Ah-Øbv¡v ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`m-Ks¯ Ipä-s -Sp-t -ïn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. ]f-fn-bpsS kz- p-¡Ä 1934 þse `c-W-L-S\ ]Imcw `cn-¡s¸SïXm-Wv. _Ô-s¸« FÃm-hÀ¡pw _m[-I-amb 1995 þse hn[nsb ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`m-Kw_lp-am-\n- n-«n-Ã. sslt¡m-S-Xn-bnÂ ImtXm-en¡m ]£w ^bÂ sNbvX dn«v lÀPn-IÄ, ]mXn-bÀ¡okpw (A-t±-l- nsâ A\p-bm-bn-I-fpw) 1995 þse hn[n ewLn v hnImcn apX-em-b-hsc \nb-an-¡p-¶-Xns\ XS-bp-¶-Xn-\p-th-ïn-bm-bn-cp-¶p.

20) The 1934 Constitution is enforceable at present and the plea of its frustration or breach is not available to the Patriarch faction. Once there is Malankara Church, it has to remain as such including the property. No group or de-nomination by majority or otherwise can take away the management or the property as that would virtually tantamount to illegal interference in the management and illegal usurpation of its properties. It is not open to the beneficiaries even by majority to change the nature of the Church, its property and management. The only method to change management is to amend the Constitution of 1934 in accordance with law. It is not open to the Parish Churches to even frame bye-laws in violation of the provisions of the 1934 Constitution.

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1934 þse c-W-L-S\ Ct¸mÄ \S- n-em-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. AXn-s\-Xn-sc-bp-ff XÀ¡-§fpw XS-Ê-§fpw ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`m-K- n\v DbÀ¯m-hp¶ Xc- n-ep-f-f-h-b-Ã. ae-¦c k -bp-f-fn-S-t¯m-fw, kz- p-¡Ä kln-Xw, X\n-a-tbmsS H¶m-sI-bmWp k` \ne\n-evt¡-ï-Xv. Hcp Kq¸n-t\m LS-I- n-t\m, `qcn-]-£-]-Im-c-tam AÃm-sX-tbm, kz- p-¡tfm c-Wtam ssI¡-em-¡p-hm³ km²-y- a-Ã. F´p-sIm-sï-¶mÂ, AXv k -bpsS `c-W-Im-c-y-§-fnse XnI¨pw \nb-a-hn-cp-²-amb ssII-S- -emIpw; hkvXp-¡-fn-t·Â I¿q-¡p-sImïpff It¿-ä-am-Ipw. k -bpsS kz- m-h- nt\m AXn sâ hkvXp-¡Ät¡m `c-W- nt\m amäw hcp- p-hm³ KpW-t`m-àm-¡Ä¡v, `qcn-]-£-ap-sï-¦nÂ t]mepw, km[n-¡p-¶-X-Ã. \nb-am-\p-krXw 1934 þse c-W-L-S\ t`Z-KXn sN¿p-I-am-X-amWv `c-W-Iaw amäp-hm-\p-ff GI-D-]m-[n. 1934 þse `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS hy-h-Ø-IÄ¡v hncp-²-ambn CS-h-I- -f-fn-IÄ¡v ss_tem-IÄ t]mepw Dïm-¡- -¡-X-Ã.

21) The Udampadies of 1890 and 1913 are with respect to administration of Churches and are not documents of the creation of the Trust and are not of utility at present and even otherwise cannot hold the field containing provisions inconsistent with the 1934 Constitution, as per section 132 thereof. The Udampady also cannot hold the field in view of the authori-tative pronouncements made by this Court in the earlier judgments as to the binding nature of the 1934 Constitution.

1890, 1913 hÀj-§-fnse DS-¼-Sn-IÄ ]f-fn-I-fpsS `cWw kw_-Ôn- m-Wv; Ah SÌv cq]o-I-cW ]am-W§Ä AÃ. Ahbv¡v Ct¸mÄ D]-tbm-K-an-Ãm-Xmbn. adn- m-bm-epw, 1934 þse `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 132-þmw hIp v ]Im-cw, `c-W-L-S-\bv¡v FXn-cm-bp-ff XX-z-§Ä DÄs¡m-f-fp¶ DS¼-Sn-IÄ `c-W-Im-c-y-£-a-Xbpff-Xm-In-Ã. IqSm-sX, 1934 þse `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS ]tbm-K-£aX Cu tImS-Xn-bpsS B[n-Im-cn-I-amb hn[n-I-fn-eqsS ssIh-¶-Xnsâ shfn- - nepw Cu DS-¼-Sn-IÄ¡v ]m_-e-y-an-Ã.

22) The 1934 Constitution does not create, declare, assign, limit or extinguish, whether in present or future any right, title or interest, whether vested or contingent in the Malankara Church properties and only provides a system of administration and as such is not required to be registered. In any case, the Udampadis for the reasons already cited, cannot supersede the 1934 Constitution only because these are claimed to be registered.

1934 þse c-W-L-S-\, ae-¦c k -bpsS hkvXp-¡-fnÂ, \ne-hn-tem

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`mhn-bntem Df-f Øm]n-Xtam hy-h-Ø-IÄ¡v hnt[-b-am-btXm Bb, Ah-Im-itam DS-a-Ø-X-tbm Xmev]-c-ytam, krjvSn-¡p-Itbm ]J-ym-]n-¡p-Itbm ssIam-dp-Itbm ]cn-an-X-s -Sp- p-Itbm CÃm-Xm-¡p-Itbm sN¿p-¶n-Ã; Hcp `c-W-kw-hn-[m-\-ap-ïm-¡p-I- am-X-amWv sN¿p-¶-Xv. AXp-sImïp Xs¶ Cu `c-W-L-S\ cPn-ÌÀ sNt¿ï Bh-i-y-an-Ã. DS-¼-Sn-IÄ cPn-ÌÀ sNbvX-XmWv F¶-h-Im-i-s -Sp-¶-Xp-sImïp amXw, GXp \ne-bn-epw, taev]-dª Imc-W-§-fmÂ, 1934 þse `c-W-L-S-\sb DS-¼-Sn-IÄ adn-I-S-¡p-¶-X-Ã.

23) In otherwise Episcopal church, whatever autonomy is provided in the Constitution for the Churches is for management and necessary expenditure as provided in section 22 etc.

aäp-X-c- nÂ F¸n-kvt¡m- -emb k -bnÂ ]f-fn-IÄ¡v FX-t¯mfw kz-bw- -cWw c-W-L-S\ \ÂIn-bn-«p-tïm, AXv 22-þmw hIp- nÂ ]d-bp¶ `c-W- n\pw AX-ym-h-iy sNe-hp-IÄ¡pw thïn-bm-Wv.

24) The formation of 2002 Constitution is the result of illegal and void exer-cise. It cannot be recognized and the parallel system created thereunder for administration of Parish Churches of Malankara Church cannot hold the field. It has to be administered under the 1934 Constitution.

2002 þse `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS cq]o-I-cWw \nb-a-hn-cp-²hpw Akm[php-amb \S-]-Sn-I-fpsS ê-am-bp-f-f-Xm-Wv. AXv AwKo-I-cn-¡m-\m-hn-Ã. ae-¦c k -bnse ]f-fn-I-fpsS kam- c `c-W-¯n-\p-ff kwhn-[m-\-ambn AXns\ IW-¡m-¡m-\p-am-hn-Ã. 1934 þse `c-W-L-S-\-]-I-c-amWv ]f-fn-IÄ `cWw \S-t -ï-Xv.

25) It was not necessary, after amendment of the plaint in Mannathur Church matter, to adopt the procedure once again of representative suit under Order 1 Rule 8 CPC. It remained a representative suit and proper procedure has been followed. It was not necessary to obtain fresh leave.

a®- qÀ ]f-fn-t¡-knÂ A\-ymbw t`Z-KXn sNbvXXp sImïv amXw, knhnÄ \S-]Sn \nbaw H¶mw D -chv 8þmw N« ]Imcw ]mXn-\n-[y hy-h-lmc-sa¶ \ne-bnÂ ^bÂ sNbvX A\-ym-b- n-\v, Hcp Xh-W-IqSn ]mXn-\n-[y \S-]-Sn-IÄ ssIs¡m-tf-fï Bh-i-y-an-Ã. ]mXn-\n-[y A\-ym-b-ambn \ne-\n-¶Xm-Wn-Xv. CXn-\m-h-i-y-amb \S-]-Sn-I-a-§Ä ssIs¡m-ï-Xp-am-Wv. hoïpw tImSXn A\p-hmZw hmt§ï Bh-i-y-an-Ã.

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26) The 1934 Constitution is appropriate and adequate for management of the Parish Churches, as such there is no necessity of framing a scheme under section 92 of the CPC.

1934 þse `c-W-L-S\ CS-h-I-¸-f-fn-I-fpsS `c-W-¯n-\-\p tbm-P-yhpw aXn-bm-b-Xp-am-Wv. AXn-\mÂ knhnÄ \S-]Sn \nbaw 92-þmw hIp v ]Imcw Hcp kvIow ( -c-W-kw-hn-[m-\w) cq]o-I-cn-t¡-ï Bh-i-y-an-Ã.

27) The plea that in face of the prevailing dissension between the two factions and the remote possibility of reconciliation, the religious services may be permitted to be conducted by two Vicars of each faith cannot be accepted as that would amount to patronizing parallel systems of administration.

cïp hn`m-K-§fpw X½nÂ n¶X \ne-\n-ev¡p-¶-Xn-\mepw cïp hn`m-K-§Ä X½n-ep-ff H¯pXoÀ¸n-\p-ff km²-yX hfsc hnc-f-am-b-Xn-\mepw Hmtcm hni-zm-k- nepw \nev¡p¶ Hmtcm hnIm-cn-amsc ipiq-j-IÄ \S- m³ A\p-h-Zn-¡-W-sa¶ At]-£, kzo-I-cn¡-

-¡-XÃ; ImcWw, CXv kam- c `c-W-kw-hn-[m-\- n\v ]cn t]m-jWw \ÂIp-¶-Xm-Ipw.

28) Both the factions, for the sake of the sacred religion they profess and to preempt further bickering and unpleasantness precipitating avoidable institutional degeneration, ought to resolve their differences if any, on a common platform if necessary by amending the Constitution further in accordance with law, but by no means, any attempt to create parallel systems of administration of the same Churches resulting in law and order situations leading to even closure of the Churches can be accepted.

cïp hn`m-K-§-fpw, AhÀ hni-z-kn-¡p¶ hnip² aX-¯nsâ \·-¡mbn, X§-fpsS A`n-]mb `n¶-X, A§s\ Fs -¦n-ep-ap-sï-¦nÂ, Hcp s]mXp thZn-bnÂ ]cn-l-cn-t¡-ï-Xm-Wv. Hgn-hm¡n FSp-¡m-hp-¶Xpw k`sb¯s¶ PoÀ®n- n-¡p-¶-Xp-amb ØnXn kwPm-X-am-¡p-¶, taen-ep-ff Ie-lhpw Ak-am-[m-\hpw CÃm-Xm-¡p-¶-Xn-\v CXm-h-i-y-am-Wv. AX-ym-h-i-y-sa-¦nÂ, \nb-am-\p-krXw `c-W-L-S\ t`Z-K-Xn-sN-¿-Ww. F¶mÂ ]f-fn-IÄ AS- n-tSï ØnXnhsc F¯n-¡p¶ Iakam-[m\ ]iv\-§-fn-te¡p \bn-¡p¶ kam- c `c-W-coXn krjvSn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-ff Hcp iahpw, bmsXmcp Imc-W-h-imepw AwKo-I-cn-¡m-\m-hn-Ã.

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C³Uy-bpsS ]c-am-[n-Imc \oXn-\ym-b-]o-T-amb kp]ow- tIm-SXn amÀt¯m½m-Ço-lm-bpsS HmÀ½-Zn-h-k-amb 2017 Pqsse 3þmw XobXn tXm½m-Çolm F.-Un. 52-þÂ Øm]n¨ ae-¦-c-k-`-bpsS kzmX-ýhpw X\n-abpw kv]jvS-am-¡n-s¡mïp \evInb hn[n ae-¦c k`ma¡-fpsS A`n-am-\-am-Wv. Bcpw ]Xo-£n-¡m¯ Cu Znhk¯nÂ ae-¦-c-k-`-bpsS kÀÆ-kzm-Xýw Ac-¡n-«p-d-¸n¨p In«nb Cu hn[n Hcp ssZh-\n-tbmKw Xs¶. hn[n-bpsS A´-xk-¯-bnÂ Du¶Â sImSp-¯n-«pÅ ASn-Øm\ kXy-§-fmWv ChnsS ]cm-aÀin-¡p-¶-Xv.

1. ae-¦c HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm\n k` ]pcm-X\ ssIkvXh temI-¯nse aq¶p ][m\ hn`m-K-§-fmWv Ko¡v (ss_-kâ-bn³) k`m-]m-c-¼-cyhpw e¯o³ (tdm-a³) k`m-]m-c-¼-cyhpw kpdn-bm\n k`m ]mc-¼-cy-hpw. Ch aq¶pw `mjm-[n-jvTn-Xhpw kwkvIm-cm-[n-jvTn-X-hp-am-Wv. Ch aq¶pw ]pcm-X\ tdmam kmam-Py-¯nÂ hnI-k\w ]m]n-¨p. t]Àjy³ k`m]m-c-¼-cyhpw AÀ½o-\n-b³ k`m ]mc-¼-cyhpw tPmÀPn-b³ k`m ]mc-¼-cyhpw tdmam kmam-Py-¯n\p shfn-bnÂ t]Àjy-bnepw AÀao-\n-b-bnepw C³Uy-bnepw tPmÀPn-b-bn-ep-ambn cq]w ]m]n-¨n-«p-Å-h-bm-Wv.

tdmam kmam-Py-¯n\p shfn-bn-ep-ïmb InkvXob k`m tae-²y-£-·mÀ¡v 3þmw \qämïp apXÂ (282 F.-Un.) ImtXm-en¡ (s]m-Xp-]n-Xm-hv) F¶ Øm\hpw tdmam kmam-Py-¯n-\p-Ån-ep-ïm-bn-cp¶ InkvXob k`m tae-²y-£-·mÀ¡v

ae-¦c HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm\n k`-bpsS X\na2017 Pqsse 3 se kp]ow-tIm-SXn hn[n-bp-sS ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ


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5þmw \qämïp apXÂ ]mXn-bÀ¡okv (][m\ ]nXm-hv) F¶ Øm\hpw \ne-hnÂ h¶p. HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm\n k`m ]mc-¼-cy-¯nsâ tdmam kmam-Py-¯n-epÅ `c-Wm-Øm\w AtýmJymbpw t]Àjym kmam-Py-¯n-epÅ k`m BØm\w skeq-Iy-þ-sÌ-kn-t^mWpw Bbn-cp-¶p. F.-Un. 410 Â amdq¯ (+420) F¶ saXmt¸m-eo-¯m-bpsS A²y-£-X-bnÂ skeq-Iy-þ-sÌ-kn-t^mWnÂ 40 taÂ¸«-¡mÀIqSn t]Àjy³ k`-bpsS ][m-\-ta-e-²y-£\v " "The Great Metropolitan and Chief of all Bishiops" F¶ ]Zhn \evIn. 7þmw \qäm-ïm-b-t¸mÄ t]Àjy-bnÂ s\kvtXm-dnb hnizm-kn-IÄ, IÂ¡n-tZm³ kp¶-l-tZmkv A\p-`m-hn-IÄ, IÂ¡n-tZm\y CXcÀ F¶o hn`m-K-§-fnÂ aq¶p Im-tXm-en-t¡-äp-IÄ \ne-hnÂ h¶p. tdmam kmam-Py-¯n-epÅ ]mÝmXy kpdn-bm\n HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv k`-bnse Bi-a-¯nÂ Xma-kn¨ t]Àjy³ kztZin amÀ amdq¯m (+649) F¶ taÂ¸-«-¡m-c³ F.-Un. 629 Â t]Àjy-bnÂ h¶v IÂ¡n-tZm\y CXc kpdn-bm\n HmÀ¯-tUm-IvkvIm-cpsS A²y-£-\mbn, 'a]n-bm\' (hÀ²n-¸n-¡p-¶-h³) F¶ Øm\-\m-a-¯nÂ XnKokv BØm-\-am¡n 20 hÀjw `cWw \S-¯n. IÂ¡n-tZm\y CXc kp-dn-bm\n k`m-]n-Xm-¡-·m-cm-bn-cp¶ t]Àjy³ kztZ-in -amÀ ]oe-Ivkn-t\m-kn-sâbpw Atým-Jym-bnse amÀ tkth-dn-tbm-kn-sâbpw amÀ bmt¡m_v _pÀ±m-\m-bp-sSbpw thZ-im-kvX-þ-B-cm-[\m ]mc-¼-cy-§Ä Cu Ime-L-«-¯nÂ ChnsS ]Nm-c-¯nÂ h¶p.

F.-Un. 869 se I^À¯p¯m kp¶-l-tZm-knÂ h¨v a^n-bm³ AYhm ImtXm-en-t¡m-kn-sâbpw Atým-Jy³ ]mXn- bÀ¡o-kn-sâbpw kzX-´-`-cW ]tZ-i-§Ä Iao-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw kt½-f-\-¯nepw hn. IpÀºm-\-bnepw ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ \ma-¯n\p sXm«p ]pdsI ImtXm-en-t¡m-knsâ \mahpw Dïm-bn-cn-¡Ww F¶pw Ccp-hcpw Ah-c-h-cpsS `cW koa-IÄ ewLn¨p ]hÀ¯n-¨p-Iq-Sm-sb¶pw ImtXm-en¡m Pohn-¨n-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ At±-l-¯nsâ k½Xw IqSmsX Hcp ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hmgn-¡-s¸-S-cp-sX¶pw ]uc-kvXycpw ]mÝm-Xy-cp-amb Cucïp taÂ¸-«-¡mÀ AS-§p¶ kanXn ]pXnb ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ hmgvN-bnÂ Bcv kp¶-l-tZmkv A²y-£-\mbn ssIhbv]p \S-¯-W-sa¶v Xocp-am-\n-¡-W-sa¶pw hyh-Ø-IÄ Dïm-¡n. C]-Imcw kzX´`cWw \S-¯nb ]uckvXy HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm\n k`bpsS ImtXm-en¡m tiWn-bnÂ XoKo-knse Ah-km\

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ImtXm-en¡ 1852-þ1859 hsc `cn¨ _tÊ-en-tbmkv _l-\m³ \mem-a³ Bbn-cp-¶p. C§s\ t]Àjy-bnÂ ssh[hyw ]m]n¨ ]uckvXy HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm\n k`-bpsS ImtXm-en-t¡äv Øm]\w 1912 Â A_vtZZv ainlm ]mXn-bÀ¡okv ae-¦-c-bnÂ ]p\x-Øm-]n-¨Xp hgn amÀt¯m-½m-Ço-lm-bpsS Imew apXÂ kzX-´-am-bn-cp¶ ae-¦c k` Ing-¡nsâ HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm\n k`-bnÂ DÄs¸«v kÀÆ-kz-X-´-`-c-Wm-[n-Im-c-apÅ ImtXm-en-t¡äv Bbn AwKo-I-cn-¡-s¸-«p.

2. AtýmJym ]mXn-bÀ¡okpw ae-¦-c-k-`-bpsS ImtXm-en-¡mbpw AtýmJy ]mXn-bÀ¡okv HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm\n k`-bpsS ][m\ tae-²y-£\pw (Primate) hn. ]tXmkv Çolm-bmÂ Øm]n-X-amb ]mÝmXy kpdn-bm\n HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv k`-bpsS ]mXn-bÀ¡okpw BWv. ae-¦c k`-bpsS ImtXm-en¡, amÀt¯m-½m-Çolm Øm]n¨ ae-¦c k` DÄs¸-Sp¶ ]uckvXy HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm\n k`-bpsS ][m\ tae-²y-£- (Primate)\m-Wv. cïp ][m\ tae-²y-£-·mcpw Ah-c-h-cpsS `c-Wm-XnÀ¯n-¡p-sh-fn-bnÂ ]hÀ¯n-¡p-hm³ ]mSn-Ã. CXn\v Ncn-X-]-chpw Imt\m-\n-Ihpw thZ-im-kvX-]-c-hp-amb ASn-Øm-\-ap-ïv. F¶mÂ ]mÝmXy kpdn-bm\n k`-bpsS AtýmJy ]mXn-bÀ¡okv HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm\n k`-bpsS ][m\ tae-²y-£³ F¶ \ne-bnÂ ]uckvXy HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm\n k`-bpsS ][m\ tae-²y-£-\mb ImtXm-en-¡m-tbm-sSm¸w k¶n-ln-X-\m-Ip-t¼mÄ cïp ka-·mcmb ][m\ tae-²y-£-·m-cnÂ '_lp-am-\m-Àl-amb ][m\ tae-²y-£X' (Primacy of honour) \evIp-¶Xv ka·m-cnÂ ap¼³ (First among two equal primates) F¶ \ne-bn-em-Wv. CXv I^À¯p¯m kp¶-l-tZmkv (F.-Un. 869) apXÂ \ne-hn-ep-ÅXpw ae-¦-c-k`m `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 1,2,101 hIp-¸p-I-fpsS ASn-Øm-\-¯nepw BIp-¶p. A_vtZZp ainlm ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ 19-þ2-þ1913 epÅ Iev]-\-bpsS Ah-km-\-`m-K¯v 'Atým-Jym-bpsS At¸m-kvtXm-enI knwlm-k-\-hp-am-bpÅ kvt\l-_-Ô-¯nÂ \n¶v \n§Ä thdn-«p-t]m-I-cp-sX¶' \nÀt±-i-¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯nepw ImtXm-en¡m £Wn-¡msX ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\p ae-¦-c-bpsS ]uckvXy ImtXm-en-¡m-bpsS `c-W-ko-a-bnÂ ]th-in-¡p-hm³ ]mSn-Ãm-sb¶ I^À¯p¯m kp¶-l-tZm-knsâ

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A\p-im-k\ ]Im-chpw tdmbÂ tImÀ«phn-[n, h«n-¸-W-t¡kv hn[n Ch-sb-Ãmw IW-¡n-seSp¯p-sIm-ïp-amWv 1934 Â ae-¦c k`m ]nXm-¡-·mÀ `c-W-L-S\ Dïm-¡n-b-t¸mÄ 1, 101, 114, 118 hIp-¸p-I-fnÂ AtýmJym ]mXn-bÀ¡okpw ae-¦c k`-bp-am-bpÅ _Ôw kqNn-¸n-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. 1934 se `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 1, 114, 118 hIp-¸p-I-fnÂ ae-¦-c-k` AtýmJym ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\v A_vtZZp ainlm ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ \nÀt±iw _lp-am-\n¨v \evIn-bn-«pÅ _lp-am\ Øm\w \ne \nev¡-W-sa-¦nÂ 101-þmw hIp¸p ]Imcw ImtXm-en-¡m-bpsS kl-I-c-W-t¯msS hmgn-¡-s¸-Sp¶ ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kns\ amXta ae-¦c k` ]uckvXy HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm\n k` DÄs¸-Sp¶ HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm\n k`-bpsS ][m\ tae-²y-£-\mbn AwKo-I-cn-¡p-I-bpÅp F¶ bmYmÀ°yw hnkva-cn-¡m-hp-¶-X-Ã. amX-aÃ 1995 se kp]ow-tIm-SXn hn[n-¡p-tijw AXnse hn[n \ymb-§Äs¡-Xnsc ae-¦-c-k`m c-W-¯nÂ A\-[n-Ir-X-ambn CS-s]«v hnhn[ sshZnI Øm\n-Isf hmgn-¡p-Ibpw F¶p-am-X-aÃ Im-tXm-en-¡m-bpsS FXnÀ¸ns\ Ah-K-Wn¨pw ]hÀ¯n-¨-Xn-\mÂ AtýmJym ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\p ae-¦-c-k-`-bpsS taÂ Dïm-bn-cp-¶-Xmb Bßo-Im-h-Imiw t]mepw FÃm AÀ°-¯nepw iq\y -_n-µp-hn-em-bn-¯oÀ¶p F¶v 2017 kp]ow-tIm-SXn hn[n kv]jvS-am-¡n. ImtXm-en-¡m-bpsS Øm\w Dd-¸n-¡p-hm³ FSp¯ Hcp \S-]-Snbpw ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kns\ \ntj-[n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-Å-X-sÃ¶pw kp]ow-tIm-SXn hn[n-bpsS ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ k`-bnÂ imizX kam-[m-\-ap-ïm-¡p-hm³ A¶s¯ ]mXn-bÀ¡okp hn`mKw IqSn AwKo-I-cn¨v \nco-£-I-\pÅ ôknsâ ]IpXn AhÀ Xs¶ tImS-Xn-bnÂ sI«n h¨p. kp]ow-tIm-SXn \nco-£-I³ PÌokv afoa-Tn-sâ Npa-X-e-bnÂ \S-¯-s¸« AtÊm-kn-tb-j³ _ln-jv¡-cn¨v _Z-Â AtÊm-kn-tb-j³ IqSp-Ibpw _ZÂ `c-W-L-S-\bv¡p 2002 Â cq]w sImSp-¡p-Ibpw Cu \S-]-Sn-I-sfÃmw AtýmJy ]mXn-bÀ¡okv AwKo-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX Xp hgn At±lw kp]ow-tIm-SXn hn[n-tbmSpw At±-l-¯nsâ ap³Km-an-IÄ AwKo-I-cn¨ ae-¦-c-k-`-bpsS 1934 se `c-W-L-S-\-tbmSpw FXnÀ¸pw A\m-Z-chpw ImWn-¨-Xn-\mÂ Atým-Jy- ]m-Xn-bÀ¡okv Ipä-¡m-c-\m-sW-¶mWv tImSXn hn[n-¨-Xv.

Hcp hnip² A[n-Im-cn-bpsS taÂ asämcp hnip-²m-[n-Im-cn¡v (One Primate over another primate) DÅ Bßo-Im-[n-Imcw F¶-Xp-sImïv Hcm-fnsâ A[n-Im-cs¯ CÃm-Xm-¡p-Itbm

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Iogm-¡p-Itbm F¶-Xp-an-Ã-sb¶pw Bßo-Im-[n-Imcw ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn-se-¶-t]mse ImtXm-en-¡m-bnepw ae-¦c saXm-t¸m-eo-¯m-bnepw \n£n-]vX-am-sW¶pw k`m `c-W-L-S\ 94,100 F¶o hIp-¸p-IÄ D²-cn-¨p-sImïv tImSXn Nqïn-¡m-«n.

3. CS-h-I-¸-Ån-I-fpsS kzmXýw ae-¦c k` Hcp SÌm-Wv. AXv A§ns\ Xs¶ \ne \nev¡pw. AXv GXv Dt±-iy-t¯msS cq]-s¸-«pthm B Dt±iyw ]qÀ¯o-I-cn-¡p-hm³ AXv F¶pw \ne \nÂt¡-ïXv Bh-iy-am-Wv. ae-¦c HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm\n k`-bnÂ hniz-kn-¡p-¶-hÀ FÃm-hcpw Cu SÌnsâ mK-am-Wv. Bb-Xn-\mÂ Cu hnizm-k-¯nÂ \nev¡p¶ FÃm CS-h-I-¸-Ån-Ifpw ae-¦c k`-bpsS LS-I-§-fm-Wv. X·qew CS-h-I-¸-Ån-IÄ¡v ae-¦c k`-bpsS SÌnÂ \n¶v hyXy-Ø-ambn \ne-\n-ev]n-Ã. CXnsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ ae-¦c k`-bpsS 1934 se `c-W-L-S\ FÃm CS-h-IÄ¡pw AXnse CS-h-I-P-\-§Ä¡pw _m[-I-am-Wv. k`-bpsS `c-W-kw-hn-[m-\-¯n-\pÅ Iao-I-c-W-amWv 1934 se c-W-L-S-\. ae-¦c k`-bpsS hnizm-kn-bmbn \ne-\nÂ¡p-¶n-S-t¯mfw CX-\p-k-cn¨p hÀ¯n-¡p-hm³ FÃm-hcpw _m²y-Ø-cm-Wv. Bb-Xn-\mÂ Hcp CS-h-Ibv¡pw Ah-cpsS DÄ`-c-W-¯n-\p-thïn ]tXyI DS-¼-Sn-Itfm `c-W-kw-hn-[m-\tam Dïm-¡p-hm³ Ah-Im-i-an-Ã. c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 132-þmw hIp-¸-\p-k-cn¨v AXn\v \ne- \nÂ¸n-Ã. GsX-¦nepw CS-h-I-IÄ¡v D]-\n-b-a-§Ä (Byelaws) Dïm-¡-W-sa-¦nÂ Ah CS-h-I-tbm-Kw, saXm-k\ CS-h-I tbmKw, saXm-k\ Iu¬knÂ Ch ]mÊm¡n amt\-PnwKv I½n-än-bpsS dqÄ I½n-än¡p kaÀ¸n-t¡-ïXpw dqÄ¡-½nän k`m amt\-PnwKv I½n-än-bnÂ sImïp-h¶v ]mÊm¡n \S-¸n-em-¡m-hp-¶-Xp-amWv (k`m `c-W-L-S\ 129-þmw hIp¸v)

]Ån-kz-¯p-¡-fpsS DS-a-ØX (Ownership) ae-¦-c-k` F¶ Endowement- Â \ne-\nÂ¡pw. CS-h-I-¡mÀ k`m-`-c-W-L-S-\-]-Imcw AXnsâ D]-t`m-àm-¡-fm-Wv. CS-h-I-bnse Hcw-K-¯nt\m `qcn-]£w Bfp-IÄt¡m CS-hI hn«p-am-dn-t¸m-Imw. F¶mÂ AhÀ¡v CS-h-I-bpsS bmsXmcp Ømh-c-Pw-Ka kz¯p-¡fpw sImïp-t]m-Ip-hm³ Ah-Im-i-an-Ã. CS-h-I-bnÂ \nÂ¡p-¶n-S-t¯mfw Imew AhÀ Ah-bpsS KpW-t`m-àm-¡Ä Bbn-cn-¡pw. DZm:]Ån-bpsS `WvUmc-¯nÂ BÀ¡pw ]W-an-Smw. ]s£ ]n¶oSv AXv ae-¦c k`-bpsS `mK-am-bn-Xn-

44

\mÂ AbmÄ¡v Xncn-s¨-Sp-¡p-hm³ km²y-a-Ã.

CS-h-I-]-Ån-bpsS ]Ww ssIImcyw sN¿p-¶-Xn\v CS-h-I-s]m-Xp-tbm-K-¯n-\pÅ DÄ`-cW kzmXýw `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS 22, 122 hIp-¸p-I-fnÂ tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«p-ïv. CS-h-I-bpsS Bcm-[-\m-]-c-amb Imcy-§Ä¡v ]Ww sNe-h-gn-¡p-hm \pw CS-h-I-bpsS hnZym-`ym-k-Øm-]-\-§tfm Bip-]-Xn-Itfm A\m-Y-im-e-Itfm XpS-§n-b-h-bpsS \S-¯n-¸n\pw `Zm-k-\-¯n \pw k`m-tI-µ-¯n\pw sImSp-t¡ï hcp-am-\-§Ä¡pw sImSp-¡p-hm\pw Ah-Im-i-ap-ïv. F¶mÂ ]ÅnhI Ømh-c-h-kvXp-¡Ä hm§n-¡p-Itbm hnÂ¡pItbm sN¿-W-sa-¦nÂ CS-hI s]mXp-tbmKw ]mÊm-¡n-bmepw saXm-t¸m-eo-¯m-bpsS tcJm-aq-e-amb A\p-hm-Z-an-sÃ-¦nÂ km[n-¡p-I-bn-Ã.

Hcp ae-¦-c-k-`mwKw Abm-fpsS CS-h-I-¸-Ån-bnÂ \n¶v asämcp CS-h-I-bn-te¡p Øew amdn-t¸m-Ip-t¼mgpw hn«p-t]mb CS-h-I-bpsS kz¯nÂ \n¶v H¶pw sImïp-t]m-Ip-hm³ km[n-¡-bn-Ã. ]pXp-Xmbn tNcp¶ CS-h-I-bnÂ GsX-¦nepw Hmlcn sImSp-t¡ï Bh-iy-hp-an-Ã. ae-¦-c-k-`mw-K-¯n\v ae-¦-c-k-`-bpsS s]mXp-kz-¯mbn \ne-\nÂ¡p¶ GXv CS-h-I-bp-sSbpw kz¯p-¡-fpsS KpW-t`m-àm-hmIphm³ Ah-Im-i-apïv; CS-h-I-bpsS \ne-hn-epÅ Iao-I-c-W-§Ä¡v AbmÄ hnt[-b-s¸-S-W-sa¶p amXw.

4. Cý³ `c-W-L-S-\-bnse aXkzmX-ýhpw (25, 26 hIp-¸p-IÄ) ]utcm-lnXy Ir]m-Zm-\-hpw. GXp-a-X-¯nÂ hniz-kn-¡p-hm\pw AXp ]N-cn-¸n-¡p-hm\pw AXnÂ \n¶v Ft¸mÄ thW-sa-¦nepw asämcp aX-¯n-te¡p amdp-hm-\p-apÅ aX-kzm-Xýw C³Uy³ `c-W-L-S\ hn`m-h\w sNbvXn-«p-ïv. Bb-Xn-\mÂ 1934 se `c-W-L-S\ ]Im-c-apÅ AtÊm-kn-tb-j-\nÂ \n¶v kzta-[bm AwK-§Ä¡v Ft¸mÄ thW-sa-¦nepw hn«p-t]m-Ip-hm³ Ah-Im-i-ap-sï¶pw hn. ]tXm-knÂ¡q-Sn-bpÅ At¸m-kvtXm-enI ]n³ XpSÀ¨-bnepw Ir]-bpsS Hgp-¡nepw hniz-kn-¡p-¶-hÀ¡v hn. tXm½m-Ço-lm-bp-sS At¸mkvtXm-enI ]n³Xp-SÀ¨bnÂ hniz-kn-¡p¶hcp-ambn s]mcp-¯-s¸«p t]mIp-hm³ km²y-a-Ãm-¯-Xn-\mÂ ImtXm-en-¡m hn`mKw hnIm-cnsb ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kv hn`m-K-¯nsâ taÂ ASn-t¨Â¸n-¡p-¶Xv aX-kzm-Xý \ntj-

45

[-am-sW-¶p-am-bn-cp¶p ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`m-K-¯nsâ \ne-]m-Sv. Bb-Xn-\mÂ cïp hn`m-K-§fpw DÅ CS-h-I-bnÂ Ccp-hn-`m-K-¯n\pw Bcm-[\m kzmXýw hyXy-kvX-ambn A\p-h-Zn-¡-W-sa¶pw AhÀ Bh-iy-s¸-«p.

GXp aX-hn-`m-K-¯n\pw AXnsâ Bcm-[\m kwhn-[m-\-§Ä Im¯p-kq-£n-¡p-hm³ Ah-Im-i-ap-sï¶pw 1934 se `c-W-L-S\ A\p-k-cn¨v ae-¦-c-k-`-bpsS `c-W-kw-hn-[m-\-§Ä kq£n-¡p-¶Xv C³Uy³ `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS ewL-\-a-sÃ¶pw tImSXn hn[n-¨p. ]uckvXy k`-I-fnÂ H¶mb ae-¦-c-k-`bpw F¸n-kvt¡m-¸Â ]mc-¼cyw A\p-k-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-sImïv At¸m-kvtXm-enI ]n³Xp-SÀ¨ ae-¦c k`-bv¡n-Ãm-sb¶p ]d-bp-hm³ km²y-a-sÃ¶pw tXm½m-Ço-lm-bnÂ¡q-Sn-bpÅ At¸m-kvtXm-enI ]n³Xp-SÀ¨ ae-¦c k`-bv¡pïv F¶v ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`mKw k½Xn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-«pïv F¶pw tImSXn Isï-¯n.

]mXn-bÀ¡okv \nb-an¨ hnIm-cn-bpsS ASp¯p Ip¼-km-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ IÀ¯m-hnÂ \n¶v hn. ]tXm-knÂ¡qSn ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn-te¡pw AhnsS \n¶pw hnIm-cn-bn-te¡pw AhnsS \n¶v ]m]-tam-N\w A\p-Xm-]n-bn-te¡pw Hgp-Ip-¶p-sh¶ hfsc hnNn-X-amb Ah-cpsS hmZ-¯n\v lnµp PUvPn-amÀ X¡Xmb thZ-imkvX hni-I-e-\-t¯msS \evInb adp-]Sn C]-Im-c-am-Wv. aX-]-c-amb A\p-jvTm-\-§Ä¡pw BNm-c-§Ä¡pw CS-h-I-hn-Im-cn-am-cp-tStbm sshZn-I-cp-tStbm \na-b-a-\-hp-ambn _Ô-an-Ã. AtýmJy ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\v F´v BßoI tae-[n-Imcw Dïm-bmepw ae-¦-c-k-`-bnÂ hnIm-cn-am-sc \nb-an-¡p-hm-\pÅ euInI c-Wm-[n-Imcw At±-l-¯n-\n-Ã. AXv 1934 se c-W-L-S\ A\p-k-cn¨p amXsa \S-¡p-I-bp-Åp. AXv ae-¦c k`mw-K-§Ä FÃm-hÀ¡pw amX-aÃ AtýmJym ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\pw F¶pw _m[-I-am-Wv. AXv 1958 se kp]ow- tIm-SXn hn[n-bnepw 1995 se kp]ow-tIm-SXn hn[n-bnepw kaÀ°n-¨n-«p-Å-Xm-Wv. Chn-sSbpw hoïpw AsX-Sp¯p ]dªp F¶p-am-X-ta-bp-Å.

Bßo-Im-[n-Imcw ae-¦c saXm-t¸m-eo-¯m-bnepw Im-tXm-en-¡m-bnepw `Zm-k\ saXm-t¸m-eo¯mbnepw DÅ-t¸mÄ ]ns¶ AtýmJy ]mXn-bÀ¡okp Xs¶ hmgn-¡-W-sa¶v iTn¡p-¶-Xv C³Uy³ `c-W-L-S-\m-]-c-amtbm ae-¦c k`m `c-

46

W-L-S\m]c-amtbm \ymb-a-sÃ¶p amX-aÃ ]mXn-bÀ¡okn\v Hcp Ime¯pw Hcp \oXn\ymb tImSXnbpw Cu Ah-Imiw A\p-h-Zn-¨n-«n-sÃ¶pw \ntj-[n¨ A[n-Imcw hoïpw Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-¶p-sht¶ AÀ°-apÅp F¶pw hyà-am-¡n.

Bßo-Im-[n-Imcw AbmÄ FX D¶-X-\m-bn-cp-¶mepw Abm-fpsS amXw Ip¯-Im-h-Im-i-a-Ã. ]utcm-lnXy tiWn-bn-epÅ FÃm-hÀ¡pw Ah-c-h-cpsS Øm\-¯n-\p-k-cn-¨pÅ Imcy-\nÀÆ-l-W-¯n-\m-h-iy-amb BßoI Ir]-bp-ïv. CXv GsX-¦nepw Hcp Øm\n-bpsS hmgn-¡-s¸-S-entem \nb-a-\-¯ntem ss]¸nÂ¡qsS shÅw Hgp-In-s¨-Ãp-¶-Xp-t]msebpÅ Ir]m-]-hm-l-aÃ; Bcv hmgn-¨mepw \nb-an-¨mepw BßoI Ir] Øm\-¯n-\-\p-k-cn¨v Øm\n¡p In«p-¶-Xv tbip-In-kvXp-hnÂ \n¶m-Wv. AXnÂ ImÀ½n-IXzw hln-¡p¶hscÃmw tIhew ipiq-j-bpsS \nÀÆm-l-I-cm-Wv. Ir] tbipInkvXphnÂ \n¶v t\cn«v Øm\mÀ°n¡v e`n-¡p¶p; AXv ImÀ½n-I-\nÂ \n¶v Hgp-In-s¨-Ãp-¶-XÃ F¶ ]uckvXy HmÀ¯-tUmIvkv thZ-imkvXw ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`m-Ks¯ lnµp PUvPn-amÀ ]Tn-¸n-t¡-ïn-h-¶p.

ae-¦c k`-bpsS ]c-tam-¶X A[n-Imcn Ing-¡nsâ ImtXm-en¡m Bb-Xn-\mÂ At±-ls¯ ae-¦-c-k-`m-a-¡Ä FÃm-hcpw A\p-k-cn-¡p-hm³ _m²y-Ø-cm-Wv. Hcp kaqlw hn`n-Pn-¡-s¸-Sm-sa-¦nepw ]Ån-Itfm Bcm-[\ Øe-§tfm hn`-Pn-¡-s¸-Sp-hmt\m A¯-c-¯nÂ ]Ån-bntem skan-t¯-cn-bntem kam-ć Bcm-[-\-Itfm `c-W-I-a-§tfm A\p-h-Zn-¡p-hmt\m \nb-a-]-c-ambn km²y-a-sÃ¶pw AXv C³Uy³ `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS aX-kzm-Xý XXz-¯n\v hncp-²-a-sÃ-¶p-amWv kp]ow- tIm-SXn hn[n-¨-Xv.

5. k`m-k-am-[m\w 1938-þÂ ae-¦c k`-bnse ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`mKw sIm-Sp¯ H¶mw kap-Zmbt¡kv 12-þ9-þ1958 Â ImtXm-en-¡m-hn-`m-K-¯n\v A\p-Iq-e-ambn hn[n-¨p. 1934 se `c-W-L-S\ km[p-X-bp-ÅXpw ae-¦c k`-bpsS kpK-a-amb \S-¯n-¸n\v AXv ]tbm-P-\-I-c-am-sW¶pw hn[n-¨p. kam-[m\ ia-§Ä \S-¶p. ae-¦c k`-bpsS aq¶mw ImtXm-en¡ KohÀKokv ZznXo-b³ _mhmbpw AtýmJy ]mXn-bÀ¡okv bm¡q_v XrXo-b³

47

_mhmbpw ]c-kv]cw Øm\-\ym-tb\ 1934 se ae-¦c k`m `c-Wbv¡p hnt[-b-ambn AwKo-I-cn-¨p. k`-bnÂ kam-[m-\-ap-ïm-bn. ]mXnbÀ¡okv hn`m-K-¯n-em-bn-cp¶ aq¶p saXm-¨-·mcpw At\Iw sshZn-Icpw P\-§fpw tNÀ¶v k` H¶mbn (16-þ12-þ1958). AtX AtýmJym ]mXn-bÀ¡okv 8þ4-þ1959 Â ImtXm-en-¡mbv¡v Iev]\ Ab-¨p; ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kns\ AwKo-I-cn¨ `c-W-L-S-\-bpsS hyh-Ø-IÄ Adn-bn-sÃ¶pw ImtXm-en¡ ']cn-ip² ImtXm-en¡' Ft¶m 'amÀt¯m-½m-Ço-lm-bpsS knwlm-k-\-¯nÂ' Ft¶m D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-hm³ ]mSn-Ã-sb¶pw Fgp-Xn. ImtXm-en¡m adp-]Sn Ab-¨-XnÂ (8-þ6-þ1959) lqZmb Imt\m³, A_vtZZv ainlm ]mXn-bÀ¡o-knsâ ImtXm-en-¡m-Øm-]\ Iev]-\-IÄ Ch D²-cn-¨p-sImïv Ah-sbÃmw ImtXm-en-¡mbv¡v D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-hm³ AÀl-X-s¸-«-Xm-sW¶v 1934 `c-W-L-S\ ]Imcw Øm]n-¨p. hoïpw Fgp-¯p-Ip-¯p-IÄ XpSÀ¶p. F¦nepw AtX ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kp-Xs¶ ae-¦c k`-bpsS 1934 se `cW LS-\-bpsS 114-þmw hIp¸p ]Imcw ae-¦-c-k`m kp¶-l-tZm-knsâ £Ww kzoI-cn¨v ae-¦-c-bnÂ F¯n 22-þ5-þ1964 Â 4þmw ImtXm-en¡m HutK³ ]Y-a³ _mhm-bpsS Øm\m-tcm-l-W-¯n\v apJy-ImÀ½n-IXzw hln-¨p. Øm\m-tcm-l-W-¯nsâ Xte-Zn-hkw ImtXm-en-¡m-bp-sSbpw ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn-sâbpw `cW ]tZ-i-§Ä \nP-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw KÄ^v cmPy-§-fnte¡v Ct¸mÄ ae-¦c k` sshZn-Isc Ab-bv¡p¶ \S-]Sn XpS-cp-hm\pw D`-b-k-½X DS-¼-Sn Dïm¡n.

1972 hsc 8 hÀj-t¯¡v k` Hcp ]cn-[n-hsc tbmPn-¸nÂ t]mbn. ImtXmen¡mbp-sSbpw ap³]m-Xn-bÀ¡okv hn`m-K-¯n-ep-ïm-bn-cp¶ saXm-¨-·m-cp-sSbpw Iq«mb At]£ \ncm-I-cn¨v 1973 Â ]mXn-bÀ¡okv Hcp saXms\ Xsâ Uen-tK-ämbn ae-¦-c-bnÂ Ab-¨-tXmsS kam-[m\ RvP\w hoïpw Dïm-bn. At±lw A¨-·m-scbpw si½m-i-·m-scbpw aªn-\n-¡c tIµ-am¡n hmgn-¡Â XpS-§n. 1þ9-þ1973 Â ]mXn-bÀ¡okv ae-¦c k`mw-K-amb Hcp sshZn-Is\ saXm-\mbn hmgn-¨-b-¨p. 1974-þepw cïp saXm-·msc¡qSn hmgn-¨-b-¨p. 10-þ1-þ1975 Â HutK³ ImtXm-en-¡msb ]mXn-bÀ¡okv Øm\-`r-jvS-\m-¡n. ImtXm-en-¡m-bpsS IqsS \n¶ ap³ ]mXn-bÀ¡okv saXm³ ]ueqkv amÀ ]oe-Ivkn-t\m-kns\ _ZÂ ImtXm-en¡m Bbn hmgn-¨-b-¨p. k`bnse kam-[m-\m-´-co£w ]qÀ®-ambpw Iep-jn-X-am-bn. 16-þ6-þ75 Â ImtXm-en¡m HutK³ _mhmsb AtýmJym

48

k`-bpsS kp¶-l-tZmkv apS-¡n. 1979 Â ImtXm-en¡m hn`mKw ]mXn-bÀ¡o-kn\v ae-¦c k`-bnÂ saXm-·msc hmgn-¡m-\pÅ A[n-Im-cs¯ tNmZyw sNbvXp tIkv sImSp-¯p. AXnsâ Ah-km\ hn[n 1995 Pq¬ 20 \v ImtXm-en¡m hn`m-K-¯n\v A\p-Iq-e-ambn Dïm-bn. 1958 se kp]ow-tImÀ«v hn[nsb ]qÀ®-ambpw AwKo-I-cn¨pw Dd-¸m-¡nbpw 1995 Â kp]ow-tIm-SXn hn[n Dïm-bn.

hn[n-sb-¯p-SÀ¶v tUm. ]utemkv amÀ KotKm-dn-tbmkv Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-¯nÂ 9 ]mhiyw kam-[m\ NÀ¨-IÄ \S-¶p. ê-ap-ïm-bn-Ã. 1997 Â ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`m-K-¯nÂ \ne-sImï \mep saXm-t¸m-eo-¯m-amÀ 1995 se hn[n-b-\p-k-cn¨v 1934 se `c-W-L-S\ ]Imcw ae-¦c k`-bpsS saXm-·m-cmbn. kp]ow-tIm-SXn \nÀt±iw A\p-k-cn¨v 1995 se hn[n \S-¯n¸v 2002 amÀ¨nÂ PÌokv afoa-Tn-sâ t\Xr-Xz-¯nÂ ]cp-a-e-bnÂ IqSn. ]pXnb amt\-PnwKv I½n-änsb sXc-sª-Sp-¯p. ae-¦c k`bnÂ \n¶v thdn«p \nev¡p-hm³ ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`mKw Xocp-am-\n¨v 'ae-¦c bmt¡m-_mb kpdn-bm\n InkvXym\n k`' F¶ t]cnÂ ]pXnb k` cq]-s¸-Sp¯n; Hcp ]pXnb `c-W-L-S-\bpw AwKo-I-cn-¨p. hoïpw k`m kam-[m-\-`-RvP\w ]pXnb hgn-¯n-cn-hn-em-bn.

tIme-t©cn ]Ån 1913 se DS-¼Sn ]Im-c-amWv, AÃm-sX 1934 se `c-W-L-S\ ]Im-c-aÃ `cn-¡-s¸-tS-ï-sX-¶v ImWn¨v 2006 Â ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`mKw sImSp¯ tIk,v kam\ kz`m-h-apÅ hcn-t¡men, a®-¯qÀ, s\¨qÀ, IWym-«p-\n-çv F¶o ]Ån-I-fpsS tIkp-ItfmsSm¸w kp]ow-tIm-S-Xn-bnÂ F¯n-. 2017 Pqsse 3 \v kp]ow-tIm-SXn hn[n-bp-ïm-bn. kam-[m\w ae-¦c k`-bnÂ imiz-X-ambn ]p\x-Øm-]n-¡p-hm³ 1934 se k`m-`-c-W-L-S\ ae-¦c k`-bnse FÃm AwK-§fpw A\p-k-cn¨p \S-¡-W-sa¶ 1958, 1995 hn[n-I-fpsS FÃm ]gp-Xp-Ifpw AXn-s\-Xnsc DbÀ¶- hm-Z-apJ§sfbpw JWvUn¨v kp]ow-tIm-SXn hn[n-¨p.

C\n F´v? k`m kam-[m\w imizXam¡p-hm³ Htc Hcp hgntb DÅp. ae-¦c k`-bnse ]mXn-bÀ¡okv hn`m-K hpw ImtXm-en-¡m-hn-`m-Khpw 1934 se `cW LS\ AwKo-I-cn¨v H¶m-bn-¯ocpI F¶-Xp-am-Xw.

49

F.Un 52 þ amÀt¯m½m Çolm `mc-X- nÂ F¯n

1599 þ DZ-bw-t]-cqÀ kp¶-l-tZmkv

1653 þ Iq\³ Ipcniv kXyw

1665 þ At -ym-J-y-bnse kndn-b³ k -bp-am-bp-ff _Ô- nsâ Bcw`w

1806 þ BÀ¯mäv ]Sn-tbme

1809 þ Iï-\mSv ]f-fn-]-Xn-]p-cp-j-tbmKw

1815 þ ]g-b-sk-an-\mcn Øm]\w

1836 þ amth-en-¡c kp¶-l-tZmkv

1876 þ apf´p-cp¯n kp¶-l-tZmkv

1889 þ tdmbÂ tImSXn hn[n

1912 þ ae-¦-c-bnÂ ImtXm-en-t¡äv Øm]\w

1934 þ ae-¦c k`m `c-W-L-S\m cq]o-I-cWw

1947 þ ]cp-ae Xncp-ta-\ntbbpw bÂtZm _mhm-tbbpw ]cn-ip²cmbn ]J-ym-]n¨p

1958 þ kp]ow-tIm-SXn hn[nsb XpSÀ¶v k`bnÂ Ccp-hn- m-K-§fpw tbmPn¨p

1973 þ ae-¦c k -bnÂ hoïpw hnL-SnX hn`mKw DS-se-Sp-¡p-¶p.

1995 þ ae-¦c k`bv¡v A\q-Iq-e-amb kp]ow-tIm-SXn hn[n

2002 þ ]cp-ae Atkm-kn-tb-j³

2003 þ h«-ti-cnÂ Xncp-ta-\n-sb ]cn-ip²\mbn ]Jym]n¨p-.

2012 þ ImtXm-en-t¡äv cq]o-I-c-W- nsâ iXm_vZn

2017 þ k`m tIkpIÄ Ah-km-\n- n¨p sImïv kp]owtImSXnbpsS Ańa hn-[n.

NcnX aplqÀ¯-§Ä

50

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Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church Catholicate Aramana, Devalokam. P.O, Kottayam, 686004

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¯nsâ - Malankara Orthodoxmalankaraorthodox.tv/.../2017/08/malankara_church-unity_mar_severios.pdfFor more copies, please contact: The Public Relation Officer Malankara Orthodox Syrian