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Profesorka: Nadežda Stojkovid
Mail: [email protected]
Konsultacije: cetvrtak 11h-13h
Ocene na pismenom: samo 10
Na ispitu:
Pasus
Proces instrukcije
Esej
Domadi ocena vise.
Knjige:
Oxford English for Information Technology
Written and Spoken Communications in English for Science and Technology
Datum: 14.10.2011.
Types of Communications (from high to low)
Scientific
Science
Technical
Paragraph:
The basic structural unit of both written and spoken formats.
1. Topic sentence (defining sentence)
2. Supporting sentence
3. Closing sentence
A = B + specific characteristics
A belong to a group. Present Simple Tense
The concept + general classification + its specific characteristics.
Example: A motor is a device that transforms electrical into mehanical energy.
The concept in question: a motor,
General class: a device,
Specific characteristics: it transforms electrical into mehanical energy.
II - Supporting sentence
Constituent parts / functions of the device / item in the definition / facts / details / example of the
defining sentence.
A computer is a device which operates with logical operations. It consists of a hardware and software.
Hardware (does this...).
III – Closing sentence
Therefore, computers are widely used.
Defining phrases:
Is/are, can be define as, can be called as, can be termed as, ... known as, ... referred to as, ...used to,
have, exhibit, display, show the capacity to, the property of
Classifying can be made in one of these two ways.
Classify into Type of
Devide into Category of
Categorise into Group of
Group into Class of
Kind of
Example of
PRACTICE:
1. A computer consists of hardware and software.
2. Peripherals include three types: input, output and storage devices.
3. A word processing program is type of software which lets the user to create and edit text.
4. There are two types of network architecture: peer-to-peer and client server.
Match the GPS applications (1-6) to the descriptions (a-f)
(Answers: 1c, 2b, 3d, 4f, 5a, 6e)
1. Topographical surveying a. Navigation and safety at sea
2. Geographical exploration b. Setting out positions and levels of new structures.
3. Civil engineering c. Mapping surface features
4. Avionics equipment d. Applications in minning and oil industry
5. Maritime applications e. Highway navigation and vehicle tracking
6. GPS in cars and trucks f. Air traffic control, navigations and autopilot systems.
Relative pronauns
Who, that, whose – for people
Which, that, whose – for everything else
Where, whenm in which
Complete the definitions with correct relative pronaun
Mobile TV broadcasting is a system that lets you watch TV on a PDA or mobile phone.
A computer geek is somepne who is an enthusiastic user of computers, sometimes to an
obsessive degree.
The Recycle Bin is the folder in which deleted files are stored until you decide to delete them
completely.
Digital Terrertrial TV is a technology that allows you to receive more channels and a better
picture through a conventional aerial instead of a satellite dish.
Complete with a clossing expression: there are two types of,..., ... are made up of, is compodes of, there
are four main classes of..., ...is a type of.
Therefore microchips (1) microprocessors, used as CPUs in pomputers, (2) memory chips used
to store data, (3) digit signal processors, used in mobiles and digital TVs and (4) application –
speciffic integrated circuits used in cars and appliances.
In the future, people may have biochips inserted under their skin. Biochips are made up of two
components a small chip, called atransponder, and a scanner.
A network is composed of two or more computers connected together to share information and
resources.
There are two types of network architecture: peer-to-peer, where all PCs have the same
capabilities and client-server (e.g. the Internet) where servers store and distribute date and
clients access this data.
Bluetooth is type of wireless technology for transferring data between devices.
A typical computer-paragraph
A computer is an electronic machine that accepts, processes, stores and outputs informations. A typical
computer consists of two parts: hardware and software. Hardware is any electronic or mehanical part of
the computer system that you can see or touch. Software is a set of instructions, called a program,
which tells a computer what to do. At the back of the computer there are parts into which we can plug
exteral devices (e.g. a scanner, a modem, ets). They allow communications between the computer and
the devices.
21.10.2011. Engleski jezik II
DEFINE RELATIVE CLAUSES
1. That’s the computer which i’d like to buy.
2. Core2Duo is a new Intel processor which consists about 200 million transistors.
3. A webmaster is a person who designs, develops and maintains a website.
4. A bus is an electronis pathway that carries signals between computer devices.
5. Here’s the DVD that you lent me.
6. Last night I met someone who works for GM as a software engineer.
Relative pronauns for defining: Complete these definition using who, which, that, where, when.
1. A satellite phone is a kind of phone...
2. A peoplysicist is a scientist...
3. CAT5 cabling is kind of wire...
4. A telecommunications Manager is someone...
5. An internet cafe is a place...
SCIENTIFIC PRESENTATIONS
Building an Argument
I. Paragraph: introduction. Define your position. State ypur main (2) argument. (State the posible
contra argument). Sum up.
II. Elaborate your 1st argument.
III. Elaborate your 2nd argument.
IV. (Explane the contra argument)
V. Conslusion – Restatement.
Second Paragrapf: development, explanation of your first argument from the intro paragraph. Always
the usual paragraph structure, like in the intro.
Third Paragraph: ....
USUAL PHRASES FOR SIGNPOSTING
Introduction: major, most important, most relevant, crucial, first, second, one, another, ...
Supporting paragraphs: first, in adition, related to, furthermore, also, ...
Contrast: yet, however, it must be admited, on the other side, ...
Conclusion: in conclusion, to sum up, as illustrated above, ...
To add arguments: in addition... furthermore...
To introduce opposing ideas: on the one hand ... on the other... some people say... other say...
To explane opinions: in my opinion ... I belive that ... It seems to me that ... It’s clear that ...
PRIMER
What are the advantages and/or disadvantages of social networks on the Internet?
Today’s social networks available on the Internet offer many advantages. Among them, the
most prominent one is the fact that through them people can make connections with friends they
already have, and also make some new ones. The other big advantage is in media and informations
sharing. However, there are sustainable arguments saying that those networks take people further apart
from each other. In wath follows are the elaborations on the justification of the opinion that social
networks have more advantages then disadvantages.
Social networks are virtual places where people can meet both old and new friends. Thus they
can communicate, talk about their lives, their experiences. In that way, you can talk your friends what
you did last semester, where you spent your holiday, or whom you met last night. Furthermore, you
needn’t be physically close to those other persons which is a huge advantage both in cases where you
live next door or continent apart, and you can both even drink coffee at the same time! Next big
advantages issue is that your time is at your disposal, so communication can take part at literally any
time of the day or night, and for as long as both of the participants want it. In addition to this by
absorving behaviour of the others you can easily find people similary to you and yet and keep in touch
with them.
Social secondly, those networks are not limited to just sharing words and having conversations,
but they let us share photos, videos, music, etc. On the other side, people often forget to live their own
lives and spent too much time at their computers. For example, people sit in their houses, don’t eat
well, miss their meals, have a better possibility of getting some rare diseases. As a result, people can get
addicted to social networks.
Talking all of the above in accessment, it is obvious that the advantages of using social networks
largely prevail over the possible downsides. The possibility of meeting friends is never to be ignored.
Also, sharing relevant and new ingormations is hugely useful. And although, it can in some cases make
people distant thicic solely due to people themselves, not to the networks. So, all things considered,
social networks are the very next generation of communications.
Dana 28.10.2011. nemamo engleski
04.11.2011.
Linking words
Addition and contrast
1. Although/But I like this company; I probably won’t work here long.
2. In spite of/although their shares are rising, their future is still uncertain.
3. Kate gave a good presentation, although/despite having very little time to prepare.
4. This year our earnings are close to $8m, while/still last year they were just $6m.
5. Whereas/In spite of these candidates all have an MBA, these other ones don’t.
6. I read the book you suggested. I didn’t enjoy it, although/though.
7. I didn’t have much time, but/whereas I managed to visit the whole site.
8. Nowadays we have very few strikes, but/whereas ten years ago we had a lot.
9. We weren’t sure whether to go ahead with the launch, but we did it still/anyway.
10. Although/In spite of the delay, we still arrived on time.
11. I didn’t manage to close the deal, although/whereas I really tried.
12. Although/whereas their share price is falling at the moment, the company is still a good long-
term investment.
Reason, result, purpose
1. We’re not in this business just to make/for to make short-term profit.
2. I’ll explain in more detail so/that our objectives are clear.
3. I wrote the date in my diary so that/too I wouldn’t forget the meeting this morning.
4. He resigned in order to/for spends more time with his family.
5. Jack came to me in order to/for advice.
6. We’ll agree to your offer so that we can/could close the deal.
7. We agreed to their offer so that we can/could close the deal.
8. She rechecked the figures so that the auditors won’t/wouldn’t find any errors when they came.
9. I’ll recheck the figures so the auditors won’t/wouldn’t find any errors when they came.
10. Many visitors come here to see/for to see our automated production line.
Homework: page 16 ‘Cache Memory’, page 17 ‘How a Disk Cache Works’: reading, translation.
[Don’t need to be send].
Emphasizing the Importance of Precautions
Complete the sentences by underlining the phrases that give the strongest emphasis:
- Restricted areas are places where a serious danger is present. So it’s essential that these should
be kept locked at all times/all the time.
- Under no circumstances should anyone/Nobody should under any circumstances be able to
access them…
- … It’s important that permits are issued each time/every single time someone enters…
- And it’s crucial that there’s just one/just a single key to each restricted area.
- Then, while they’re working, it’s vital/it’s advisable that they keep the key on them…
Rewrite the following precautions using: at all times, every
single, it’s crucial, it’s essential, it’s vital, under no
circumstances.
[Homework: don’t need to be send]
- The fire exit should always be kept clear.
- It’s important that the circuit is isolated.
- You should reset the alarm routinely when you start the system.
- Its good idea to check that cable is not damaged.
- It’s recommended that you should only store non-restricted information on this computer.
- Nobody should use this password without permission.
- Before pressuring the system, make sure all the connections are tight.
The language of Guarantees
Match the formal phrases in 1-10 with the explanations in a-j:
1. faulty workmanship
2. the date of purchase
3. undertake to exchange
4. taking further actions
5. consequential
6. in the event that
7. free of charge
8. statutory
9. to attend to
10. making a claim
a) error in manufacture
b) legal
c) following/as a result of
d) to deal with
e) at no cost
f) doing something else
g) when you bought the item
h) demanding money or replacement
i) if it happens
j) promise to replace
Answers: 1-a; 2-g; 3-j; 4-f; 5-c; 6-I; 7-e; 8-b; 9-d; 10-h
Guarantee
[Homework: don’t need to be send]
This instrument is guaranteed for twelve months from __ by the original owner against failure due to __
or component breakdown, subject to the procedure stated below. Should any component or part fail
during the guarantee period it will be repaired or replaced __?
The guarantee does not cover:
1. the damage resulting from incorrect use,
2. __ damage,
3. Receivers with removed or defaced serial numbers.
Procedure: any claim under this guarantee should be made through the dealer from whom the
instrument was purchased. It is likely that your dealer will be able __ any defect quickly and efficiently,
but should it be necessary the dealer will return the instrument to the company’s service department
for the attention. __ it is not possible to return the instrument to the dealer from whom is was
purchased, please contact Radio service department at the address below before __.
These statements do not affect the __ rights of a consumer.
11.11.2011.
INSTRUCTIONS
Instructions are step-by-step explanations of how to perform a process or how to do something.
They have some usual aspect of style:
- Numbered steps/bullet form
- Impestive mood
- (do not, be ware, mind)
- Graphics illustrations
- Use of time seqvence words: forst, second, ... , then, after than, finally, in the end.
Procedure consist of tasks (independent group of activities). Tasks consist of steps.
Example of grouping of tasks:
- Unpacking and set up task
- Installing
- Basic operating
- Maintenance
- Troubleshooting
- ...
OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS
These are the instructions how to manage electrical mixer:
- First, unpack the micer
- Second, choose the set of wires
- Connect the cable
- Plug the cable into the socket
WARNING: Do not mix frozen food
Uvek pisi kao faze
Str 15
- First, release the two catches underneath and lift up to remove panel
- Then shut down your computer by choosing Shut Down from the menu
- ....
Write a description of the operation of the epos fill in the passive voice sequentully
1. The checkout operator scans the item
2. The scanner reads the barcode
3. The scanner converts the barcode into electrical pulses
4. The scanner sends the pulses to the branch computer
5. The branch computer works the sale of the product
6. The branch computer s....
7. The branch computer sends the price and descriptions of the product to the epus fill.
8. The fill shows the item and price
9. The fill prints the item and proce on the paper preceipt
INSTRUCTIONS
- First, second – them
- Imperative
Process deseritim
- First ... after
- Achive / passive sentence
- Flow chart
INVERZIJA
- Never have I have been there
o Did I go There
- Not once were we in that form
18.11.2011.
Past exams essay:
The Effects of Contemporary Communication Systems on Private and Social Life
The Advantages of Modern Technologies
The effects of Technological Dependence Today
Renewable Sources of Electrical Energy Production – Advantages and/or Disadvantages
The Prevalence of Advantages/Disadvantages of Studying Electronics at This Faculty
The Advantages and Disadvantages of being an Electronic Engineer Today
Do New Ways of Internet Communication Influence the Quality of Interpersonal Communication?
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Studying at the Faculty of Electronic Engineering in Niš
The advantages and/or disadvantages of using a licenced and/or pirated operating system?
What are the Good/Bad Sides of Being a Student of Electrical Engineering?
Homework: Process with flow chart
Comparing and Contrasting
Both, like, whereas, unlike, but, however, on one side, on the other side, while …
Both, Mac OS X and Linux are Unix-based systems.
While Mac OS X has features like memory-protection Linux has variety of distribution kits available.
While Mac OS X’s graphics engine is Quartz Linux’ is XFree86.
Mac OS X use GUI unlike Linux witch use command line and GUI.
On one side Mac OS X source code is not available; on the other side Linux source code is freely
available.
The Operating System
Homework: page 38, 39 – exercise 4, 5, 6
1. Complete with: application software, operating system, software, system software
The set of program instructions that tell the computer what to do is known as software. It can be
classified into two basic categories: the system software, which includes all the programs that control
the basic functions of a computer (e.g. operating systems, programming software, device drivers and
utilities); the application software which comprises programs that let you do specific tasks. Typical
applications include word processing, databases, educational programs, email and video games. The
operating system is a set of programs that control the hardware and software resources of a computer
system.
Articles: a, an, the, or nothing
Linux is an operating system and it was initially created as a hobby by a young student, Linus Torvalds.
Version 1.0 of the Linux Kernel was released in 1994. The Kernel, at the heart of all Linux systems, is
developed and its source code is freely available to everyone.
Apart from the fact that it’s freely distributed, _/_ Linux’s functionality, adaptability and robustness has
made it the main alternative for proprietary Unix and Microsoft operating systems. More than a decade
after its initial release, Linux is being adopted worldwide, primarily as a server platform. This operating
system can also be incorporated directly into _/_ microchips in a process called _/_ embedding.
Note: [SRB] Na početku priče, ako je reč u jednini stavlja se član a, ako je u množini ne stavlja se član.
Comparing Adjectives
- The Dressing Room organisation’s IT is the smallest (small) company of all.
- The Dressing Room is probably easier (easy) to manage than the other organizations.
- Maxland’s website is probably bigger (big) than any of the others.
- Maxland’s employees are probably not as/that/much computer-literate (not/computer-literate)
as the staff at G-soft.
- Of the four organizations, G-soft probably has the best (good) in-house IT specialists.
- G-soft’s web presence is probably not as extensive (not/extensive) as Maxland’s.
- At Olympus Z, security is as important as (important) it is at G-soft.
- In fact, at Olympus Z, security is probably the most critical (critical) issue.
Homework: page 61 (read), page 62(read), page 64 (exercise 9), page 66,67 (read), page 36,37,38 2nd
part(read, translate)
Process description
1. Intro: This is a description of...
2. Stages
- Use sequencing words: first, second... firstly, then, after, finaly
- (Passive)
- Flow chart
(send only this)
DANA 25.11 i 2.12. necemo imati predavanja iz engleskog
9.12.2011.
