ef nXw ae-bmf wIhn-{X-b-̄ nsâ Ic-em-f-\-̄ n hfÀ¶-XmWv \½psS `mj. ae-bm-fs¯ aän-X-c-

`m-j-I-fn \n¶v hyXy-kvX-am¡n X\-Xmb Hcp ssien {]Zm\w sNbvXXv Imhy-§-fm-Wv. DuXn-¡m-̈ nb s]m¶p-t]mse AXv ]cn-e-kn¨p XpS-§nb Imew sXm«v B[p-\n-Ihpw AXy-́ m-[p-\n-Ihpw Fs¶ms¡ hnti-jn-̧ n¨v C¶v \mwXs¶ AXns\ CÃm-Xm-¡p-I-bmtWm F¶v "`mj ]Tn-̈ n-«pÅ' NneÀs¡-¦nepw CXn-t\m-SIw tXm¶n-¡m-Wmw.ImcWw, ]­p-sXm«v C¶p-h-sc-bpÅ `mjm-N-cn{Xw \ap¡p ap³]n D­v F¶-Xp-X-s¶. ae-bm-f-̄ nse "BZy-t\m-hÂ' F¶p hnti-jn-̧ n-¡p¶ {ioam³ A¸p s\Sp-§m-Sn-bpsS Ipµ-e-Xbpw Ncn-{Xm-Jym-bn-I-IÄ cNn¨v `mj izmkw hnSmsX ISp-I-«n-bn ]d-bm³ ]Tn-̧ n¨ "tIc-f-kvtIm«v' F¶v \mw Hma-\-t¸-cn«p hnfn-¡p¶ kn.-hn. cma³]n-Åbpw"D -̄cm-[p-\n-I-`mj' ssIImcyw sN¿p¶ Cfw Xe-ap-d-bnse Fgp-̄ p-Imcpw \ap¡pap¼n tNmZy-i-c-§-fmbn \n¡p-¶p. tIc-f-hÀ½ henbtImbn-̄ -¼p-cm³, F.-BÀ.cmP-cm-P-hÀ½, sI.-kn. tIi-h-]nÅ F¶n-hÀ B[p-\n-I-X-bpsS ]Sn-hm-Xn-en \n¶ae-bm-f-̄ nse t{ijvT-cmb Ihn-Ifpw ]Þn-X-cp-am-bn-cp-¶p. "B[p-\nI Ihn-{X-b'-§-fmb Bim³, DÅqÀ, hÅ-t¯mÄ F¶n-hÀ¡v hgn-sbm-cp-¡n-bXpw Bims\ "hn¹-h-¯nsâ ip{I-\-£{X' am¡n-b-Xp-saÃmw Ch-cm-bn-cp-¶p. ]n¶oSv hf-sc-¡-gn-ªmWv]mÝmXy k¼À¡w-aqew sNdp-I-Ybpw t\mh-ep-saÃmw \ap-¡-\p-`-h-th-Zy-am-b-Xv. F¦nepw"A¶s¯ B[p-\nI kmlnXyw' FÃm-hÀ¡pw kp{Km-lyhpw Bkzm-Zy-P-\-I-hp-am-bn-cp-¶p. amdn hcp¶ Pohn-X-co-Xnbpw Bkzm-Z-\-co-Xn-bp-amhmw C¶s¯ kmln-Xys¯Hcp ]äw Bfp-IÄ¡v am{Xw Bkz-Zn-̈ m-\-µn-¡m³ X¡-h-®-am-¡n-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv F¶vthZ-\-tbmsS \mw a\-Ên-em-t¡­n-bncn¡p-¶p. AXp-sIm-­mWv \à `mjsb kvt\ln-¡pI F¶-Xn-ep-]cn "Nne-cpsS `mj Cã-s¸-Sp¶' Hcp kaqlw D­m-Im³ Imc-Ww. ae-bm-f-km-lnXyw IS-ep-t]m-se-bp-Å-Xm-Wv. Gsd Xm­n-sb-̄ p-¶-hÀ¡p am{Xta AXnsâDÅd Is­¯m³ Ign-bp. Bh-iy-ap-Å-hÀ Bh-iy-a-\p-k-cn¨v tXSn Is­¯n Bkz-Zn-¡s« Ft¶ s]mXp-hmbn ]d-bm³ ]äq. shdpw Bkzm-Z-\-a-Ã, sshÚm-\nI kmln-Xy-̄ n-\mWv \mw ChnsS ap³K-W\ \ÂIp-¶Xv F¶-Xp-sIm­v ae-bm-f-̀ mj DÄs¡m-Åp¶ Nne-hsb am{Xw \ap-¡n-hnsS ]T-\-hn-t[-b-am-¡mw.

ae-b mf `mj b pw D] -\ ym-k hpw

`mjbpw D]-\ym-khpw X½n hf-sc-b-[nIw_Ô-ap-­v. ImcWw, \à D]-\ym-k-§Ä P\n-¡p-¶Xv \à {]`m-j-I-cn \n¶m-Wv. kZ-kns\Adnªv {]`m-jWw \S-̄ m³ Ign-hp-Å-hÀ hf-sc-b-[n-I-an -Ã. AXp-sIm-­p-Xs¶ DÅ-h-cpsShm¡p-IÄ \mw teJ-\-cq-]-̄ n B¡m³ {ian-¡pw. Ah ]e kµÀ`-§-fnepw \mw ASn-h-c-bn«p

]d-bp-Ibpw sN¿pw. \à D]-\ym-k-§Ä P\n-¡p-¶Xv A§-s\-bm-Wv.

D]-\ym-k-c-N-\bpw {i²n-t¡­ Imcy-§fpw

D]-\ymkw krãn-¡p-t¼mÄ shdptX Fgp-Xn-b-Xp-sIm-­mtbm? Bbn-Ã. Im¼pÅ D]-\ym-k-§Ä¡v a\p-jys\ Nn´n-̧ n-¡m³ Ign-hp-­m-h-Ww.hm¡p-IÄ¡v Imcn-cp-¼nsâ iàn-bp-­m-h-Ww.

{]`m-jWw sIm­v hniz-hn-Pbw t\Snb Htc-sbmcp ̀ mc-Xo-b³ Bcv?

kzman hnth-Im-\µ³

"am\p-jn-I-amb hmÜn-Xz-¯nsâ AXyp-¶XØm\w' F¶v Ata-cn-¡-¡mÀ hmgv¯n-b-Xm-sc-bm-sW-¶-dn-bmtam?

kzman hnth-Im-\-µs\

kzman hnth-Im-\-µsâ hm¡p-IÄ¡v Ime-L-«-§sf AXn-Po-hn-¡m³ Ign-bp-¶p­v F¶-XnsâsXfn-hmWv ta -̧dª Imcy-§Ä. Hmtcm D]-\ym-k-§fpw C§-s\-bm-bn-cn-¡-Ww. \à Hcp D]-\ym-k-Im-c³ Ahiyw {i²n-t¡­ Nne-hsb HmÀ½-s¸-Sp-¯-s«.1. GXp hnj-b-s¯-̧ -än-bmtWm D]-\ym-k-sa-gp-tX-

­Xv B hnjbw \¶mbn {Kln¨v BhiyambAdnhp k¼m-Zn-¡pI.

2. Adn-hp-Å-h-cp-ambn kwkm-cn-t¨m, ]pkvX-I-§fpw aäpw hmbnt¨m C¯-c-̄ n Adnhpt\Smhp-¶-XmWv.

3. a\-Ên-em-¡nb Imcy-§Ä Xcw Xncn¨v {Ia-s -̧Sp-¯-Ww. Hmtcm {][m-\-Im-cy-§fpw Hmtcm Xe-s¡-«n³ Iogn sIm­p-h-cm³ {i²n-¡-Ww.

4. F{X-t¯mfw henb/sNdnb D]-\ym-k-amWvF¶-Xn-\-\p-k-cn¨v {][m\ "t]mbnâp'Isft{ImUo-Icns¨Sp-¡p-I.

5. D]-\ymkw FhnsS XpS-§-W-sa¶pw FhnsSAh-km-\n-¸n-¡-W-sa¶pw \nÝ-bn-¡p-I.

6. Hmtcm {][m\ JÞn-I-bnepw Bh-iy-sa-¦nÂalm-·m-cpsS hm¡p-Isf D²-cn-¡m³ {i²n-¡p-I.

7. t\À¯ Imcy-§-fn XpS§n sImSp-¦m-ämbnamdWw D]-\ym-kw. D]-{Iaw ({]m-cw -`w){]tXyIw {i²n¨p ssIImcyw sN¿-Ww.

8. ]Z-ip-²n, hmIy-ip-²n, A£-c-ip²n F¶n-h-bn {]tXyIw {i²n-¡-Ww.

9. C\n Fgp-̄ n-tebv¡p IS-¡mhp¶-XmWv.

D]-\ym-k-c-N-\-bn A\p-hÀ¯n-t¡­ {][m\ Imcy-§Ä Ch-bmWv. F¦n-en\n Hcp amXrI t\m¡mw.

hnjbw:

ae-b mf k n\ n-ab pw amdp¶ B k zm-Z-\ hpw

kz]v\-Xp-ey-amb ckm-\p-̀ q-Xn-bn-eqsS a\p-jy-a-\-Êns\ Iog-S-¡p¶ H¶mWv kn\n-a. Ncn-{X-¯nse Gähpw hn¹-h-I-c-amb I­p-]n-Sn-̄ -§-fnÂH¶v kn\n-a-bm-sW-¶-Xn kwi-b-an-Ã. Hcp \mW-b-¯nsâ Ccp-h-i-§Ä t]mse kn\na Ie-bp-amWvI -̈h-S-hp-amWv F¶p ]d-bmw. kn\n-am-cwKw kz]v\-hym-]m-cn-Ifpw kXy-k-Ôcpw \ndª H¶m-Wv.

tIc-fs¯ kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw kn\n-a-IÄ]e taJ-e-I-fnepw hfsc kzm[o\w sNep-̄ p-¶p-­v. kwØm-\-¯n\v Gähpw IqSp-X dh\yp\ÂIp¶ [\m-K-a-amÀ¤-amWv ae-bmf kn\n-a. ]©m-b¯p tdmUp-I-fnse Ipgn- \n-I-¯-W-sa-¦nÂkn\na \¶mbn HmS-Ww. kn\na s]m«n -bmÂIpgnbpw hep-Xm-bn-s¡m-­n-cn¡pw F¶-XmWv Ah-Ø. ImWn-IÄ sImSp-¡p¶ Sn¡äv NmÀPnsâ 48%Xt±-i-kz-bw-̀ -cW Øm]-\-§Ä¡p t]mIp-I-bm-Wv. Z£n-tW-́ y-bnse Gähpw DbÀ¶ hnt\mZ\nIpXn (48.6%) BWv tIc-f-̄ nse Xntb-ä-dp-I-fn \n¶v CuSm-¡p-¶-sX¶v tIcf ̂ nenw FIvkn-_n-j³ s^U-td-j³ shfn-s -̧Sp-̄ p-¶Xv {it²-b-am-Wv.

kn\na Hcp Iem-cq]w F¶ \ne-bn ]cn-K-Wn-¡p-t¼mÄ A`n-am-\n-¡m³ ae-bm-f-¯n\v Ht«sdhI-bp-­v. ae-bmf kn\n-a-bpsS I¶n-¡-\n-bmbn1928 \hw-_-dn Cd-§nb "hnK-X-Ip-am-c³'þ\pw1938-þ Cd-§nb BZy iÐ-Nn-{X-amb "_me³'þDw sXm«v Ct§m«v Nn´n-¨m A´Àt±-iob{]ikvXn ]nSn-̈ p-]-änb "sN½o³' (cm-ap-Im-cym-«v)XpS§n F{Xtbm Nn{X-§Ä ae-bm-f¯nÂD­mbn-«p-­v. ]n. `mkv¡-c³, sI.-F-kv. tkXp-am-[-h³, hn³skâ v F¶o kwhn-[m-b-IcpwtXm¸n `mkn, Fkv.-FÂ. ]pcw XpS-§nb Fgp-¯p-Imcpw hb-emÀ-þ-tZ-h-cm-P³, _m_p-cm-Pv, sI.cmL-h-³, hn. Z£n-Wm-aqÀ¯n, {ioIp-am-c³ X¼n,H.-F³.-hn. XpS-§nb kwKoX {]Xn-̀ -Ifpw ae-bmfkn\n-asb hmt\mfw DbÀ¯n-bn-«p-­v. ]n¶oSv ]n.-F³. tat\m³, ]n.-F. _¡À F¶n-h-cn-eqsS Bcw-`n¨ \h-kn-\n-a-sb-bmWv C¶nt¸mÄ ASqÀ tKm]m-e-Ir-jvW-\pw, jmPn F³. Icp-Wpw, se\n³ cmtP-{µ-\pw, ]n.-Sn. Ipªp-ap-l-½-Zp-saÃmw tNÀ¶v Xm§n-\nÀ¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.

Iem-]-c-ambn Ht«sd ta³a-IÄ Ah-Im-i-s -̧Sm³ ae-bmf kn\n-a-bv¡mIpw F¦nepw Hcp hyh-kmbw F¶ \nebv¡v Ignª Ipsd hÀj-§-fmbn ae-bm-f-kn-\n-a- henb {]Xn-k-Ôn-bnemWvF¶p sXfn-hp-IÄ ImWn-¡p-¶p. kn\na icn¡pwBcptSXmWv? kwhn-[m-b-I-tâtXm Xnc-¡Ym-Ir-¯n-tâtbm \nÀ½m-Xm-hn-tâtbm AtXm P\-¯n-tâtbm? ]e {]mhiyw I­v P\w Xs¶ hnP-bn-

¸n-¡p¶ Nn{X-sa-Sp-¡p¶ Hcp kwhn-[m-b-IsâNn{Xw ASp-̄ -Xn-se-̄ p-t¼mÄ AtX P\w Xnc-kv¡-cn-¡p¶ ImgvN C¶p ]Xn-hm-Wv. Chn-sS-bmWvkwhn-[m-b-I\pw Xnc-¡-Ym-Ir¯pw \nÀ½m-XmhpwX½n CS-bp-¶-Xv. ^e-sa-´mWv? asämcp \Ãkn\na ]nd-¡m³ FSp-¡p¶ Ime-Xm-akw kn\namhyh-km-bs¯ XIÀ¡p-¶p. C¯-c-¯n kwhn-[m-b-I-s\bpw \nÀ½m-Xm-hn-s\bpw i{Xp-¡-fm¡namänb \nc-h[n kn\n-a-IÄ \ap¡p ap³]nÂ"^vtfm v̧' Bbn XoÀ¶n«p­v.

Bam-i-b-]-c-amb Nne "B{Im-´-§Ä' BWvkn\n-asb \in-̧ n-¡p¶ asämcp {]iv\w. kn\n-a-tbmSp ]pe-_Ôw t]mep-an-Ãm-¯-hÀ kn\n-a-sb-Sp-¡p¶ Imgv¨ C¶p kÀÆ-km-[m-c-W-am-bn-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. Irjn-bnepw aäp hyh-km-b-¯nepw ImWn-

¡m¯ Hcp {]tXyI ipjv¡m´n ]e ]W-¡mcpwkn\n-atbmSv ImWn-¡m³ XpS-§n-bXv kn\n-a-bpsS\ne-hm-c-̄ -IÀ¨bv¡p Imc-W-am-b-Xn\p ]n¶nseIY-sbs´¶-dn-bmtam? ]Ww apS-¡n-bm Irjn-sb-t¸mse hmÀjn-I-h-cp-am\tam AÀ²-hmÀjnIhcp-am-\tam {]Xo-£n-̈ n-cn-t¡­; adn¨v ct­maqt¶m amk-¯n-\p-Ån hnh-c-a-dn-bmw, em`-am-bmepw \ã-am-bm-epw. A -̧t¸mÄ IY-am-än, Xnc-¡Y Xncp¯n Nn{X-sa-Sp-¡p¶ C¡q-«À \nÀ½n-¡p¶ Nn{X-§-Ä em`w am{X-amWv e£y-an-Sp-¶-Xv.am{X-aà H¶nÂt]mepw a\p-jy-a-\-Êns\ Nn´n-¸n-¡p¶ H¶p-ap-­m-hnà F¶-XmWv kXyw. X¡m-em-ËmZw P\n-¸n-¡p¶ C¯cw kn\n-a-IÄ "PmXIwicn-bm-sW-¦nÂ' am{Xw hnP-bn¡pw! ImcWw Fw.-Sn. hmkp-tZ-h³ \mbcpw ]ß-cm-P\pw aäpw Znh-k-

k varXn-] -Y-̄ n-eq-sS...

kmK-c-KÀÖ\wtI«-h-cpt­m?

hm¡p -IÄsIm -­pÅ Hcp {]I-S\wXs¶-bmWv {]`m-j-Ww. temIw I­alm-·m-scÃmw Xs¶hniz hnP-bn-I-fm-bn-¯oÀ¶Xv {]`m-j-W-I-e-bn-epÅ ]mShwsIm­m-Wv. hm¡p-I-fpsS AXp-ey -ambiàn shfn -s¸ -Sp -

¯p¶ H¶mWv {]`m-j-W-I-e. {]`m-j-W-I-e-bpsS aÀ½w I­-dnª Hcp ]Þn-X-\p­v \ap-¡v. kpIp-amÀ Agot¡mSv BWv B alm³.

"kmK-c -KÀÖ\w' F¶v Ago-t¡m-Snsâ{]kw-Ks¯ BZy-ambn hnti-jn-¸n-̈ Xv ssh¡wapl-½Zv _jo-dm-Wv. 1926 s^{_p-hcn 24-þ\v I®q-cn-\-Sp¯v Ago-t¡mSv F¶ Øe¯p P\n¨kpIp-amÀ Ago-t¡mSv anI¨ kmln-Xy-hn-aÀi-I³, Nn´-I³, {]`m-j-I³ F¶o \ne-I-fn -seÃmw {]i-kvX-\m-Wv. Ago-t¡m-Sn\v tI{µ-km-lnXy A¡m-Zan

AhmÀUv t\Sn-s¡m-Sp¯ IrXn (1985): X¯z-a-kn.

"thZn-bnse Pzme' F¶-dn-b-s -̧Sp-¶Xv?kpIp-amÀ Ago-t¡mSv

hfsc arZp-hmb iÐ-¯n IogvØm-bn-bnÂXpS-§n, ]Xp-s¡-¸-Xps¡ kzc-¯n ZrVXssIh-cp¯n iÐ-̄ n hodpw hminbpw ^en-Xhpw k¶n-th-in-¸n¨v C{Xm-as¯ an\n-«n kZ-Ên-s\-s¡m­v I¿-Sn-¸n-¡-W-sa-¶p-t±-in-̈ pthmB an\n-«n Xs¶ I¿-Sn-¸n-¡m³ Ign-hpÅhmÜn-Xzhpw hmNm-e-Xbpw IqSn-t¨À¶ Hcp {]I-S\w \S-̄ m³ Ign-hpÅ hyàn-bmWv kpIp-amÀAgo-t¡m-Sv.

ae-bm-f-̄ nse Gähpw {]kn-²-amb D]-\n-jZv]T\ IrXn-tbXv?

X¯z-akn Ipam-c-\m-imsâ "Nn´m-hn-ã-bmb koX' F¶

IrXnsb B[m-c-am¡n Ago-t¡mSv cNn¨IrXn-bmWv Bimsâ koXm-Imhyw.

"i¦-c-¡p-dp v̧ hnaÀin-¡-s -̧Sp¶p' F¶ IrXncNn-̈ Xv þ kpIp-amÀ Ago-t¡mSv

1989-þÂ Ago-t¡m-Sns\ hb-emÀ AhmÀUn\vAÀl-\m-¡nb IrXn-bmWv "X¯z-a-kn.Ago-t¡m-Snsâ {][m\ IrXn-IÄ: ca-W\pw

ae-bmf Ihn-X-bpw, hmb-\-bpsS kzÀ¤-̄ nÂ, ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xy-hn-aÀi-\w, JÞ-\hpw aWvU-\-hpw, X¯zhpw a\p-jy-\pw, `mc-Xo-b-X, ]pXp]p-jv]-§Ä

§-tfmfw NÀ¨ sNbvXv Xnc-¡-Ybpw Km\hpw Dd-¸n¨v ]qÀ®-amb Xnc-¡Y icn-bm¡n hnP-bn¡pwF¶p-d-¸n¨v Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p¶ t]mepÅ Hcp-d¸vBZyw ]dª \nÀ½m-Xm-¡Ät¡m kwhn-[m-b-IÀt¡m D­m-hnà F¶-Xp-X-s¶.

ae-bmf kn\n-abnse Bkzm-Z-IÀ amdn F¶v\hm-KX kwhn-[m-b-Icpw \nÀ½m-Xm-¡fpw BW-bn«p ]d-bp-t¼mgpw ]gb Nn{X-§-tfmSv ae-bmfnIm«p¶ A`n-\n-th-i-̄ n AXp hniz-kn-¡m³{]bm-k-ap-Å-Xmbn tXm¶p-¶p. ]cn-N-b-¡p-d-hpÅ]pXnb kwhn-[m-b-IÀ ae-bm-f-kn-\n-asb "ASn-s]mf-n'bm¡n amäm³ {ian¡p-t¼mÄ "sNdp-̧ -¡m-cpsS Hcp ¢mkv' am{X-amWv kn\na Bkz-Zn-¡p-¶-h-cn IqSp-X-epw. Ah-cn Xs¶ \sÃmcp hn`mKwBfp-Ifpw ]gb kn\n-a-bpsS Iem-aqeyw Xncn-̈ -dn-bp-¶-h-cp-amWv. Xmc-§tfmSv ]d-ªp-sIm-Sp-¡p¶\à Iem-aq-ey-apÅ IY-bm-hnà ]e-t¸mgpw kn\n-a-bm-Ip-¶-Xv. tUäp In«m-\mbn C§s\ Nne s]mSn-ss¡-IÄ sNbvsX-¦nte Bsf In«q F¶-dn -bmhp¶ s{]mU-£³ cwK-̄ p-Å-hÀ IY, Xnc-¡Y,_Päv F¶n-h-sbms¡ Bkq-{Xn-X-ambn Agn-̈ p-]-Wn-bm³ anSp-¡-cm-Wv. Hcp Imcyw Dd-¸mWv, P\-{]nb kn\na D­m-I-W-sa-¦n \à ]cn-Nbw Bh-iy-am-sW¶v Cu cwKs¯ {]K-ÛÀ km£y-s -̧Sp-¯p-¶p-­v.

FSp-̄ p-]-d-tb­ asäm¶v, Btcm-Ky-]-c-ambaÕcw ae-bm-f-kn-\n-a-bn kPo-h-am-sb-¦nte\½psS kn\n-am-hy-h-kmbw ]pãn-s¸Sq F¶-Xm-Wv. C¶v kn\n-a-tb-¡mÄ Bfp-IÄ tIÄ¡m\pwImWm-\p-an-ã-s -̧Sp-¶Xv AXnse Km\-cw-K-§-fm-Wv.]pXnb Km\-§-f-S-§nb Imk-äp-IÄ¡mWv C¶v{]nbw. ]n. tKmhn-µ-¸n-Å-bpsS IW-¡-\p-k-cn¨vC´y-bn {]Xn-hÀjw icm-icn 800 IYm-Nn-{X-§-fmWv \nÀ½n-¡-s -̧Sp-¶-Xv. CXn 80-þDw ae-bm-f-¯n-em-Wv. P\-kw-Jy-bpsS \mep iX-am-\-apÅtIcfw kn\n-am-cw-K¯v 10 iX-am\w ssIb-S-¡n-bn-cn-¡p¶p F¶Xv Xosc \nkm-c-ambn ImWm³Ign-bn-Ã. Xntb-ä-dp-I-fpsS Imcy-̄ nepw CXp-X-s¶-

? Ac§ptIfn¡p tijw Xnc-Èoe ]nSn- v̈,Ifn-bpsS \nÀhnLv\ ]cn-k-am-]vXn-¡p-th­n \S-¯p¶ Cuiz-c-{]mÀY\ GXpNS-§m-bn-«mWv Adn-b-s -̧Sp-¶Xv?þ tXmSbw

? NXpÀhn[m-`n-\-b-§Ä GsXÃmw?BwKn-Iw, hmNn-Iw, kmXzn-Iw, Blmcyw

bmWv ØnXn. GI-tZiw 14-þmbnc¯n inã-apÅXntb-ä-dp-I-fn 1300 e[nIw Xntb-ä-dp-IÄ tIc-f-¯n-em-Wv.

Ie F¶ \ne-bnepw hyh-kmbw F¶ \ne-bnepw am{X-a-Ã, hnt\m-Z-\n-Ip-Xn-bmbpw Xt±-i-kz-bw-`-cW Øm]-\-§-fpsS {][m\ hcp-am\amÀ¤-ambpw kn\na amdp-t¼mÄ Ne-̈ n-{Xm-kzm-Z-IÀ KWy-ambn Ipd-bm-Xn-cn-¡m³ DÅ _m²yX kn\n-a-sb-Sp-¡p-¶-hÀ Imcy-ambn KWn-t¡-­n-bn-cn-¡p-¶p. \Ãkn\na ImWm\pw a\-Ên-em-¡m-\p-apÅ Ah-k-c-sa¶ \ne-bn temI-\n-e-hm-c-̄ n-epÅ ^nenws^Ìn-h-ep-IÄ tIc-f-̄ n F{Xtbm \S-¡p-¶p-­v. Xntb-ä-dn \n¶v t{]£-Is\ B«n-tbm-Sn-¡p¶kn\n-a-IÄ C\n-bpw D­m-Im-Xn-cn-¡-s«. \à kn\n-a-IÄ D­m-Im³ Nne {]mbm-KnI amÀ¤-§Ä ]d-bmw.

1. ]Ww Is­¯n am{Xw kn\n-a-sb-Sp-¡p-I.

2. Xnc-¡-Ybpw Bkq-{X-Whpw _P-äp-an-ÃmsXkn\na XpS-§-cp-Xv. \nÀ½m-W-L-«-̄ nse ]mfn-¨-IÄ icn-bmbn hne-bn-cp-̄ p-I.

3. Xntb-ä-dn D]-t`m-àm-sh¶ \ne-bn t{]£-I\v Xr]vXn ssIh-cpw-hn[w sa¨-amb kn\na\nÀ½n-¡p-I.

4. kn\nam Bkzm-Z-IÀ¡v aqey-t_m[w D­m-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse Bkzm-Z-\hpw {][m\ ]cn-K-W-\-bm-sb-Sp-¡p-I.

5. GXp "¢mkv'Imsc Dt±-in¨v kn\n-a-sb-Sp-¯mepw Bkzm-Z-\-¯n-\m-h-iy-amb tNcp-h-IÄtNÀ¡p-t¼mgpw kn\na apJy-[m-c-bn Xs¶-bm-bn-cn-¡-Ww.

("ae-bmf kn\na C¶v t\cn-Sp¶ {]Xn-k-Ôn-IÄ'F¶ hnj-b-̄ n\pw Cu D]-\ymkw D]-tbm-Kn-¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv.)

k n\ nam t N mZy-§ Ä BZy ae-bmf Nn{X-amb hnK-X-Ip-am-c³

(1928) \nÀ½n-̈ -Xmcv? . sP.-kn. Um\n-tbÂ

tIc-f-̄ nse BZys¯ kn\nam ÌpUntbmGXv? ....................................DZbm ÌpUntbm

C´y³ {]kn -Uânsâ shÅn-sa-UÂt\Snb BZy ae-bmf Nn{Xw?\oe-¡p-bnÂ

ae-bm-f-̄ nse BZys¯ 70 Fw.-Fw. Ne-¨n{Xw? ................................................ ]S-tbm«w

"apd-s¸®v' F¶ Nn{X-̄ nsâ kwhn-[m-b-I³? .................Fw.-Sn. hmkp-tZ-h³ \mbÀ

ae-bm-f-¯n-em-Zy-ambn Ne-¨n-{X-am-¡-s¸«\mSIw GXv? ...... Xn¡p-dn-Èn-bpsS "kv{Xo'.

ae-bm-f-¯nse BZy hÀ® Nn{Xw?I­w-s_¨ tIm«v

hnhÀ̄ \ w ] Tn¡ mw

Xmsg X¶n-cn-¡p¶ hnhÀ¯\w ]cn -tim-[n-¡pI

After the 1978 series against Pakistan, Indiancricketers had a busy schedule ahead. Returninghome, India played 6 test matches against WestIndies and won the series. Then the Indian teamtoured England after participating in the worldcup. In the 4 tests against England, England wonthe series. Then the Australians came and in 6test matches India won two tests and the restwere in draw. Then came Pakistan. The Indianteam which had improved a lot in recent yearsshocked the top class Pakistan team. India wonBombay and Madras tests and won the series.Sunil Gavaskar who gloriously led the team againstthe Aussies and Pakistan, stepped down from thecaptaincy after the Madras test and Gundappa

hyà n-I sf A dn-bm³

aqeqÀ F k v. ] Zva-\ m̀ ] Wn-¡ À(1869-þ1931)

Imhy-k-]-cybpw kmaq-lnI ]cn-jv¡-c-Whpw H¶n¨p apt¶m«p sIm­p-t]mbn hnPbwhcn¨ {]K-Û\mb hyàn-bmWv aqeqÀ. {io\m-cm-bWKpcp-hnsâ klKm-an-bm-bn-cp-¶p. kmln-Xy¯nse khÀ®-ta-[m-hn -Xz-¯n-s\-XnscDbÀ¶ BZy shÃp-hnfn aqeq-cn-tâ-Xm-bn-cp-¶p.{][m\ IrXn-IÄ: Incm-Xw, Bk-¶-a-cWNn´m-i-X-Iw, IptN-e-i-X-Iw, ]mem-gn-a-Y-\w,sImSnb hnc-lw, Ihn-cm-am-b-Ww.aqeqÀ Xma-kn-̈ n-cp-¶Xv: tIc-f-hÀ½ ku[w(]-¯-\w-Xn« PnÃ)

sI .-k n. tI i -h-] nÅ(1864-þ1914)cmPcm-P-hÀ½ {]Øm-\-̄ nsâ (cq-]-a-Ã, ̀ mh-

amWv Imhy-̄ nsâ Poh³) apJy hàm-hm-bn-cp¶p sI.-kn. tIi-h-]n-Å. sI.-kn.-bpsSapJy-Ir-Xn-bmWv tIi-ho-bw. CXn-hr¯w ̀ mK-hXw Zi-a-kvI-Ô-̄ nse kya-µIw IY-bm-Wv.]cn-an -X-amb hÀ®-\-I-fmWv CXn-ep-Å-Xv.ssien {]km-Zm-ß-I-am-Wv. efn -X -]-Z -hn -\ymkckn-I-amb "sshZÀ`n'-co-Xn-bpsS \r¯-cw-K-as{X tIi-ho-bw.apJy-Ir-Xn-IÄ: cpIvan-Wo-kz-bw-h-cw, {ioIr-jvW-hn-P-bw, hn{I-tamÀÆ-io-bw, kZm-cm-a.

Viswanath was elected the new Captain. The year1980, was the Golden Jubilee year of Indian cricket.

1978þ ]mIn-Øm-\p-am-bpÅ ]c-¼-cbv¡vtijw C´y³ Ifn-¡msc Im¯p-\n-¶Xv Xnc-¡p-]n-Sn¨ {In¡äv Zn\-§-fm-bn-cp-¶p. \m«n Xncn-s¨-¯nb tijw shÌv C³Uo-kp-ambn Bdv sSÌvam¨p-IÄ Ifn¨ C´y ]c-¼c t\Sn. ]ns¶ temI-I-̧ v. AXv Ignªv Cw¥­v ]cy-S\w. \mep sSÌp-IÄ DÄs¸« ]c-¼c Cw¥­v Ic-Ø-am-¡n. \m«nÂBkvt{X-en-b-bp-ambn 6 sSÌv am¨p-IÄ. 2 Ifn-I-fn hnP-bn¨ C´y _m¡n am¨p-I-fn ka-\nehg-§n. Cu Ime-b-f-hn hf-sc-b-[nIw ]ptcm-K-an¨ C´y³ Sow ChnsS h¶ ]mIn-Øm-\nseGähpw \à Ifn -¡m -sc -t¸mepw hnd -¸n -¨p.t_mws_, a{Zmkv sSÌp-I-fn hnP-bn¨ C´y]mIn-Øm-s\-Xnsc ]c-¼c t\Sn. Bkvt{X-en-bbv¡pw ]mIn-Øm-\p-sa-Xnsc hnP-b-I-c-amb coXn-bn C´ysb \bn¨ kp\n Khm-kv¡À \mb-I-Øm\w Dt]-£n-¨p. Kp­¸ hniz-\mYv ]pXnb\mb-I-\m-bn. 1980 C´y³ {In¡-änsâ kphÀ®-Pq-_nen hÀj-am-bn-cp-¶p. BtLm-j-¯nsâ `mK-ambn t_mws_-bn h¨v C´y Cw¥-­p-ambn HcpsSÌv am¨v Ifn-¨p.

Cu hnhÀ¯-\-̄ n \n¶pw \ap¡v NneXv ]Tn-¡m-\p-­v.

1. X¶n-cn-¡p¶ hm¡p-Isf hmbn¨v AXns\ ae-bm-fo-I-cn-¡p-I-b-Ãm, adn¨v AXnsâ BibwNpcp-§nb hm¡pI-fmÂ; kz´w hm¡p-I-fnÂAh-X-cn -¸n -¡-Ww. AXm-bXv hnhÀ¯\wkÀ¤m-ß-I-am-h-Ww.

2. Hmtcm Cw¥ojv ]Z-̄ n\pw tbmPn-¡p¶ ae-bm-f-]-Z-§tf D]-tbm-Kn-¡m-hq. DZm-l-c-W-ambn‘carry’ F¶ ]Z-¯n\v FSp-¯p-sIm-­p-t]m-Ip-I, FSp-¡p-I, IS-̄ p-I, B\-bn-¡p-I, KÀ`n-Wn-bm-bn-cn-¡p-I, hgn-Im-«p-I, Iq«n-s¡m­pt]mIpI XpS§n \nc-h[n AÀ°-§Ä D­v.kµÀ`-¯n-\-\p-k-cn v̈ \mw Ch {]tbm-Kn-¡-Ww.t\sc Xncn-¨p-am-hmw. Htc-bÀ°w kqNn-̧ n-¡m³]e Cw¥ojv ]Z-§Ä ImWpw. At¸mgpw DNn-X-ambn ]Z-{]-tbmKw \S-¯Ww F¶À°w.

3. hnhÀ¯-\-¯nsâ {]mY-anI \S-]Sn F¶\nebv¡v [mcmfw hm¡p-I-fpsS AÀ°w ]Tn-s¨-Sp-¡-Ww.

4. hmN-I-̄ nse {][m\ ]Zw Is­¯n AXn\p]cn-K-W\ \ÂIn-thWw hnhÀ¯\w \nÀÆ-ln-¡m³.

5. ssien-IÄ, ]g-s©m-Ãp-IÄ F¶n-hbv¡v X\-Xmb AÀ°-ap-­v. Ah Ign-hXpw lrZn-Ø-am-¡n-bn-cn-¡-Ww.

6. Hcp hmN-Is¯ hnhÀ¯\w sN¿p-t¼mÄ Ign-hXpw efn-X-ambn hnhÀ¯\w sN¿p-I. hen-¨p-\o-«n- -̧dªv Bi-b-¯nsâ KmVX Ipd-bv¡-cp-Xv.

7. C\n hnhÀ¯\w \nÀÆ-ln-¡m³ aSn-bp-­m-tI­ Imcy-an-Ã..