Kanti Repaired)

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SUMMER TRAINING PROJECT REPORT

ON

WOMAN EMPOWERMENT IN VARANASI DIST

(RURAL AREA)

HUMAN WELFARE ASSOCIATION (NGO)

Submitted under partial fulfillment of the requirement for

the award of Master of Business Administration

(2010-2012)

Of

Uttarakhand Technical University

DehradunSubmitted To: Submitted By:

Mr.Ranjeetmukharjee kanti Pandey


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Acknowledgement

To make this summer training project on the topic Woman

empowerment in Varanasi district Rural Area I have taken the help

from our guide and I acknowledgement our respected guider Dr.

Rajnikant Dwivedi , who has provide us enough support throughout our

training at Human Welfare association(NGO) at Varanasi. Our

learning has been immeasurable and working under him was a great

experience. Our sincere that are also extend to all the staff of B.B.L.

Varanasi providing a good and helpful work environment and making

our summer training an exciting and memorable event.

Our heartfelt thanks are also towards our guide of our institute our co-

coordinator Mr. Ranjeet Mukharjee without there, continuous help and

enthusiasm the project would not have been materialized in present

form.

Finally I also wish to thankInstitute of management sciences,

Dehradun for making this experience of summer training in an

esteemed organization like B.B.L. Varanasi possible. The learning from

these experiences has been immense and would be cherished throughout

life.

Name-Kanti Pandey


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Executive summery

The project had aimed to bring about the social and economic betterment

of women. The core mechanism was the women's self-help groups,

which were set up with both financial (saving and lending) and

community action objectives

In traditional societies, even more than elsewhere, women's

empowerment does not occur easily or overnight. In the India case

described, there was evidence of such change beginning, to which the

project had apparently contributed. It was most noticeable among certain

types of women. Perhaps one of the most important emerging lessons is

that women's groups themselves, in their social aspects, play a role in

such empowerment. This argues for placing emphasis on sustaining

groups beyond the life of the project, which indeed was done in this

instance. The project evaluation also recommended that communication

support (films, radio broadcasts and so on, with sensitization and

training content) be used to speed up the empowerment process.

Woman empowerment focuses on the activities carried out:

1. Agriculture


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2. Health & HIV/AIDS

3. Litracy

4. Nutrition

5. Peace education.

Change was most likely to occur among women group members when:

the women involved were heads of households or were older; the women involved had participated in training; their group members had accessed a bank loan; their group had undertaken community action initiatives; or their group had been organized into a federation and encouraged to

participate in special events (such as Women's Day, Rural

Women's Day)


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CONTENT

INTRODUCTION

OBJECTIVE OF STUDY

INDUSTRY PROFILE

ConceptDefinitionHistoryVision &missionAdvantage &DisadvantageNGO regulationTypes of NGOInvestment strategySome famous NGO of India

Company profile.

HWA in briefVision, mission & valueActivities for human welfareJoined hand with HWA


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Scholarship programObjective of programScope of program

STUDY ON WOMAN EMPOWERMENT IN VARANASI DIST.

(RURAL AREA)

Woman empowermentHWA activities for woman empowermentAdult woman educationEstablishment of permanent vocational trainingNewspaper clipping.

Research methodology of project:-

Problem formulationObjective of projectResearch design & data collectionMethod of studySource of informationLimitation of studySignificance of study

o To the companyo To the industryo To the employee/worker


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o To the women

BIBLIOGRAPHY

QUESTIONNAIRE


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INTRODUCTION

The project had aimed to bring about the social and economic

betterment of women. The core mechanism was the women's self-help

groups, which were set up with both financial (saving and lending) and

community action objectives.

Woman empowerment focuses on the activities carried out:

1. Agriculture

2. Health & HIV/AIDS

3. Litracy

4. Peace management


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OBJECTIVE

1.To give brief idea about woman empowerment.2.To discuss the problem of woman.3.To check out the reason of absenteeism.4.To access quality of trainer.


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Industry profile

Concept:

Donation is one such deed that is aimed at solving the problem of

inaccessibility to the basic amenities of life. With various number of

NGOs in India, this problem seems to be tackled away without any

hassles. They make an effort to improve the life of children that are seen

working in factories, begging on streets or shops and washing cars. Suchchildren, usually, stay in backward areas that are surrounded by

unhygienic living conditions. The chore of an NGO in India include

providing them packed food stuff, clothes, health care, run educational

camps and arrange awareness programs for their enhanced knowledge.

By providing all these things, the NGOs strive to create a path of

progress for them. After all, these children might have huge dreams of

making it big in their lives.

The concept ofNGO Indiawas developed to help these poor children,

neglected old aged people and others, who do not have anyone with

them. Today, we see a lot of NGOs that are dedicated to provide services

to each of the clam mentioned above. It is their effort that a variety of

old age homes have been built, numerous orphanages have come into

existence and various backward areas have started developing. To

accomplish this, they urge the general public to come forward and
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contribute openhanded to be a part of someones development. Together,

with the help of general public and their reach outs, NGO try their best

to progress in the area of development for such deprived people.

Non-governmental organization, or NGO, is a legally constituted

organization created by natural or legal persons that operates

independently from any government. The term originated from the

United Nations (UN), and is normally used to refer to organizations that

do not form part of the government and are not conventional for-profit

business. In the cases in which NGOs are funded totally or partially by

governments, the NGO maintains its non-governmental status by

excluding government representatives from membership in the

organization. The term is usually applied only to organizations that

pursue some wider social aim that has political aspects, but that are not

overtly political organizations such as political parties. Unlike the term

"intergovernmental organization", the term "non-governmental

organization" has no generally agreed legal definition. In many

jurisdictions, these types of organization are called "civil society

organizations" or referred to by other names.

The number ofinternationally operating NGOs is estimated at 40,000.[1]

National numbers are even higher: Russia has 277,000 NGOs;[2]

India is

estimated to have around 3.3 million NGOs in year 2009, which is one
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_personhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_personhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intergovernmental_organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_nongovernmental_organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_nongovernmental_organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intergovernmental_organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_partyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Societyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_personhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_person


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NGO for less than 400 Indians, and many times the number of primary

schools and primary health centres in India.

Definition of NGO:

NGOs are difficult to define and classify due to the terms inconsistent

use. NGO, non-profit organizations within defined boundaries excludes

NGOs that fall outside each specific boundary. Additionally, it is

beneficial for NGO networks to create a classification that allows similar

organizations to exchange information more easily

HISTORY:

International non-governmental organizations have a history dating back

to at least 1839.[12]

It has been estimated that by 1914, there were 1083

NGOs.[13]

International NGOs were important in the anti-slaverymovement and the movement for women's suffrage, and reached a peak

at the time of the World Disarmament Conference.[14]

However, the

phrase "non-governmental organization" only came into popular use

with the establishment of the United Nations Organization in 1945 with

provisions in Article 71 ofChapter 10 of the United Nations Charter[15]

for a consultative role for organizations which are neither governments

nor member statessee Consultative Status. The definition of

"international NGO" (INGO) is first given in resolution 288 (X) of

ECOSOC on February 27, 1950: it is defined as "any international
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-slavery_movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-slavery_movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_suffragehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Disarmament_Conferencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapter_10_of_the_United_Nations_Charterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapter_10_of_the_United_Nations_Charterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapter_10_of_the_United_Nations_Charterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consultative_Statushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consultative_Statushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapter_10_of_the_United_Nations_Charterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chapter_10_of_the_United_Nations_Charterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Disarmament_Conferencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Women%27s_suffragehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-slavery_movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-slavery_movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-11


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organization that is not founded by an international treaty". The vital

role of NGOs and other "major groups" in sustainable development was

recognized in Chapter 27[16]

ofAgenda 21, leading to intense

arrangements for a consultative relationship between the United Nations

and non-governmental organizations.[17]

Rapid development of the non-governmental sector occurred in western

countries as a result of the processes of restructuring of the welfare state.

Further globalization of that process occurred after the fall of the

communist system and was an important part of the Washington

consensus.[10]

Globalization during the 20th century gave rise to the importance of

NGOs. Many problems could not be solved within a nation.

International treaties and international organizations such as the World

Trade Organization were centred mainly on the interests of capitalist

enterprises. In an attempt to counterbalance this trend, NGOs have

developed to emphasize humanitarian issues, developmental aid and

sustainable development. A prominent example of this is the World

Social Forum, which is a rival convention to the World Economic

Forum held annually in January in Davos, Switzerland. The fifth WorldSocial Forum in Porto Alegre, Brazil, in January 2005 was attended by

representatives from more than 1,000 NGOs.[citation needed]

Some have

argued that in forums like these, NGOs take the place of what should
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_developmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agenda_21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welfare_statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_consensushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_consensushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-globall-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-globall-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-globall-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treatyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanitarianismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_aidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_developmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Social_Forumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Social_Forumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Economic_Forumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Economic_Forumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davos,_Switzerlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porto_Alegrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porto_Alegrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davos,_Switzerlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Economic_Forumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Economic_Forumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Social_Forumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Social_Forumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_developmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_aidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humanitarianismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treatyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-globall-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_consensushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_consensushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Globalizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welfare_statehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agenda_21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_development


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belong to popular movements of the poor. Others argue that NGOs are

often imperialist[18]

in nature, that they sometimes operate in a racialized

manner in third world countries, and that they fulfill a similar function to

that of the clergy during the high colonial era. The philosopher Peter

Hallward argues that they are an aristocratic form of politics.[19]

Whatever the case, NGO transnational networking is now extensive.[20]

Vision& mission:

Vision:

To help all deserving NGOs across India with their requirement for

funding.

Mission

1. To develop innovative ways of fundraising for helping NGOs with

their funding requirements.

2. To approach philanthropic individuals for raising contributions for

deserving NGOs across the country.

3. To work as an organization towards the eradication of unemployment

by providing various opportunities to able as well as disabled individuals

to earn a living.
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4. Providing equal opportunity of work to all.

5. Work towards the upliftment of one and all that form a part of the

communities that exist around us by offering our services and through

job creation.

6. To positively impact the societies that we work in.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages

1. They have the ability to experiment freely with innovative approaches

and, if necessary, to take risks.

2. They are flexible in adapting to local situations and responding to

local needs and therefore able to develop integrated projects, as well as

sectoral projects.

3. They enjoy good rapport with people and can render micro-assistance

to very poor people as they can identify those who are most in need and

tailor assistance to their needs.

4. They have the ability to communicate at all levels, from the

neighbourhood to the top levels of government.


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5. They are able to recruit both experts and highly motivated staff with

fewer restrictions than the government.

Disadvantages

1. Paternalistic attitudes restrict the degree of participation in

program/project design.

2. Restricted/constrained ways of approach to a problem or area.

3. Reduced/less replicability of an idea, due to non-representativeness of

the project or selected area, relatively small project coverage,

dependence on outside financial resources, etc.

4. "Territorial possessiveness" of an area or project reduces cooperation

between agencies, seen as threatening or competitive.

5. Top-down models of development minimize the role of local

knowledge and ownership to submit or conform to international norms

and expectations.

6. Dependency on external assistance decreases the pressure for local

and national governments to provide for their citizens.

NGO Regulation Network:
http://www.ngoregnet.org/http://www.ngoregnet.org/


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Charitable organizations usually take the legal form of a trust, society,

or non-profit company (also called not-for-profit organizations or

NGOs), and are regulated by a variety of state and central government

agencies, laws and authorities.

The Legal Framework

There are a variety of federal and state laws which are applicable to

charitable organizations and NGOs operating in India. These include:

Indian Trusts Act of 1882: This Act applies only to private trusts

throughout India except the state of Jammu and Kashmir and the

Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Bombay Public Trusts Act 1950: This legislation deals with charitable

trusts in the states of Maharashtra and Gujarat.

Charitable and Religious Trusts Act 1920: This law extends to the whole of

India except the State of Jammu and Kashmir. The Central Government

can extend its coverage to Jammu and Kashmir by notification in the

Official Gazette. Many states also have their own Public Trusts Acts, for

further information, please visit the following website:

www.indianngos.com

Societies Registration Act 1860:This is a federal Act and is applicable

generally to all states. However some regions had already enacted their
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own laws, others have made amendments or modifications to the Act,

and other states have passed completely new laws to regulate societies

leading to considerable variation across states.

Companies Act 1956:Section 25 of the Companies Act 1956 deals with

non-profit companies. This Act is a federal Act and applies to non-profit

companies operating in any state.

The Income Tax Act 1961It is a federal Act which applies in all states,

and governs tax exemption of not-for-profit organizations operating in

India. Funds received from overseas are governed by the Foreign

Contribution (Regulation) Act 1976.

Regulatory framework

The Registrar of Societieshas regulatory responsibility for societies. A

society can either register at the state level with the Registrar of

Societies or at the District level with the District Magistrate or the local

office of the Registrar of Societies.

The Registrar of Companiesis the regulatory authority for Section 25

companies.

Charitable trustsregistered under the Bombay Public Trusts Act,

applicable in Gujarat and Maharashtra, are regulated by the Charity

Commissioner in those states.


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Benefits of registration:

Non-profit organisations may be eligible for tax exemption under the

Income Tax Act 1961.

This stipulates that a not-for-profit organisation must:

be organised for religious or charitable purposes;

spend 85% of its income on the objects of the organisation; and

use all funds for the public benefit.

Charitable purposes include "relief of the poor, education, medical relief,

and the advancement of any other object of general public utility."NGOs

involved in relief work and in the distribution of relief supplies to the

needy are 100% exempt from Indian customs duty on the import of

items such as food, medicine, clothing and blankets.

Reporting Requirements:

The Societies Registration Act 1860 provides that each society has to

submit an annual report and list details of its managing body every year

to its local Registrar of Societies. The requirement to file accounts

differs between states. For further information on the reportingrequirements in different states, please see the following website:

www.indianngos.com
http://www.indianngos.com/http://www.indianngos.com/


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All trusts registered under the Bombay Public Trusts Act have to file

annual reports. In addition, trusts with an income above Rs 1500 per

annum have to submit audited accounts, and those with an annual

income below Rs 1500 have to submit income and expenditure

statements within 6 months of closing of accounts to the Charity

Commissioners office.

All section 25 companies have to file:

audited accounts;

an annual report;

an annual return with the Registrar of Companies; and

important resolutions.

Additional requirements for all directors and significant shareholders are

laid out in the Companies Act 1956.

Government - NGO policy

The Voluntary Action Cell for overall policy co-ordination is under the

Planning Commission. The Planning Commission sponsored a review of

charities administration in India, which included recommendations such

as:
http://planningcommission.nic.in./http://planningcommission.nic.in/reports/sereport/ser/stdy_cai.pdfhttp://planningcommission.nic.in/reports/sereport/ser/stdy_cai.pdfhttp://planningcommission.nic.in./


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simplifying the procedures for registration;

improving the infrastructure of the various regulatory bodies; and

enhancing public access to information about charitable organisations.

The NGO Sector

A 2003 report by PRIA estimated that there are nearly 1.3 million NGOs

operating in India, employing around 3.4% of the adult population and

their estimated total income for 1999-2000 was Rs. 17,922 crores.

Self-regulation

There are a number of self-regulatory initiatives that have been

developed by the Indian NGO sector, such as:

The Centre for Advancement of Philanthropy (CAP) provides

advice and guidance to public trusts and societies in India, theyhold seminars and training programmes as well as providing

publications.

The Credibility Alliance is a consortium of voluntary organisationscommitted towards enhancing accountability and transparency in

the voluntary sector through good governance. The Alliance has

developed an Accreditation System and Peer Group Review Model

to strengthen and enhance the legitimacy and the credibility of

individual organizations within the NGO sector.
http://www.ccss.jhu.edu/pdfs/PRIA/PRIA_Invisible_Yet_Widespread_2003.pdfhttp://www.pria.org/http://www.credall.org.in/http://www.credall.org.in/http://www.pria.org/http://www.ccss.jhu.edu/pdfs/PRIA/PRIA_Invisible_Yet_Widespread_2003.pdf


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Civil Society Accountability: Principles and Practice a toolkit forcivil society organizations in India is a capacity building guide for

organizations who wish to assess their accountability capabilities

and practices. This initiative was implemented by the One World

Trust with the support of the Commonwealth Foundation.

Types of NGOs

NGO type can be understood by orientation and level of co-operation.

NGO type by orientation

Charitable orientation; Service orientation; Participatory

Empowering orientation;

NGO type by level of co-operation

Community- Based Organization; City Wide Organization; National NGOs; International NGOs;

Apart from "NGO", often alternative terms are used as for example:

independent sector, volunteer sector, civil society, grassroots

organizations, transnational social movement organizations, private


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voluntary organizations, self-help organizations and non-state actors

(NSA's).

Non-governmental organizations are a heterogeneous group. A long list

of acronyms has developed around the term "NGO".

These include:

BINGO, short for Business-friendly International NGO or Big

International NGO;

National NGO: A non-governmental organization that exists onlyin one country. This term is usually rare due to the globalization of

Non-governmental organizations, which causes an NGO to exist in

more than one country.[6]

CSO, short for civil society organization; DONGO: Donor Organized NGO; ENGO: short for environmental NGO, such as Greenpeace and

WWF

NNGO, short for Northern non governmental organization. IDCIs, short for international development cooperation institutions. SNGOs, short for Southern nongovernmental organizations SCOS, also known as social change organizations
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GONGOs are government-operated NGOs, which may have beenset up by governments to look like NGOs in order to qualify for

outside aid or promote the interests of the government in question;

INGO stands for international NGO; Oxfam, INSPADINSTITUTE OF PEACE AND DEVELOPMENT "A European

Think Tank For Peace Initiatives" ;

QUANGOs are quasi-autonomous non-governmentalorganizations, such as the International Organization for

Standardization (ISO). (The ISO is actually not purely an NGO,

since its membership is by nation, and each nation is represented

by what the ISO Council determines to be the 'most broadly

representative' standardization body of a nation. That body might

itself be a nongovernmental organization;for example,the united

state is represented in ISO by the American National Standards

Institute, which is independent of the federal government.

However, other countries can be represented by national

governmental agencies; this is the trend in Europe.)

TANGO: short for technical assistance NGO; TNGO: short for transnational NGO; The term emerged during the

1970s due to the increase of environmental and economic issues inthe global community. TNGO includes non-governmental

organizations that are not confined to only one country, but exist in

two or more countries.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GONGOhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INGOhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxfamhttp://www.inspad.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QUANGOhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_National_Standards_Institutehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_National_Standards_Institutehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_National_Standards_Institutehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_National_Standards_Institutehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Organization_for_Standardizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/QUANGOhttp://www.inspad.org/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxfamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/INGOhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GONGO


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GSO: Grassroots Support Organization MANGO: short for market advocacy NGO NGDO: non-governmental development organization

USAID refers to NGOs asprivate voluntary organisations. However

many scholars have argued that this definition is highly problematic as

many NGOs are in fact state and corporate funded and managed projects

with professional staff.

Methods:

NGOs vary in their methods. Some act primarily as lobbyists, while

others primarily conduct programs and activities. For instance, an NGO

such as Oxfam, concerned with poverty alleviation, might provide needy

people with the equipment and skills to find food and clean drinking

water, whereas an NGO like the FFDA helps through investigation and

documentation of human rights violations and provides legal assistance

to victims of human rights abuses. Others, such as Afghanistan

Information Management Services, provide specialized technical

products and services to support development activities implemented on

the ground by other organizations.

Public relations

Non-governmental organisations need healthy relationships with the

public to meet their goals. Foundations and charities use sophisticated
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grassroots_Support_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USAIDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxfamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drinking_waterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drinking_waterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFDAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan_Information_Management_Serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan_Information_Management_Serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan_Information_Management_Serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan_Information_Management_Serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FFDAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drinking_waterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drinking_waterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxfamhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USAIDhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grassroots_Support_Organization


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public relations campaigns to raise funds and employ standard lobbying

techniques with governments. Interest groups may be of political

importance because of their ability to influence social and political

outcomes. A code of ethics[25]

was established in 2002 by The World

Association of Non Governmental NGOs.

Project management

There is an increasing awareness that management techniques are crucial

to project success in non-governmental organizations.[26]Generally, non-

governmental organizations that are private have either a community or

environmental focus. They address varieties of issues such as religion,

emergency aid, or humanitarian affairs. They mobilize public support

and voluntary contributions for aid; they often have strong links with

community groups in developing countries, and they often work in areas

where government-to-government aid is not possible. NGOs are

accepted as a part of the international relations landscape, and while they

influence national and multilateral policy-making, increasingly they are

more directly involved in local action.

Investment strategy:

With equity markets touching record highs, optimism among investors

seems unbounded. Markets appear like they can do no wrong and
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-governmental_organization#cite_note-24


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euphoria among the investor community is palpable. We present a 5-step

investment strategy for the present scenario.

1. Invest in tax-saving funds

Tax-saving funds in their new (as a part of Section 80C) avatar have

emerged as strong contenders from the equity-oriented funds segment.

Though conventionally tax-planning investments have been made in the

January-March period, the market-linked nature of tax-saving funds

necessitates a different approach.

Investors who can take on the risks associated with tax-saving funds

must consider making investments using the systematic investment plan

route at this stage. The same will ensure they can spread their

investments over longer time horizons and avail benefits of rupee cost

averaging. Also the 3-yr lock-in period means that investors stay

invested for the long haul and become indifferent to volatility during

shorter time frames.

2. Invest in large cap funds

There's a fair chance that your portfolio is burgeoned with funds

investing predominantly in the mid cap segment. This could be a result

of either your investments in the recently launched flexi cap/mid cap

funds; alternately the diversified equity funds you were invested in could

have changed tracks and become overweight in the mid cap segment.

The impressive performance of this segment notwithstanding, it exposes
http://www.personalfn.com/detail.asp?date=6/8/2005&story=1http://ads.rediff.com/5c/inbusinessA.rediff.com/business-article.htm/25593425/x15/default/empty.gif/646544457955365663493841446c7376http://www.personalfn.com/detail.asp?date=6/8/2005&story=1


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your portfolio to a high degree of riskon account of lack of

diversification.

It would be a good time to get invested in funds of the large cap variety;

maybe in small amounts and in select schemes but in line with your

overall risk profile. Remember mid cap stocks inherently carry more

risk. Admittedly the choices (in terms of large cap funds) available to

investors are limited; however it would provide investors the opportunity

to diversify their portfolios and be better insulated in case of a change in

trend in the markets.

3. Restructure your portfolio

The run-up in the equity markets could have led to a deviation from your

ideal/planned asset allocation. For example a moderate risk-taker

investor could now be holding a "higher than warranted" portion of his

portfolio in equities. This would be a right time to realign the portfolio

in sync with your risk-appetite. Booking a part of profits would also be a

good idea if investment objectives have been achieved.

Another opportunity such a scenario throws up is to dispose off poor

quality investments. Then, there could be investments in your portfolio

which don't match your risk profile or have already served their purpose.

Now's the time to sell them (thanks to the buoyant markets).
http://www.personalfn.com/detail.asp?date=9/7/2004&story=4http://www.personalfn.com/detail.asp?date=9/7/2004&story=4


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4. Curb your enthusiasm

All the excitement emanating from the markets notwithstanding,

investors must curb their enthusiasm. They should resist the temptation

to make a quick buck and continue to invest in line with their risk

profile. Adhering to one's risk appetite is essential, irrespective of the

market conditions.

5. Get sound advice

Getting sound investment advice is pertinent especially in times like we

are in today. A good investment advisor will help you successfully ride

the surge in markets and emerge winner; conversely he can also assist

you achieve your objectives, should the markets correct. Rest assured, if

the 'only' piece of advice your investment advisor offers you in the

current scenario is to get invested in equities, and that too in a lump sum

manner, he has his personal interest at heart and not yours.

SOME FAMOUS NGO OF INDIA


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COMPANY PROFILE: HUMAN WELFARE

ASSOCIATION, VARANASI (NGO)

HWA in brief:

The organization was the result of a movement which was organized by Dr. Rajani

Kant, Director, HWA to stop the Sewage Treatment Plant being installed at

Dinapur village. Being a research associate of B.H.U. as a Soil Scientist he was

quick to stop the hazards. A case was fought to high court but the local farmers

didnt back him up. HWA was then registered in 1991 to address the need of the

vulnerable Dalits and minority community at Varanasi rural area with focus to

women and children.

HWA has worked with a number of international and national organizations in 5

Blocks in two districts Varanasi and Mirzapur with 328 villages and urban slums

with more than 4 Lacks populations. HWA is registered under societys

registration act 1860, FCRA, Govt. Of INDIA, Section 80G and 12A under Income

Tax Department.


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VISION OF HWA, VARANASI

A peaceful, discrimination, exploitation free sustainable society where there is a all

sense of respect, dignity, quality, self esteem, service and participation with

women and children where there is equal opportunity with the provision of social

political, economic and cultural rights with eco-friendly, dignified living.

MISSION OF HWA, VARANASI

HWA's mission statement lays the foundation on which the perspective planning

exercise has been undertaken. It needs:HWA aims to organize and empower the

most disadvantaged sections of society for sustainable and comprehensive

development leading to improved quality of living.

VALUES OF HWA, VARANASI

Commitment and dedication to the process of empowering the poorestand most disadvantaged section the society.

Respect and confidence of /in the community whom we strive to

empower. Respect for traditional knowledge base, for tribal

communities and for women and confidence in their skills, abilities

and capacities.

Cost effectiveness and integrity in utilization of our resources-

finances, manpower, time and integrity of purpose and in financial

dealings.

Innovation and quality in our strategies and interventions, striving for

better quality and incorporation and sprit of innovation of all that we

do.


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HWA has worked with a number of international and national organizations in 5

Blocks in two districts Varanasi and Mirzapur with 328 villages and urban slums

with more than 4 Lacks populations. HWA is registered under societys

registration act 1860, FCRA, Govt. Of INDIA, Section 80G and 12A under Income

Tax Department. With All these efforts for Welfare of People's Living in and

around U.P. Human Welfare Association (HWA) has been working under different

Section.

ACTIVITIES FOR HUMAN WELFARE:

Basic Education Program

To intervene on the emerging challenges in the context of child labors at Varanasi,

PESproject started during July 2005 in this important city of east U.P with the

support of Terra des Homes, Germany. Most of the handloom weavers.

Child labour eradication programme: HWA started chid labour education

Programme just to stop the child labor.they tought that child labor create hassels in

the life of children.child labor was more active at shop and at home.


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AT SHOP

AT HOME

Weavers Development

Human Welfare Association(HWA), a Varanasi based NGO with the

support of Find Your FeetIndia, is intensively intervening for

empowering marginalized weavers through project Tana-Bana for the

last five years. At this moment the organization has facilitated to

establish a community based organization of weavers as BBS.


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WOMAN EMPOWERMENT:

Human welfare association, Varnasi is associated with the Women

Empowerment and Women rights issues since last 14 years through

economic, social & political empowerment activities


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VOCATIONAL TRAINING:

Vocational Trainingcentre (VTC) is providing opportunity to the rural students especially

girls could be trained for the self employment and self oriented income generation

works such as Electronics & Electrical Trades, Hand Embroidery, cutting-tailoring and

stitching, toys making, Paintings.

Advocacy

Human Welfare Association (HWA) has been working under different Section.

Inorder to Uplift the living standard of people living in and around U.P. HWA has

taken Part in different National & Internation Conferences & Traning Program

Joined hand with HWA .

Terre Des Hommes, Germany:- Promoting Elementary Schooling (PES)


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Project, Basic Education Program

Find Your Feet, UK :- Tana Bana Project & Weavers Rights &

Development.

Indo Global Social Services Society (IGSSS) - Scholarship Support

Program for poor talanted Students..

National Child Labor Project (NCLP), Ministry of Labor, Govt. Of

India - Main Streaming of Child Labor at varanasi through Education

Program

UNCTAD(United National Conference on Trade and Development)through Textile Committee, Govt. of India, Mumbai :- Promotion of

Varanasi Handloom Products (www.varanasiproducts.com), GI

(Geographical Indication) for Banarasi Sarees and Brockeds, Handloom

Mark.

Office Of DC Handicraft, Ministry of Textile, Govt. of India Ambedekar

Hast Shilp Vikas Yojana (AHVY) :- Promotion of traditional metal craft &

artisans at Varanasi. .

Rajiv Gandhi Foundation:-Vidya Gyan Scholarship Program

Scholarshipsupport to the Muslim and Dalit talented girls in the rural area

of Varanasi.. Read More

UNICEF Working with Human Welfare Association for upliftment and

development of People's living standard around Varanasi.Click Here for

Activity Images

SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAMME:
http://www.hwavaranasi.org/scholar_ship.htmlhttp://www.hwavaranasi.org/scholar_ship.htmlhttp://www.hwavaranasi.org/scholar_ship.htmlhttp://www.hwavaranasi.org/scholar_ship.htmlhttp://www.hwavaranasi.org/scholar_ship.htmlhttp://www.hwavaranasi.org/scholar_ship.htmlhttp://www.hwavaranasi.org/img_gall/unicef.htmlhttp://www.hwavaranasi.org/img_gall/unicef.htmlhttp://www.hwavaranasi.org/img_gall/unicef.htmlhttp://www.hwavaranasi.org/img_gall/unicef.htmlhttp://www.hwavaranasi.org/img_gall/unicef.htmlhttp://www.hwavaranasi.org/img_gall/unicef.htmlhttp://www.hwavaranasi.org/scholar_ship.htmlhttp://www.hwavaranasi.org/scholar_ship.htmlhttp://www.hwavaranasi.org/scholar_ship.html


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Rajeev Gandhi Foundation (RGF), New Delhi

For Implementing Vidya Gyan Scholarships

By Human Welfare Association (HWA), Varanasi

Acute poverty causes large number of children to drop out of school after the first

few years. While the overall enrollment of girls has increased over the years, the

dropout rate of girls from the marginalized and rural sections, especially at the

upper primary level onwards, is extremely high. The muslim and dalit girl child is

particularly vulnerable in this regard.Muslims and SCs/STs are the least literate

groups in both urban and rural India. The Rajeev Gandhi Foundation, in

partnership with the Sri Sivasubramniya Nadar Educational and Charitable Trust

(SSN Trust), has instituted Vidya Gyan Scholarships for Muslim and Dalit Girls

in three districts of Uttar Pradesh. HWA would be responsible for the

implementation of the Scholarship Programme in Lohta area of Kashi Vidyapeeth

Block, Varanasi district.

OBJECTIVE OF THE PROGRAMME

To provide educational opportunities to girls from muslim and dalit

communities which lag behind economically, educationally and socially and

enable them to move to better schools. .

To facilitate their achieving a better formal education through coaching and

other support.

To enhance their capacities and skills thereby empowering them.

SCOPE OF THE PROGRAMME

Class Number of Selected Girls


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VI 80 (74 by merit and 6 special cases)

IX 51 (42 by merit and 9 special cases)

Total 131 Students


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WOMAN EMPOWERMENT

. The project had aimed to bring about the social and economic betterment of

women. The core mechanism was the women's self-help groups, which were set upwith both financial (saving and lending) and community action objectives. The

project acted not as just "a credit-cum-subsidy project, but as a genuine process of

empowerment." The evaluation concluded that such empowerment lay in the

interaction between the social and economic aspects of the project

Four of the main processes that could lead to women's empowerment, as defined

by the IFAD evaluation, were:

changes in women's mobility and social interaction; changes in women's labour patterns; changes in women's access to and control over resources; and changes in women's control over decision-making.

Changes in women's mobility and interaction. The evaluation found that womenhad become more mobile and begun to have new interactions with a range of

officials. There was even a growing willingness on the part of group members to

approach the Panchayats and Collectors with petitions or grievances. In all, the

evaluation found that:

50% of women group members had visited new places and travelled longerdistances; and

94% had experienced new interactions with staff of institutions such asbanks, district and block development organizations, NGOs and the project

itself.


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The study observes that this type of change was most likely to occur among

women group members when:

the women involved were heads of households or were older; the women involved had participated in training; their group members had accessed a bank loan; their group had undertaken community action initiatives; or their group had been organized into a federation and encouraged to

participate in special events (such as Women's Day, Rural Women's Day)

Changes in women's labour patterns. The evaluation did not find any majorchanges in gender division of labour. However, there were indications of such

changes beginning. For instance, the group meetings themselves forced some of

the husbands to look after children and feed themselves while their wives attended

the meetings. The evaluation found that the extent to which men helped in

reproductive tasks was related to the health of the woman (men helped more if

women were sick), the type of household (men helped more in a nuclear

household), and the gender and age of the children (men helped less if girl children

were present to help).

There was comparatively greater change reported in non-domestic productive

tasks. Not all the changes in such labour patterns can be viewed as beneficial to

women.

Fully 30% of women who had taken bank loans reported a marked change ingender roles, and 70% reported a small change. (Greater change was

reported by women heads of households, which implies that changes in the


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division of labour were not always involved, but that the women themselves

adopted new productive roles.)

However, the income-generating activities of the majority of women inmale-headed households (for which loans had been taken) continued to be

managed by men (presumably, the women's husbands).

The workload of 94% of the women who had taken loans increasedcompared with their previous workload (many had been wage labourers).

Therefore, the changes in women's labour patterns were mixed, and not as positive

as along other dimensions. There was little indication that women's control over

their labour had undergone a marked change, and the evaluation noted that many

women may simply have gone from undertaking paid work outside the home to

becoming unpaid family labourers (in male-managed enterprises). At least self-

employment allows women the possibility to have better working conditions, save

on travel time, and be able to more effectively combine reproductive and

productive roles.

Changes in access to and control over resources. The evaluation also looked into

women group members' access to non-loan-related resources and benefits, and

particularly to common resources. It seems that a number of the groups undertook

activities that would give their communities better infrastructure or services, for

instance in water supply, child-care facilities, health care services and improved

roads. In this sense, they played a key role in promoting changes in collective

access to resources.

Changes in intra-household decision-making. The evaluation concluded that

there seemed to be a slight improvement in women's involvement in household

decision-making in male-headed households, on such issues as credit, the disposal


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of household assets, children's education, and family health care. However, the

traditional gender-based divisions persist in intra-household decision-making.

Women basically decide on food preparation, and men make the financial

decisions. But group members had become more aware of their property and

political rights (which was part of group training). As in the case of mobility and

social interaction, the evaluation again found greater improvements among women

heads of households, older women, and more educated women.

Human welfare association, Varnasiis associated with the Women

Empowerment and Women rights issues since last 14 years through economic,

social & political empowerment activities. We believe that without economic

empowerment social and political empowerment is not complete.

t Livelihood Promotion Program for women Educational activities for Women Active & Meaningful participation in decision making Strong Participation in Rural Development Fighting for their rights & survival

Educate Women for better Society ---- Human Welfare Association

HWA ACTIVITY TO ENHANCE WOMAN EMPOWERMENT

1.ADULT WOMAN EDUCATION

PROJECT PROGRESS

Objective-1: 90% children of the project areas are mainstreamed with formal

school education system:


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1.Key activities to pursue the proposed objectives: Successful conduction of15 NFE centers.

In order to pursue this objective the following activities were carried out

Survey:

The projectstarted with the survey of 45 Gram Panchayat (GPs) in 3 blocks. The

main purpose of the survey was to have information on number of woman

educated above 30 years. As an output of the survey, a total of 300 only 250 were

educated . This would be a potential group of woman to be mainstreamed with the

formal system of education during the project period.

Successful conduction of 15 centers.

Thebudget was allocated to run 15 centres in the remote area of the project but

besides 15 centers another 11 centers were run in various remote areas of the

project.. Project provided only two teachers in each center but other additional

teacher was paid by the community. In this way during these five years total 26

NFE centers has been run successfully. Up to now 1oo woman are finally

educated.

Enrollment Campaign:

After completion of survey, enrollment campaign was conducted covering 60

villages. The themes of campaign revolved around the importance of woman

education, Rights of woman and adverse impact of woman labor on society as

whole.


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Playing the important role to aware the parents and community for the education

and woman rights, enrollment campaign has been organized so that they may

understand the importance of education .Under the enrollment campaigns

following activities were conducted:

Rallies:

Rallies are the strength means of bringing confidence and frankness in the heart of

woman. Through the rallies these rural woman became able to express their own

views and thoughts before the external personality and media.

. According to the project goal, 600 rallies were in target but during these fiveyears of the Project, 900 Rallies had been organized in which significant

number of school children and their parents participated.

Street Play:

Street play based on various themes was performed by the children of Bal Adhikar

Manch in the various villages of the project area. According to the proposed

objective project had to organize 150 street play and with this from 2005 to 2010

the children of BAL Adhikar Manch has been performed 150 street play in 70

villages with 9900 community audience in which 4540 female, 2510 male and .

The participant was village Pradhan, BDC, Panchayat member, communities

leaders, women, young girls and parents.

The theme of street play was:

To bring awareness among womans about education How to oppose dowry for stopping crime for the poor girls. To be illiterate is the curse for the life. The rights of education to the girls should be given.


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Girls education. Gender discrimination. Dowry system Family life education.7 days training of street theatre was given by Mr. Amarnath Ghosh just to make

woman awared of education at HWA resource Centre from 10th

June to 16th

June,

2010.

Expectations: The chief expectation from this training were -woman may be able

to identify their talent. woman may be confidant to face and spread the good

message in the society through their role and play.

Consequences of these trainings:

With the result of the training, a special team of trained performer prepared and

they performed with their best in 75 various villages of the project area so that

more than more people might be aware and they would send their woman in the

schools

Wall writing:

Slogans on the importance of education and woman rights were carried out in all

the villages. 385 places have been covered with the wall writing on the walls with

the slogans on the importance of education, woman rights and awaking statements

for the community.

Door-to-Door Counseling:

In order to bring awareness among the community for their own development and

to educate their girls and boysdoor to door counseling was also carried out in the


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various villages, basti and purva to motivate the hard-core parents who generally

not inclined to send their woman.

Activities at the community level:

Project is very transparent with community because project believes that

community is also important stake holder of the organizations program and with

this concept project involve directly with community with ding their classes

regularly.

Meeting with Education Committee:

In order to strengthen monitoring of education committee at NFE level, during

these five years, a total of 900-meetings were held during the period. In the

meetings the progress assessment, problems related to school, and other

developmental issues were discussed.

Community meeting in small groups:

During these five years, up to now 1800 meeting at gram sabha level in the various

basti and purva has been organized by the NFE staff with the community of

there. In these meetings not only men but also women actively participated and

played their effective roles in the strengthening of the meetings. Various topics

were discussed in the meetings but some major and effective discussed topics are

given under below.

To bring awareness among them for sending their own girls and boys in theschools for educating them.

They should not ignore the girls child in any matter. They should be aware for their rights and information in the present scenario


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Need and importance of education as well as the role of parents in this matter. Need and importance of self help group for brining awareness and making self

reliant of men and especially women.

Parents should not indulge their children in child laboring.Establishment of a permanent vocational training center, SWAWLAMBAN

Inspired of with the success of Jalhupur V.T.C ,

HWA purchased a land of 8 biswa at Amauli

village, Bhagtua, in Chiraigaon block and with the

consent of PES project the construction of a grand

VTC building was started.

During the construction of the

building, Mr. and Mrs. Simon visited and inaugurated the

Swawlamban vocational training center on 19th

Oct.08. The

building of Swawlamban vocational training center was

prepared till June 09. After managing everything in the building properly, the

advertisement about it was started from July 09 at large level in the various

villages of Chiraigaon block. Consequently, girls from 10 to 12 villages began to

come there for enrolling themselves in various trades and getting training also.

Now the six various trades are being run in vocational training center. The six

trades are given below


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1. Tailoring and Cutting. ( Durationone years)2. Mehandi and Beautician. ( Durationone years)3. Panting and Soft toys making. ( Duration six months)4. Jari- darjodi and Embriodery. ( Duration six months)5. Woolen fabrics. ( Durationone years)6. Computer education and Spoken Eng. ( Durationone years)7. Mobile repairing both hardware and software8. Electrical and Electronics

In the session of July 2009- June 2010 total strength of the students in various

trades was 161 in which 89 girls have taked the training of cutting, tailoring;

embroidery 01; 47 girl are learning beautician course; 02 girls are learning

painting and flower making and 22 girls are nominated in computer course. 18

girls out of 161 are common who are taking training in two trades. Out of 18, 2

girls are taking the training of beautician and computer both and one girl is

taking sewing and computer both in the same way 15 girls are taking the training

of sewing and beautician course both.

In the new session of July, 2010 total 125 new girls are enrolled in various

trades. 13 girls in computer, 24 girls in beautician, 74 girls in tailoring and

cutting, 2 girls in painting and jari zardozi, 4 girls in mobile repairing and 8 girls

in Tv., CD

Besides it in the session of July, 2009 June, 2010 there were 175 girls takenthe vocational training in various trades remaining the five vocational training

centers. The centers run into two shifts. The first shift runs from 10 am to 12

pm and the second shift from 12: 30 pm to 2: 30 pm.


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In the new session of July, 2010 total 155 new girls are enrolled in other

remaining 5 vocational training center in tailoring and cutting and embroidery.

Staff of VTC

There is 6 professional staff who is giving their best to the girls in various

trades. Besides it, there is an office in- charge that makes an important role to

manage everything in the centre and with this a gate man is also appointed for

the safety point of views.

Support center for the dropout girls at Swawlamban vocational training

center on the demand of community: So many girls have left their study after

5th

or 8th

standard and they have to spend their lives only in household works.

After coming in the touch of vocational training center, they enrolled themselves

in the trade of cutting and tailoring. When they were doing their course, they saw

that computer and English spoken course were being run there. To see the

running classes of computer and English spoken, they expressed their desire for

learning the both course. Their base was not strong but their desire was very

much strong. So, seeing their desires and demand, a support center was managed

there for giving the support to those girls. At present 30 girls is getting benefit

through this support center. They are being taught English, Maths and General

Knowledge by an appointed teacher so that their base may be strong for computer

and English spoken classes and they may continue their study further.

Facility of Community library in Swawlamban VTC

To see a unique awareness among the girls and

community, a community library is being run in the


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building of Swawlamban vocational training center with various informative

books, English spoken books, general knowledge books, personality development

books, books related with computer and cutting and tailoring, daily newspapers

and popular magazines. So many girls are getting benefit with these useful study

materials and it helps them in their personality development

Impact: Really its a great achievement for the project that girls is not taking

only vocational training but also increasing their knowledge with the study of the

books, magazines and daily news papers. In the starting period mostly girls came

in the groups because they were not bold and they had no confidence to go out

side alone. But now due to great exposure, an effective change with a great self-

confidence has developed in the heart of girls. Now they can come alone in the

centre and they never miss their classes because now they have not to wait

another girl. Along with this so many girls began to play cricket, volleyball,

badminton, and football and carom board. Before it, they did not play these

games because they understood that these games were only for the boys.

Sunita said, I had became hopeless after passing 10 th class that I would get

married and my life would spent only with domestic work while I had a great

desire for learning vocational training like computer education. Meanwhile

Swawlamban vocational training center played its unique and effective role to

give a new ways of my life. After suffering with my parents, I became successful

to consent them for giving me permission to take computer education. Now I am

getting the education of computer and I have a very good understanding about the

personal computer.

Rashmi said, After passing 5th

class, I had to leave my study due to economical

problem of my family. Since then, I stayed at home and did the household works.


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I had a desired to learn professional and vocational courses but my desire was

suppressed due to not facility of vocational training center in the village.

Meanwhile, Swawlamban vocational training center awake my lost hope. I

enrolled myself at vocational training center for taking the training of cutting and

tailoring. I have completed my seven months at here. Now I prepare my own

cloths and save my money. Besides it, I read various story books, magazines and

daily news papers in the community library of vocational training center. After

issuing the books, I bring it at my home and tell the story and ethics to my

younger brother and sister.

Vocational trainings in various head

(i)Two days special skills training on flower making from 23-24 October08 at Jalhupur V.T.C: Apart from the regular training on the aforementioned

trades, a two days special skills training on flower making from cloths was

organizedfrom 23-24 October 08 at Jalhupur V.T.C. Naushaba, a supervisor

of the project conducted this training and trained 52 girls.

(ii)Flower making training in June, 09:Seeing the trend of flower making and its market value the girls demanded for

its training at all 5 VTC. So the training of flower making was organized at all

5 VTC with the trainer Naushaba. During the training she disclosed that in the

session of marriage the object and gift made by flower is demanded by the

people whatever in rural area or in urban area. Anyone can easily earn up to Rs

500 with this art. With this total 180 girls got training and became trained in

this trend.

(iii) Training Subject and trainee : (i)Textile & Painting (28 girls)(ii)Beauty Clinic (32 girls)


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Duration : From 8th

April to 22nd

June, 2010

Trainer : Nilam Verma & Rachna Sinha

Supported by : Rural Self Employment Training Institute

(RSETI),

A part of Union Bank of India.

Description: To make the rural girls self dependant, two vocational cum

professional training program organized at Swawlamban Vocational Training

Centre, Bhagatua, and Chiraigaon Block with the support RSETI (U.B.I.). The

D.G.M. of UBI inaugurated the training program in which 28 girls enrolled inTextile and Painting program and 32 girls in Clinical Beauty Program.

In textile and painting training, the trainer Mrs. Nilam Verma trained the girls in

block painting, glass painting, tie & dye fabric painting, marble painting, screen

painting, flower making, pot making, net painting, nib painting, stencil painting

and so on. She told how to prepare all these things on the board according to the

market demand. During the training, girls prepared various fabrics.

The chief objective of this training was to learn that how a simple cloth could get a

new and fancy look by designing, painting and printing according to the demand of

modern market.

Clinical Beauty:

The trainer Mrs. Rachana Sinha gave the modern

clinical beauty training to the girls up to 36 day.

During the training, she told practically that how a

person gets rid of various problems related with

hairs and head by using head spa machine. She told


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how to get rid of from the problems of curly hairs by using Striating machine. She

trained the way of reducing fat of stomach by Tummy Tufting method.

In such a way the treatment of skin related problem as spot, pimples, dark circle,

sun burnt etc. was told by using various machine like high frequency machine,

galvanic machine etc.

Besides it, the trainer trained them about various type of make-up as hair

coloring, massage, bridal makeup, night party makeup, nail art etc.

The main moto of both the training was to bring self dependency in the girls. And

the major benefit of this training for the girls was to get a government certificate on

which basis they could get loan from the bank for their own self employment.

(iv) Training Subject : Family Life Education & Reproduction andChild Health

Trainer : Dr. Anita Gautam

Participants : Adolescent Girls of VTC (total 60 girls 30 girls

in first batch & 30 girls in second batch total60)

Objectives of Training:

To develop a well understanding of girls on the various issues as need of

education, about gender discrimination, adolescent stat and change, about menses,

before and after delivery caring so that they may be carefull for their coming lives.

They would provide knowledge and information about it to the younger girls and

womens of their community and neighborhood. With these objectives the training

was organized in two batches of 30 girls from 24 to 27th

June, 2010 at Bhagatua

VTC. In this way total 60 girls became trained in this subject.


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(v) 10 days training of beauty clinic, painting and textiles:Observing the better output of Bhagtua vocational training centers girls

who earned and became confident through the beauty clinic, painting and

textiles training, the same training was given to the 40 minority girls at

Rahimpur center in Kashi vidyapeeth block from 25th

July 2010 to 5th

August, 2010. The training was given by Ms Noshaba.

(vi) 10 days training of bag and folder making:

In the sequence of making girls strengthen and vocationally professional the

training of making bag and folder with lather, cloths and rexin was given to

the 28 girls of Amauli vocational training center at Amauli from 21st

Aug

to 31st

Aug, 2010. The trainer was Mr. Hori Lal, a professional bag maker.

(vii) One month training of Food Preservation and Cooking:

The training of food preservation and cooking was given from 1st

Sep to 30th

Sep, 2010 at Amauli vocational training center, Bhagatua. The trainer Dr.R.C. Agrawal gave training ofFood preservation and Mrs. Asha gave the

training of various delicious Cooking. Both trainers were the government

teacher and they would provide a valid certificate of government to the girls

after conducting exam. In this way total 40 girls trained.

The rational behind this training is that to train the rural girls in modern

cooking and food preserving so that they may learn how to maintain health withnutritious fooding. They also can get job in small terms or they can start up their

own business in the village

Now, Varanasi women run madrassas


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Posted On: Tuesday, March 08, 2011http://w w w .educ http://ww w .educ

Binay Singh | TNN

Varanasi: Education has really caught up with Muslim women in Varanasi. While

many of them are setting true example of women empowerment through education

and livelihood promotion, some have even stormed a hitherto male frontier by

successfully running madrassas.

After completing my studies, I want to become a teacher because it is a noble

profession and will dispel the darkness of ignorance, said Juli Siddiqi, a native of

Mirzamurad who is pursuing her graduation at Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapeeth

(MGKV) with English and History as subjects. Julis enterprising younger sister,

Juhi Siddiqi, is a step ahead. Also a BA final-year student, she and another girl

Tanbeer Khanam run Madrassa Itehadul Musalmin in Mirzamurad. And hers is

not an isolated story.

Zarina, another Intermediate-pass Muslim girl, runs Madrassa Gulshan-e-Madinain Bhatpurwa village. Along with teaching the kids, I am also pursuing my studies

to become a graduate, she told TOI. Like Juhi and Zarina, many other Muslim

girls have come forward to discharge their duty towards a community that needs

urgent attention to enhance the educational level. Nisha Bano runs Madrassa

Talimate Hind in Pampapur, while Sahiba Bano started Madrassa Ahley Sunnat

Garib Nawaz in Kundariya. Ashrun Nisha and Afsari Bano teach kids at Madrassa

Khwaja Garib Nawaz in Rupapur and Samina Bano and Sabina Bano have started

Madrassa Arabiya Garib Nawaz in Chowki Kapsethi.

All these girls are getting support from organisations like Good Weave, Global

Fund for Children and Human Welfare Association (HWA) for educating children.


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Around 500 children are getting education in these madrassas in Sewapuri and

Araziline blocks of Varanasi. We realise that a new era of womens

empowerment is coming with education. Education and livelihood activities are

now in the hand of women and young girls in the deprived sections of the society.

It is not a matter of only higher-class people, but empowerment is being felt even

at the grassroots, HWA director Rajni Kant told TOI on the eve of the

International Women's Day on Monday. Besides, many girls have also been

running Tarakki Centres in areas like Benipur, Kurauna, Sajoi, Dindaspur,

Harsos with more than 750 children. They also provide vocational training to

young girls and personality development. Girls like Tabassum, Tarannum and

Rubina teach at Madrassa Ansar-ul-Ulum in Sajoi village. They also joined the

cutting and tailoring course operated under MEGA-SKY project supported by

USAID and Education Development Centre (EDC), New Delhi.

While all these madrassas came into existence last year, some other progressive

Muslim women like Razia Begum and Jamila Begum have also been running

madrassas in different areas for the past many years. Razia runs the Madrassa

Gausia near Bari Masjid and Jamila also runs Madrassa Kwaja Garib Nawaz at

Rahimpur in Lohata.

These rural women want 'certified' future


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Binay Singh, TNN Jun 18, 2011, 10.45pm IST

VARANASI: It's the herald of a new dawn. In the rural belt of Chiraigaon block,

hundreds of illiterate women are flocking together to get formal education for a

better future. Most of them have already shown their potential in various income

generating activities by forming self-help groups (SHGs) to support their families.

But, realising the importance of formal education, they want to be not just literate,

but actually educated. "Today, we are in a position to give credit to other people

and save them from the trap of moneylenders. But, due to lack of proper education,

we are not able to read and write and so are unable to develop in a more systematicmanner," said Munni Devi, a member of the self-help group in Ghughuri village.

However, Mahila Shakti Project by Human Welfare Association (HWA), with the

support of Sir Dorab Ji Tata Trust (SDTT),Mumbaiand basic education

department, will change all this. "The project aims to organise and empower the

most disadvantaged sections of rural women for a sustainable and comprehensive

development, leading to improved quality of living and empowerment through the

education initiatives," said Rajni Kant, the HWA president.
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/Mumbaihttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/Mumbaihttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/Mumbaihttp://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/topic/Mumbai


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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY OF PROJECT

RM referes to method reserch has uses in performing research operation in this I

have studied the various steps that are generally adopted by a researcher in

studying their search problem along with the logic behind them,when I talk of

reserch method I also consider te logic behind the method.

PROBLEM FORMULATION:

A large no of woman are not educated in Varanasi dist(rural area). Womans aree not aware of importance of education. Womans are not motivated. Working shift are lengthy. Skilled employee are required. Satisfaction is necessary for its employee to do work with free mind.

OBJECTIVES OF PROJECT:

To study the frequency of woman attending adult education classes Reason of absentism among the woman from these education programme To access wheather the trainer are attending and fulfilling their duties in a

proper manner.

RESEARCH DESIGN


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Every research project conducted scientifically has a specified framework for

controlling data collection.the framework is called the research design.Research

design is the arrangement of condition for collection and analysis of data in a

manner that aims to combine relevence to the research purpose with economy in

the procedure.This research was more exploratory and less descriptive in

nature.Exploratory because it helps in discovering new ideas and insigths and also

to obtain the relationship between variables and new idea relating to the research

problem.it is also up to some extent descriptive because it includes survey and fact

finding enquiries of different kinds,also it helps in descriptive research.there is no

control over variables one can only report what has happened or what is

happening.

DATA COLLECTION:

Data was collected from primary source are no secondry data was

available.structured direct interview were conducted with each respondent on a

personal cantact basis.A questionnaire had been formulated and Questions asked in

the prearranged order.The interview was semi formal in nature and answer were

recorded in uniform manner.The questionnaire was formulated in such a way that it

was clear,concise and easy for the employee to understand.

PERIOD OF STUDY: 5 Years

METHOD OF STUDY:

Research Design : exploratory Method

Research Method : Questionnaire Method

Survey Techniques : Personal Interview


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Sample size : 20

SOURCE OF INFORMATION:

Primary Data Secondary Data

Primary Data: For this I refer to personal interviews general discussion with the

womans .I prepared a format of questionnaire related to various issues .a copy of

the questionnaire is added in the appendex.

Sampling plan:

Elements:

Target population of the study included the all population of woman

Sample size:

Universe(all the worker population was under consideration)

Data Analysis Technique:

Convenience sampling technique is used for data analysis.

Data analysis Tools:

Pie charts and bar charts are used.

Secondary Data:

For this I refereed to company manuals ,books journals,company profile and

employment forms.


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Manuals Website of the company Questionnaire Statistical Tools & Techniques: Pie chart presentation

LIMITATION OF STUDY:

Womans were hesitating of sharing their views Some officers were hesitating of provding information. Findind are conditional. Limitation of the statistical tools. The secondary data reqired for the study is also limited. Woman are not talking as much intrested for personal interview. Authenticity of response was not utmost good faith.

SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY:

COMPANY:

Company will achieve its target easily and on time. Company improve team work as employee get to know each other better. Higher quality product and services due to providing social security by the

organisation.

Goodwill of company will increases.


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INDUSTRY:

Goodwill of company will increase thus industry would be morecompetetive regarding social security for workers.

Optimum utilization of skilled employee.EMPLOYEE/WORKER:

More energetic employee Worker would more productive Benefit which the company provide to workers.

Womans:

Woman became more educated as compared to earlier.Woman acquired knowledge by vocational training programme.Woman are now able to form the groups.


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ANALYSIS OF DATA

A) WOMAN ABSENTISM:1. Women are able to attend the classes due to housing.

2.Male person at home are allowing to go outside for study.

3. Understand the value of education

review

yes

no

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No 10

Cant say 4

Yes 7

No 10

Cant say 3

Yes 6

No 11

Cant say 4


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4. Education will lead in a proper way

5. There must be some rewards for coming class daily.

6. Feel ashamed of studying at this stage.

7. The study is relevant at this stage of life.

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no

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Yes No Can't Say

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No 9

Cant say 5

yes 10

no 6

Cant say 4

Yes 13

No 5

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EMPLOYEE COMMITMENT:

1. Timing decided by trainee for study is appropriate

2.the way of presentation is good.

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Yes

No

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no

can't Say

Yes 7

No 7

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Yes 9

No 7

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2. The syllabus is hard.

4. Able to interact with instructor

5.Basic study materials like pencil,book,copy,pen are provided by NGO

6.Intrested in sharing view with the trainer.

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Yes

No

can't say

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yes

No

can't Say

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no

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No 10

Cant say 5

Yes 9

No 6

Cant say 5

Yes 10

No 7

Cant say 3


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review

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Yes 12

No 7

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FINDINGS

It was found that employees are very co-operative with each other.The working condition which employee are working

Air condition & water cooler facilities Tea for refreshment Rest room

number of female employees is probably equal to to maleemplo

Documents

Kanti Repaired)