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Gio n ho hoc9 Tun: 1Tit: 1 Tiet 1:ON TAP Ngy son: Ngy dy :

I. Muc tieu- Gip hc sinh h thng li cc kin thc c bn hc lp 8:- Cc khi nim v oxit axit- baz- mui- Cc cng thc tnh mol, khi lng, nng %, nng mol- Rn luyn k nng:

+ Vit phng trnh ha hc+ K nng lm bi tp

II. Chuan b- Gio vin: H thng bi tp, cu hi- Hc sinh: n tp li cc kin thc hc lp 8III. Tien trnh bai day

1. n nh :Kim tra s s2. Kim tra bi c :Trong qu trnh n tp

3. Bi mi:Phng php Ni dungI. Hoat ong 1: n tp cc khi nim v cc ni dung

l thuyt c bn lp 81.Kin thc: GV:Gip hc sinh h thng li kin thclp8

2. Khi nim:- GVYCHS : Nhc li thnh phn oxit, axit, baz, mui3. Cng thc:-HS: Nhc li cc cng thc thng dng

II. Hoat ong 2: Bai tap

I.Cac khai niem ve kien thc c ban 1

1. Kin thc:

2. Khi nim: Oxit -Baz Axit - Mui3. Cc cng thc thng dng:

a. n =M

mm=n.M

M=n

m

b. n=4.22

V => V= n.22.4

c. CM= V n

n=CM.V

d. C%=dd

ct

mm

. 100%

mct=C%.mdd/100%mdd= mct.100%/C%

mdd= mct+ mdmmdd= V(ml). D

e. dA/kk =29

AM

dA/B= B

A

M M

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Cht Nguynt

Phn t Hp cht

n cht

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Gio n ho hoc9 1. Hon thnh PTHH sau:

P + O2 ?Zn + ? ? + H2? + ? H2O Na + ? ? + H2P2O5 + ? 2H3PO4

CuO + ? Cu + ?GV: Hng dn HS hon thnh cc PT trn2. Bi tps 3(BS/1-6)Ho tan 2,8 (g) Fe bng dung dch HCl 2M va a. Tnh th tch dd HCl cn dng b. Tnh th tch Hiro thot ra ktcc. Tnh CMca dd thu c sau phn ng(bit th tch ddsau phn ng thay i khng ng k.GVYCHH: -Xc nh dng bi tp

-Tm tt bi ton- Nu cc bc gii bi ton

GV:Hng dn HS gii biHS: Gii bi.-Nhn xt

II. Bai tap c ban:1. Hon thnh PTHH :

4P + 5O2 2P2O5Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 +H22H2 +O2 2H2O2Na +2H2O 2NaOH +H2

P2O5 +3H2O 2H3PO4CuO +H2 Cu + H2O

2. Bi ton:Gii bi s 3

Tm tt:mFe = 2,8 (g)

gt CM(HCl) =2M

kl a. Vdd(HCl) = ?b. VH 2 = ?c. CM HCl = ?

nFe = 05,056

8,2==

Fe

Fe

M m

mol

Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2TPT 1 : 2 : 1 : 1T: 0,05 x=0,1

a) Ta c: CM (HCl)= HCl

HCl

V

n

=> VHCl=05,0

2

1,0

)(

==

HCl M

HCl

C

n

(l) b) VH 2 = n . 22,4 =0,05 .22,4 =1,12 (l)c) VddFeCl2 = VddHCl = 0,05 (mol)

Ta c: CMFeCl2 = V n

= 05,005,0

=1 M

4. Cng c:Trong qu trnh dy hc5. Dn d:

HSxem trc bi miIV. Rut kinh nghiem

Tun: 1 Tit: 2 Chng I: CAC LOAI HP CHAT VO C

Ngy son: Bai 1: TNH CHAT HOA HOC CUA OXIT Ngy dy : KHAI QUAT VE S PHAN LOAI OXIT

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Gio n ho hoc9

I. Muc tieu- Hc sinh nm c tnh cht ha hc ca oxit baz, oxit axit v dn ra c nhng phha hc tng ng vi mi tnh cht- Hc sinh hiu c c s phn loi oxit l da vo tnh cht ha hc ca chng

II. Chuan b- Gio vin:

+ Ha cht: CuO, dd HCl, dd Ca(OH)2, CaO ,nc, qu tm+ Dng c: ng nghim, Gi ng nghim,cc thy tinh, n cn,

- Hc sinh:Xem trc ni dung bi hc(sgk/4,5)III. Tien trnh bai day

1. n nh lp:Kim tra s so2. Kim tra bi c:

- Nu khi nim oxit?- C my loi oxit

3. Bi mi:Phng php Ni dung

I. Hoat ong I :(Hc sinh k i v ghi tnh cht ha hcca hai loi oxit)1. Tm hiu tnh cht ha hc ca oxit baz

a. Tc dng vi nc:Gv: Hng dn hc sinh cch tin hnh th nghim CaO tcdng vi nc, dng giy qu tm nhn bit sn phm thuc.Hs: Nhn xt hin tng, gii thch, vit phng trnh ha hc.Gv: Thng bo mt s oxit baz nh Na2O, K 2O, BaO cngc phn ng tng t.

b. Tc dng vi axit:Hs: c phn th nghim Sgk. Tin hnh th nghim, quan sthin tng. Gii thch Vit phng trnh ha hc ca phnng xy ra.

c. Tc dng vi oxit axit :Hs: c thng tin sgk.Gv: Yu cu hc sinh vit phng trnh ha hc ca phn nggia BaO v CO22. Tm hiu tnh cht ha hc ca oxit axit:

a. Tc dng vi ncHs: c thng tin sgk.Gv: Thng bo cc axit tng ng ca cc oxit axit thng gp.Hs: Vit mt s phng trnh ha hc.b. Tc dng vi dung dch baz:Gv iu ch trc kh CO2, hc sinh tin hnh th nghim:CO2 + Ca(OH)2.Gv: Hng dn hc sinh cch tin hnh th nghim.Hs: Tin hnh th nghim, quan st hin tng, gii thch. Vit phng trnh ha hc ca phn ng.c. Tc dng vi oxit baz :II. Hot ng 2: Tm hiu v s phn loi oxitHs: c thng tin sgk. Tr li cc cu hi sau:

- Cn c vo u phn loi oxit?

I. Tnh chat hoa hoc cua oxit1. Oxit baz c nhng tnh cht ha

hc no?a. Tc dng vi nc.Mts Oxit baz + ncddBaz( kim)

PTHH: CaO(r) + H2O(l) Ca(OH)2(r)

b. Tc dng vi axit.Oxit baz + Axit Mui + ncPTHH:CuO(dd) + 2HCl(dd) CuCl2 (dd)+ H2O(l)c. Tc dng vi oxit axit Mt sOxit baz + Oxit axitMuiPTHH:

BaO(r) + CO2(k) BaCO3(r)

2. Oxit axit c nhng tnh cht hahc no?a. Tc dng vi nc:- Nhiu Oxit axit + ncdd Axit:PTHHP2O5(r)+ 3H2O(l) 2H3PO4(dd)SO2(k) + H2O(l) H2SO3(dd)b. Tc dng vi baz . Oxit axit +dd Baz Mui + nc

PTHH:CO2(k) +Ca(OH)2(dd) CaCO3(r) +

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Gio n ho hoc9

- C nhng loi oxit no? Cho v d. H2O(l)c. Tc dng vi oxit bz

Oxit axit +mt s Oxit baz MuiII. Khi qut v s phn loi oxit1. Oxit baz: Na2O, CuO, BaO,Fe2O3,..2. Oxit axit: SO2, SO3, N2O5, 3. Oxit lng tnh: ZnO, Al2O3,4.Oxit trung tnh: CO, NO,

4. Cung co:Cho cc oxit sau: K 2O, Fe2O3, SO3, P2O5. Trong cc oxit trn, oxit no tc dngc vi

a. Ncb. Dung dch H2SO4 longc. Dung dch NaOH

Vit phng trnh ha hc.5. Dan do:

Lm bi tp sgk.Hc bi, xem trc bi mi.IV. Rut kinh nghiem:

Tun: 2 Tit: 3 Bai 2: Ngy son: MOT SO OXIT QUAN TRONG (T1) Ngy dy:

I. Muc tieu- Hc sinh hiu tnh cht ha hc ca canxi oxit.- Nm cc ng dng ca canxi oxit trong i sng v trong sn xut

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Gio n ho hoc9 - Bit phng php sn xut canxi oxit trong cng nghip, v nhng phn ng ha hc lmcho qu trnh iu ch.

II. Chuan b- Dng c: ng nghim, a thy tinh,Tranh nh l nung vi- Ha cht: CaO, HCl, H2O, giy qu tm.

III. Tien trnh bai day1. n nh :Kim tra s s2. Kim tra bi c:

HS1: Nu tnh cht ho hc ca oxit axit? vit PT minh ho?HS2: Lm bi tp 4/SGK

3. Bi mi:Phng php Ni dung

I. Hoat ong 1:- Hy cho bit: CTHH ca canxi oxit?- Tn thng thng ca canxi oxit

1. Tm hiu cc tnh chat vat l ca canxi oxit:Gv: Yu cu hc sinh quan st mt mu CaO v nu cc

tnh cht vt l c bn.2. Tnh cht ho hc:GV: CaO thuc loi oxit g?GV: Chng ta bit CaO l mt oxit baz, chng ta stin hnh mt s th nghim chng minh.a. Tc dng vi nc:HS: c th nghim sgk.GV: Tin hnh th nghim trong a thy tinh.HS: Quan st hin tng Gii thch Vit phng trnhha hc ca phn ng theo nhm Nhn xt kin tngnhm.GV: - Ca(OH)2 tan t trong nc, phn tan to thnh dungdch baz.

- CaO c tnh ht m mnh nn c dng lm khnhiu cht.b. Tc dng vi axit:HS: Tm hiu th nghim sgk (H 1.3). Vit phng trnhha hc ca phn ng.GV: Tin hnh th nghim CaO + H2SO4.HS: Quan st hin tng Gii thch Vit phng trnhha hc ca phn ng theo nhm Nhn xt kin tngnhm.GV: Da vo hai phng trnh ha hc hy gii thch tisao trong trng trt, hay trong vic x l nc thi ca ccnh my ha cht ngi ta hay dng vi sng?GV: Ti sao CaO lu ngy trong khng kh cht lngli gim?- Vit phng trnh ha hc gii thch?c. Tc dng vi oxit axit :II. Hoat ong 2: Tm hiu cc ng dng ca CaOGV: Trong thc t cuc sng, CaO c dng lm g?HS: Nu mt s ng dng bit.GV: Yu cu hc sinh c sgk, b sung thm cc ngdng cn thiu.III. Hoat ong 3:Tm hiu v vic sn xut CaOGV: Yu cu hc sinh c thng tin sgk.

A. CANXI OXITI. Canxi oxit co nhng tnh chat nao?1. Tnh cht vt l- Canxi oxit l cht rn mu trng, nngchy nhit rt cao (25850C).

2. Tnh cht ho hc:- CaO c y tnh cht ha hc camt oxit baz

a.Tc dng vi nc:

PTHH:CaO(r) + H2O(l) Ca(OH)2(r)

b. Tc dng vi axit:PTHH:CaO(r)+2HCl(dd) CaCl2(dd)+ H2O(l) CaO(r)+H2SO4(dd) CaSO4(r)+ H2O(l)

c. Tc dng vi oxit axit:PTHH:

CaO(r) + CO2(k) CaCO3II.Canxi oxit co nhng ng dung g?Can xioxit c dng trong cng nghip

luyn kim, l cng nghip ha hc,vdng kh chua t,st trng dit nm, khc mi trng..

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Ca(OH)2CaCl2Ca(NO3)2CaCO3

t0

Gio n ho hoc9

Tr li cc sau:- Nu cc nguyn liu, nhin liu dng sn xutCaO?- Nu cc phn ng ha hc xy ra trong l nungvi?

GV: Gii thiu cc dng l nung vi.Gii thchVit phng trnh ha hc xy ra trong l nung v

III. San xuat canxi oxit nh the nao?

Nguyn liu:- vi.- Cht t l than , ci-PTHH:

C(r) + O2(k) CO2(k)

CaCO3(r) CaO(r) + CO2(k)

4. Cung co:HS: c mc Em c bitVit phng trnh ha hc cho mi bin i sau:

CaCO3 CaO

5. Dan do:Hc bi c. Chun b bi miLm bi tp1,2,3,4 sgk/9

IV. Rut kinh nghiem

Tun: 2 Tit: 4 Bai 2:

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Gio n ho hoc9 Ngy son: MOT SO OXIT QUAN TRONG (tt) Ngy dy :

I. Muc tieu:- Hc sinh hiu c:- Tnh cht ha hc ca SO2 ,cc ng dng ca SO2- Phng php iu chSO2 trong phng th nghimv trong cng nghip.- Tip tc rn luyn k nng vit phng trnh ha hc.

II. Chuan b:- Gio vin:

+ Dng c: ng nghim, b ng dn kh, ng nh git+ Ha cht: Na2SO3, HCl, Ca(OH)2 , qu tm

- Hc sinh: n li tnh cht ha hc ca oxit axitIII. Tien trnh bai day:

1. n nh:Kim tra s s2. Kim tra bi c :

HS1 : Hy nu tnh cht ho hc ca oxit axit v vit PTHH minh ho? (Gc bng)

HS 2: Lm bi tp 4 SGK 3. Bi mi:Phng php Ni dung

I. Hoat ong 1:Tm hiu cc tnh cht ca SO2.

1. Tnh cht vt l:GV: Gii thiu tnh cht vt l ca SO2

2. Tnh cht ho hc-GV: SO2 l oxit g?( SO2 l mt oxit axit) SO2 ctnh cht ca mt oxit axit khng?.HS: Kim chng bng cc th nghima. Tc dng vi ncGV: Tin hnh th nghim iu ch SO2, (Gii thiucc cht tham gia phn ng)dng giy qu m nhn bit dung dch H2SO3 to thnh.HS: Vit phng trnh ha hc.GV: thng bo thm v ma axit cng nh tc hica ma axit.

b. Tc dng vi dd baz GV: Tin hnh th nghim SO2 + Ca(OH)2.HS: Quan st hin tng. Nhn xt. Vit phngtrnh ha hc.c. Tc dng vi oxit baz:GV: Yu cu hc sinh nhc li tnh cht ny, ly vd minh ha.

II. Hot ng 2: Tm hiu cc ng dng ca SO2.HS: c thng tin sgk. Nu cc ng dng ca luhunh ioxit.

GV: B sungIII. Hoat ong 3: iu ch lu hunh ioxit nh

B.LU HUYNH I OXITI. Lu huynh i oxit co nhng tnh chat

g?

1. Tnh cht vt l. * Lu hunh ioxit l cht kh khng mu, mihc, c. nng hn khng kh.2. Tnh cht ho hc:

a. Tc dng vi nc:

SO2(k) + H2O(l) H2SO3(dd)

b. Tc dng vi dd baz:

SO2(k) + Ca(OH)2(dd) CaSO3(r) + H2O(l)

c. Tc dng vi oxit baz:O2(k) + Na2O(r) Na2SO3(r)

Kt lun:- Lu hunh ioxit l oxit axit

II. Lu huynh i oxit co nhng ngdung g?

- Dng sn xut H2SO4 - Dng lm cht ty trngbt g- Cht dit nm mc

III. ieu che lu huynh i oxit nh the

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Gio n ho hoc9

th no?1. Trong phng th nghimGV Yu cu hc sinh

- Nhc li cc cht dng iu ch SO2trong phn I.1

- c thng tin sgk, hon thnh phng trnhha hc ca phn ng iu ch SO2 trong phng thnghim.GV: Hng dn hc sinh cch thu kh SO2. Giithiu s lc phn ng gia Cu vi H2SO4 c, nng.2. Trong cng nghipHS: c thng tin sgk, nu cc phng php iuch SO2 trong cng nghip

nao?1. Trong phng th nghim

Mui sunfit + dd axit (HCl, H2SO4) Na2SO3(r) + H2SO4(dd) Na2SO4(dd)

+ H2O(l) +SO2(k)

2. Trong cng nghip:S + O2 SO24FeS2 +11O2 2Fe2O3 +8SO2

4. Cng c:

Hc sinh lm bi tp 1/11 sgk.5. Dn d:Lm bi tp sgk.Hc bi, xem trc bi mi

IV. Rut kinh nghiem:

Tun : 3 Tit: 5 Bai 3: Ngy son: TNH CHAT HOA HOC CUA AXIT Ngy dy :

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Gio n ho hoc9

I. Muc tieu bai hoc- Hc sinh bit cc tnh cht ha hc chung ca axit, dn ra c nhng phng trnh

tng ng cho mi tnh cht.- Vn dng nhng hiu bit v tnh cht ha hc gii thch mt s hin tng trong - Vn dng nhng tnh cht ha hc ca axit lm bi tp.

II. Chuan b:- Ha cht: ddHCl, H2SO4 long, Zn, CuSO4, NaOH,qu tm,Fe2O3- Dng c: ng nghim, ng nh git, a thy tinh

III. Tien trnh bai day1. On nh:Kim tra s s2. Kim tra bi c :

- Oxit baz c nhng tnh cht ha hc no3. Bi mi:

Phng php Ni dungI. Hoat ong 1: Tm hiu tnh cht ha hc ca

axit1. Axit lm i mu cht ch th mu

GV: Hng dn cc nhm lm th nghim sau: Nhmt git dung dch HCl vo mu giy qu tm.HS: Tin hnh th nghim Quan st hin tng Nhn xt.GV: Kt lunGV: Yu cu hc sinh lm bi tp sau:

* Trnh by phng php nhn bit ccdung dch khng mu: NaOH, HCl, NaCl?HV: Tho lun nhm. Trnh by vo v bi tp. Nhnxt gia cc nhm.* Ln lt cho giy qu vo cc dung dch cn th,nu:

- Qu tm : dung dch HCl- Qu tm xanh: dung dch NaOH- Qu tm khng i mu: dd NaCl2. Axit tc dng vi kim loi:

GV: Hng dn hc sinh tin hnh cc th nghimsau:

- Fe + HCl- Cu + HCl

HS: Quan st hin tng. Nhn xt. Vit phngtrnh ha hc.- Hc sinh vit cc PTHH trn bng.GV: Gii thiu tnh cht c bit ca HNO3, H2SO4c

3. Axit tc dng vi baz HS: Tm hiu phn th nghim sgk.GV: Hng dn cch iu ch, lc ly Cu(OH)2.HS: Tin hnh th nghim. Quan st hin tng, nhnxt. Vit phng trnh ha hc.GV: Nhn mnh: axit c th tc dng vi c baz tan

v baz khng tan.GV: Phn ng gia axit vi baz cn c gi l phn ng g?

I. Tnh chat hoa hoc cua axit

1. Axit lm i mu cht ch th

mu:

-ddaxit lm qu tm

2. Axit tc dng vi kim loi:

. ddaxit + kim loi mui + HiroPT:2HCl(dd) + Fe(r) FeCl2(dd)+ H2(k)3H2SO4(dd)+2Al(r) Al2(SO4)3(dd)+3H2(k)

Ch :Axit:HNO3vH2SO4 c tc dng c vinhiu kim loi nhng khng gii phnghiro .

3.Axit tc dng vi baz.(phn ng trung ho)

Axit + baz mui + ncH2SO4(l)+ Cu(OH)2(r) CuSO4(dd)

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Gio n ho hoc9 GV: Nu mt vi ng dng ca phn ng trung hatrong cuc sng.

4. Axit tc dng vi oxit baz -Nhm hc sinh tin hnh th nghim CuO + HCltheo hng dn ca GV

-HS: Quan st hin tng, nhn xt. Vit phngtrnh ha hc.GV: lu hc sinh mu ca dung dch mui ng(II) v dung dch mui st (III).5. Axit + Mui(hc bi 9)II. Hot ng2.Axit mnh , Axit yuGV:Gii thiu cc axit mnh, axit yu

+2H2O(l)

4. Axit tc dng vi oxit baz :Axit + oxit baz mui + H2O

HCldd ++Fe2O3 r FeCl3 dd +H2O l

2HCl(dd) + CuO(r) CuCl2(dd)+ H2O(l)

5. Axit tc dng vi mui(hc bi 9)

II. Axit manh v axit yu- Axit mnh: HCl, HNO3, H2SO4..- Axit yu: H2S, H2CO3

4. Cng c Hc sinh lm bi tp 2/14sgk

5. Dn dLm bi tp sgk.Hc bi c, xem trc bi mi.IV. Rt kinh nghim:

Tun: 3 Tit: 6 Bai 4: Ngy son: MOT SO AXIT QUAN TRONG (T1) Ngy dy :

I. Muc tieu:

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Gio n ho hoc9

- Hc sinh bit tnh cht ca axit HCl, axit H2SO4 long: c y tnh cht ha hc ca axiVit ng phng trnh ha hc cho mi cht.- H2SO4 c c nhng tnh cht ha hc ring.- Nu c cc ng dng ca hai axit trong i sng v sn xut- S dng an ton cc axit trong phng th nghim.

II. Chuan b:- Gio vin:

+ Ha cht: HCl, H2SO4, Fe, Zn, Cu, Al, qu tm, NaOH, CuSO4, CuO.+ Dng c: ng nghim, a thy tinh,

- Hc sinh: Nm vng cc tnh cht ca axit III. Tien trnh bai day

1. n nh: Kim tra s s2. Kim tra bi c :

HS 1: Nu tnh cht ha hc chung ca axit, vit PTHH minh ha. (hc sinh ghi trn gc bng).

HS 2: Lm bi tp 3 SGK 3. Bi mi:

Phng php Ni dungI. Hoat ong 1: HCl1. Tnh cht HS quan st l ng dd HCl nu cc tnh cht vt l caaxit clohiricGV:?HCl thuc loi axit no( mnh hay yu)?- HS lm th nghimtheo hng dn ca GV-i din nhm bo co , nhm khc b sungGV cht liHS: vit PTHH

2.ng dng:-GV: thuyt trnh ng dng HCl

II. Hoat ong 2: B.H2SO4I. Tnh chat vat ly:-HS quan st l ng H2SO4c nhn xt v tnh cht vtl-GV: hng dn HS cch pha long axitsunfuric

A. Axit clohiDric: HCl1. Tnh cht

-Dung dch kh clorua trong ncgi l axitclohiric-HCl c tnh cht HH ca 1 axitmnh:a) Lm i mu qu tm. b) Tc dng vi nhiu kim loimui clorua + hiro

)(2)(2)()(2 k dd r dd H ZnCl Zn HCl ++

c)Tc dng vi baz muiclorua + nc

O H CuCl OH Cu HCl dd r dd 2)(2)(2)( 2)(2 ++

d) Tc dng vi oxit baz muiclorua +nc

O H CuCl CuO HCl dd r dd 2)(2)()(2 ++

e) Tc dng vi mui(hc bi g)2. ng dng:

- iu ch mui clorua- Lm sch b mt kim loi- Ty g kim loi- Ch bin thc phm, dc phm

B. Axit sunfuric (H2SO4)I. Tnh chat vat ly:

* Axit sunfuric l cht lng snh,khng mu, khng bay hi, tannhiu trong nc(to nhiu nhit),d = 1,83 (98%),Ch:Khiphalongaxitsunfuric c phi rt t t axit c vo l ngsn nc ri khuy u.

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Gio n ho hoc9

II. Tnh chat hoa hoc1. Tnh cht H 2SO4 long -GV Thuyt trnh H2SO4 long c y tnh cht HHca axit-NhmHS:VitPTHH- GV: a ra p n. Cc nhm trao i cho nhn xtchm im

II. Tnh chat hoa hoc1.Tnh cht H 2SO4Axit sunfuric c tnh cht ho hc

ca axit:

a) Lm i mu qu tm

b) Tc dng vi kim loimuisunfat +v kh hiro)(2)(4)()(42 k dd r l H ZnSO ZnSO H ++

c)Tc dng vi baz muisunfat + nc

O H CuSOOH CuSO H dd r l 2)(4)(2)(42 2)( ++

d)Tc dng vi oxit baz muisunfat + nc

O H CuSOCuOSO H dd r l 2)(4)(2)(42 ++

4. Cng c Cho cc cht sau: Ba(OH)2, Fe(OH)3, SO3, K 2O, Mg, Cu, CuO, P2O5. Hy vit phng trnh ha hcca cc cht trn (nu c) vi cc cht NcDung dch H2SO4 long

Dung dch HCl5. Dn dLm bi tp sgk.Hc bi c, xem trc bi mi.

IV. Rut kinh nghiem

Tun : 4 Tit : 7 Bai 4: Ngy son: MOT SO AXIT QUAN TRONG (tt) Ngy dy :

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Gio n ho hoc9

I. Muc tieu: Hc sinh bit c- H2SO4 c c nhng tnh cht ha hc ring, dn ra c cc phng trnh ha hc cho ccht ny.- Bit cch nhn bit H2SO4 v mui sunfat- Nhng ng dng ca H2SO4 trong i sng v sn xut- Cc nguyn liu v cng on sn xut H2SO4 trong cng nghip- Rn k nng vit phng trnh ha hc, lm bi tp nhn bit cc cht, lm bi tp inh l

II. Chuan b- Gio vin:

+ Dng c: gi ng nghim, ng nghim, kp g, n cn, ng nh git+ Ha cht: H2SO4, (long v c), Cu, dung dch BaCl2, dung dch Na2SO4, dung dch HCl,

dung dch NaCl, dung dch NaOHIII.Tien trnh bai hoc:

1. n nh lp:Kim tra s s2. Bi c:3. Bi mi:

Phng php Ni dungIII. Hot ng 2:2.Tm hiu cc tnh cht ha hc ring ca H2SO4 c

a. GV:Lm th nghim v tnh cht c bit caaxitH2SO4 cGi HS nu hin tng rt ra nhn xtGV:Kh thot ra ng nghim l kh SO2 ,v dd muxanh lam l CuSO4HS: Nhn xt Vit phng trnh ha hc.GV: Ngoi ng H2SO4 c cn tc dng vi nhiu

kim loi khc (k c kim loi hot ng ha hc yu)khng gii phng hiro.GV: Yu cu hc sinh ly v d Zn + H2SO4(c, nng)so snh khi Zn + H2SO4(lang).b. Tnh ho nc:GV: Ngoi tnh cht trn, H2SO4 c cn c tnh chtno, chng ta cng tm hiu qua th nghim sau. Giovin tin hnh th nghim sgk.HS: Quan st Nu hin tng ca phn ng.GV: Gii thch hin tng: Khi Cacbon sinh ra b oxiha bi H2SO4 c to thnh kh CO2 gy si bttrong cc, lm cacbon tro ra khi ming cc.HS Vit phng trnh ha hc.GV: Lu hc sinh thn trong khi dng H2SO4 c.(Lin h thc t: Dng H2SO4(long) vit ch, khic th h nng ln.

IV. Hoat ong 3:Tm hiu cc ng dng ca H 2SO4

GV: Treo tranh 1.12. Yu cu hc sinh quan st, nucc ng dng ca H2SO4HS: Quan st tranh, nu ng dng.Gv: Cht li

III. Axit sunfuric c c nhng tnh cht hahc ring:

.a Tc dng vi kim loiH2SO4 c tc dng vi nhiu kim loi nhngkhng gii phng hiroH2SO4(c)+ Cu(r) CuSO4(dd)+

2H2O(l) + SO2(k)

.b Tnh ho nc:Axit sun fuaric c htnc mnh

C12H22O11 12C + 11H2O

IV. Sn xut H2SO41. Nguyn liu:lu hunh hoc qung pirit,khng kh v nc.

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Gio n ho hoc9 V. Hot ng 4:Tm hiu vic sn xut H 2SO4HS: c thng tin sgk, nu nguyn liu sn xutH2SO4.GV: Hng dn hs han thnh cc cht trong s sau:S SO2 SO3 H2SO4.

Yu cu hc sinh vit cc phng trnh hahc th hin cc bc trong s .VI. Hoat ong 5: Tm hiu cch nhn bit Axit

sunfuric v mui sunfatGV: Hng dn hc sinh tin hnh th nghim sgk.HS: Tin hnh th nghim, quan st, nu hin tng.GV: Gii thch cht rn mu trng khng tan tothnh sau phn ng l BaSO4, da vo du hiu ccht khng tan sau phn ng l BaSO4 nhn bitH2SO4.HS: Vit phng trnh ha hc.

GV: Ngoi BaCl2, cn dng cc mui khc ca Banh Ba(NO3)2 hoc Ba(OH)2 nhn bit Axitsunfuric v mui sunfatGV: phn bit H2SO4, v mui sunfat ta c thdng qu tm hay mt s kim loi nh Fe, Zn

2. Cc cng on chnh:a)Sn xut lu hunh i oxit

S + O2 SO2Hoc 4FeS2 +11O2 2Fe2O3 +8SO2 b)Sn xut lu hunh tri oxit

2SO2 + O2 2 SO3

c) Sn xut H2SO4SO3 + H2O H2SO4

IV. Nhan biet axit sunfuaric va muoisunfat

-Thuc th BaCl2, Ba(NO3)2Ba(OH)2c hin tng kt ta trngH2SO4(dd)+ BaCl2(dd) 2HCl(dd) +

BaSO4(r) Na2SO4(dd)+ BaCl2(dd) 2NaCl(dd) +

BaSO4(r)Ch : C phn bit axit sunfuaric v

mui sunphat bng kim loi:Zn,Al,Fe..Khhiro

4. Cng c Trnh by phng php ha hc nhn bit cc l b mt nhn sau: NaCl, Na2SO4, H2SO4?5. Dn dLm bi tp 1,2,3,5,6sgk.Hc bi c, xem trc bi mi.

V. Rut kinh nghiem

Tun : 4 Tit : 8 Bai 5: LUYEN TAP Ngy son: TNH CHAT HOA HOC CUA OXIT VA AXIT Ngy dy:

I. Muc tieu bai hoc:- Hc sinh c cng c li cc tnh cht ha hc ca oxit, axit

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- Rn k nng vit phng trnh ha hc, lm bi tp.II. Chuan b

- Gio vin: Bng ph- Hc sinh: Xem li kin thc hc

III. Tien trnh bai day1. n nh lp:Kim tra s s2. Kim tra bi c:Trong qu trnh n tp3. Bi mi:

Phng php Ni dungI. Hoat ong 1: Kin thc cn nh 1. Tnh cht ha hc ca oxit GV: Dung bng ph a s cm 1 sgk/20Yu cu hc sinh han thnh cc phn cn trng hon

thin s .HS: Tho lun nhm han thnh s . Trnh by trn bng ph. Nhn xt.GV: Cht li:. Yu cu cc nhm vit phng trnh ha hc

minh ha.2. Tnh cht ha hc ca axit Dung bng ph a s cm 2 sgk/20Yu cu hc sinh han thnh cc phn cn trng honthin s .HS: Tho lun nhm han thnh s . Trnh by trn bng ph. Nhn xt. c tn sn phmGV: Cht li. Yu cu cc nhm vit phng trnh ha hc minh ha..- GV: Nhc nh HS ch tnh cht ring ca H2SO4cII. Hoat ong 2: Bi tp1. Bi 1:GV: Yu cu hc sinh lm bi tp 1/21sgk.GV: Hng dn:

- Trc ht cn phn loi cc hp cht trong bi (oxit baz, v oxit axit)

- Sau khi phn loi da vo cc tnh cht chung vit phng trnh ha hc cho tng cht.

2. Bi 2:Hs: c bi 3/21 sgk Gv: Hng dn

- Phn loi cc hp cht oxit trong bi.

I. Kien thc can nh1. Tnh cht ha hc caoxit

S SGK/20-PTHH:a) CaOr + 2 HCldd CaCl2 dd +H2O l b) CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 +H2Oc) CaO + CO2 CaCO3d) CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2e) SO2 + H2O H2SO3

2. Tnh cht ha hc caaxit

S SGK/20PTHHH2SO4 +Fe FeSO4 + H2

H2SO4 + CuO CuSO4 + H2OH2SO4 + 2NaOH Na2SO4 + 2H2OCh : H2SO4 c c tnh

cht ring (sgk)

II. Bai tap1.Bi 1/21 sgk

*Cc oxit tc dng vi nc: Na2O, CaO, SO2, CO2

Na2O + H2O 2NaOHCaO + H2O Ca(OH)2

SO2 + H2O H2SO3CO2 + H2O H2CO3

*Cc oxit tc dng vi HCl:CuO, Na2O, CaO

CuO + 2HCl CuCl2 + H2O Na2O + 2HCl 2NaCl + H2O

CaO + 2HCl CaCl2 + H2O*Cc oxit tc dng c vi NaOH:

SO2, CO2SO2 + 2NaOH Na2SO3 + H2OCO2 + 2NaOH Na2CO3 + H2O

2. Bi 3/21 sgk Cho hn hp kh li qua dung

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- Tnh cht ha hc ca chng khc nhau nh thno? Da vo c im khc nhau tch chng ra.

dch Ca(OH)2 . CO2, v SO2 b gi litrong dung dch v c phn ng xy ravi Ca(OH)2 theo cc phng trnh hahc sau:

CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3(r) + H2OSO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaSO3(r) + H2O

4. Cung co:Trong qu trnh n tp5. Dn d:Lm bi tp cn li trong sgk.

Hc bi c, xem trc bi thc hnh.V. Rt kinh nghim:

Tun : 5Tit : 9 Bai 6: THC HANH Ngy son: TNH CHAT HOA HOC Ngy dy: OXIT VA AXIT

I. Muc tieu:

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- Thng qua cc th nghim khc su kin thc v tnh cht ha hc ca axit v oxit- Rn cc k nng thc hnh ha hc- Gio dc thc cn thn, tit kim trong hc tp

II. Chuan b: (6nhm)- Dng c: 1 gi ng nghim, 6 ng nghim, 2 kp g, 1 l thy tinh ming rng, 1 mui s- Ha cht: CaO, P , HCl, Na2SO4, NaCl, H2SO4, qu tm, BaCl2

III. Tien trnh bai day1. n nh lp:Kim tra s s2. Kim tra bi c:Kim tra dng c thc hnh3. Bi mi:

Phng php Ni dungI. Hoat ong 1: Tin hnh th nghim1. Tnh cht ho hc ca oxita)Th nghim 1: Phn ng ca canxi oxit vincGV: Hng dn nhm hc sinh cch lm thnghim:

- Cho mt mu CaO vo ng nghim, nh thmdn 1 2 ml nc Th dung dch sau phn ng bng giy qu tm.HS: Quan st, gii thch hin tng(vi sngnho ra, phn ng ta nhiu nhit, qu tmxanh v dung dch thu c l mt baz)HS: Rt ra kt lun v tnh cht ha hc caCaO: CaO tc dng vi nc to dung dchkim.Vit phng trnh ha hc.vo phiu thc

hnh.

b. Th nghim 2: Phn ng ca iphotpho pentaoxit vi nc Nhm hc sinh lm th nghim theo hng dnca GV:

- t mt t P trong bnh thy tinhming rng.

- Khi P chy ht, thm 1 2ml ncvo bnh, y np, lc nh

- Th dung dch sau phn ng bnggiy qu tm.HS: Quan st hin tng: photpho chy sinh rakhi trng bm vo thnh bnh l P2O5.Th dung dch sau phn ng bng giy qutm: qu tm . dung dch thu c lmt axit. HS:Kt lun v tnh cht ha hc caP2O5: P2O5 tc dng vi nc to axit vitPTHHva phiu thc hnh.2. Nhn bit cc dung dch Bi tp:C ba l khng nhn ng ba dung dch l:

H2SO4(long), HCl, Na2SO4. Hy tin hnh thnghim nhn bit tng cht trong mi lGv: Hng dn

I. Tien hanh th nghiem1. Tnh cht ha hc ca oxit

a. Th nghim 1:Phn ng ca canxi oxit vi nc.

PTHH:CaO(r) + H2O(l) Ca(OH)2(dd)

b. Th nghim 2:Phn ng ca iphotpho pentaoxit vi nc.- PTHH

P2O5(r)+ 3H2O(l) 2H3PO4(dd)

2. Nhn bit cc dung dchB1:Ly mi l 1 git nh vo giy

qu:-Nu qu tm khng i mul l Na2SO4

-Hai l cn li l HCl v H2SO4B2 Cho 1-2 git dd BaCl2 vo 2 muth cn li:

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- nhn bit cc dung dch trn, ta phi tm s khc nhau v tnh cht ca ccdung dch .Yu cu hc sinh phn loi v gi tn 3 hp cht - Da vo cc tnh chtkhc nhau phn bit.Gi hc sinh nucch tin hnh.Hs: Tin hnh th nghim nhn bit theo nhmghi li kt qu trong phiu thc hnhII. Hoat ong 2: Hng dn hc sinh vit bng tng trnh theo mu.

-Nu trong ng nghim khng c kt ta trngth l l H2SO4PT: BaCl2(dd)+ H2SO4(dd) BaSO4(r) +2HCl(dd)- L cn li khng c kt ta l HCl

II. Viet tng trnhTN Muc ch

TNHien tngquan satc

ket quaTN

4. Cng c:Hc sinh ra dng c5. Dn d:Hc bi c, kim tra 45.

IV. Rut kinh nghiem

Tun : 5 Tit: 10 KIM TRA 45 PHT(k1/1)

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Ngy son:Ngy dy :

I.Mc tiu:-Kim tra li mt s kin thc c bn oxit ,axit- Gio dc thc cn thn trong hc tp- Thng qua kt qu bi kim tra t c bin php ging dy cho ph hp.

II Chun bGV:Chun b cu hiHS: n bi

III.Tin trnh bi dy:1. n nh: Kim tra s s: 2. Thit lp ma trn:

3. Kim tI IV.Rt kinh nghim:

H v tn: KIM TRA NH K B1/ K1 (09-2010)Lp: STT: Mn: Ha hc lp 9

(Thi gian 45. Khng k thi gian giao )

I. PHN TRC NGHIM: 3 im (Thi gian lm bi 15)Cu 1:Cho cc oxit sau: Na2O , P2O5 ,CO, SO2 ,ZnO. Oxit c th tc dng vi nc l:a. Na2O,P2O5 ,SO2 ,BaOc. P2O5, SO2 , ZnO, Na2O b. Na2O, P2O5 ,SO2 , COd. CO , SO2 ZnO , P2O5Cu 2: C hn hp CO2 v O2 , thu c oxi tinh khit t hn hp trn ta c th dng chtno sau y::a. H2 b. H2SO4 c. Ca(OH)2 d. HClCu 3:: Dng thuc th no sau y nhn bit axit sunfuric v mui sun pht a.BaCl2

b. Ba(OH)2 c. Ba(NO3)2 d. Tt c.Cu 4:: Trong cc oxt di y: K 2O, H2O, NO, CO2, N2O5, CO, SO2, P2O5, CaO..S oxt axitv s oxt ba z tng ng l:

a. 4 v 2 b. 3 v 4 c. 5 v 4 d. 7 v 2 .Cu 5:: lm kh kh CO2 m ngi ta dng cht no sau y:a. NaOH (rn) b. H2SO4(c) c. CaO(mi nung) d. Al2O3Cu 6:: Kh SO2 c to ra t cp cht no sau y:a. CaSO3 v HCl b.CaSO3 v NaOH c.CaSO4v HCl d.CaSO3 v NaClCu 7:: C hai cht bt trng l : Al2O3 v CaO cht phn bit chng l:

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Ni dung Mc kin thc k nng TngBit Hiu Vn dng

TNKQ TL TNKQ TL TNKQ TLT/c ca oxit 3(0,75) 2(0,5) 1(0,5) 6(1,75)

Mt s axit quantrng 1(0,25) 1(2) 2(0,5) 1(2) 1(0,5) 1(3) 7(8,25)Tng 4(1,0) 1(2) 4(1) 1(2) 2(1,0) 1(3) 13(10)

im Li ph

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a. dd HCl b. H2O c.Giy qu tm d.NaClCu 8:: Tnh cht ha hc quan trng nht ca axit l:

a.Tc dng vi phi kim ,nc v cc hp cht b.Tc dng vi cht th hin tnh kim loic. Tc dng vi kim loi , baz,oxit baz, mui.d.Tc dng vi kim loi ,ru, mui.

Cu 9:: Cho 100(ml) dung dch H2SO4: 40%, c khi lng ring l :D =1,31 g/ml. Khi lng H2SO4 trong dung dch l:

a. 0,245 b. 52,4 c.0,025 d. Mt kt qu khc.10.Cu 10: ha tan 2,4 mt oxt kim loi ha tr ( II ) cn dng 30(g)dung dch HCl nng 7,3% . Cng thc ca oxt la. ZnO b.FeO c. CuO d.BaO

II.PHN T LUN:7 imCu 1: : Cho cc cht sau: FeS2, O2, H2SO4, Na2SO3, S. Hy vit PT iu ch SO2 trong phng thnghim v trong cng nhip.Cu 2: Trnh by phng php ha hc phn bit ba l ng dung dch sau: NaCl, KOH, Na2SO4.

Cu 3: Bi tonCho 15,5 (g) Na2O tc dng vi nc thu c 0,5 (l) dung dch .a.Tnh nng mol ca dung dch . b.Tnh th tch dung dch H2SO4 20%. Khi lng ring D=1,14 g/ml trung ha ht dung dch trnc . Tnh nng mol ca cc cht c trong dung dch sau phn ng

THCS L Qu n P N KIM TRA NH KB1/k1(09-2010)T L- ho-Sinh Mn : Ho hc lp 9

(Thi gian 45 ,khng k thi gian giao )I. PHN TRC NGHIM3 im (ng mi la chn 0,25 im. Cu tnh ton

0,5 im)Cu 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10pn

a c d a b a b c b c

II. PHN T LUN:7 im1. Cu 1: (2 )Vit c mi phng trnh 0,5. cn bng ng 1 phng trnh 0,5

1)Na2SO3(dd)+ H2SO4(dd) Na2SO4(dd)+ H2O(l) + SO2(k)2)S(r) + O2(k)

0t SO2(k), 3) 4FeS2(r) + 11O2(k) 0t

2 Fe2O3(r) + 8SO2(k)2. Cu 2: (2 im) Dng qu tn nhn ra baz v mui (1 )

- Nu qu tm xanh l l KOH (0,5). - 2 l cn li l NaCl v Na2SO4(0,5)- Dng thuc th BaCl2nhn ra Na2SO4 (0.25) .- L cn li l NaCl (0,25)PT: Na2SO4(dd)+ BaCl2(dd) BaSO4(r) + 2NaCl(dd) (0.5)

- Cu 3: (3 im)Tnh ng mi (1)a/ n Na2O= 25,0

625,15

= (mol) b/ 2NaOH + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + 2H2O (2)

.PT: Na2O + H2O 2NaOH (1) TPT: 2 : 1 : 1 : 2TPT 1 1 2 T: 0,5 : 0,25 : 0,25

T: 0,25 0,5 m(H2SO4)= 0,25 x 98 = 24,5 (g)=> CM(NaOH) = )(15,0

5,0M = Vdd(H2SO4) = )(5,10714,1

120

1005,24 ml =

c/ Vdd sau phn ng = 0,6075 (l)CM(Na2SO4) = )(41,06075,025,0 M =

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Tun: 6 Tit: 11 Bi:7 Ngy son: TNH CHT HO HC CA BAZ Ngy dy :

I . Mc tiu :* Kin thc: Hc sinh bit c cc tnh cht ha hc ca baz v vit c phng trnh tng ng cho mi tnh cht.* K nng :Vn dng nhng kin thc ca mnh v tnh cht ha hc ca baz gii thin tng trong i sng sn xut. V lm cc bi tp nh tnh v nh lng.*Thi : C hng th say m vi hc tp.

II. Chun b:- Gio vin: Ha cht: NaOH, Ca(OH)2, CuSO4, H2SO4, qu tm, phenol phtalein

Dng c: n cn, ng nghim, kp g, a thy tinh- Hc sinh: Xem li tnh cht ca oxit v axit

III.Tin trnh bi dy1. n nh lp:Kim tra s s2. Kim tra bi c:Da vo kh nng tan trong nc, baz c chia thnh my loi?

3. Bi mi :Phng php Ni dung1.Hot ng 1:Tc dng ca dung dch baz vi cht ch th mu: GV:hng dn nhm hs lm th nghim:TN1:Nh 1 git dd NaOH ln mu giy qu tm.TN2: Nh 1 2 git dd Phenolphtalein(khng mu) vo ngnghim c cha 1 2 ml dd NaOH -Quan st hin tng i din nhm nhn xtkt lun2. Tc dng ca dung dch baz vi oxit axit-HS: nhc li cc tnh cht ha hc ca oxit axit tnh cht hahc no kin quan n baz?- GV:hng dn nhm hs lm th nghim cho SO2 hoc P2O5 phn ng vi dung dch Ca(OH)2.-HS:Quan st hin tng cho bit d u hiu no chng t c phn ng ha hc xy ra i din nhm nhn xtnhm khc b sung kt lun Vit PTHH.-HS vit thm mt vi PTHH khc minh ha.2KOH(dd) + SO2(k) Na2SO3(dd)+ H2O(l)3. Tc dng ca baz vi axitGV:hng dn nhm hs lmth nghim Ca(OH)2 + H2SO4 v Cu(OH)2 + H2SO4.-HS:Quan st hin tng cho bit d u hiu no chng t c

phn ng ha hc xy ra i din nhm nhn xtnhm khc b sung kt lun Vit PTHHGV: Phn ng gia baz v axit c gi l phn ng trungha.4.Baz khng tan b nhit phn hy.-GV:hng dn nhm hs lm th nghim t nng Cu(OH)2.Quan st nhn xt hin tngvit phng trnh ha hc.Gv: Ngoi cc tnh cht trn, dung dch baz cn tc dng vidung dch mui, chng ta s hc bi sau.5. Dung dch baz tc dng vi dd mui( hc bi 9)

1. Tc dng ca dung dch baz vicht ch th muDung dch baz(kim) lm:- qu tm xanh- Phenolphtalein(khng mu)

2. Tc dng ca dung dch baz vioxit axitDung dch baz(kim) + oxit axitmui + ncPTHH:Ca(OH)2(dd) + SO2(k) CaSO3(r) +H2O(l)3. Tc dng ca baz vi axit (phnng trung ha.)

Baz + axit mui + ncCu(OH)2(dd) + H2SO4(dd) CuSO4(r) +H2O(l)

NaOH(dd) + HCl(dd) NaCl(dd) + H2O(l)4. Baz khng tan b nhit phn hy. Baz khng tan b nhit phn huoxit + nc

Cu(OH)2(r) CuO(r) + H2O(l)

2Fe(OH)3(r) Fe2O3(r) + 3H2O(l)5.Dung dch baz tc dng vi ddmui( hc bi 9)

4. Cng c:-Nhc li tnh cht HH ca baz.-Bi tp Cho cc ba z sau: Cu(OH)2, NaOH, Ba(OH)2. Baz noa. Tc dng vi dd HCl

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b. Tc dng vi CO2-Gii:a. Tc dng vi dd HClCu(OH)2(dd) + 2HCl(dd) CuCl2 (dd) + H2O(l)NaOH(dd) + HCl(dd) NaCl(dd) + H2O (l) Ba(OH)2 (dd) + 2 HCl(dd) BaCl2(dd) + H2O(l)

NaOH, Ba(OH)2. Baz no tc dng vi dd HCl b. Tc dng vi CO22NaOH(dd) + CO2 (k) Na2CO3(dd) + H2O (l) Ba(OH)2 (dd) + CO2 (k) BaCO3(r ) + H2O(l)

5. Dn d-Hc thuc tnh cht ha hc ca baz.

- Lm bi tp 1,2.3.4sgk./25- Xem trc bi Mt s baz quan trng

IV. Rt kinh nghim

Tun: 6 Tit: 12 Bi 8: Ngy son: MT S BAZ QUAN TRNG (Tit 1)

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Gio n ho hoc9 Ngy dy:

I . Mc tiu :* Kin thc: Hc sinh bit c :NaOH c y tnh cht ha hc ca mt dung dch baz. Ncc th nghim ha hc chng minh. Vit c cc phng trnh ha hc ca mi tnh chtdng ca NaOH trong i sng v trong sn xut.* K nng :Vn dng nhng kin thc ca mnh v tnh cht ha hc ca NaOH gii thch

hin tng trong i sng sn xut. V lm cc bi tp nh tnh v nh lng.*Thi : C hng th say m vi hc tp. II. Chun b:-Gio vin: Ha cht: NaOH, HCl, H2SO4 long, Na2SO3 (rn) qu tm, phenol phtalein

Dng c: n cn, ng nghim, kp g, a thy tinh-Hc sinh: Xem li tnh cht ca oxit v axit

III.Tin trnh bi dy1.n nh lp:Kim tra s s.

1. Kim tra bi c:Nu tnh cht ha hc ca NaOH2. Bi mi: bi ny chng ta s hc trong hai tit, tit u tin s tm hi

NaOH Phng php Ni dungA .NATRI HIROXIT(NaOH)1.Hot ng 1Tm hiu tnh cht vt l ca natri hiroxit GV:hng dn nhm hs lm th nghim Ly mt t NaOH (rn) cho vo s quan st.-Dng mt t nc ha tan NaOH ri s tay vong nghim-Quan st nhn xt hin tng + thng tin sgk tnh cht vt l ca NaOH2.Hot ng 2:Tm hiu tnh cht ha hc canatri hiroxit -HS: hy cho bit NaOH thuc loi baz g? T hy d on tnh cht ha hc ca NaOH (NaOH lmt baz tan,)-GV: gi hs nhc li tnh cht hh ca baz tan v vitPTHH-Cc nhm tho lunTnh cht HH ca NaOH- i din nhm bo co nhm khc b sungkt lun Vit PTHHDung dch NaOH c y tnh cht ho hc ca baz tan :a. i mu cht ch th :

Dung dch NaOH lm qu tm xanhDung dch phenolphatalein(khng mu)

b. Tc dng vi axit :-dd Natrihiroxit + axit mui + nc-PT: NaOH(dd) + HCl(dd) NaCl(dd) + H2O(l)2NaOH(dd) + H2SO4(dd) Na2SO4 (dd)+

2H2O(l)c. Tc dng vi oxit axit :- dd Natrihiroxit + oxit axit mui + nc-PT:2NaOH(dd) + SO2(k) Na2SO3 (dd)+

A .NATRI HIROXIT(NaOH)1 Tnh cht vt l

Natri hiroxit l cht rn khng mu, ht mmnh, tan nhiu trong nc v ta nhitc tnhnhn , lm bc vi n mn da..

2:Tnh cht ha hcDung dch NaOH c y tnh cht ho hcca ba z tan :a. i mu cht ch th :

Dung dch NaOH lm qu tm xanhDung dch phenolphatalein(khng mu)

b. Tc dng vi axit :-dd Natrihiroxit + axit mui + nc-PT: NaOH(dd) + HCl(dd) NaCl(dd) + H2O(l)2NaOH(dd) + H2SO4(dd) Na2SO4 (dd)+

2H2O(l)c. Tc dng vi oxit axit :- dd Natrihiroxit + oxit axit mui +

nc-PT:2NaOH(dd) + SO2(k) Na2SO3 (dd)+

H2O(l)2NaOH(dd) + CO2(k) Na2CO3 (dd)+

H2O(l)d. Tc dng vi dd mui( Hc bi 9 )

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Gio n ho hoc9

H2O(l)2NaOH(dd) + CO2(k) Na2CO3 (dd)+

H2O(l)GV: Ngoi ra dung dch NaOH cn tc dng vidung dch mui s hc bi sau3.Hot ng 3Tm hiu cc ng dng ca NaOH Hs: c thng tin sgk, nu cc ng dng ca NaOH4.Hot ng 4: Tm hiu vic sn xut NaOH HS: c thng tin sgk, nu nguyn liu, cch tinhnh sn xut NaOH trong cng nghip.- Vit phng trnh ha hc ca phn ng.GV; Natri hiroxit l ha cht c bn trong phng thnghim, v vy chng ta khng cn phi iu chtrong phng th nghim.

3ng dng :Sn xut x phng, cht ty ra, bt git.Sn xut t nhn toSn xut giyDng trong cng nghip sn xut nhm, ch bin du m v nhiu ngnh cng nghip khc.4: Sn xut NaOH in phn dd natriclorua bo ho (c mng ngn)

2NaCl(dd) + 2H2O(l) 2NaOH(dd) +Cl2(k) + H2(k)

4.Cng c Thc hin vic chuyn i ha hc sau bng cch vit cc phng trnh ha hc(ghi iuc) Na Na2O NaOH Na2SO4-Gii:

4 Na(r) + O2 (k) 2Na2O (r)Na2O (r) + H2O (l) 2 NaOH(dd)2 NaOH(dd) + H2SO4(dd) Na2SO4(dd) + 2H2O(l)

5.Dn d-Hc thuc tnh cht HH ca baz v cch sn xut baz .-Lm bi tp 1, 2, 3, 4sgk./27. Xem trc bi mi can xi hiroxit.IV. Rt kinh nghim

Tun : 7 Tit :13 Bi 8:

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Gio n ho hoc9 Ngy son: MT S BAZ QUAN TRNG (Tip theo) Ngy dy : I . Mc tiu :* Kin thc: Tm hiu cch pha ch dung dch canxi hiroxit.Tnh cht ca Ca(OH)2: c y tnh chtha hc ca mt dung dch baz. Nu c cc th nghim ha hc chng minh. Vit c ctrnh ha hc ca mi tnh cht. Cc ng dng ca Ca(OH )2trong i sng v trong sn xut. Bit ngh pH ca dung dch* K nng:Vn dng nhng kin thc ca mnh v tnh cht ha hc ca baz gii thch cc htrong i sng sn xut. V lm cc bi tp nh tnh v nh lng.*Thi : C hng th say m vi hc tp. II. Chun b:-Gio vin: Ha cht: Giy pH, CaO, dd HCl, dd H2SO4, dd NaCl, dd NH3

Dng c: giy lc, phu, cc thy tinh, kp st-Hc sinh: Xem li tnh cht HH ca baz.

III.Tin trnh bi dy1.n nh lp:Kim tra s s.

2.Kim tra bi c: Natrihiroxit c tnh cht vt l no?

3.Bi mi: Phng php Ni dungB. Canxi hiroxit thang phI.Hot ng 1:Tnh cht 1. Pha ch dung dch Ca(OH)2GV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh pha ch dung dchCa(OH)2. Phn bit vi nc (vi sa) v nc vitrong.-Quan st nhn xt hin tngi din nhm bo conhm khc b sung ktlun2.Tnh cht ha hcGv: Dung dch Ca(OH)2 l mt dung dch baz,chng ta s tin hnh cc th nghim chng minhdung dch Ca(OH)2 c y cc tnh cht ha hcca baz tanGV:hng dn nhm hs lm th nghim- t mt mu giy qu tm vo s, nh vo 1 -2git Ca(OH)2.- Nh vo ng nghim cha Ca(OH)2 1 2 git phenolphtalein (pp)

- Nh t t dung dch H2SO4 vo ng nghim ccha Ca(OH)2 c thm pp th nghim 1- Th nghim Ca(OH)2 + SO2 (/c t Na2SO3 v ddH2SO4 long)-Quan st nhn xt hin tng i din nhm bo co nhm khc b sung kt lun v chtha hc ca Ca(OH)2 Vit phng trnh ha hcca phn ng nu c d):Tc dng vi dd mui Gv: Ngoi ra dd Ca(OH)2 cn tc dng vi dd muis hc bi sau

3. Tm hiu cc ng dng ca Ca(OH)2Hs: c thng tin sgk. Nu cc ng dng ca

B. Canxi hiroxit thang phI.Tnh cht 1.Pha ch dung dch Canxi hiroxitHo tan vi ti Ca(OH)2 vo nc thu c vinc(vi sa) . lc vi nc thu c cht lngtrong sut , khng mu l ddCa(OH).ddCa(OH)2 l cht t tan trong nc2.Tnh cht ha hcDung dchCa(OH)2 c tnh cht hh ca baz

tana. Lm i mu cht ch th Dung dch Ca(OH)2 lm qu tm xanh, dungdch Phenolphatalein( khng mu).b. Tcdng vi axit(Ptrung ho)Canxioxit + axit mui + ncCa(OH)2(dd)+H2SO4(dd) CaSO4 (r) +2H2O(l)

Ca(OH)2(dd)+ 2HCl(dd) CaCl2(dd)+2H2O(l)

c. Tc dng vi oxit axit ddcan xioxit + oxit axit mui + nc

Ca(OH)2(dd)+ SO2(k) CaSO3 (r) +H2O(l)

Ca(OH)2(dd)+ CO2(k) CaCO3 (r) +H2O(l)

d. Tc dng vi dd mui(hc bi 9)

3. ng dng- Lm vt liu trong xy dng.- Kh chua t trng trt.- Kh c cc cht thi trong cng nghip, dittrng cht thi sinh hot, xc ng vt

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CaCl2 Ca(NO3)2

Gio n ho hoc9 Ca(OH)2 trong i sng.II.Hot ng 2:Thang pH Hs: c thng tin sgk. Cho bit ngha ca thang pH, cc khong (ct mc) trong thang pHGv: Gii thiu cch s dng giy pH, cch so snhvi thang mu xc nh pHHs: Tin hnh o pH ca mt s dung dch: ncchanh p, dung dch mui n, dung dch Ca(OH)2dung dch HCl, dung dch NH4OH tnh axit (baz)ca cc dung dch o. Bo co kt qu

II. Thang pH - pH ca mt dung dch cho bit axit hay baz ca dung dch

+ PH = 7dd: trung tnh+ PH: 7: dd c tnhbaz

4.Cng c - HS: c mc Em c bit

- Vit cc phng trnh ha hc thc hin cc chuyn i ha hc sau: (ghi iu kin ca nu c CaCO3 CaO Ca(OH)2 CaCO3

-GV: hng dn hs vit PT5.Dn d-Hc thuc tnh cht ca CaO- Lm bi tp1,.2.,3,4 sgk./30 v xem trc bi tnh cht HH ca mui.

IV. Rt kinh nghim

Tun: 7 Tit: 14 Bi 9:

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Gio n ho hoc9 Ngy son: TNH CHT HA HC CA MUI Ngy dy :

I . Mc tiu :* Kin thc: Hc sinh nm c:Cc tnh cht ha hc ca mui, vit ng cc phng trnh ha hminh ha cho mi tnh cht. Khi nim phn ng trao i v nhng iu kin phn ng trao * K nng:Vn dng nhng kin thc ca mnh v tnh cht ha hc ca mui gi thch cc htrong i sng sn xut. V lm cc bi tp nh tnh v nh lng.*Thi : C hng th say m vi hc tp. II. Chun b: Gio vin - Dng c: ng nghim, ng nh git, kp st

- Ha cht: inh st, CuSO4, BaCl2, H2SO4, NaOHHc sinh: n li tnh cht HH ca baz.

III.Tin trnh bi dy1.n nh lp:Kim tra s s:

2.Kim tra bi c: -HS1: nu tnh cht HH ca Ca(OH)2 - HS2:Sa bi tp 1sgk/301. Bi mi:

Phng php Ni dung

I.Hot ng 1 Tm hiu cc tnh cht ha hc camui 1. TN 1:Mui tc dng vi kimloi -GV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh th nghim Fe +CuSO4 . Quan st nhn xt hin tngidin nhm bo co nhm khc b sung ktlun PTHH.Gv: Lu hc sinh mt vi kim loi c th tc dngvi mt s mui. Yu cu hc sinh vit PTHHca phn ng Cu + AgNO32.Th nghim 2: Mui tc dng vi axit -GV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh th nghim phn ng HCl + AgNO3. Quan st nhn xt hintng .i din nhm bo conhm khc b sung

kt lun PTHH.3.Th nghim 3: Mui tc dng vi mui ---GV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh th nghim BaCl2 +CuSO4.Quan st nhn xt hin tng-i din nhm bo conhm khc b sungkt lunGv: Yu cu hc sinh vit phng trnh ha hc ca

phn ng NaCl + AgNO34.Th nghim 4: Mui tc dng vi baz GV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh th nghim BaCl2 +

CuSO4. Quan st nhn xt hin tng-i din nhm bo conhm khc b sungkt lunGv: Yu cu hc sinh ly thm v d.5.Th nghim 5: Phn ng phn hy mui -GV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh TN phn hy mui.Quan st nhn xt hin tng-i din nhm bo conhm khc b sungkt lunGv: Yu cu nhc li phn ng iu ch kh CO2 hc bi trc.

I Tnh cht ha hc ca mui 1: Mui tc dng vi kim loi

-.dd Mui + KL mui mi + KL mi-PTFe(r) + CuSO4(dd) Cu(r) + FeSO4(dd)Cu(r) + 2Ag(NO)3(dd) 2Ag(r)+ Cu(NO3)2(dd)

2. Mui tcdng vi axit:-. Mui + axit mui mi + axit mi-BaCl2(dd)+ H2SO4(dd) BaSO4(r) + 2HCl(dd)AgNO3(dd)+ HCl(dd) AgCl(r) + HNO3(dd)

3. Mui tc dng vi mui :-2dd Mui tc dng vi nhau2 mui mi-BaCl2(dd)+ CuSO4(dd) BaSO4 (r) +CuCl2(dd) NaCl(dd) + AgNO3(dd) AgCl(r) + NaNO3(dd)4. Mui tc dng vi baz -dd mui +dd Baz Mui mi + baz mi-CuSO4(dd)+ 2NaOH(dd) Cu(OH)2(r) +

Na2SO4(dd)

Na2CO3(dd)+ Ba(OH)2(dd) 2NaOH(dd)

+ BaCO3(r)

5. Phn ng phn hy mui:

CaCO3 CaO + CO22KClO3 2KCl + 3O2

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Gio n ho hoc9 Hs: Vit phng trnh ha hc ca phn ng.Gv: y l phn ng g? Cht ban u thuc loi hpcht g?Gv: Yu cu hc sinh ly cc v tng t (phn ng phn hy, cht ban u l mui)Gv: Qua cc v d trn, chng ta c th rt ra kt lung v phn ng phn hy mui. II. Hot ng 2: Tm hiu khi nim phn ng traoi trong dung dch

1. Nhn xt: Phn ng trao i Gv: Yu cu hc sinh ln lt quan st li cc phng trnh ha hc cc mc trnGv: Hng dn hc sinh quan st s thay i v trca cc thnh phn cu to trong cc phn ng. Nhng phn ng nh vy c gi l phn ng traoi. khi nim phn ng trao i.

2. iu kin xy ra phn ng trao i

Hs: c thng tin tho lun iu kin xy ra phn ng trao i.Gv: Lu hc sinh phn ng trung ha cng l phnng trao i v lun xy ra.Gv: a ra cc phng trnh ha hc, yu cu hcsinh nhn xt c xy ra phn ng khng.Gv: Hng dn hc sinh s dng bng tnh tan.

II. Phn ng trao i trong dung dch

1. Nhn xt v cc phn ng HH ca mui:

2. . Phn ng trao i: L phn ng ha hc, trong hai hp chttham gia phn ng trao i vi nhau nhngthnh phn cu to ca chng to ra nhnghp cht mi.3. iu kin xy ra phn ng trao i :Phn ng trao i ch xy ra khi sn phm tothnh c cht khng tan hoc cht khVd: Na2CO3(dd)+ Ba(OH)2(dd) 2NaOH(dd)

+ BaCO3(r) Na2CO3(dd)+ 2HCl(dd) 2NaCl(dd) + H2O(l)+ CO2(k)

4.Cng c - HS: nhc li ni dung chnh ca bi . Nu tnh cht HH ca mui?- Hng dn HS lm bi tp 2sgk/33.Cho dd mui Mg(NO3)2, CuCl2,. Mui tc dng vi

a/dd NaOH l: Mg(NO3)2(dd)+ 2NaOH(dd) Mg(OH)2(r) + 2NaNO3(dd) CuCl2(dd) + 2 NaOH(dd) Cu(OH)2(r) + 2 NaCl(dd)

b/ddHCl. Khng cc/ddAgNO3 l: CuCl3(dd) + 2AgNO3(dd) Cu(NO3)2(dd) + 2 AgCl(r)

5.Dn dLm bi tp 1,3,4,5 sgk/33 . Hc bi c, xem trc bi mi.

IV. Rt kinh nghim

Tun: 8Tit: 15 Bi 10: Ngy son: MT S MUI QUAN TRNG

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Duyt ca chuyn mn

- Hnh thc:

- Ni dung:- S lng:- ngh:

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Gio n ho hoc9 Ngy dy: I . Mc tiu :* Kin thc: Hc sinh nm c : Hai trng thi t nhin ca mui NaCl: ha tan trong nc bin,mui m (kt tinh trong lng t). NaNO3 t c trong t nhin.ng dng ca NaCl v KNO3* K nng: Vn dng cc tnh cht ca NaCl, KNO3 trong thc hnh v bi tp*Thi : C hng th say m vi hc tp. II. Chun b: Gio vin: Hnh nh rung mui, l ho cht KNO3 Hc sinh: Xem trc bi mui.

III.Tin trnh bi dy1.n nh:Kim tra s s

2.Kim tra : 15`-: Mui c nhng tnh cht ha hc no?.Vit PT minh ha?-p n: Nu ng mi tnh cht v vit ng mi PT (2im)

1: Mui tc dng vi kim loidd Mui + KL mui mi + KL miPT: Cu(r) + 2Ag(NO)3(dd) 2Ag(r)+ Cu(NO3)2(dd)

2. Mui tcdng vi axit:Mui + axit mui mi + axit miPT: BaCl2(dd)+ H2SO4(dd) BaSO4(r) + 2HCl(dd)

3. Mui tc dng vi mui2dd Mui tc dng vi nhau2 mui miPT: BaCl2(dd)+ CuSO4(dd) BaSO4 (r) +CuCl2(dd)4.Mui tc dng vi baz :dd mui +dd Baz Mui mi + baz mi

PT: Na2CO3(dd)+ Ba(OH)2(dd) 2NaOH(dd) + BaCO3(r)

5.Phn ng phn hy mui: PT : CaCO3 CaO + CO2 3.Bi mi:

Phng php Ni dungI. Hot ng 1: Muinatri clorua (NaCl)1. Tm hiu trng thi t nhin ca NaCl v cch

khai thc NaCl HS: c thng tin sgk. Nhm HS tho lun.:- Nu cc trng thi t nhin ca mui NaCl.?- Cch khai thc?i din nhm bo co nhm khc b sung

Kt lun v trng thi t nhin ca mui NaCl. cchkhai thc (C trong nc bin ,h nc mn Trongcc m mui. Khai thc Cho nc mn bay hinc .Hoc o hm khai thc m.GV: Gii thiu cc vng trn th gii c nhiu mmui.GV: nc ta, Nhng vng no khai c th khaithc mui t nc bin thun li?3. Tm hiu ng dng ca NaCl HS: Quan st s ng dng ca NaCl.

Nu ng dng NaCl (NaCl c nhiu ng dngquan trng trong i sng v sn xut: Lm gia v v bo qun thc phm. L nguyn liu c bn trongnhiu ngnh cng nghip ha cht nh: sn xut Na,Cl2, H2, NaOH, NaClO, Na2CO3,) II. Hot ng 2Mui kali nitrat (KNO3)GV: Hy cho bit tn gi khc ca KNO3, (dim tiu)hm lng trong t nhin ca KNO31. Tm hiu tnh cht v ng dng ca KNO3HS: c thng tin sgk. Nhm HS tho lun. Tm

I.Mui natri clorua (NaCl)1. Trng thi t nhin

-C trong nc bin ,h nc mn-.Trongcc m mui.

2. Cch khai thc-Cho nc mn bay hi nc-o hm khai thc m.

3. ng dng: NaCl c nhiu ng dng quan trng trong isng v sn xut:

- Lm gia v v bo qun thc phm.- L nguyn liu c bn trong nhiu

ngnh cng nghip ha cht nh: sn xut Na,Cl2, H2, NaOH, NaClO, Na2CO3,II.Mui kali nitrat (KNO3)Kali nitrat c tn l dim tiu.1. Tnh cht : l cht rn mu trng.ho tannhiu trong nc, b phn hu nhit cao

2KNO3(r) 2KNO2(r) + 3O2(k)

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Gio n ho hoc9 hiu tnh cht ca KNO3 v ng dngi din nhm bo conhm khc b sungKt lun V tnh cht v ng dng:-Tnh cht: l cht rn mu trng.ho tan nhiu trongnc, b phn hu nhit cao

2KNO3(r) 2KNO2(r) + 3O2(k)

-ng dng ca KNO3Ch to thuc n en . Lm phn bn(cung cp nit v kali cho cy trng)- Bo qun thc phm trong cng nghip

2. ng dng- Ch to thuc n en- Lm phn bn (cung cp nit v kali cho cytrng)- Bo qun thc phm trong cng nghip.

4.Cng c - HS: c mc Em c bit-HS: Nhc li : Trng thi t nhin, Cch khai thc . ng dng ca mui KNO3, (dim tiu) hmlng trong t nhin ca KNO3 . Tnh cht mui NaCl5.Dn d

-Lm bi tp sgk./36 . xem trc bi phn bn HH.IV. Rt kinh nghim

Tun: 8 Tit: 16 Ngy son: Bi 11:PHN BN HA HC

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90% nc

10% cht kh

99% C, H, O, N, K,Ca, P, Mg, S 1% B, Cu, Zn,Fe,Mn

Gio n ho hoc9 Ngy dy: I . Mc tiu :

* Kin thc: Hc sinh nm c: Vai tr v ngha ca nhng nguyn t ha hc i vtrng - Cng thc ha hc ca mt s phn bn (n, v kp thng dng)- Phn bn vi lng l g, mt s phn bn vi lng cn cho thc vt- Bit tnh ton xc nh % theo khi lng cc nguyn t dinh dng trong phn bn vli* K nng :Vn dng nhng kin thc ca mnh gii thch cc hin tng trong i sxut. V lm cc bi tp nh tnh , nh lng.*Thi : C hng th say m vi hc tp.

II. Chun b:- Gio vin: Ha cht: mu mt s loi phn bn .- Hc sinh: Xem trc bi phn bn

III.Tin trnh bi dy1.n nh lp: Kim tra s s

2.Kim tra bi c: Mui NaCl c u trong t nhin, cch khai thc. 3.Bi mi:

Phng php Ni dungI. Hot ng 1:Tm hiu nhng nhu cu ca cytrng1. Tm hiu thnh phn ca thc vt:HS: c thng tin sgk, nu cc thnh phn ca thc vt.2. Tm hiu vai tr ca cc nguyn t ha hc i vithc vt:HS: c thng tin sgk. Nhm HS tho lun. Tm hiu

Vai tr ca cc nguyn t ha hc i vi thc vti din nhm bo co nhm khc b sung Ktlun V vai tr cc nguyn t ha hc i vi thc vt( Thc vt c th t tng hp hp cht gluxit (cha C,H, O)

nCO2 + mH2O Cn(H2O)m + nO2- Cc nguyn t cn li thc vt hu nh khng th ttng hp c.)GV: Cc nguyn t thc vt c th t tng hp c,cc nguyn t thc vt khng th tng hp- Vai tr ca cc nguyn t ha hc i vi thc vt vcon ng thc vt hp th. II. Hot ng 2Tm hiu cc phn bn ha hcthng dngHS: c thng tin sgk. Nhm HS tho lun . Nu ccloi phn bn thng dng. V Phn loi phn bnha hci din nhm bo conhm khc b sung Ktlun* Phn bn n: Phn bn n ch cha mt trong ba

nguyn t dinh dng chnh: N, P, K. C 3 loi+ Phn m: cha nit - Ur: CO(NH2)2: cha 46% N, tan trong nc- NH4 NO3: cha %N, tan trong nc.

- (NH4)2SO4 cha 21%N, tan trong nc+ Phn ln: cha pht pho- Photphat t nhin Ca3(PO4)2 khng tan trong nc, tan

I. Nhng nhu cu ca cy trng1. Thnh phn ca thc vt:

Thc vt

2. Vai tr ca cc nguyn t ha hc ivi thc vt- Thc vt c th t tng hp hp cht gluxit(cha C, H, O)

nCO2 + mH2O Cn(H2O)m + nO2- Cc nguyn t cn li thc vt hu nhkhng th t tng hp c. II. Nhng phn bn ha hc thng dng: C hai loi phn bn:1. Phn bn nPhn bn n ch cha mt trong ba nguynt dinh dng chnh: N, P, K a) Phn m: cha nit - Ur: CO(NH2)2: cha 46% N, tan trongnc- NH4 NO3: cha 35%N, tan trong nc.- (NH4)2SO4 cha 21%N, tan trong ncb) Phn ln: cha pht pho- Photphat t nhin Ca3(PO4)2 khng tantrong nc, tan chm trong t chua- Supephotphat Ca(H2PO4)2 tan trong ncc) Phn kali : KCl, K 2SO4 u d tan trongnc.2. Phn bn kp

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Gio n ho hoc9 chm trong t chua- Supephotphat Ca(H2PO4)2 tan trong nc+ Phn kali : KCl, K 2SO4 u d tan trong nc.2. Tm hiu phn bn kpHs: c thng tin sgk. Tr li cc cu hi sau:- Phn bn kp l g?- Ngi ta to ra phn bn kp bng cch no?3. Tm hiu phn bn vi lngHs: c thng tin sgk. Cho bit phn vai tr ca phn bn vi lng i vi thc vt

- Phn bn kp c cha hai hoc c banguyn t dinh dng N, P, K - C hai cch to ra phn bn kp:+ Trn cc phn bn n theo t l nht nh.V d: phn NPK + Tng hp bng phng php ha hc. Vd: KNO3, (NH4)2HPO43. Phn bn vi lngPhn bn vi lng (cha B, Zn, Mn) cycn rt t nhng cn thit cho s pht trin.

4.Cng c -c mc em c bit.-Hy nu vai tr ca phn bn. K tn 1 s loi phn bn v nu s khc nhau.-Hc sinh nu li cng thc ha hc, t l % cc nguyn t dinh dng ca mi loi phn bn.5.Dn d

- Lm bi tp sgk./39-Xem trc bi mi.IV. Rt kinh nghim

Tun : 9 Tit : 17Ngy son : Bi 12: MI QUAN H GIANgy dy: CC LOI HP CHT V C

I . Mc tiu :

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(1) (2) (3)

t 0

Gio n ho hoc9 * Kin thc:Hc sinh nm c mi quan h gia cc loi hp cht v c, vit c cc phnghc th hin s chuyn ha gia cc loi hp cht v c hc.* K nng: Rn k nng vit phng trnh ha hc*Thi : C hng th say m vi hc tpII. Chun b Gio vin: Phiu hc tp , Bng nhm. Hc sinh:n tp cc kin thc hcIII.Tin trnh bi dy:

1.n nh lp: Kim tra s s2.Kim tra bi c:Hy k tn 1 s loi phn bn v nu vai tr ca phn bn ?

3.Bi mi:C my loi hp cht v c hc? Cc loi hp cht v c c mi quan h vi nh th no? Chng ta cng sang bi mi.(Ghi tiu Tit 19)

Phng php Ni dung I. Hot ng 1Tm hiu mi quan h gia ccloi hp cht v.

GV: Hng dn: nhm HS tho lun :-in vo trng cc loi hp cht v c thch hpi din nhm bo coNhm khc b sungkt lun..II. Hot ng 2 Nhng phn ng HH minh ha:GV: Yu cu HS chn cc cht tc dng thc hincc chuyn ha theo s trn.III. Hot ng 3 Bi tp1. Bi tp1GV:hng dn nhm HS lm bi tp1Vit phng trnh ha hc cho nhng chuyn iha hc sau: (ghi km iu kin, trng thi cc cht)

MgO MgCl2 Mg(OH)2 MgOi din nhm bo conhm khc b sungp n ng.GV: Qua bi tp trn, cc em c nhn xt g v s

chuyn i ha hc gia oxit baz, mui, v baz(chng ta thy t oxit baz c th chuyn ithnh mui, t mui c th chuyn i thnh baz v t baz li chuyn i ha hc thnh oxit baz )cc loi hp cht v c rt phc tp v a dng.2Bi tp2: Hy hon thnh cc phng trnh hahc sau:

Na2O + ? ---> NaOHHCl + ? ---> AgCl + ?SO3 + ? ---> Na2SO4 + H2OKOH + ? ---> KNO3 + H2OP2O5 + H2O ---> ?Ba(NO3)2 + ? ---> HNO3 +

I.Mi quan h gia cc loi hp cht v.

II.Nhng phn ng HH minh ha: -.Na2O(r) + H2O(l) 2NaOH(dd)KOH(dd)+ HNO3(dd) KNO3(dd)+ H2O(l)P2O5(r) + 3H2O(l) 2H3PO4(dd)HCl(dd)+ Ag(NO)3(dd) AgCl(r)+HNO3(dd)SO3(k)+ 2NaOH(dd) Na2SO4(dd)+ H2O(l)Ba(NO3)2(dd) + H2SO4(dd) 2HNO3 + (dd)BaSO4(r) III: Bi tp1.Gii bi tp1

MgO(r) + 2HCl(dd) MgCl2(dd)+ H2O(l)

MgCl2(dd)+ 2NaOH(dd) Mg(OH)2(r) + 2NaCl(dd)Mg(OH)2(r) MgO(r) + H2O(l)

2.Gii bi tp2Na2O(r) + H2O(l) 2 NaOH(dd)HCl(dd) + AgNO3(dd) AgCl(r) + HNO3(dd)SO3(k) +2NaOH(dd) Na2SO4(dd)+ H2O(l)

KOH + ? ---> KNO3 + H2OP2O5(r) + 3H2O(l) 2H3PO4(dd)Ba(NO3)2 + ? ---> HNO3 +

Trang 33

MUI

(1)

(2)(3)(4)

(5)

(6)(7)

(8)

(9)

Oxit baz

Baz

Oxit axit

AxitMUI

(1)

(2)(3)(4)

(5)

(6)(7)

(8)

(9)

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Gio n ho hoc9

KOH + ? ---> KNO3 + H2OHCl + ? ---> AgCl +Ba(NO3)2 + ? ---> HNO3 + ?

KOH(dd) + HNO3(dd) KNO3(dd)+ H2O(l)HCl + ? ---> AgCl + ?

Ba(NO3)2(dd)+H2SO4(dd) HNO3(dd) + BaSO4(r)

4.Cng c

Bi tp.: Xt phng trnh ha hc sau:SO3(k)+ Na2O(r) Na2SO4(r)CaCO3(r) CaO(r) + CO2(k)

Phng trnh ha hc trn th hin s chuyn i gia cc loi hp cht v c no?5.Dn d

-Lm bi tpcn li sgk./41- Xem trc bi luyn tp : Hy phn loi hp cht v c ,rt ra mi quan h v vit PTHHminh ha.?

IV. Rt kinh nghim

\Tun : 9 Tit : 18Ngy son : Bi 13: LUYN TP CHNG 1

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t0

to

xt

Gio n ho hoc9 Ngy dy: CC LOI HP CHT V C

I . Mc tiu :* Kin thc:Hc sinh c n tp tp hiu r hn v tnh cht ca cc loi hp cht v c mh gia chng* K nng: Rn k nng vit PTHH, phn bit cc cht,v lm cc bi tp nh lng*Thi : C hng th say m vi hc tpII. Chun b Gio vin: Phiu hc tp , Bng nhm. Hc sinh:n tp cc kin thc hcIII.Tin trnh bi dy

1.n nh lp: Kim tra s s2.Kim tra bi c:Trong qu trnh n tp

1. 3.Bi mi:Phng php Ni dung

I. Hot ng 1Kin thc cn nh.1.Phn loi cc hp cht v c: GV: Hng dn: nhm HS tho lun :in vo trng cc loi hp cht v c thch hpi din nhm bo coNhm khc b sungkt lun2.Tnh cht ha hc ca cc loi hp cht v c GV: Hng dn: nhm HS tho lun :in vo trng cc loi hp cht v c thch hpi din nhm bo coNhm khc b sungkt lun II. Hot ng2 Bi tp:GV: Hng dn: nhm HS tho lun lm bi GV:Yu cu hc sinh lm bi tp v tnh cht ha hcca c c cht Nhm 1 Oxit Baz Nhm 2 Baz

Nhm 3 Axit: Nhm 4 Mui*Tnh cht ha hc ca oxit a/ Oxit baz +. ---> Baz b/ Oxit axit +.. --->Axitc/ Oxit baz +. ---> Mui + Ncd/ Oxit axit +.. --->mui + nce/ Oxit baz + oxit axit --->.*Tnh cht ha hc ca baz a/ Baz + . ---> Mui + Nc

b/ Baz + . ---> Mui + Ncc/ Baz + .. ---> Mui + Baz d/ Baz --to-> Oxit baz + Nc*Tnh cht ha hc ca axit a/ Axit + . ---> Mui + Hidr b / Axit + .. ---> Mui + Ncc / Axit +.. ---> Mui + Ncd/ Axit + .. ---> Mui + axit*Tnh cht ha hc ca mui a/ Mui +. ---> Mui + Axit b/ Mui +. ---> Mui + Baz

c / Mui +.. ---> Mui + Muid / Mui +.. ---> Mui + Kim loie/ Mui --->+ ..

I. Hot ng 1Kin thc cn nh.1.Phn loi cc hp cht v c:(K bng SGK/42)

2.Tnh cht ha hc ca cc loi hp cht v c (K bng SGK/42)

II. Bi tp:Oxit:

a. CaO+H2O Ca(OH)2 b. SO3+H2O H2SO4c. MgO+2HCl MgCl2+H2Od. CO2+2NaOH Na2CO3+H2O

Baz a. 2NaOH+ H2SO4 Na2SO4+2H2O b. Ca(OH)2+CO2 CaCO3+ H2Oc. 2NaOH+CuCl2 Cu(OH)2+2NaCla. 2Fe(OH)3(r) Fe2O3(r) + 3H2O(l)

Axit:a. HCl(dd) + Zn(r) ZnCl2(dd)+ H2 b. H2SO4(dd)+ Ca(OH)2(dd) Ca(NO3)2(dd)_ + H2O(l)c. 2HNO3(dd)+ CaO(r) Ca(NO3)2(dd)+ H2O(l)d. H2SO4(dd)+ BaCl2(dd) BaSO4 +2 HCl(dd)

Mui:a. Ca(NO3)2(dd)+H2SO4(dd) CaSO4(r) + 2HNO3(dd) b. FeCl3(r) + 3NaOH(dd) Fe(OH)3 + 3NaClc. AgNO3(dd)+ NaCl AgCl + NaNO3(dd)d. Fe(r) + CuSO4(dd) FeSO4(dd)+ Cu(r)

e. 2KClO3 2KCl + 3O2

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Gio n ho hoc9 i din nhm bo conhm khc b sungp n ng.2.Bi tp 2: GV: Hng dn: nhm HS tho lunlm bi:Bng phng php ha hc, hy phn bit cccht lng khng mu ng ring bit trong ccng nghim sau: NaOH, H2O, H2SO4, NaCl . GV:Hng dn: nhm HS tho lun lm bii din nhm bo conhm khc b sungp n ng.

2. Gii bi tp 2:* Ly mi l mt t lm mu th. Cho qu tm vomi mu th chia-Giy qu mu l l H2SO4-Giy qu mu xanh l NaOH- Giy qu khng i mu l :NaCl, v H2O* Nh vi git dung dch AgNO3 vo hai mu thcn li-L no xut hin kt ta trng l: AgNO3PT:AgNO3 + NaCl AgCl(r) + NaNO3 -L cn li l H2O

4..Cng c :HS lm bi1:tp Trn mt dung dch c ho tan 0,2 mol CuCl2 vi mt dung dch c ha tan 20 g NaOH.Lc hn hp cc cht sau phn ng, GV: Hng dn: nhm HS tho lun lm bi c kt v n Nung kt ta n khi khi lng khng thay i.

a/ Vit cc phng trnh ha hc v tnh khi lng cht rn thu c sau phn ng .b/ Tnh khi lng cc cht tan c trong nc lc

-Bi tp2:Phn loi cc hp cht v c sau: Na2O, Al(OH)3, HCl, H3PO4, KHSO4, CuSO4, Ca(OH)2,SO3, H2S, NaOH, ZnO, P2O5, Fe(OH)2, HNO3, Ca(HCO3)2, FeCl3GV: Yu cu hc sinh c bi .GV: hng dn hc sinh cch gii5.Dn d:

-HS Lm bi tp cn li sgk. Chun b bi 14 thc hnh sgk/44-c trc ni dung bi thc hnh ch cch tin hnh th nghim, hin tng quan st , rt rcht ha hc ca baz v mui?IV. Rt kinh nghim

Trang 36

Duyt ca chuyn mn- Hnh thc:- Noi dung:- So lng:- e ngh:

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Gio n ho hoc9

Tun : 10 Tit : 19Ngy son : Bi 14: THC HNHNgy dy: TNH CHT HA HC CA BAZ V MUI

I . Mc tiu :* Kin thc:Hc sinh cng c cc kin thc hc bng th nghim* K nng: Rn luyn cho hs k nng lm TN, rn luyn kh nng quan st, phn on*Thi : C hng th say m vi hc tpII. Chun b Gio vin: Chun b 4 b dng gm

+ Ha cht : dd NaOH, dd FeCl3, dd CuSO4, dd HCl, dd BaCl2, dd Na2SO4, ddH2SO4 inh st + Dng c : Gi ng nghim, ng nghim, ng ht, kp g, khay Hc sinh:n tp cc kin thc hcIII.Tin trnh bi dy

1.n nh lp: Kim tra s s2.Kim tra bi c:Khng.

3.Bi mi:

Phng php Ni dungI. Hot ng 1:Tin hnh th nghim1. Th nghim : Tnh cht ha hc ca baz

*Th nghim 1: Natrihiroxit tc dng vi muiGV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh TN- Nh vigit dung dch NaOH vo ng nghim c cha 1ml dd FeCl3, lc nh ng nghim Quanst nhn xt hin tng gii thchVit PTHH-i din nhm bo conhm khc b sung

kt lun v vit PTHH*Th nghim 2: ng (II) hidroxit tc dng viaxitGV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh TN Cho 1 tCu(OH)2 vo y ng nghim, nh vi git dungdch HCl lc u Quan st nhn xthin tng gii thch Vit PTHH-i din nhm bo conhm khc b sung

kt lun v vit PTHH2..Th nghim 2: Tnh cht ha hc camui.*.Th nghim 3:mui ng (II) sunfat tcdng vi kim loi GV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh TN Ngm 1inh st nh, sch trong ng nghim cha 1mldd CuSO4 quan st hin tng ( nh)

Quan st nhn xt hin tng gii thch

I. Hot ng 1:Tin hnh th nghim1. Th nghim : Tnh cht ha hc ca baz:

*Th nghim 1 : Natrihiroxit tc dng vi muiDd M + dd BZ BZ mi + M miPT:FeCl3(dd) +NaOH(dd) Fe(OH)3(r) +NaCldd)

*Th nghim 2: ng (II) hidroxit tc dng vi axiBZ + AX M + NcPT:Cu(OH)2(dd) + HCl(dd) CuCl2 (dd) +H2O(dd)

2..Th nghim : Tnh cht ha hc ca mui.

*.Th nghim 3:Tnh cht ha hc ca mui

KL + M M mi + KL miPT:Fe(dd) +CuSO4 (dd) CuSO4 (dd)+Cu(r )

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Gio n ho hoc9

Vit PTHHi din nhm bo conhm khc b sung

kt lun v vit PTHH*Th nghim 4: Bariclorua tc dng vi mui.GV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh TN Nh vigit dd BaCl2 vo ng nghim c cha 1 ml dd

Na2SO4 Quan st nhn xt hin tnggii thch Vit PTHHi din nhm bo conhm khc b sung

kt lun v vit PTHH*Th nghim 5GV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh TN Nh vigit dd BaCl2 vo ng nghim ngH2SO4 Quan st nhn xt hin tnggii thch Vit PTHHi din nhm bo conhm khc b sung

kt lun v vit PT II. Hot ng 2 HS vit bn tng trnh theo mu:

*Th nghim 4: Bariclorua tc dng vi mui.

M + M 2M mi.

PT:BaCl2(dd)+Na2SO4(dd) BaSO4(r ) +NaCl(dd)

*Th nghim 5: Bariclorua tc dng vi axitPT:BaCl2(dd)+H2SO4(dd) BaSO4(r ) +HCl(dd)

II. HS vit bn tng trnh theo mu::TN Mc chTN Hin tngquan st Kt qa TN

4..Cng c : Nhn xt bui thc hnh ,cho hs ra dng c5.Dn d

-Cc em v nh hc li bi c v lm tt c cc bi tp sgk chun b cho bi kim tra 1 tit- c trc ni dung bi 15 .Hy nu tnh cht vt l ca kim loi ?. Cho bit ng dng ca ch

(tnh do, tnh dn in , nhit . V cc ng dng.).IV. Rt kinh nghim

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Gio n ho hoc9

Tun : 10 Tit: 20 KIM TRA 45 PHT(K1/2)Ngy son:Ngy dy : I . Mc tiu :* Kin thc:Kim tra li mt s kin thc c bn ca chng .v phng php gii bi tp* K nng: thc cn thn trong hc tp .Thng qua kt qu bi kim tra t c bin php cho ph hp. *Thi : thc t gic trong hc tpII. Chun b Gio vin:Chun b cu hi

Hc sinh:n tp cc kin thc hcIII.Tin trnh bi dy1.n nh lp: Kim tra s s. 2.Thit lp ma trn:

4. Kim tI IV.Rt kinh nghim:

H v tn: KIM TRA NH K B1/ K1 (09-2010)Lp: STT: Mn: Ha hc lp 9

(Thi gian 45. Khng k thi gian giao )

II. PHN TRC NGHIM: 3 imCu 1: : Nhng cht no sau y c iu ch trc tip t H2SO4:

c. SO2 b. CO2 c. H2 d. C a,b.c.Cu 2:Mui no sau y khng c php c trong nc n v tnh c ca n :

d. CaSO4 CaCO3 c. Pb(NO3)2 d. NaClCu 3: C hai dd Natrisunphat v Natricacbonat. Thuc th phn bit 2 dung dch ny l:

e. dd BaCl2 b. dd H2SO4 c. dd AgNO3 d. dd NaOHCu 4:CaCO3 c th tham gia phn ng vi:

a. NaOH b. KNO3 c. HCl d. MgCu 5:Sp xp cc dd H2S,HNO3,NaCl,NaOH theo chiu tng ca PH:

a.H2S,NaCl,HNO3,NaOH. c. H2S,HNO3,NaCl,NaOH

Trang 39

Ni dung Mc kin thc k nng TngBit Hiu Vn dng

TNKQ TL TNKQ TL TNKQ TLT/c HH cabaz.

3(0,75) 2(0,5) 1(0,5) 6(1,75)

Mt s baz quan trng

1(0,25) 1(2) 2(0,5) 1(2) 1(0,5) 1(3) 7(8,25)

Tng 4(1,0) 1(2) 4(1) 1(2) 2(1,0) 1(3) 13(10)im Li ph

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t0

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Gio n ho hoc9

b.H2S,NaOH,NaCl,HNO3. d. HNO3,H2S,NaCl,NaOH.Cu 6:Cho 2,8(g) mt kim loi ha tr II.tc dng ht vi dd HCl thu c 11,2(l) kh ktc. Kim lo l: a. Mg b.Ba c.Fe d.CaCu 7:C 2 dung dch khng mu l: Ca(OH)2v NaOH. phn bit 2 dung dch bng phng phpha hc. ngi ta dng:

a.CO2 b. Phenolphtalein c. HCl d. Nhit phnCu 8:Cho cc cht sau:NaOH,NaCl ,Al(OH)3.CO2,CuO,K 2O..Dy cht tc dng vi axit l:

b. NaOH,CuO,K 2O,HCl. c. K 2O,NaCl,NaOH.Al(OH)3c. CO2,NaOH,CuO,K 2O. d. NaOH, K 2O,Al(OH)3 ,CuO.

Cu 9: Cho 20(g)NaOH tc dng vi 11,2(l)kh CO2. Khi lng mui thu c l:a.53 b. 42 c. 35 d. Mt kt qu khc.

Cu 10:C 2 dd khng mu ng H2SO4 c ngui v HCl cht dng phn bit 2dd ny l:a. Fe b. NaOH c.Cu d. Na2O

.II.PHN T LUN: 7 imCu 1Cho cc cht sau:Cu,HCl,Mg,NaOH,FeCl3.Hy cho bit cht no c th tc dng vi nhau ?Vit phng trnh.

Cu 2:Thc hin dy chuyn ha sau:Cu CuO CuCl 2 Cu(OH)2 CuOCu 3:Bi ton

Ha tan 13(g)Zn bng dung dch axitclohiric nng 20% va a. Tnh th tch kh thot ra ( ktc)? b. Tnh khi lng dung dch axitclohric dng ?.c. Tnh nng % ca mui to thnh?(Bit Zn=65, Cl=35,5 , H=1 )

THCS L Qu n P N KIM TRA NH KB2/k1(09-2010)T L- ho-Sinh Mn : Ho hc lp 9

(Thi gian 45 ,khng k thi gian giao )II.PHN TRC NGHIM 3 im (ng mi la chn 0,25 im. Cu tnh ton 0,5 im)

II.PHN T LUN: 7 imCu 1: (2 im) :Vit ng 1 PTHH: (0,5). Cn bng sai tr 0,25/1pt1) Mg(r) + 2HCl(dd) MgCl2 (dd) + H2(k) 2) 3Mg(r) + 2FeCl3(dd) 3MgCl2(dd)+2 Fe(r)

3)HCl(dd)+ NaOH(dd) NaCl(dd) + H2O(l) 4) FeCl3(dd)+3NaOH(dd) Fe(OH)3(r) +3NaCl(dd)Cu 2: (2 im) Vit ng 1 PTHH: (0,5). Cn bng sai tr 0,25/1pt

1)2Cu(r) + O2(k) 2CuO(r) 2)CuO(r)+ 2HCl(dd) CuCl2(dd)+ H2O(l)3)CuCl2(dd)+2NaOH(dd) Cu(OH)2(r) + 2NaCl(dd)

4) Cu(OH)2(r) CuO(r) + H2O(h)3. Cu 3: (3 im)

nZn = )(2,06513

mol M m

== (0,25)

Zn + 2 HCl ZnCl2 + H2 (0,5)TPT: 1 : 2 : 1 : 1T : 0,2 x= 0,4 z =0,2 y = 0,2(0,25)a) VH2 = n * 22,4 = 0,2 * 22,4 = 4,48 (l)

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Cu Cu1

Cu2

Cu3

Cu 4 Cu 5 Cu6

Cu7

Cu8

Cu 9 Cu10

p n d c b c d c a d b a

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Gio n ho hoc9 b) mddHCl= )(73100*

205,36*4.0

100*%

g cmct

== (1im)

c)C%ZnCl2 =mdd

mct 100* = %7,314,07313

100*136*2,0=

+(1im)

Tun : 11 Tit :21 Chng II: KIM LOINgy son : Bi 15: TNH CHT VT L CA KIM LOINgy dy:

I . Mc tiu :* Kin thc:HS bit 1 s tnh cht vt l ca kim loi nh tnh do, tnh dn in,dn nhit v nkim . Mt s ng dng ca kim loi trong i sng sn xut * K nng: Bit thc hin ,TN n gin ,quan st ,m t hin tng ,nhn xt v rt ra kt lun vtnh cht vt l*Thi : HS c thi nghim tc .C hng th say m vi hc tpII. Chun b Gio vin: Chun b 1 on dy thp, n cn, kim loi, ca nhm,1 mu than 1 dy

nhm . Phiu hc tp , Bng nhm. Hc sinh:n tp cc kin thc hcIII.Tin trnh bi dy

1.n nh lp: Kim tra s s2.Kim tra bi c: : khng3.Bi mi Xung quanh ta c nhiu vt, my mc lm bng kim loi ,kim loi c nhng tnh ch

vt l v ng dng g trong i sng v sn xut.Phng php Ni dung

I.Hot ng 1: HS tm hiu tnh cht ca kim loiTh nghim 1: HS tm hiu tnh do. GV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh TN-Dng ba p vo 1dy nhm v 1 mu than Quan sthin tng (Thanv vn, dy nhm ch b dt mng).gii thch GV: Chohs quan st cc mu vt.Giy gi bnh ko bng nhm .Vcc hpi din nhm bo conhm khc b sung kt lun.Th nghim 2: HS tm hiu tnh dn inGV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh TN2.1 Sgk Quan sthin tgGV: Trong thc t dy dn thng c lm bng kim loino?

- Theo cc em kim loi khc c dn in khng?GV: Kim loi khc nhau c kh nng dn in khc nhau,dn in tt nht l vng sau l ng, nhm, stGV: Do c tnh dn in 1 s kim loi c dng lm dyin nh l kim loi no ?HS: Dy dn thng c lm bng ng bng nhm?-GV: lin h an ton khi s dung in.i din nhm bo conhm khc b sung kt lun.Th nghim 3: HS tm hiu tnh dn nhitGV: Hng dn cc nhm hs lm th nghim-t 1 on dy st trn ngn la n cn hin tng g xy

ra?( Phn thp khng tip xc vi ngn la cng b nngln? Ti sao li nh vy?i din nhm bo conhm khc b sung kt lun.

I.Tnh cht vt l ca kim loi:Kim loi c: Tnh do , dn in, dn nhitt,c nh kim

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Gio n ho hoc9 Th nghim 4: HS tm hiu tnh nh kimGV: Quan st trang sc bng vng,bc cc em thy g?HS: Lp lnh rt p- Ti sao nh vy?HS: Bi v n c nh kimGV: Cc kim loi khc cng c nh kim nh vy?Rt kt lun:II. Hot ng 2 ng dng-Da vo cc tnh cht ca kim loi cc nhm tho lunng dng ca kim loi .-i din nhm bo conhm khc b sung kt lun.

II. ng dngCn c vo tnh cht vt l ngi ta s dnkim loi trong i sng sn xut.

4..Cng c :* Hc sinh nhc li Tnh cht vt l ca kim loi . ng dng* BT:Cho 46,5 g Na2O tc dng vi nc thu c 1,5 (l ) dung dch

a. Tnh nng mol ca dung dch thu c b. Tnh th tch dung dch H2SO410% c khi lng ring D= 1,14 g/ml trung ho ht

lng dung dch trn .Hc sinh c bi .GV: hng dn cch gii.

P N n Na2 O= = 0.75 ( mol)

PTHH: Na2O + H2O 2NaOHT : 1 : 1 : 2TBR: 0.75 : 1.5

a. CM ( NaOH) = = 1 (M)

b. H2SO4 + 2NaOH Na2SO4 + 2 H2OTPT : 1 : 2 : 1 : 2T x= 0,75 1,5

m H2 SO4 = 0,75 . 98 = 73,5 (gam)

m dd H2 SO4= = 735 (gam)

V dd H2 SO4= = = 644,7 (gam) (0.5 im)

5.Dn d-Cc em v nh hc li bi c v lm tt c cc bi tp cn li sgk chun b cho bi kim tra 1 - c trc ni dung bi 16 tr li cu hi kim loi c tnh ha hc no? Vit PTHH.?IV. Rt kinh nghim

Tun : 11 Tit : 22

Trang 42

46.562

1.51.5

73,5 . 10010

md

7351,14

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Gio n ho hoc9 Ngy son : Bi 16: TNH CHT HA HC CA KIM LOINgy dy:

I . Mc tiu :* Kin thc:HS bit c tnh cht ha hc ca kim loi ni chung ,tc dng ca kim loi vi dundch axit vi dung dch mui .Vit PTHH biu din tnh cht ha hc ca kim loi* K nng: Bit thc hin TN ,quan st ,m t hin tng v tng tnh cht*Thi : HS:.C hng th say m vi hc tpII. Chun b Gio vin: Chun b 1 on dy thp, n cn, kim loi, ca nhm, 1 mu than, 1 dynhm. Phiu hc tp , Bng nhm. Hc sinh:n tp cc kin thc hcIII.Tin trnh bi dy

1.n nh lp: Kim tra s s2.Kim tra bi c: : Hy nu tnh cht vt l v ng dng tng ng ca kim loi?

3.Bi mi:Phng php Ni dung

I.Hot ng 1 Gip hs tm hiu phn ng ca kimloi vi phi kimChng ta bit c hn 80 kim loi

khc nhau nh st ,magie . Cc kim loi ny c tnhcht ha hc chung Trong chng trnh lp 8 em bit phn ng ca kim loi no vi oxiHS: St tc dng vi oxi GVPhn ng to ra cht g ?HS: To ra oxit st t1.Tc dng vi oxi GV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh TN st tc dng vioxi Nhn xt hin tng .gii thchGV: Nhiu KL khc nh :Al, Zn, Cu.phn ng vioxi cc oxit.i din nhm bo conhm khc b sung ktlun. Vit PTHH ?2. Tc dng vi phi kim khcGV: Vi nhng phi kim khc th sao ta tm hiu qua thnghim sau HS: quan st TN Cho 1 mu Na vo mungst mung st trn ngn la n cn cho natri nngchy a nhanh mung st vo bnh ng kh clo hintng xy ra Nhn xt hin tng GV:Khi trngchnh l natriclorua. gii thch kt lun. Vit PTHH ?II.Hot ng 2: HS tm hiu phn ng ca kim loi

vi dd axitGV: C 1 s kim loi tc dng vi axit HCl, H2SO4 tothnh mui v kh H2 - Hy k tn nhng kim loi ,nu hin tng xy raHS: - Km ,st ,nhm Khi cho km v cc kim loikhc vo axit HCl (H2SO4) c kh bay raGV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh TN st tc dng viaxit Nhn xt hin tng .gii thchGV: Nhiu KL khc nh :Al, Zn, Cu.phn ng vioxi cc oxit.i din nhm bo conhm khc b sung ktlun. Vit PTHH ?GV: Ngoi ra hu ht cc kim loi phn ng vi H2SO4c hoc HNO3 nhng khng gii phng kh hidro

I.Phn ng ca kim loi vi phi kim

1.Tc dng vi oxiVD:3Fe+2O2Fe3O4

2. Tc dng vi phi kim khcVD:2Na + Cl2 2 NaClKt lun-Hu ht cc kim loi (Tr Au v Pt) phnng vi oxi nhit thng hoc cao tothnh oxit .- nhit cao ,kim loi phn ng vi nhiu phi kim khc to thnh muiII.Phn ng ca kim loi vi dd axitMt s kim loi + Axit ( HCl,H2SO4 long)

mui + kh hidro

VD: Zn+2HClZnCl2+H2

II.Phn ng ca kim loi vi dd mu.i1. Phn ng ca ng vi dung dch bcnitratPT:Cu + 2AgNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2Ag-ng y bc ra khi mui ta ni ng hotng HH mnh hn bc.2. Phn ng ca km vi dung dch ng

(II) sunfatPT:Zn + CuSO4 Cu + ZnSO4 Zn > Cu

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Gio n ho hoc9 II.Hot ng 2: HS tm hiu phn ng ca kim loivi dd muiGV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh TN Phn ng cakm vi ddCuSO4 . Phn ng ca ng vi dd AgNO3

Nhn xt hin tng gii thchi din nhm bo conhm khc b sung kt

lun. Vit PTHH ?GV: Tng t Mg,Al,Zn.phn ng vi dd CuSO4 ,AgNO3 M mi + KLmiGV: T nhng v d trn em c kt lun g ?

Kt lunKim loi hot ng ha hc mnh hn (tr Na,K,Ca) c th y kim loi hot ng yuhn ra khi dung dch mui to thnh muimi v kim loi mi

4..Cng c :Kim loi c nhng tnh cht ha hc no5.Dn d

-HS Lm bi tp cn li sgk.c trc bi 17 Tr li cu hi: 1. mc ng hot ng ha hc ca kim loi c khc nhau kh2.Dy hot ng ha hc ca kim loi ni ln c iu g?IV. Rt kinh nghim

Tun : 12 Tit : 23

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Duyt ca chuyn mn

- Hnh thc:- Noi dung:

- So lng:- e ngh:

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Gio n ho hoc9 Ngy son : Bi 17: DY HAT NG HA HCNgy dy CA KIM LOI

I . Mc tiu :* Kin thc:Bit thc hin TN ,quan st ,m t hin tng v tng tnh cht Dy hot ng ha hca kim loi. ngha ca dy hot ng ha hc ca kim loi.* K nngBit cch tin hnh mt s th nghim i chng nhm chng minh kh nng hot ngca kim loi.Vit cc PTHH .Vn dng dy hot ng ha hc ca kim loi xt cc phn ng kim loi c xy ra khng*Thi : HS:.C hng th say m vi hc tpII. Chun b Gio vin: Dng c: ng nghim, kp st, kp g, cc thy tinh

Ha cht: Cu, Fe, CuSO4, FeSO4, HCl, Na Hc sinh:n tp cc kin thc hcIII.Tin trnh bi dy

1.n nh lp: Kim tra s s2.Kim tra bi c: : Trnh by tnh cht ha hc ca kim loi

3.Bi mi Phng php Ni dung

I.Hot ng 1 :Dy hot ng ha hc ca kimloi c xy dng th no?1. Th nghim 1HS: c th nghim 1 sgk.GV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh TN cho inh Fe vong 1 dd CuSO4v cho mu dy Cu vo ng 2 ddFeSO4 Nhn xt hin tng (ng 1 c cht rnmu bm ngoi inh Fe . ng 2 khng c hintng g .). gii thchi din nhm bo conhm khc b sungVit PTHH kt lun.2. Th nghim 2HS: c th nghim 2 sgk.GV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh TN cho mu dy Cuvo ng 1 ng dd AgNO3v cho mu dy Ag vong 2 dd CuSO4 Nhn xt hin tng (ng 1 ccht rn mu xm bm vo dy Cu . ng 2 khng chin tng g .). gii thchi din nhm bo conhm khc b sungVit PTHH kt lun.3. Th nghim 3HS: c th nghim 3 sgk.GV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh TN cho inh Fe vo

ng 1,2 ng dd HCl Nhn xt hin tng (ng 1c bt kh that ra ng 2 khng c hin tng ggii thchi din nhm bo conhm khc b sungVit PTHH kt lun.4. Th nghim 4HS: c th nghim 4 sgk.GV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh TN cho mu Na vocc 2 ng nc ct . Cc 1 ng nc ct c thmvi git dd phenolphtaleinNhn xt hin tng(Cc 1 mu Na tan dn dd c mu . Cc 2 khngc hin tng g .). gii thchi din nhm bo conhm khc b sung

I.Hot ng 1 :Dy hot ng ha hc cakim loi c xy dng th no?1. Th nghim 1

PT:Fe(r) + CuSO4(dd) FeSO4(dd)+Cu(r) Kt lunFe hot ng ha hc mnh hn Cu .Ta xpFe, Cu

2. Th nghim 2

PT:Cu(r) + 2AgNO3(dd) Cu(NO2)2 (dd)+2Ag(r)Cu hot ng ha hc mnh hn Ag. Ta xpCu, Ag

3. Th nghim 3PT:Fe(r) + 2HCl(dd) FeCl2(dd)+ H2(k) Fe y c H ra khi dd axit, Cu khng yc H ra khi dd axit.Ta xp Fe, H, Cu

4. Th nghim 4PT:2Na(r) + 2H2O(l) 2NaOH(dd)+ H2(k) Na hot ng ha hc mnh hn Fe.Ta xp Na, Fe

Dy hot ng ha hc ca kim loi

c xp nh sau:K, Na, Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Pb, (H), Cu, Ag, Au.

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Gio n ho hoc9 Vit PTHH kt lun )GV: Qua th nghim 1, 2,3,4 em hy xp cc kimloi Na,Fe, H, Cu, Ag, theo chiu hot ng ha hcgim dn ?HS xp Kt lun.GV: Nhn xt Gii thiu dy hot ng ha hc

ca kim loi.II.Hot ng 2: Dy hot ng ha hc ca kimloi c ngha nh th no?Hs: c thng tin sgk, tm hiu ngha dy hotng ha hc ca kim loi.GV: Gii thch.HS: Ly v d.GV: Nhn xt, KL.

II.Hot ng 2: Dy hot ng ha hc cakim loi c ngha nh th no?1. Mc hat ng ha hc ca kim loi gimdn t tri qua phi.2. Kim loi ng trc Mg tc dng vi nc iu kin thng kim v kh hiro.3. Kim loi ng trc H phn ng vi mt sdd axit (HCl, H2SO4 long, ) kh H2.4. Kim loi ng (tr Na, K) trc y kimloi ng sau ra khi dung dch mui

4..Cng c Vit dy hot ng ha hc v nu ngha?5.Dn d

-HS Lm bi tp cn li sgk.c trc bi 18 Hy cho bit Al c tnh cht ha hc no ? Cch sn xut Al?IV. Rt kinh nghim:

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Gio n ho hoc9 Tun : 12 Tit : 24Ngy son : Bi 18: NHM Ngy dy K hiu ha hc: Al

Nguyn t khi: 27 I . Mc tiu :* Kin thc:Tnh cht vt l ca nhm , tnh cht ha hc ca nhm: Nhm c nhng tnh cht hahc ca kim loi ni chung ( tc dng vi phi kim, vi dung dch axit, vi dung dch mui ca kimkm hot ng hn).phn ng vi dd kim* K nngBit cch tin hnh mt s th nghim kim tra d on .Vit cc PTHH .*Thi : HS:.C hng th say m vi hc tpII. Chun b Gio vin: Dng c: ng nghim, kp st, kp g, cc thy tinh

Ha cht: CuCl2, dy Al, HCl, ddNaOHHc sinh:n tp cc kin thc hc

III.Tin trnh bi dy1.n nh lp: Kim tra s s2.Kim tra bi c: : Trnh by tnh cht ha hc ca kim loi? vit PTHH?.

3.Bi mi

Phng php Ni dungI.Hot ng 1 :Tnh cht vt l Cho hc sinh tm hiu thng tin SGK/55 v quan stmt s hnh nh v tnh cht vt l nhmTnh chtvt l ca nhmII.Hot ng 2 : Tnh cht ha hc1. Nhm c nhng tnh cht ha hc ca kim loikhng?GV:Nhm l kim loi hay phi kim( kim loi). Em hyd on tnh cht ha hc ca nhm. kim tra sd on ta tin hnh 1 s th nghim sau:1.Th nghim 1. Phn ng vi phi kim* Phn ng vi oxi :GV: Biu din th nghim : Rc bt nhm ln ngn la n cn .HS:Quan st hintng (Nhm chy sng to thnh bt mu trng )

Nhn x tKt lun Vit PTHH

GV: Vy iu kin thng nhm c tc dng vi oxikhng? Hin tng ny c li g?( C, to thnh lpAl2 O3 mng bn vng, lp oxt ny bo v vt bng nhm, khng cho nhm tc dng vi oxi v ncv th khi s dng nhm khng nn tr qu mnh)* Vi phi kim khcGV: Ngoi ra nhm cn tc dng vi phi kim nokhc? (hs xem on phim)Kt lun nhm phn ngvi phi kim khc g Vit 1 PTHH minh hab/ Phn ng vii dung dch Axt v mui.GV:hng dn nhm:Tin hnh TN (pht phi hc tpyu cu hc sinh lm theo phiu).Cho dy Nhm vo ng nghim 1 cha dung dchHCl: Quan st hin tng: (Si bt kh, Nhm tanra .i din nhm bo conhm khc b sungVit PTHH kt lun. v GV Lu :Th nghim 2: Cho dy nhm vo ng nghim 2 chadung dch CuCl2. Quan st hin tng ch mu

I. Tnh cht vt l Nhm l kim loi mu trng bc ,c nh kimnh (d= 2,7 g/cm3),dn in ( bng 2/3 ng,dn nhit ,nng chy 6600C.II. Tnh cht ha hc1. Nhm c nhng tnh cht ha hc cakim loi khng?a. Phn ng vi phi kim :*Phn ng vi oxi

PT:4 Al( r) + 3 O2 ( k) 2Al2O3 ( r)

* Vi phi kim khc

2Al (r) + 3Cl2(k) 2AlCl3(r) (Trng) (Vng lc) (Trng)

-Nhm phn ng vi oxinhm oxit. phnng vi nhiu phi kim khc nh:S,Clmuib/ Phn ng vii dung dch Axt.2Al (r) + 6HCl (dd) 2AlCl3 (dd) + 3H2(k)

(Trng) (Khng mu) (Khng mu)(Kmu)Ch : Nhm khng tc dng vi H2SO4 c, nguiv HNO3, c ngui:b/ Phn ng vii dung dch Axt v mui2Al(r)+3CuCl2 (dd) 2AlCl3(dd)+ 3Cu(r)(trng) (xanh lam ) (khng mu) ()

Nhm phn ng c vi nhiu dd muicanhng kim loi hot ng ho hc yu to

ra mui nhm v kim loi mi*Kt lun: Nhm c tnh cht ha hc ca kimloi

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in phn nng chy

Gio n ho hoc9 sc ca cht bm vo, mu dung dch sau phn ng.(C cht rn mu bm vo bn ngoi dy nhm,mu dung dch nht dn, nhm tan dnkt lunVit PTHH-T TN trn Nhn xt g?( nhm c tnh cht hahc ca kim loi).2..Th nghim : Nhm c tnh cht ha hc nokh GV hng d nhm HS lm TN 3: Cho dy Nhm vo ng nghim 3 cha dung dch NaOH .Thkh: kh thot ra mt lc ri t.Quan st hintng (Bt kh khng mu that ra,nhm tan dn)Kt lun( Nhm c phn ng vi dd kim v gii phng kh H2III.Hot ng 3. ng d ngGV: Cho hc sinh quan st mt s hnh nh v ngdng ca nhm.GV: Nhm c nhng ng dng no?

HS: C nhiu ng dng trong i sng v cngnghipIV.Hot ng 4: Sn xut nhm Chiu on phimm t qu trnh sn xut nhm.?Nguyn liu sn xut Nhm l g?( Qung Boxit(Al2O3)? Phng php sn xut?( in phn hn hpnng chy Nhm oxt v Criolit)PTHH

2/ Nhm c tnh cht ha hc no khc ? Nhm phn ng vi dung dch kim v gii phng kh H22Al +2NaOH +2H2O 2NaAlO2 +H2III. ng dng:

+ Trong i sng : (Nhm v hp kim canhm ) lm dng gia nh, dy dn in,vt liu xy dng+Trong cng nghip : (uyra nh bn ) chto my bay, t, tu v tr

IV: Sn xut nhm * Nguyn liu: Qung Bxt (Al2O3)*Phng php: in phn hn hp nng chy Nhm oxit v Criolit

2Al2O3 4Al + 3O2

4..Cng c Bi tp trc nghim :1. V sao dy nhm c th cn mng hoc ko thnh si ?

a.Tnh cng b.Tnh do c.Tnh dn in d.C a, b,c2. Khng nn dng x, chu, ni Nhm ng vi, nc vi hoc va xy dng v:a. Nhm tc dng vi kim b. Nhm tc dng vi oxi iu kin thngc. Nhm do d.Tt c u ng3. . V sao dy in cao th li c lm bng nhm ( dn in bng 2/3 ng)? a. Nh. b. Kinh t. c. C lp oxt bo v. d. C nh kim.5.Dn d

-HS Lm bi tp cn li sgk.c trc bi 19 Hy cho bit Fe ctnh cht vt l, ha hc no ?IV. Rt kinh nghim:

Tun : 13 Tit : 25

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criolit

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Gio n ho hoc9 hc yu hn.Gv: Qua cc th nghm trn, c th rt ra nhn xt gv tnh cht ha hc ca st.Hs: c thng tin mc Em c bit

4..Cng c Nu tnh cht ha hc ca st

5.Dn d-HS Lm bi tp cn li sgk.- c trc bi 20 Tr li cu hi?: Hp kim ca Fe, gang ,thp khc nhau th no? Trnh by

trnh sn xut gang , thp ?IV. Rt kinh nghim:

Tun : 13 Tit : 26

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Gio n ho hoc9 Ngy son : Bi 20:HP KIM: ST, GANG, THPNgy dy

I . Mc tiu :* Kin thc:-Gang l g ? Thp l g ? Tnh cht v ng dng ca gang v thp.-Nguyn tc ,nguyn liu v qu trnh sn xut gang trong l cao-Nguyn tc ,nguyn liu v qu trnh sn xut thp trong l luyn thp* K nngHnh thnh k nng phn tch.*Thi : HS:.C hng th say m vi hc tpII. Chun b Gio vin: 1 s mu vt bng gang ,thp . s l cao . s l luyn thp

Hc sinh:n tp cc kin thc hcIII.Tin trnh bi dy

1.n nh lp: Kim tra s s2.Kim tra bi c: : Trnh by tnh cht ha hc ca Fe? vit PTHH?.

3.Bi mi : Trong i sng v k thut, hp kim ca st l gang ,thp c s dng rt rng ri no l gang ,thp ? gang thp c sn xut nh th no ?

Phng php Ni dungI.Hot ng1: Gip hs tm hiu hp kim ca stGV:Cho HS tm hiu thng tin SGK Hp kim lg?(Hp kim l cht rn thu c sau khi lm ngui hnhp nng chy ca nhiu kim loi khc nhau hoc cakim loi v phi kim ) Nhm hc sinh tho lun. So snh s khc nhau giagang, thp. Khi nimv phnloi?1. Gang l g?( Gang l hp kim ca st vi cacbon trong hmlng cacbon chim t 2 n 5 % trong gang cn 1 snguyn t khc nh Si,Mn,S)GV: Trong gia nh em c nhng dng g bnggang?GV: Cho hs quan st tranh dng bng gang- C my loi gangGV: Gang en lm ng nc b my .. gang trngdng iu che thep.2 Thp l g?Thp l Thp l hp kim ca st vi cacbon v 1 snguyn t khc trong hm lng cacbon chimdi 2% )GV: Thp c tnh no m st khng c ?GV: Gang khc thp nh th no?II.Hot ng2:Tm hiu sn xut1. Sn xut gang thp th no?- Nguyn liu sn xut gang l g ?- Nguyn tc sn xut gang ?- Qu trnh sn xut nh th n- Qung stmanhetit(Fe3O4).- Qung hematit (Fe2O3)

- Than cc, khng kh- Nguyn tc sn xut: Dng cacbon oxit kh stoxit nhit cao trong l luyn kim

I. Hp kim ca stHp kim l cht rn thu c sau khi lmngui hn hp nng chy ca nhiu kimloi khc nhau hoc ca kim loi v phikim

1. Gang l g?Gang l hp kim ca st vi cacbon trong hm lng cacbon chim t 2 n 5 %trong gang cn 1 s nguyn t khc nhSi,Mn,S

2 Thp l g?Thp l hp kim ca st vi cacbon v 1 snguyn t khc trong hm lng cacbonchim di 2%

II.Hot ng2:Tm hiu sn xut1. Sn xut gang thp th no?- Nguyn liu :- Qung st manhetit(Fe3O4).- Qung hematit (Fe2O3)- Than cc, khng kh- Nguyn tc sn xut: Dng cacbon oxitkh st oxit nhit cao trong l luynkim- Qu trnh sn xut Cc PTHH xy ra trong l caoC + O2 CO2

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Gio n ho hoc9 - Qu trnh sn xut Cc PTHH xy ra trong l caoC + O2 CO2 C + CO2 COKh CO kh oxit st trong qung thnh stCO + Fe2O3 CO2 + Fe

GV: Gii thch qu trnh sn xut gang .2. Sn xut thp nh th no?- Nguyn liu sn xut thp l g ?- Nguyn tc sn xut ?GV: Gii thch qu trnh sn xut thp.- Nguyn liu: gang v st ph liu, oxi- Nguyn tc sn xut : oxi ha 1 s kim loi phi kim loi ra khi gang phn ln cacbon ,silic- Qu trnh sn xut + Kh oxi oxi ha st to thnh FeO+ Sau FeO s oxi ha 1 s nguyn liu trong gang

nh C,Si,SFeO + C Fe + CO

C + CO2 COKh CO kh oxit st trong qung thnh stCO + Fe2O3 CO2 + Fe

2.Sn xut thp nh th no? - Nguyn liu: gang v st ph liu, oxi

- Nguyn tc sn xut : oxi ha 1 s kimloi phi kim loi ra khi gang phn lncacbon ,silic- Qu trnh sn xut + Kh oxi oxi ha st to thnh FeO+ Sau FeO s oxi ha 1 s nguyn liutrong gang nh C,Si,SFeO + C Fe + CO

4..Cng c: - Th no l hp kim ? gang, thp l g? Nguyn tc sn xut gang ,thp?5.Dn d-HS Lm bi tp cn li sgk.-c trc bi 21 Tr li cu hi: Th no l s n mn kim loi ? .Bin php bo v kim loi k

mn?IV. Rt kinh nghim:

Tun : 14 Tit : 27Ngy son : Bi 21:

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Duyt ca chuyn mn

- Hnh thc:- Noi dung:- So lng:- e ngh:

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Gio n ho hoc9 Ngy dy

I . Mc tiu :* Kin thc:HS bit khi nim v s n mn kim loi

- Nguyn nhn lm kim loi b n mn- Cc yu t nh hng n s n mn- Bin php bo v vt bng kim loi khi s n mn

* K nngHnh thnh k nng phn tch.*Thi : HS:.C hng th say m vi hc tpII. Chun b Gio vin: 1 s mu vt bng gang ,thp Mt s dng b g st. s 2.9 sgk/65


1.n nh lp: Kim tra s s2.Kim tra bi c: : Th no l hp kim ?Nguyn liu ,nguyn tc sn xut gang, vit PTHH?

3.Bi mi : Bi 21: Su7AN MON KIM LOAIVA BAO VE KIM LOAI KHONG B AN MO

Phng php Ni dung

I.Hot ng1Tm hiu th no l s n mn kim loiGV: Cho hs quan st 1 vt bng st b gGV: Yu cu hs tho lun s n mn kim loi l g?HS :Cc nhm pht biu, nhm khc nhn xt, b xungKt lunS ph hy kim loi hp kim do tc dng ha hc trong mitrng c gi l s n mn kim loiGV: Gii thch nguyn nhn ca s n mn kim loi II.Hot ng2: Nhng yeu to nao anh hng en s an mon kim loai1. Anh hng cua cac chat trong moi trng HS tm hiu nhng yu t no nh hng n s n mn kimloiGV: Yu cu hs quan st th nghim m HS chun b trc 1 tun- Quan st hin tng- T cc hin tng trn cc em hy rt ra kt lun g?S nmn kim loi khng xy ra hoc xy ra nhanh hay chm phthuc vo thnh phn ca mi trng m n tip xc2. Anh hng cua nhiet o GV: Cho hc sinh so snh: tm st chn gi trong bp thanvi thanh st ni kh ro, thong mt th thanh kim loino b n mn nhanh hn? ra kt lun nhit cao s n mn kim loi xy ra nhanIII.Hot ng3:Lam the nao e bao ve cac o vat bang kim loai khong b an monGV: GV: Yu cu hs tho lun :lm th no vt bng kimloi khng b n mn?Cc bin php bo v kim loi ?HS :Cc nhm pht biu, nhm khc nhn xt, b xungKt lunCc bin php bo v kim loi

-Ngn khng cho kim loi tip xc vi mi trng-Ch to hp kim t b n mn th d cho thm vo thp 1 skim loi nh crom,niken

I. The nao la s an monkim loai: S ph hy kim loihp kim do tc dng ha hctrong mi trng c gi l sn mn kim loiII, Nhng yeu to nao anhhng en s an mon kimloai

1. Anh hng cua cac chat trong moi trng

S n mn kim loi khng xy rahoc xy ra nhanh hay chm phthuc vo thnh phn ca mitrng m n tip xc

2. Anh hng cua nhiet o nhit cao s n mn kimloi xy ra nhanh hn

III. Lam the nao e bao vecac o vat bang kim loaikhong b an mon

-Ngn khng cho kim loi tipxc vi mi trng-Ch to hp kim t b n mn thd cho thm vo thp 1 s kimloi nh crom,niken

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Gio n ho hoc9 4..Cng c: Th no l s n mn kim loi ? Cc bin php bo v kim loi ?5.Dn d-HS Lm bi tp cn li sgk.-c trc bi 22 Tr li cu hi: kim loi ? .IV. Rt kinh nghim:

Tun : 14 Tit : 28Ngy son : Bi 22:Ngy dy

I . Mc tiu :

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Gio n ho hoc9 * Kin thc: HS n tp h thng li :Dy hot ng ha hc ca kim loiTnh cht ha hc ca kim loi ni c-Tnh cht ging nhau v khc nhau gia kl nhm v st Thnh phn, tnh cht v sn xut gang, th-Sn xut nh bng cch in phn hn hp nng chy ca nhm n criolitS n mn kim loi l Bin php bo v kim loi khi s n mn.* K nngHnh thnh k nng phn tch.*Thi : HS:.C hng th say m vi hc tpII. Chun b Gio vin: dng: Phiu hc tp, bng ph.


1.n nh lp: Kim tra s s2.Kim tra bi c: : Th no l s n mn kim loi v bo v kim loi ?

3.Bi mi : CHNG II: KIM LOA

LUYN TP:

Phng phap Noi dungI. Hoat ong I: HS tm hi u kin thc cn nh 1/ Tnh cht ho hc ca kim loi?Hy vit dy hot ng ha hc ca kim loiHS: K Na Mg Al Zn Fe Pb H Cu Ag Au? Nu ngha ca dy hot ng ha hc? Vit v d PTHH khi cho kim loi tc dng vi phi kim?Vit PTHH khi cho kim loi tc dng vi nc? Vit PTHH khi cho kim loi tc dng vi dd axit? Vit PTHH khi cho kim loi tc dng vi dd mui2/ 2/Tnhcht ha hc ca kim loi nhm v st c g ging v khc

nhau? Cho c bit nhm v st c tnh cht ha hc no gingnhaua)Ging nhau:-Nhm ,st c nhng tnh cht hh ca kim loi-Nhm ,st u khng phn ng vi HNO3 v H2SO4 cngui b) Khc nhau:-Al phn ng vi kim-Trong hp cht Al (III). Cn Fe(II,III)3/ Hp kim ca stGV: Hy nu thnh phn tnh cht ca gang v thpGV: S n mn kim loi l g4/ S n mn kim loi v bo v kim loi khng b n mnII. Hoat ong II : Bai tap

1.Bi 4/69GV: Gi 1 hs ln lm bi tp ny

2.Bi 5/69

I. Kien thc can nh1/ Tnh cht ho hc ca kim loi-Dy hot ng ho hc:K Na Mg Al Zn Fe Pb H Cu Ag Au-VD:-PTHH:2/ Tnh cht ha hc ca kim loi nhmv st c g ging v khc nhaua )Ging nhau:-Nhm ,st c nhng tnh cht hh ca

kim loi-Nhm ,st u khng phn ng viHNO3 v H2SO4 c ngui b) Khc nhau:-Al phn ng vi kim-Trong hp cht Al (III). Cn Fe(II,III)3/ Hp kim ca stsgk/684/ S n mn kim loi v bo v kimloi khng b n mn.(sgk)

II. Bai tap

1.Bi 4/69a/AlAl2O3AlCl3 Al(OH)3 Al2O3 Al AlCl3

b/FeFeSO4Fe(OH)2FeCl2

c/ FeCl3

Fe(OH)3

Fe2O3

Fe

Fe3O4 2.Bi 5/69

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Gio n ho hoc9 GV :Hng dn hs lm bi tp 5/69-Tnh s mol ca A- Tnh s mol mui

3.Bi 7/69GV: Hng dn hs lm bi tp 7/69GV: Yu cu hs vit PTHHGV: Hy tnh khi lng ca nhm v st trong hn hp GV:Gip hs lp h pt tm s mol Al,FeGV: Hng dn hs tnh % mi nguyn t trong hn hp

2A+ Cl2 2ACl2mol 2 mol

mol A

2,9

mol A 5,35

4,23+

Vy ta c

5,354,23.22,9.2

+=

A A9,2(A+35,5)=23,4.AA= 23Vy A l Na3.Bi 7/69a/2Al+3H2SO4Al2(SO4)3+3H2Fe+H2SO4FeSO4+H2 b/ Gi x,y l s` mol ca Al,FeDa vo PTHH v bi ta c27x+56y=0,831,5x+y = 0,025Gii ra ta c`x = 0,01moly= 0,01 molKhi lng ca Fem Fe= n.M = 0,01.56=0,56 gThnh phn phn trm ca Fe

% Fe = %47,67%100.83,056,0 =

%Al = 100% - 67,47% =32,53%1. Cung co

- Nhc li mt s tnh cht ha hc ca kim loi2. Dan do

- Chun b thc hnhII. Rut kinh nghiem

Tun: 15 Tit: 29 BAI THC HANH: Ngy son: TNH CHAT HOA HOC CUA NHOM VA SAT Ngy dy:

I. Muc tieu- Khc su kin thc ha hc ca nhm v st- Tip tc rn luyn cho hs kh nng lm thc hnh ha hc, kh nng lm BT thc hha hc- Rn luyn cho hs thc cn thn, kin tr trong hc tp v thc hnh ha hc .

II. Chuan b- Dng c : n cn, ng nghim, gi ng nghim, Khay nha, dim, a thy tinh

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Gio n ho hoc9

- Ha cht ; Bt nhm ,bt S , bt st, dd NaOHIII. Tien trnh len lp

1. On nh to chc2. Kiem tra bai cu

- Thng qua3. Bai mi

Phng phap Noi dungI. Hoat ong I: Tin hnh th nghim1.TN 1: Tc dng ca nhm vi oxiGV: Hng dn hs lm TN 1Rc nh bt nhm trn ngn la n cn Quan st hin tng Vit phng trnh?2.TN 2:HS lm th nghim ca st vi luhunhGV: Hng dn hs lm th nghim 2

- Ly bt st v bt lu hunh theo t l 7:4 vkhi lng vo hm s- t nan hoa xe p trn ngn la n cna vo hn hp3.TN 3:HS lm th nghim nhn bit mi kimloi Al ,Fe va Ag ng trong 3 l khng nhnGV: Hng dn HS Lay 1 t bot kim loai Al,Fe vao 3 ong nghiem 1 , 2 va 3 .Nho 1 mldd NaOH vao tng ong nghiem-Neu thay sui bot th kim loai o la Al2Al +2NaOH +2H2O 2NaAl O2 +3H2-Hai lo khong sui bot la: Fe, Ag.*Cho 2 kim loai con lai vao dd HCl-Neu lo nao sui bot la FeFe +2HCl FeCl2 +H2 Neu khong co hien tng g la Ag

II.Hoat ong 2: Vit bn tng theo mu

I. Tien hanh th nghiem1.TN 1:Tc dng ca nhm vi oxi

4Al(r) + 3O2(k) 2 Al2O3(r)

2.TN 2: Tc dng cast vi lu hunh

Fe(r) + S(r) FeS(r)

3.TN 3: Nhn bit mi kim loi Al ,Fe Ag ng trong 2 l khng nhn

*Lay 1 t bot kim loai Al, Fe vao 3 ongnghiem 1 , 2 va 3 .Nho 1 ml dd NaOH vaotng ong nghiem-Neu thay sui bot th kim loai o la Al2Al +2NaOH +2H2O 2NaAl O2 +3H2-Hai lo khong sui bot la: Fe, Ag.*Cho 2 kim loai con lai vao dd HCl-Neu lo nao sui bot la FeFe +2HCl FeCl2 +H2 Neu khong co hien tng g la Ag

II. Viet ban thc hanh theo mau

4. Cung co-

Nhan xet buoi thc hanh:- GV yu cu hs ra dng thc hnh5. Dan do

- Xem trc bi tnh cht c

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GA HOA HOC 9