Marseda Allajbeu prezantimi

POLIS UNIVERSITYFACULTY OF URBAN PLANNING, ENVIRONMENT AND MANAGEMENT

MASTER OF SCIENCE IN URBAN PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT

September 2008 - September 2013

CAR-FREE DEVELOPMENTBike-Pedestrian Friendly “Myslym Shyri” Case

Marseda ALLAJBEU

Aim & Goals

Understand the main issues of the streets in Tirana.

Understand the benefits of walking and cycling.

Develop MORE walking and cycling corridors / trips.

Develop ideas and policies for SAFER walking and cycling.

Develop a walking and cycling Culture.

GOAL 1GOAL 2

GOAL 3

GOAL 5GOAL 4

THIS RESEARCH INTENDS TO UNDERSTAND AND EXPOLORE THE IMPORTANCE OF CAR FREE DEVELOPMENT - PEDESTRIAN FRIENDLY STREETS IN THE CITY OF TIRANA.

Car-Free Development

There are three categories of Development:

Visually Car-free Low-Car Car-Free

*The core residential area does not include any motorized access but where there is no attempt to limit car ownership

*Parking may be provided underground or at the edge of the site.

*Residential or mixed use developments which:

- Offer limited parking, - Are designed to reduce car use by residents.

* where “little or no provision has been made for vehicle infrastructure or residential parking”

Car-free Developments are Residential or mixed use developments which:

i. Normally provide a traffic free immediate environment ii. Offer no parking or limited parking separated from the residence

iii. Are designed to enable residents to live without owning a car.

Public Space“Great public spaces are where celebrations are held, social and economic exchanges take place, friends run into each other, cultures mix. They are the “front porches” of our public institutions – libraries, field houses, neighborhood schools – where we interact with each other and government. When spaces work well, they serve as a stage for our public lives”.

Pedestrianisation"Restrict of a vehicle access to a street or area for the exclusive use of pedestrians".

This can only happen where servicing of premises, whether they are residential, shops or businesses, can be undertaken from another entrance, examples being back streets or underground facilities.

There are three common forms of pedestrianisation :

Full time pedestrian streets Part-time Pedestrian Streets Traffic Calming Streets

•Access of vehicles into street is fully forbidden.* Usually services are in the back of street. * In most cases only emergency service vehicles are allowed to enter.

* Vehicular access allowed only in specific periods. * No on-street parking spaces allowed but loading bays are available.

Part-time pedestrianisation is very common in Ireland.

* Reduce the dominance & speed of road vehicles. * No restrictions to vehicle access* Footpaths are widened * Parking spaces are reduced. * Traffic calming measures to slow down the speed of vehicles. * Including speed tables, narrower traffic lanes, different road textures and colors to remind drivers that they are within traffic calming zones.

Pedestrianisation

The scheme: Must be designed to meet the needs of all key stakeholders groups : Local Authority, businesses and the community. It might start with removing some on-street parking spaces to increase the width of footway, and then move on to closing the street on specific days or for specific events, before closure of the street for longer periods or permanently.

The pedestrianised area: Can not be developed in isolation and should at least be part of, a wider accessible walking network. An isolated pedestrianised street in the centre of a town centre is unlikely to be successful.

Streetscape: Lighting, planting and the material pallet is important to create a positive atmosphere. The location of streetscape elements should not be an obstacle for the emergency vehicles.

Public Transport: Stops or interchanges should be adjacent to or within the pedestrianised area. This reduces the interaction between pedestrians and motor vehicles, creating a 'car-free' environment where people can shop and relax.

People still need to get to the town by car. Those driving should be directed with effective, to the nearest car park. As with public transport users, the drivers quickly become pedestrians so car parks need to be located on the edge of the pedestrianised area.

Key Requirements For SUCCESSFUL PEDESTRIANISE

PedestrianisationBetter public transport, safe walkways and roads, pleasant surroundings and small distances are all key environmental elements of making walking and cycling attractive.

* Less traffic congestion

Introducing the Study Field

Located within the first ring road of Tirana. Between Kavaja Str. and Gjergj Fishta Blv. Myslym Shyri Street lays in the western part of the city and very close to the center.

Site Location

Introducing the Study Field

Site Description

Created in the 1940’s to cover the needs of the houses built at that time Today it represents a conglomerate of services and an overall lifestyle A microcosm of metropolitan that include lots of businesses that trade everything possible.

Located on the eastern part of Myslym Shyri Street, only 2 minutes from the city center.

Newly renovated pedestrian street with its entrance from the city center, ending at Xhorxh W.Bush street.

Murat Toptani Street (Avenue)

Offers entertainment and culture buildings, retails, bars and services that bring life to street.

Hot spot frequented by all genders day and night.

Has most of the needed elements of a pedestrian and urban place.

The area is well thought with- Tall trees that provide shade- Sitting places providing comfort- Lighting providing security and - Well designed pavement providing diversity.

Myslym Shyri Street

Problems for the Area

Case Study I

Great Pedestrian Streets Around The World

Las Ramblas in Barcelona, Spain

Las Ramblas are seen as Barcelona's characteristic, most important, best streets. with a variety of eatery, shops, markets and cultural institutions is very unique. Pedestrian traffic is always high due to different activities that promote diverse image and flexible character.

About 1.5 km long

USES & ACTIVITIES

-Offers a variety of eatery, shops, markets and cultural institutions many places to sit, sculptures and other entertaining activities which make it work as a dynamic center. - Along Ramblas there ar plenty of kiosks selling mainly newspapers, ice-cream, flowers.

-Pedestrian traffic is always high due to different activities that promote diverse image and flexible character. During night the whole area provides lighting which gives a sense of security to community making the place highly frequented.

Case Study II

Great Pedestrian Streets Around The World

"Strøget" - The Pedestrian Street_Copenhagen, Denmark

"Strøget"is one of the longest pedestrian zones in the world, and it’s the ideal street for a day of shopping in Copenhagen. Today it’s the unofficial center of the city, with people hanging out, relaxing, on their way to work, shopping, or enjoying a lunch or Coffee.People also use it as a meeting point. Street is always crowded With people, visitors and talented street performers. In 1990 s these streets was officially named Strøget (Stroget).′

About 3.2 km long

USES & ACTIVITIES

Strøget is a great tourist attraction - offers plenty of restaurants, outdoor sidewalk cafes, fast food, specialty shops, art galleries, gift stores, department stores, street entertainment, theatres, museums etc.

These streets have been the main pedestrian zone through the city for many years, seeing many different events and activities.

"Strøget" - The Pedestrian Street_Copenhagen, Denmark

COPENHAGEN’S 10-STEP PROGRAM

8. Adapt the cityscape to changing seasons

3. Turn parking lots into public squares

1. Convert streets into pedestrian thoroughfares2. Reduce traffic and parking gradually

4. Keep scale dense and low 5. Honor the human scale6. Populate the core 7. Encourage student living

9. Promote cycling as a major mode of transportation 10. Make bicycles available

Case Study II

City Life Successful examples of transformed urban laneways around the world

Umbrella Sky Project on the streets of Agueda, Portugal. Part of the local Art Festival .

Poetry Carnival in Seattle’s Nord AlleyTransforming districs into vibrant public spaces.Spaces for celebration, events, and fashion shows.

Crafts Day on the promenade of Shkodra , Albania. An annual event that encourages community dialogue and interaction.Artists come together to promote and sell their work.

Better Block Duncan In South Carolina is a centerof business and activity such as farmer’s market,arts and crafts gallery ,games for children that brought vitality to the whole area.

The Taste of Charlotte food festival is hold every June and draws more than 150,000 people to experience a family activities, live music and fantastic food from the area’s hottest restaurants.

‘Life in my Shoes’ an is interactive public exhibition for HIV charity in London that challenges the fear and misunderstanding that surrounds HIV.

Urban Scale Analyses

Identification of Green Areas in Tirana


Potential Pedestrian & Traffic Calmed Corridors


Priority of Transportation Modes by Area

Site Analyses


Urban Public Transport


Existing Bike LanesProposed Underground ParkingGeneral Local Plan of Tirana 2012

PROBLEMS - Bike lines have continuity- Not maintained- Pedestrians encountered in the bike lines- Frequently cars park in the bike lanes- No safety- Unattractive

You can park in Tirana in three ways: * parking on a private area,* parking on an on-street parking pricing, * or parking for free.Municipality of Tirana provides 11 underground parking in the most important areas with a high flux of circulation.


Road Traffic Accidents 1999 - 2011Year 1999 – 159 car accidents.

From 1999 - 2003 there is a decrease of the accidents . Since then,

the number of car accidents has grown reaching 654 accidents.

In order to reduce the number of accidents first we should reduce the number of cars in circulation.

Many European countries are trying to reduce the number of accidents and injuries by using different policies that improve :

* Driver care* Vehicle safety* Road infrastructure

Developing Low-Car and Car-Free streets will reduce the usage of vehicles and will Encourage walking and cycling as forms of clear ways of transportation.


Urban Pollution – Contaminated Areas in Tirana

Transport is the MAIN FACTOR of the air pollution.

Privat Transport represents

77%

Public Transport represents

23%

300.000 85%

Pollutants in the Atmosphere



Distribution of shopping centers in Tirana

Shopping malls in the suburbs generate numerous problems

* Heavy urban traffic * Increase number of vehicles* Environmental pollution * More accidents

The Problem

Creation of a BID (Business Improvment District)right in the heart of the city

The Solution


Business Improvement District

* BID provides a mechanism to attach municipal or donor funds to the area.* Increases Property Value* Cleaner and Maintained Neighborhood.* Increase in sales due to improved image of the district.* Enhances security

Benefits

A Business Improvement District is a publicly supported, privately managed organization that is created to enhance public services and investments in geographically distinct urban, commercial neighborhoods. Property owners in the BID area vote to impose a mandatory tax on their properties. The tax is collected by local government but returned in full to the community and is applied to their self-determined priorities. The primary purpose of the district is to create improved economic opportunities, security and business climate among BID members. Successful BIDs also often result in increased property values.


BID Areas in Albania

DURRËS KORÇË SHKODËR

BERAT

Reasons of Why Myslym Shyri is a right areafor a BID Project1. The close distance with the center of the city2. Well connected with all sorts of public transportation network3. It houses buildings from the past (history)4. Close distance with the administrative area5. Close distance with the city landmarks (Mosque, Cathedral, clock-tower etc)6. It offers a variety of attractive shopping stores7. It is connected to Murat Toptani promenade

Site Analyses

Site Circulation

Site Analyses

Road Hierarchy

Site AnalysesTypology of the Built

* 1-3 floor buildings - historical area concentrated in the western part. Constitute a high percentage of the area.

* 4-6 floor buildings located along “Myslym Shyri”and in the southern part of the area. Built after the 1960’ies

* 7-9 floor buildings inside the neighborhood inner streets usually built after year 2000.

* Higher than 10 floor buildings are increasing in the last couple years. Mostly in the southern part of the area, built close to the secondary road infrastructure.

Site Analyses

Functions & Services

Site Analyses

Functions & Services

Public Survey ResultsThe intention of the online survey was to capture community’s ideas and needs to help us remodel in the best possible way.

The results collected which was the basis for redesigning Myslym Shyri, and are included in the planning process.

BEAUTIFUL, INVITING, NOISY, POLLUTED, CHAOTIC, HEAVY TRAFFIC

First Attempts for OUTDOOR Living in Myslym Shyri

The Concept

The Concept 1. Create an effective ring road2. Establish traffic calming measures in the central city

DEVELOP A WIDER AND BETTER PEDESTRIAN NETWORKIMPROVING CONDITIONS FOR WALKING & CYCLINGIMPROVING CONDITIONS FOR RESTING AND LEISURE TIME

UPGRADING THE VISUAL QUALITY OF THE STREETSCAPE

Proposals

ESTABLISH A CYCLE NETWORK

Proposals

Islam Alla current street design Proposed design

DEVELOP A WIDER AND BETTER PEDESTRIAN NETWORK

Proposals

Shyqeri Berxolli street Proposed design


Proposals

Cameria Street

Proposed design


Proposals

Detail

Sami Frasheri Street Petrol Station

Metal Serpentine PergolaFor Market Days and Events

MASTERPLAN

Outdoor Flooring Stones

Proposed Activities

Furniture Palette

Bike RacksWooden Bench Size: 1500*560*410mm

Trash ReceptacleVintage Street Light

Bench & Greenery

Removable Bollars Book Kiosk Florist Kiosk Pedicab

Outdoor Cafe Tents

Free Bike Pump

Stakeholders and their Profits

Road Users

Residents (Property Owners)

Business Owners

Employers

Investors

Social Sector (Education, Health and Administration)

Local Authorities

Works and Materials number Quantity Cost

Paving 110 +7 25.000Green Areas 10 +9

10.000

Benches 150 150 15.000Trash receptacle 150 +13 10.000Lighting 150 -8 15.000Plants 70 +4 12.000Bike Racks 5 -10 8.000Consultants Fee 5 5 21.000Total Cost 116.000.000 $

Project Costs

THANK YOU !

Documents

Marseda Allajbeu prezantimi