QCVN 12:2014/BXD

QCVN 12:2014/BXD

CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

QCVN 12:2014/BXD

QUY CHUN K THUT QUC GIA

V H THNG IN CA NH V NH CNG CNG

National Technical Regulation on Electrical Installations

of Dwelling and Public Buildings(D tho ln 1)H NI 2014 MC LC

Trang

1Quy nh chung5

1.1Phm vi iu chnh5

1.2i tng p dng5

1.3Ti liu vin dn5

1.4Gii thch t ng5

1.5Cc ch vit tt9

1.6Cc nguyn tc chung9

2Quy nh v k thut 10

2.1H thng ng dn in v thit b in10

2.2H thng ni t v dy dn bo v17

2.3Cch ly, ng ct mch in v dch v an ton19

2.4Bo v chng in git22

2.5Bo v chng tc ng nhit24

2.6Bo v chng qu dng in27

2.7Bo v chng nhiu in p v nhiu in t30

2.8Bo v chng st32

2.9u ni cc ngun in ring34

2.10Trang b in trong cc khu vc c bit35

3Quy nh v qun l42

3.1Kim tra42

3.2T chc thc hin45

Ph lc A (Quy nh) - Gii hn th tch trong tm vi46

Ph lc B(Quy nh) - Cp bo v ca thit b in47

Ph lc C(Tham kho) - Chiu sng nhn to49

Ph lc D(Tham kho) - Nhng bin php cn thit hn ch chi la phn x 58

Ph lc (Quy nh) - Cc loi s ni t61

Ph lc E(Quy nh) H thng ni t v dy dn bo v

64

Ph lc G(Quy nh) - Vt liu v kch thc ti thiu ca in cc ni t 66

Ph lc H(Quy nh) - Cc gi tr ca h s k i vi dy dn67

Ph lc I(Quy nh) - Qu in p tm thi pha h p khi c ngn mch chm tpha cao p ca my bin p

pha

phippha pj pha cao p ca trm bin p68

Ph lc K(Quy nh) - Yu cu i vi qu in p tm thi70

Ph lc L(Quy nh) - in p chu xung yu cu ca thit b71

Ph lc M(Quy nh) - Vt liu v kch thc cc phn t ca LPS bn ngoi72

Ph lc N(Quy nh) Phn loi cc vng theo mc nguy him v in74

Li ni u

QCVN 12:2014/BXD do Vin Khoa hc Cng ngh Xy dng bin son vi s h tr ca cc chuyn gia thuc Hip hi ng Quc t khu vc ng Nam (International Copper Association Southeast Asia), V Khoa hc Cng ngh v Mi trng trnh duyt, B Khoa hc v Cng ngh thm nh, B Xy dng ban hnh km theo Thng t s: ....../2014/TT-BXD ca B trng B Xy dng ngy ...... thng ...... nm 2014.

QUY CHUN K THUT QUC GIA V H THNG IN

CA NHA VA NH CNG CNG

National Technical Regulation on Electrical Installations of Dwelling and Public Buildings

1. QUY NH CHUNG

1.1 Pham vi iu chinhQuy chun ny quy nh cc yu cu v k thut v cc yu cu v qun l bt buc phi tun th khi thit k, thi cng (xy dng mi, ci to, sa cha) h thng in ca nh v nh cng cng vi cp in p ti a n 1000 V tn s 50 Hz. 1.2 i tng ap dungQuy chun ny p dng i vi cc c quan qun l nh nc, cc t chc, c nhn c hot ng lin quan n thit k v thi cng h thng in ca nh v nh cng cng.

1.3 Ti liu vin dn

Cc tiu chun vin dn sau l cn thit cho vic p dng Quy chun ny:

TCVN 9888-1:2013 (IEC 62305-1:2010) H thng bo v chng st. Phn 1: Nguyn tc chung;TCVN 9888-3:2013 (IEC 62305-3:2010), H thng bo v chng st. Phn 3: Hng vt l n kt cu v nguy c tui th;TCVN 7447-7-710:2006 (IEC 60364-7-710:2002) H thng lp t in ca cc ta nh. Phn 7-710: Yu cu i vi h thng lp t c bit hoc khu vc c bit - Khu vc y t;

1.4 Giai thich t ngTrong Quy chun nay, cc t, cum t di y c hiu nh sau:

1.4.1

Nh (ta nh)

Cng trnh xy dng c chc nng chnh l bo v, che chn cho ngi hoc vt cha bn trong; thng thng c bao che mt phn hoc ton b v c xy dng mt v tr c nh.

1.4.2 H thng in ca nh v nh cng cng (sau y gi tt l h thng in nh)

T hp cc ng dn in, thit b in, h thng ni t v dy dn bo v t im cp in ca ta nh n cc im tiu th. 1.4.3 ng dn in

Tp hp gm dy dn, thanh dn, cp v cc ph kin bt, gi, u ni, v bo v v bao che (ng, hp).

1.4.4 H thng ng dn inTp hp cc ng dn in.1.4.5 Mch in

Tp hp cc dy dn v thit b in do mt u ngun cp in v c bo v bi cng mt hoc mt nhm thit b bo v qu dng in.

1.4.6 Dy dn in c v cch in (sau y gi tt l dy dn)Rut kim loi dn in nm trong v cch in. 1.4.7

Dy dn ti in

Dy dn ti in nng, gm cc dy pha v dy trung tnh.

1.4.8

Dy dn bo v (sau y gi tt l dy PE)Dy dn in ni cc v kim loi ca cc thit b s dng in v ph kin vi cc ni t ti ni lp t thit b s dng in hoc vi im trung tnh ni t ca ngun cp in. 1.4.9 Cp in (sau y gi tt l cp) Tp hp gm:a)Mt hoc nhiu dy dn;

b)V bo v ring cho tng dy dn (c th c hoc khng);

c)V bo v chung (c th c hoc khng);

d)o gip bo v chung cho c si cp (c th c hoc khng);

) V bo v ngoi.1.4.10

Thanh dn Thanh kim loi dng dn in.

1.4.11

ng lun dy

ng bng thp hoc nha, c bn c ph hp, c s dng lun dy dn, cp.

1.4.12

Hp lun dy

Ph kin c chc nng nh ng lun dy, nhng tit din hnh ch nht, c np.

1.4.13

T phn phi in chnh

Tp hp cc kt cu, thit b phn phi in t u ng dy cp in vo nh.

1.4.14

T phn phi in ph

Tp hp cc kt cu, thit b phn phi in t sau t phn phi in chnh cp in cho mt phn nh.

1.4.15

Thit b iu khin

Thit b dng thc hin cc tc ng nhm t nhng mc ch nht nh.

1.4.16

My ct in (sau y gi tt l my ct)Thit b kt ni c th ng, ct, chu c dng in ph ti khi lm vic bnh thng v dng in ngn mch. 1.4.17

in cc ni t

B phn dn in c t trc tip trong t hoc trong mi trng dn in c tip xc vi t.

1.4.18

Thit b ng ct

Thit b dng ng ct mch in.

1.4.19

Bo v chng in git

Tp hp cc bin php bo m mc in git cho php m c th ngi chu c ty theo cng dng in v thi gian dng in i qua c th ngi. Bo v chng in git bao gm cc loi sau y:

a)Bo v chnh: Bo v chng in git khi thit b khng c h hng cch in;

b)Bo v khi c h hng cch in: Bo v chng in git khi thit b c h hng cch in;

c)Bo v b sung: B sung cho bo v chnh v bo v khi c h hng cch in.

1.4.20

Dch v an ton Cng tc cp in duy tr s hot ng ca mt s thit b ch yu nhm bo v con ngi khi c nguy him. 1.4.21

Dao cch ly

Thit b kt ni, khi v tr ct no to mt khong cch ly an ton. Dao cch ly khng ng hoc ct dng in ph ti nhng chu c dng in ph ti trong thi gian di v chu c dng in ngn mch trong mt thi gian ngn theo quy nh.

1.4.22

Dao ph ti

Thit b kt ni, c th ng, ct, chu c dng in lm vic ca ph ti. Dao ph ti c th ng vo ngn mch v chu dng in ngn mch trong mt thi gian ngn theo qui nh, nhng khng ct c dng in ngn mch.

1.4.23

Dng in d

Tng i s ca cc tr s tc thi ca cc dng in i trong tt c cc dy dn ti in ti mt im nht nh ca mch in. Khi thit b lm vic bnh thng, dng in d bng tng cc dng in r. Khi c s c cch in, dng in d bng dng in s c cng vi cc dng in r.

1.4.24

Dng in r

Dng in i xung t hoc qua cc phn t c tnh dn in bn ngoi xung t trong khi thit b in lm vic bnh thng.

1.4.25

Thit b bo v theo dng in d (sau y gi tt l RCD)

Thit b bo v ct mch in khi dng in d t n mt gi tr nht nh.

1.4.26

Tip xc trc tip

Tip xc ca con ngi vi mt b phn c in th trong khi b phn ny lm vic bnh thng.

1.4.27

Th tch trong tm vi

Th tch khng gian bn trn, xung quanh v bn di mt b mt m ngi ang ng hoc i li trn c th vi ti c bng tay, khng cm dng c g. Gii hn th tch trong tm vi c th hin ti Ph lc A.

1.4.28

Tip xc gin tip

Tip xc ca con ngi vi v kim loi ca thit b, khi cch in gia phn c in th v v kim loi b h hng.

1.4.29

V kim loi ca thit b

B phn kim loai bao bc bn ngoi thit b, c tnh dn in, c kh nng tip xc vo. Bnh thng v ny khng c in th, nhng khi cch in b h hng v ny tr nn c in th.

1.4.30Thanh ci Thanh dn c tit din ln. 1.4.31Thanh gpThanh ci nhiu mch in ring r c th u ni vo, 1.4.32 in p siu thp (sau y gi tt l ELV)in p xoay chiu khng ln hn 50 V. 1.4.33in p siu thp tch bit (sau y gi tt l SELV)ELV c ngun, dy dn v thit b s dng in khng ni vi cc mch in khc v khng ni t. 1.4.34in p siu thp c bo v (sau y gi tt l PELV)ELV c ni t bo v.

1.5 Cc ch vit tt 1.5.1 ELV (Extra-Low Voltage) - in p siu thp.1.5.2 IP (Index Protection) - ch s bo v.

1.5.3 IT - mt loi s ni t.

1.5.4 LPS (Lighting Protection System) - h thng chng st.

1.5.5 N (Neutral) - dy trung tnh.

1.5.6 PE (Protective Earthing) - dy dn bo v.1.5.7 PELV (Protective Extra-Low Voltage) - in p siu thp c bo v. 1.5.8 RCD (Residual Current Device) - thit b bo v dng in d.

1.5.9 SELV (Separated Extra-Low Voltage) - in p siu thp tch bit.1.5.10 SPD (Surge Protection Device) - thit b bo v chng qu in p t bin.

1.5.11 TN-S - mt loi s ni t.

1.5.12 TT mt loi s ni t. 1.6 Cc nguyn tc chung

H thng in ca nh phi:

1.6.1 c thit k, lp t v kim tra ph hp vi cc quy nh trong Quy chun ny.

1.6.2 c p dng cc tiu chun la chn khc, nhng khng c tri vi cc quy nh ti Quy chun ny.

1.6.3 Tun th cc quy nh ti cc vn bn quy phm php lut c lin quan.

1.6.4 Ph hp vi chc nng ca nh, c thit k v lp t ng k thut, m bo vn hnh an ton, lin tc trong thi gin s dng; khng gy nguy him hoc thit hi cho ngi, vt nui v ti sn.

2. QUY NH V K THUT2.1 H thng ng dn in v thit b in2.1.1 Yu cu chungPhng php lp t, cc iu kin lin quan n h thng ng dn in, thit b in phi p ng yu cu m bo an ton, tip cn d dng kim tra, sa cha, thay th.2.1.2 Yu cu v phng php lp t h thng ng dn in

2.1.2.1 Phi p dng phng php lp t h thng ng dn in ph hp p ng yu cu v kh nng ti dng in ca cc dy dn.2.1.2.2 Khng c s dng cp mt rut c o gip bo v bng si thp hoc bng thp cho mch in xoay chiu ba pha. Tt c cc dy dn ti in v dy PE ca mch in ba pha xoay chiu t trong ng, hp bng vt liu st t phi c a vo cng mt ng, hp.

2.1.2.3 Trng hp nhiu mch in i trong mt ng ng hoc hp, tt c cc dy dn phi c cch in tng ng vi in p danh nh cao nht.

2.1.2.4 Trng hp nhiu mch in i trong mt si cp, tt c cc rut dn in ca si cp phi c cch in tng ng vi in p danh nh cao nht.

2.1.2.5 Cc dy dn ca mt mch in khng c nm trn nhiu si cp c nhiu rut khc nhau v trong ng, hp, mng, thang khc nhau; tr trng hp cp nhiu rut to thnh mt mch v c lp t song song c cha mt dy dn ca mi pha v dy trung tnh (nu c).

2.1.2.6 Khng cho php dng mt dy trung tnh chung cho nhiu mch in chnh, tr khi dy pha v dy trung tnh nhn bit c v c thit b cch ly tt c cc dy dn ti in.

2.1.2.7 Khi nhiu mch in cng u vo mt hp u dy th cc u dy ca mi mch phi c vch ngn cch in.

2.1.2.8 Phi dng dy mm u in cho thit b c nh c lc phi dch chuyn tm thi. Dy dn mm v cp mm c lp t c nh nu p ng yu cu ca Quy chun ny v c s dng cho thit b in phi di chuyn. Phi dng ng mm bo v dy mm.

2.1.2.9 Cc dy dn khng c v bo v phi lun trong ng, hp.

2.1.3 Yu cu i vi h thng ng dn in theo cc iu kin bn ngoi2.1.3.1 Phi thc hin cc bin php cn thit bo v mi b phn ca ng dn in chng cc nh hng t bn ngoi.

2.1.3.2 Phi bo m cho ng dn in lm vic nhit cao nht v thp nht ti ni lp t v khng b vt qu nhit gii hn khi lm vic bnh thng v nhit gii hn khi c s c. Cc b phn ca h thng ng dn in ch c lp t v thao tc ti nhit nm trong gii hn quy nh ca sn phm.

2.1.3.3 ng dn in phi c chn bng tm cch nhit hoc t cch xa ngun nhit hoc s dng cc b phn chu c s tng thm nhit c th xy ra hoc tng cng ti ch bng vt liu chu nhit.

2.1.3.4 Phi m bo cho h thng ng dn in c cp bo v (quy nh ti Ph lc B) thch hp vi ni lp t; khng b h hng do nc ngng t hoc nc xm nhp; v bo v v v cch in ca cp lp t c nh cn nguyn vn v phi c bin php c bit i vi cp t di nc hoc b t nc thng xuyn.

2.1.3.5 Phi gim thiu mi nguy him do c vt rn t bn ngoi xm nhp; phi c bin php ngn cn bi hoc cc cht khc tch t vi s lng ln lm gim kh nng tn nhit ca ng dn in.

2.1.3.6 Phi bo v chng n mn hoc s dng vt liu chu c cc cht n mn, nhim cho cc b phn ca ng dn in. Khng c cc kim loi khc nhau c th gy ra phn ng in phn tip xc vi nhau, tr khi c bin php c bit trnh cc hu qu ca s tip xc .

2.1.3.7 Phi bo v chng cc h hi do tc ng c cho ng dn in c nh. Khi u cp v dy dn vo thit b in khng c lm suy gim cp bo v ca thit b in.

2.1.3.8 Phi m bo cho h thng ng dn in c hoc bt c nh vo cc kt cu ca thit b c rung, c bit l thit b rung. Cc thit b s dng in kiu treo (nh qut trn, chm n) phi c u ni bng dy dn mm.

2.1.3.9 Phi c bin php khng lm h hng cp, dy dn, cc u cp; trnh tc ng c cho dy dn, mi ni trong qu trnh lp t, s dng hoc bo dng v chng h hng ng dn in chn ngm di sn nh; chng h hi v c khi cp, thanh dn v dy dn i qua im co gin, xuyn qua tng ngn.

2.1.3.10 Khng c dng cc cht bi trn c cha silicon lun dy, ko dy trn mng hoc thang. ng lun dy dn t ngm trong kt cu xy dng phi lp t hon chnh gia cc im tip cn c trc khi a dy dn hoc cp vo, tr trng hp cm ng i dy sn c ch to ring cho mc ch ny. Bn knh cong ko dy dn v cp khng c lm hi n dy dn v cp.

2.1.3.11 Phi thc hin dy dn v cp khong cch thch hp dy dn v cp khng b h hng do trng lng bn thn hoc do lc ng in ca dng in ngn mch (ch xt lc ny i vi cp mt rut, tit din ln hn 50 mm2). Phi s dng dy dn hoc cp chu c lc cng thng xuyn do trng lng bn thn khi i theo chiu thng ng.

2.1.3.12 ng dn in chn c nh trong tng phi i theo phng nm ngang, thng ng hoc song song vi cnh tng. Cp, ng ng lun dy dn chn ngm di t phi c bo v chng h hng v c hoc phi chn su v phi nh du.

2.1.3.13 Phi c bin php phng chng ph hp vi nhng ni ng dn in c nguy c b h hi do thc vt, ng vt.

2.1.3.14 Phi c bin php bo v ng dn in chng tc ng ca bc x mt tri v bc x cc tm.

2.1.3.15 ng dn in phi c thit k v lp t ph hp vi yu cu chng ng t ca nh.

2.1.3.16 Phi s dng gi cp v h thng bo v c kh nng cho php dch chuyn tng i dy dn v cp khng phi chu tc ng c khi kt cu nh c nguy c dch chuyn. Phi dng ng dn in mm cho cc kt cu mm hoc cc kt cu d kin c dch chuyn.

2.1.4 Yu cu v kh nng ti dng in

2.1.4.1 Dng in ln nht i trong dy dn ca ng dn in ch lm vic bnh thng trong thi gian di phi ph hp vi quy nh ca nh ch to dy dn. 2.1.4.2 Phi cn c vo nhit lm vic ti a thp nht ca si trong nhm dy dn (hoc cp) c nhit lm vic ti a khc nhau, cng vi h s suy gim theo nhm thch hp xc nh kh nng ti dng in ca cc dy dn (hoc cp) trong nhm.

2.1.4.3 Phi tnh ton h s suy gim ca cc dy dn trong mch in theo s lng dy dn ti in. Trng hp mch in ba pha ti dng in cn bng (khi sng hi bc 3 hoc bi s l ca 3 c mo hi tng khng ln hn 15 %) th khng cn phi tnh n dy trung tnh ca mch . 2.1.4.4 Phi c bin php phn b dng in ti gia cc dy dn ph hp vi kh nng ti ca dy dn khi hai hoc nhiu dy dn ti in c mc song song, tr trng hp cc dy dn lm t cng mt loi vt liu, c cng tit din v c di xp x nhau v khng c mch r.

2.1.4.5 Trng hp khng th phn b dng in hoc phi mc song song t 4 dy dn tr ln th phi xem xt n phng n dng thanh dn.

2.1.4.6 Phi xc nh kh nng ti dng in theo phn ca tuyn dy c iu kin bt li nht, tr trng hp dy dn i qua tng c b dy nh hn 0,35 m.

2.1.4.7 Phi ni c hai u cc v kim loi v/hoc o gip bo v khng t tnh ca cc si cp mt rut trong cng mt mch in ca tuyn dy. Trng hp cp c tit din rut ln hn 50 mm2 v v bc ngoi cng khng dn in th v kim loi v/hoc o gip bo v khng t tnh c th ni vi nhau ti mt im trn ng i, nhng chiu di ca si cp t im ni phi c gii hn theo iu kin an ton in p gia v hoc o gip bo v n t, cc u khng ni vi nhau phi cch in.

2.1.5 Yu cu v tit din ca cc dy dn

2.1.5.1 Phi m bo tit din ti thiu ca dy pha trong cc mch xoay chiu nh sau:

a) Khi lp t c nh:

cho mch ng lc v chiu sng:

+ng: 1,5 mm2;

+nhm: 2,5 mm2;

cho mch tn hiu v iu khin:

+ng: 0,5 mm2;

b)Khi u ni bng dy mm:

ng: 0,75 mm2.

2.1.5.2 Tit din ca dy trung tnha) Dy trung tnh phi c tit din t nht bng tit din ca dy pha trong cc trng hp sau y:

trong mch in mt pha 2 dy;

trong mch in ba pha, tit din ca dy pha nh hn hoc bng 16 mm2 i vi ng hoc 25 mm2 i vi nhm;

trong mch in 3 pha c sng hi bc 3 v bi s l ca 3 v mo do cc sng hi ny t 15 % n 33 % bin c bn ca dng in;

b)Trng hp sng hi bc 3 v bi s l ca 3 gy ra mo ln hn 33 %, th phi chn tit din ca dy trung tnh ln hn tit din ca dy pha;c)i vi cc mch in ba pha m tit din ca dy pha ln hn 16 mm2 i vi ng hoc 25 mm2 i vi nhm, tit din ca dy trung tnh c th nh hn tit din dy pha nu p ng cc iu kin sau:

ph ti ca mch in l cn bng gia cc pha v sng hi bc 3 v bi s l ca 3 khng vt qu 15 % ca dng in trong dy pha. Trong iu kin ny, tit din ca dy trung tnh cng khng c nh hn 50 % tit din ca dy pha;

dy trung tnh c bo v chng qu dng in;

tit din ca dy trung tnh khng nh hn 16 mm2 i vi ng, 25 mm2 i vi nhm.

2.1.6 Yu cu i vi s ni t

Cc s ni t p dng cho h thng in nh phi thc hin theo Ph lc .

2.1.7 Yu cu v st in p ti ni tiu th

st in p gia im u cp in vi mi thit b in trong h thng in nh khng c ln hn 5% in p danh nh ca h thng in nh. 2.1.8 Yu cu v u ni in

Cc mi ni gia cc rut dn vi nhau v im u gia rut dn vi thit b phi m bo thng in lin tc, lu di, bn c, c bo v thch hp v phi tip cn c kim tra, th nghim, bo tr, tr cc mi ni c thit k chn ngm di t, y hp cht v mi ni gia dy lnh vi phn t gia nhit, mi ni bng cch hn hoc p, mi ni l mt phn ca thit b in, p ng tiu chun ca sn phm.

2.1.9 Yu cu v gim thiu chy lan i vi ng dn in

2.1.9.1 Trng hp c yu cu gim thiu chy lan th ng dn in phi s dng vt liu gim thiu nguy c chy lan; khng c lm gim tnh nng ca kt cu cng trnh v an ton chy. Cc loi cp khng c tnh nng chng chy lan ch c s dng ni t ng dn in c nh ti thit b s dng in v khng c i t khoang cch ly ny sang khoang cch ly khc. Cc b phn ca ng dn in khng thuc loi chng chy lan khi s dng phi c v bc chng chy.

2.1.9.2 Phi lp kn l v bn trong ng, hp lun dy, ni ng dn in xuyn qua bng vt liu c cp chng chy lan ca phn t xy dng b xuyn qua , tr cc ng, hp lun dy thuc loi chng chy lan, c tit din bn trong khng ln hn 710 mm2, p ng ng yu cu th nghim i vi IP33 v cc u ng, hp i vo mt trong cc khoang b xuyn qua c ngn cch bng kt cu xy dng. Vt liu lp kn phi chu c nh hng t bn ngoi nh ng dn in v chu c tc ng ca nc, tc ng ca cc sn phm do chy nh phn t xy dng.

2.1.10 Yu cu i vi ng dn in i lin k vi cc dch v khc

2.1.10.1 Khng c b tr cc mch in c in p thp v ELV trn cng mt ng dn, tr khi:

a)Mi si cp hoc dy dn trn ng dn in c cch in ng vi in p cao nht;

b)Mi rut dn trong mt si cp nhiu rut c cch in ng vi in p cao nht c trong si cp;

c) Si cp c cch in ng vi in p ca n v c t trong mt ngn ring trong ng, hp lun dy;

d)Cc si cp t trn mng c vch ngn ring;

)Dng ng, hp lun dy ring.

2.1.10.2 Khi ng dn in chn ngm giao cho hoc i gn ng dn truyn thng phi m bo khong cch gia cc loi ng dn ny t nht l 100 mm hoc phi p ng mt trong cc yu cu sau:

a)Phn cch gia cc ng dn bng gch, b tng chu la hoc dng ng chu la;

b)C bin php bo v v c gia cc ng dn khi giao cho.

2.1.10.3 ng dn in khng c t gn cc dch v khc c th gy hi cho ng dn in, tr khi c bo v thch hp.

2.1.10.4 Khng c t ng dn in trong khoang thang my, tr khi n l mt b phn ca thang my.

2.1.11 Yu cu v lp t ng dn in lin quan n bo tr v lm sch2.1.11.1 Vic lp t ng dn in phi ph hp vi yu cu bo tr, lm sch trong sut vng i ca n.

2.1.11.2 Khi cn tho d mt bin php bo v no bo tr, lm sch th phi lp t tr li sao cho khng lm gim cp bo v ban u.

2.1.11.3 Phi b tr sao cho tip cn an ton n cc phn t cn bo tr, lm sch ca ng dn in.2.1.12 Yu cu v lp t t in, thit b bo v

2.1.12.1 Ti u vo nh phi lp t t phn phi in chnh, tr trng hp nhnh r t ng dy trn khng vo nh c lp t thit b bo v vi dng in tc ng khng ln hn 25 A.

2.1.12.2 Sau t phn phi in chnh phi lp t t phn phi in ph cp in cho cc phn ca nh. 2.1.12.3 Phi lp t cc thit b iu khin, bo v ti cc t phn phi in tr trng hp ti im bt u r nhnh c bo v v khi t phn phi in c cp in bng ng dy ring.

2.1.12.4 Phi lp t thit b iu khin t phn phi in chnh ca ng dy cp in cho cc nh hoc cc b phn ca nh cng cng, mc d u ng dy hoc trn nhnh r t ng dy cp in lp t thit b iu khin.

2.1.12.5 Phi lp t cc t phn phi in phng dnh ring cho t in hoc trong cc hc tng c kha. nhng v tr d b ngp nc, phi lp t t phn phi in cao hn mc nc ngp cao nht c kh nng xy ra.

2.1.12.6 Trng hp khng c phng dnh ring th phi lp t t phn phi in trong cc phng khc, cc tng hm kh ro, hoc trong tng k thut, nu cc v tr ny ngi qun l tip cn c d dng, hoc trong cc phng ring ca nh c tng khng chy vi thi gian chu la khng nh hn 45 min.

2.1.12.7 Khi lp t t phn phi in ngoi phng dnh ring lp t t in, phi p ng cc yu cu sau:

a)Lp t ch kh ro, thun tin v d ti thao tc, sa cha;

b)Lp t trong hp, t hoc trong hc tng c ca bo v.

2.1.12.8 Khng c lp t t in di hoc trong phng v sinh, phng tm, ch ra, phng git, phng c ha cht.2.1.12.9 Khng c b tr cc np y, van, mt bch, ca thm d, vi ca ng ng dn nc, ng thng gi, ng hi nng v cc loi hp k thut khc ni t t in. Khng c t cc ng ng kh t v ng ng dn cht d chy i qua phng t t in. 2.1.12.10 Phng dnh ring lp t t phn phi in phi c thng gi v chiu sng bng in v phi c cnh ca m ra pha ngoi, phi c kha.

2.1.13 Yu cu i vi vic lp t thit b in trong nh2.1.13.1 Cc thit b in lp t trong nh phi ph hp vi in p ca mng cp in, tnh cht mi trng v yu cu s dng.

2.1.13.2 Trong nh xy dng mi v ci to phi s dng loi cm in c cc ni t an ton.

2.1.13.3 nhng ni dnh cho tr em, cm in v cng tc n phi t cao cch sn hon thin 1,5 m, tr trng hp c cc bin php bo v an ton.2.1.13.4 Trong cc ca hng, nh hng v nh cng cng khc, cc cng tc n chiu sng bnh thng, chiu sng s c v thot him phi lp t cc ni ch c ngi qun l tip cn c thao tc.

2.1.13.5 Phi s dng ng c in kiu kn.

2.1.13.6 ng c in kiu h phi lp t gian ring, c tng, trn v sn nh bng vt liu khng chy v phi cch cc b phn chy c ca nh t nht l 0,5 m.

2.1.13.7 Phi lp t ng c in dng chung v cc thit b bo v, iu khin ca chng ni ch c ngi qun l tip cn c.

2.1.13.8 Phi b tr cc nt bm iu khin thit b in dng chung ti ch vn hnh thun tin v c nhn ghi phn bit.

2.1.13.9 Trng hp phi lp t ng c in tng p mi th khng c lp t trc tip trn cc phng , phng lm vic v phi m bo mc n cho php theo cc quy nh hin hnh.

2.1.14 Yu cu i vi ng dn in v thit b in cho chiu sng nhn to v cc mc ch s dng khc2.1.14.1 Tit din ca rut dy dn v cp khng c nh hn cc tr s quy nh ti Bng 1. 2.1.14.2 ng dn in phc v chiu sng bin qung co gn vi nh phi c thit b bo v ct c ngun cp in khi xy ra s c h hng cch in, ngn mch hoc phi t kn bn trong kt cu xy dng, hoc cp phi c v bc cch in t tiu chun v phi lun trong ng nha chu lc v chu nhit, hoc phi c bin php bo v khc.

Bng 1 - Tit din ti thiu ca rut dy dn v cp trong ng dn in

Tn ng dn inTit din ti thiu ca rut dy dn v cp in mm2

ngNhm

ng dn in nhm chiu sng khng c cm1,52,5

ng dn in nhm chiu sng c cm in v ng dn in ch c cm2,54

ng dn in cho ng lc2,54

ng dn in t t in tng n t in cc phng46

ng dn in trc ng cp in cho mt hoc mt s tng610

2.1.14.3 Phi cp in bng cc ng dn in ring t t phn phi in chnh cho h thng chiu sng cu thang, li i chung, hnh lang v nhng phng khc ngoi phm vi cn h ca nh .

2.1.14.4 Phi bo v ng dn in nhm chiu sng trong nh bng cu chy hoc my ct in h p vi dng in danh nh khng ln hn 25 A. i vi ng dn in cp in cho nhm cc thit b chiu sng cc nh cng cng c cng sut ln cho php bo v bng cu chy hoc my ct in h p vi dng in danh nh n 63 A.

2.1.14.5 Phi m bo s lng n mc vo trong mi pha ca ng dn in nhm chiu sng trong nh khng ln hn:

a) 20 bng n hunh quang, thy ngn cao p, n natri;

b) 50 bng n hunh quanh trn ng dy nhm cp in cho cc n mng ht, trn sng, mng sng;

c) 01 n cng sut t 1000 W tr ln.

2.1.14.6 Trng hp cp in bng mt ng dn in nhm chung cho cc ng c in th s lng ng c khng c qu bn, ng thi cng sut mi ng c khng c qu 3 kW.

2.1.14.7 Thit b chiu sng ca nh phi:

a) C ri ph hp loi cng vic, nhm phng v cng trnh (tham kho Ph lc C);

b) p dng cc bin php hn ch chi la phn x (tham kho Ph lc D).2.1.14.8 Phi b tr ng dn in ring bit t t phn phi in chnh cho thang my v thang cun. Mt ng dy dn in ch c cp in cho t 1 n 2 thang my c cng tnh cht s dng trong mt gian cu thang.

2.1.14.9 Phi gn thit b t ng khng ch mc nc vo mch iu khin ng c in ca my bm nc vo b, thng cha.

2.1.14.10 Cc h thng thng gi, iu ha khng kh, un nc nng bng in tr phi c cp in trc tip bng cc ng dn in ring t t phn phi in v phi c thit b bo v ct in t ng.

2.2 H thng ni t v dy dn bo v2.2.1 Cc yu cu chung

2.2.1.1 H thng ni t gm cc phn t chnh l cc in cc ni t, thanh ni t chnh (l u ni hoc thanh gp ni cc thit b in vo h thng ni t) v dy dn ni t (l vt dn ni thanh ni t chnh vi in cc ni t) c lin kt vi nhau v th hin ti Ph lc E.2.2.1.2 H thng ni t phi:

a)Tin cy v ph hp vi cc yu cu bo v v vn hnh lu di ca thit b in;

b)C kh nng chu c dng in s c m khng gy nguy him cho ngi hoc h hng thit b;

c)Khng b h hng cc b phn kim loi khc nhau do tc ng in phn;

2.2.2 Yu cu i vi in cc ni t

2.2.2.1 Phi tn dng cc phn t sau y lm in cc ni t:

a)Cc kt cu kim loi t trong t hoc trong mng (tr cc mng b tng d ng lc);

b)V bc hoc lp ph kim loi ca cp.

2.2.2.2 in tr ni t ca in cc trong h thng ni t iu kin bt li nht phi p ng iu kin chng in git ti 2.4.2.3.

2.2.2.3 Khng c s dng ng ng dn cc cht c kh nng gy chy, n lm in cc ni t.

2.2.2.4 Vt liu lm in cc ni t phi chng c n mn do in phn.

2.2.2.5 Vt liu v kch thc ti thiu ca in cc ni t phi p ng quy nh ti Ph lc G.

2.2.3 Yu cu i vi thanh ni t chnh

2.2.3.1 Trong h thng ni t s dng lin kt bo v th cc dy dn sau y phi ni vi thanh ni t chnh:a)Dy dn ni t;

b)Dy PE;

c)Dy dn lin kt ng th bo v (sau y gi l dy dn lin kt bo v);

d)Dy dn ni t chc nng, nu c.

2.2.3.2 Thanh ni t chnh phi b tr ni d tip cn.

2.2.3.3 Thanh ni t chnh phi c kh nng tch tng dy dn ring r khi mi ni. Mi ni phi chc chn v ch tch c bng dng c chuyn dng.

2.2.4 Yu cu i vi dy dn ni t

Tit din ti thiu ca dy dn ni t khng chn trong t phi ph hp vi tit din ca dy PE c xc nh tai 2.2.5.1e. Trng hp chn trong t th phi tun theo cc tr s quy nh ti Bng 2.Bng 2 - Tit din ti thiu ca dy dn ni t chn trong t

Dy dn ni tC bo v v cKhng c bo v v c

C bo v chng n mn2,5 mm2 i vi dy ng

10 mm2 i vi dy thp16 mm2 i vi c dy ng v dy thp

Khng c bo v chng n mn25 mm2 i vi dy ng50 mm2 i vi dy thp

2.2.5 Yu cu i vi dy PE

2.2.5.1 Dy PE phi p ng cc yu cu sau y:

a)Dy PE phi c bo v chng cc h hng v c, ho v in ho, chu c cc lc in ng v tc ng nhit trong mi iu kin lm vic;

b)Khng c t thit b ng ct trn dy PE, nhng cho php c cc mi ni c th tch bng dng c chuyn dng;

c)Khng c dng v kim loi ca thit b lm mt phn ca dy PE cho cc thit b khc;

d)Cc mi ni ca dy PE phi c tip cn d dng kim tra v th nghim, tr cc mi ni c bc kn hoc lp y bng cht n;

) Trng hp dy PE ng thi c dng lm mch kim tra ni in ca ni t th khng c mc ni tip vi cc thit b chuyn dng c tng tr (nh b tc ng cm bin, cun dy);

e) Tit din ti thiu khng nh hn cc tr s quy nh ti Bng 3.Bng 3 - Tit din ti thiu ca dy PE

Tit din ca dy pha, S mm2Tit din ti thiu ca dy PE tng ng

mm2

Dy PE cng vt liu vi dy dn phaDy PE khng cng vt liu vi dy dn pha

S 16S

16 < S 3516

S > 35

CH THCH:

- k1 l h s k ca dy pha c gi tr quy nh ti Ph lc H;- k2 l h s k ca dy PE c gi tr quy nh ti Ph lc H.

2.2.5.2 Cc vt dn c php lm dy PE gm:

a) Dy dn trong cp nhiu rut;

b) Dy dn bc cch in hoc trn, nm trong cng mt v bc vi dy dn ti in;

c) Dy dn trn lp c nh hoc dy dn c v cch in;

d) V cp hoc khung t in bng kim loi, li bc cp, v thp ca cp, dy thp bn, dy dn ng trc, ng kim loi p ng ng thi cc yu cu sau:

tnh lin tc v in c m bo bng cc kt cu hoc u ni thch hp, chng c h hng v c cng nh n mn in ho;

u ni c vi cc dy PE khc im ni dy c xc nh trc;

tit din ti thiu khng nh hn gi tr quy nh ti Bng 3.

2.2.5.3 Dy PE khng phi l mt b phn ca cp hoc khng nm trong v bc chung vi dy pha th tit din ti thiu phi bng:

a) 2,5 mm2 (i vi dy ng) v 16 mm2 (i vi dy nhm) cho dy dn c bo v c;

b) 4 mm2 (i vi dy ng) v 16 mm2 (i vi dy nhm) cho dy dn khng c bo v c.

2.2.5.4 Dy PE dng chung cho nhiu mch in th tit din ti thiu phi xc nh theo Bng 3 vi dng in s c v thi gian tn ti ng vi xung lng nhit (I2x t) ln nht.

2.2.5.5 Khng c dng cc b phn kim loi di y lm dy PE:

a)ng nc;

b) ng cha kh hoc cht lng d chy;

c) Cc b phn, kt cu chu ng sut c khi lm vic bnh thng;

d) ng, b phn c th un, xon c (tr khi c thit k cho cc mc ch );

) Gi dy, dy treo dy dn.

2.2.5.6 Khi dy dn ni t bo v kt hp lm dy ni t chc nng th phi p ng ng thi cc yu cu i vi dy PE v cc yu cu v ni t chc nng.

2.2.5.7 Nu dng thit b bo v qu dng bo v chng in git th dy PE phi nm trong cng ng dn vi dy ti in.

2.2.6 Yu cu i vi dy dn lin kt bo v

2.2.6.1 Dy dn lin kt bo v ni vi thanh ni t chnh phi c tit din khng nh hn:

a) 6 mm2 i vi dy ng;

b) 16 mm2 i vi dy nhm;

c) 50 mm2 i vi dy thp.

2.2.6.2 Dy dn lin kt bo v ni gia hai v kim loi ca thit b phi c kh nng dn in bng hoc ln hn kh nng dn in ca dy PE c kh nng dn in nh nht ni vi cc v thit b .

2.2.6.3 Dy dn lin kt bo v ni gia v kim loi ca thit b vi cc vt dn bn ngoi phi c kh nng dn in khng nh hn 1/2 kh nng dn in ca dy PE tng ng.2.3 Cch ly, ng ct mch in v dch v an ton

2.3.1 Thit b cch ly v ng ct

2.3.1.1 Phi s dng cc loi thit b sau cch ly v ng ct mch in:

a) Dao cch ly, cu dao ph ti, my ct;

b) Phch cm v cm;

c) Cu chy;

d) Cc u ni chuyn dng (khng cn tho dy dn ra).

2.3.1.2 Cc tip im ng ca mi thit b cch ly v ng ct nhiu cc cn phi khp ni c kh sao cho chng thc s ng m ng thi, tr nhng tip im dng cho dy trung tnh c th ng trc v m sau cc tip im khc.

2.3.1.3 Khng c lp t thit b cch ly v ng ct mt cc vo dy trung tnh bt k l mch mt pha hay ba pha.

2.3.2 Dy PE ca mch in

2.3.2.1 Khng c lp t dy PE ca mch in xuyn qua mch t ca RCD.

2.3.2.2 Cc yu cu khc c lin quan n dy PE thc hin theo quy nh ti 2.2.5.

2.3.3 Yu cu v s dng cc loi RCD

2.3.3.1 RCD phi c kh nng cch ly c tt c cc dy dn ang c in ca mch m n bo v.

2.3.3.2 Phi s dng RCD loi tc ng bng dng in, khng c s dng RCD loi tc ng bng in p.

2.3.3.3 i vi mch ba pha khng c ph ti s dng ba pha, phi s dng RCD cho tng pha gim phm vi mt in khi ch c s c cc pha ring bit.

2.3.3.4 Phi s dng RCD c dng lm vic khng qu 30 mA lm bo v b sung cho thit b in nhng mch in c s dng dng c cm tay.

2.3.4 Thit b bo v theo dng ngn mch

2.3.4.1 Dng in nh mc ca thit b bo v khng c nh hn dng in lm vic lu di ln nht ca mch in.

2.3.4.2 Thit b bo v phi c kh nng ct c dng ngn mch ln nht.

2.3.5 Ct in khn cp2.3.5.1 Trng hp cn ct ngun cp in ngn nga nguy him pht sinh ngoi d kin phi lp t thit b ct khn cp cho b phn c lin quan ca h thng in.

2.3.5.2 Phi trang b cc phng tin ngng khn cp khi cc chuyn ng bng in lm tng nguy him.

2.3.5.3 Cc thit b ct in khn cp phi ct c dng in ca cc phn thit b c lin quan, c tnh n dng in ca ng c b hm.

2.3.5.4 Thit b ct in khn cp phi ct in c cho tt c cc dy dn c in. 2.3.5.5 Phi sn mu cc thit b dng ct in khn cp v b tr d dng nhn bit, d dng tip cn, thao tc ct trc tip bng tay cc mch cp in khi iu kin cho php.

2.3.5.6 Khi thit b ct ra th phi c kha hoc cht li v tr ct v bo m khng c kh nng t ng in tr li.

2.3.6 H thng in dng cho dch v an ton

2.3.6.1 Phi c h thng in ring duy tr hot ng cc b phn thit yu cho dch v an ton lm vic mi thi im, mi iu kin.2.3.6.2 Cc dch v an ton bao gm, nhng khng gii hn bi cc hng mc sau:

a) Chiu sng khn cp, thot him;

b) Bm cha chy;

c) Thang my cu h khi xy ra chy;

d) H thng bo ng (c chy, khi, kh CO, t nhp);

) H thng s tn;

e) H thng ht khi;g)H thng qut tng p cu thang thot him;

h) Thit b y t thit yu.

2.3.6.3 Trong mch IT phi c thit b kim sot cch in lin tc pht tn hiu bng m thanh v nh sng khi xut hin s c chm t u tin. 2.3.7 Ngun in dng cho dch v an ton

2.3.7.1 Ngun in dng cho dch v an ton (cqui, pin, t my pht in c lp, l ring c lp vi l cp in bnh thng) phi c cng sut, tin cy, thi gian hot ng p ng cn thit, thng s c trng v thi gian chuyn i thch hp theo quy nh.

2.3.7.2 Ngun in dng cho dch v an ton phi c lp c nh v tr thch hp, c bin php thng gi v thot kh thi ra ngoi mt cch an ton. S c ngun cp in bnh thng khng c gy nh hng bt li cho ngun in ny.

2.3.7.3 Ngun in dng cho dch v an ton dng kt hp cho cc mc ch khc th khng c gy nh hng n nhim v chnh. Phi c bin php khi c s c mch cung cp in cho mc ch khc khng lm mt in ca dch v an ton.

2.3.7.4 Nu mt ngun dng cho dch v an ton cp in ng thi cho dch v an ton ca nhiu to nh th s c trong cc dch v an ton ca mt ta nh khng c lm nh hng n hot ng bnh thng ca ngun an ton.

2.3.8 Yu cu i vi mch in dng cho dch v an ton2.3.8.1 Mch in ca dch v an ton phi c lp vi cc mch khc.

2.3.8.2 Khi thit b c cp in t hai ngun khc nhau th s c xut hin trong mch ca ngun ny khng c gy nh hng xu n bo v chng in git hoc hot ng ng ca ngun kia. Thit b c dy PE th dy PE ny phi c ni vi dy PE ca c hai mch.

2.3.8.3 Trng hp ct qu ti lm mt ngun cp in c th gy ra mi nguy him ln hn th thit b bo v chng qu ti khng c t ng ct ngun in m phi c bin php theo di s xut hin ca qu ti khc phc. 2.3.8.4 Bo v chng ngn mch v chng in git trong iu kin bnh thng v trong trng hp s c phi c m bo phng n u ni bt k vi ngun cp in bnh thng v ngun dng cho dch v an ton.

2.3.8.5 Thit b bo v chng qu dng phi c chn v lp t sao cho khng qu dng trong mt mch lm nh hng n hot ng ng ca mch dng cho dch v an ton.

2.3.8.6 T in ca dch v an ton phi c cch ly khi cc thnh phn ca h thng in bnh thng v phi m bo kh nng chu chy trong thi gian quy nh.

2.3.8.7 Mch in ca dch v an ton khng c i qua cc v tr c ri ro chy, tr khi n c lm t vt liu khng chy hoc c bo v thch hp. Trong mi trng hp, mch in khng c i qua khu vc c ri ro n.

2.3.8.8 Phng tin ng ct v iu khin phi c lp thnh nhm, d dng nhn bit c, t ti khu vc m ch nhng ngi c trch nhim mi c php tip cn.

2.3.8.9 Cp ca mch in dng cho dch v an ton c kh nng b chy, nhiu phi c cch ly vi cc cp ca mch khc, k c cp ca mch an ton khc bng khong cch hoc vt chn. Phi s dng cp chu chy ph hp vi 2.1.9 lp t sao cho m bo bn nhit v c cn thit.

2.3.8.10 Khng c lp t cc mch in dng cho dch v an ton trong khoang thang my hoc cc loi ng thng hi, thng khi, tr cc cp dng cho thang my cu h khi xy ra chy hoc thang my c yu cu c bit.

2.3.8.11 n chiu sng khn cp m bnh thng khng hot ng phi t ng hot ng khi c s c mch cp in bnh thng trong khu vc t n. Vic chuyn i t ch bnh thng sang ch khn cp phi c thc hin t ng khi in p ngun bnh thng thp hn 60% in p danh nh trong thi gian vt qu 0,5 s v t ng tr v ch bnh thng khi in p ca ngun bnh thng ln hn 85% in p danh nh.2.3.8.12 Ngun in s dng cho chiu sng khn cp phi c kim sot ti t phn phi. Quy nh ny khng p dng cho pin, cqui t np.

2.3.8.13 Trong h thng chiu sng khn cp, cc loi n phi tng thch vi thi gian chuyn i duy tr mc chiu sng quy nh.

2.3.8.14 Ti v tr ng ct trung tm phi lp t thit b gim st v iu khin ngun cp. 2.3.8.15 Gi tr ri nh nht chiu sng khn cp trn b mt li i v cu thang phi t 0,5 lx, cc gian phng, cc khu vc m phi t 0,2 lx.

2.4 Bo v chng in git

2.4.1 Yu cu v bo v chng in git do tip xc trc tip2.4.1.1 Phi bao bc hon ton cc b phn mang in bng vt liu cch in t tiu chun sao cho ch tho g ra c bng cch ph hy. 2.4.1.2 Phi dng ro chn hoc v bc lp c nh chc chn, m bo bn c, c cch ly vi cc phn c in ph hp vi iu kin lm vic bnh thng, c xt n cc nh hng t bn ngoi v phi s dng n dng c hoc cha kha mi c th tho ra c v c cp bo v thp nht l IPXXB hoc IP2X ngn nga mi tip xc ca con ngi, vt nui vi phn c in. Trng hp c nhng l m thay th mt phn thit b th phi c cc bin php ngn nga tip xc v vi phn c in, ng thi phi c cnh bo trnh chm phi phn c in. 2.4.1.3 Phi dng tm chn hoc v bc c cp bo v thp nht l IPXXD hoc IP4X b mt nm ngang trn cng d tip cn.

2.4.1.4 Cc b phn c th tip cn ng thi m c cc in th khc nhau th khng c t trong phm vi gii hn th tch trong tm vi.

2.4.1.5 Phi s dng vt cn c th tho ra c, nhng khng th b di chuyn ngu nhin bo v nhng ni c ngi qua li hoc lm vic c th v tip xc vi vt mang in.

2.4.2 Yu cu v bo v chng in git do tip xc gin tip2.4.2.1 Phi lp t thit b bo v qu dng in t ng ct mch in khi c s c.

2.4.2.2 i vi s TT v TN-S phi lp t RCD bo v chng s c chm v.

2.4.2.3 Phi c bin php m bo an ton trnh b tai nn in git i vi ngi theo iu kin RA x Ia 50 (1)trong :

RA l in tr ni t ();

Ia l dng in tc ng ca thit b bo v (A): i vi RCD l dng in d tc ng danh nh In; i vi bo v qu dng l gi tr dng in tc ng ca bo v ti 5 s; 50 l gi tr in p an ton (tnh bng vn) c chp nhn trong iu kin bnh thng.

2.4.2.4 Phi ni v kim loi ca thit b vi dy PE theo cc iu kin quy nh cho tng loi s ni t ti Ph lc .

2.4.2.5 Phi ni lin kt ng th bo v ca nh vi dy PE, dy dn ni t hoc cc ni t, cc phn t dn in bn ngoi. Dy dn dng lin kt ng th bo v phi ph hp vi quy nh ti 2.2.6.

2.4.2.6 Bo v b sung:

a) Phi ni lin kt ng th ph vi v kim loi ca thit b c th tip cn ng thi v b phn c tnh dn in khng thuc h thng in nh, k c li tng cng bng kim loi ca ct thp. H thng lin kt ng th ph phi c ni vi dy PE ca tt c thit b, k c dy PE ca cm.

in tr R gia cc v kim loi ca thit b bt k v b phn dn in bt k khng thuc h thng in nh ti nhng ni c th tip xc ng thi phi p ng iu kin () (2)trong :

- Ia l dng in tc ng ca thit b bo v (A):

+i vi RCD l In;

+ i vi bo v qu dng l dng tc ng ca bo v ti 5 s;

50 l gi tr in p an ton (tnh bng vn) c chp nhn trong iu kin bnh thng.b) Trng hp s dng RCD lm bo v b sung th dng in d tc ng danh nh khng c vt qu 30 mA.

2.4.2.7 Bo v bng tch bit v in phi p ng cc iu kin sau:

a) Mi ngun cch ly vi t ch c cp cho mt thit b s dng in;

b) Mch in tch bit phi c cp t ngun in cch ly vi t v in p ca mch in tch bit khng c vt qu 500 V;

c) Khng c ni cc b phn mang in ca mch in tch bit bt k im no vi cc mch khc hoc vi t hoc dy PE;

d) Cp v dy mm ca mch in phi m bo kh nng kim sot c bng mt trn sut chiu di c nguy c b h hng v c;

) Phi s dng h thng ng dn in ring cho cc mch in tch bit;

e) Trng hp s dng cc dy dn ca cng mt ng dn in cho mch in tch bit v cc mch in khc th phi s dng cp nhiu rut khng bc bng kim loi hoc s dng cc dy dn cch in nm trong ng, h thng ng ng hoc hp cch in p ng cc iu kin sau:

cch in cc dy dn phi p ng in p danh nh cao nht c trong si cp;

phi t bo v qu dng cho tng mch in;

g) V kim loi ca thit b trong mch in tch bit khng c ni vi t hoc vi dy PE cng nh vi v kim loi ca thit b trong mch khc.

h) Trng hp c nhiu hn mt thit b s dng in th ngoi cc yu cu nu cc im t b n g, cn phi p ng cc quy nh sau:

-phi thc hin cc bin php phng nga bo v mch in khng b h hng cch in;

-cc v bng kim loi ca mch in, k c ca cm, phi c ni lin kt ng th vi nhau bng dy dn cch in khng ni vi t, khng ni vi dy PE hoc v bng kim loi ca mch khc;

-tt c cp mm (tr khi cp in cho thit b c cch in kp hoc cch in tng cng) phi gm c dy PE s dng lm dy lin kt ng th nh nu ti gch u dng th hai ca im ny;-phi c bo v t ng ct mch in khi c s c hai im trn hai dy ni vi cc u khc nhau ca ngun vi thi gian ct ln nht quy nh ti Bng 4.Bng 4 - Thi gian ct ln nht p dng cho cc mch cui c dng in khng qu 32 A

Thi gian tnh bng giy (s) in p danh nh, US ni t V 50< U 120 120< U 230 230< U 400 U >400

TT0,30,20,070,04

TN-S0,80,40,20,1

2.4.2.8 in tr ni t phi m bo thit b bo v qu dng in v RCD lm vic c hiu qu.

2.5 Bo v chng tc ng nhit2.5.1 Yu cu chung

Phi thc hin cc bin php bo v con ngi, vt nui, cc thit b c nh, cc dng c v vt liu t cnh cc thit b in, dy dn in chng cc hu qu c hi do nhit t thit b in, dy dn in gy ra hoc do bc x nhit lm bc chy, h hng, c nguy c gy bng hoc lm nh hng n vn hnh an ton.

2.5.2 Yu cu i vi bo v chng chy do thit b in v dy dn in gy ra

2.5.2.1 Thit b in c kh nng to ra nhit b mt gy nguy him chy cho cc vt liu, vt dung lin k khi thit k, lp t c nh phi tun th mt trong cc yu cu sau y:

a) t trn b hoc trong v lm bng vt liu chu c nhit m thit b in to ra, khng chy, c dn nhit thp v bn c;

b) c cch ly khi cc vt liu, vt dung lin k hoc cc phn t khc bng vt liu chu c nhit m thit b in to ra, khng chy, c dn nhit thp v c chiu dy bn c;

c) m bo khong cch ln n cc vt lin k hoc cc phn t khc cho php ta nhit an ton. Mi phng tin thit b in c kh nng to nhit b mt u phi c dn nhit thp.2.5.2.2 Khi thit k, lp t h thng in nh phi:

a) S dng loi dy dn c tit din, mc ti dng in ph hp vi quy nh ti 2.1.4.2;b) S dng RCD c dng tc ng ti a l 0,5 A;

c) m bo tng thch vi cc iu kin mi trng, tnh cht s dng, c im kin trc ca nh v cc yu cu v k thut an ton, phng chng chy. nhng ni c nguy c chy cao ng dn in v phng php lp t phi ph hp vi cc yu cu quy nh ti 2.1.4.2.

2.5.2.3 Thit b in, dy dn in c kh nng to h quang hoc tia la in trong vn hnh bnh thng, khi ni c nh phi p ng mt trong cc yu cu sau:

a) Bc kn ton b trong vt liu chu c h quang, tia la in, khng chy, c dn nhit thp v c bn c;

b) Cch ly khi vt dng hoc cc phn t ca nh bng vt liu chu c h quang, tia la in, khng chy, c dn nhit thp v c bn c;

c) Lp t vi mt khong cch m bo dp c h quang, tia la in.

2.5.2.4 Thit b in c kh nng gy ra tinh trang tp trung nhit hoc tch t nhit phi co khong cach ln n cc vt lin k hoc cc phn t ca nh trong iu kin vn hnh bnh thng khng tao ra nhit nguy him cho cc vt v phn t ca nh.

2.5.2.5 i vi cc thit b in c cha t 25 l cht lng d chy tr ln t cng mt ni phi thc hin cc bin php ngn chn chy cht lng v khng cho ngn la, khi, kh c do chy lan ta sang cc b phn khc ca nh; ct c in nhanh nht khi xy ra chy.

2.5.2.6 Cc vt liu c lp t che chn xung quanh thit b in phi l cc vt liu c dn nhit thp, kh chy, chu c nhit cao nht m thit b in c th to ra.2.5.3 Cc bin php bo v chng chy t bn ngoi 2.5.3.1 Cc v tr ca h thng in nh b nh hng cc iu kin chy t bn ngoi phi tun th cc yu cu c lin quan quy nh ti 2.5.1 v 2.5.2.2.5.3.2 Vic thit k, lp t h thng in nh phi p dng cc bin php bo v ph hp vi cc iu kin thot him an ton ca tng khu vc (khu vc c mt ngi thp, iu kin thot kh ky hiu la KV1; khu vc c mt ngi cao, iu kin thot d ky hiu la KV2; khu vc c mt ngi cao, iu kin thot kh ky hiu la KV3) trong cc trng hp khn cp.

ng dn in khng c lp t trn cc li thot him. Trng hp bt buc phi lp t th ng dn in phi:

a) C v bc hoc v che chn bo m trong hai gi khng b chy v gy chy;

b) Khng c nm trong phm vi gii hn th tch trong tm vi, tr khi c bo v chng cc h hng c c th xy ra khi thot him;

c) C chiu di ti thiu.

2.5.3.3 Trong cc khu vc KV2 v KV3, cc thit b ng ct, iu khin v bo v (tr cc thit b in phc v cho vic s tn, thot him) phi b tr sao cho ch nhng ngi c trch nhim mi tip cn c. Trng hp cc thit b ny lp t trong phm vi li i li, th chng phi c t trong t hoc hp kn bng cc vt liu khng chy hoc kh chy.

2.5.3.4 Trong cc khu vc KV2, KV3 v trong cc li thot him, khng c s dng cc thit b in c cha cc cht lng d chy, tr trng hp cc b phn ny c bc kn trong v hoc hp chng chy. Cc t in ph tr ring l lp t trong thit b khng thuc i tng iu chnh ca quy nh ny.

2.5.3.5 i vi khu vc c ri ro cao v chy:

a)Phi hn ch s dng thit b in khu vc ny. Trng hp dy dn bt buc phi i qua th phi c bc bng vt liu chng chy hoc c bin php phng nga khng gy ra chy hoc lm lan truyn ngn la. Cc mi ni dy dn nu bt buc phi c th phi t trong hp chng chy;

b) Phi co bin phap ngn nga tch t bi trn v ca dy dn v thit b in;

c) Phi s dng thit b in c kt cu hoc iu kin lp t sao cho mc sinh nhit lc vn hnh bnh thng hoc khi b s c khng th gy chy;

d) Khng c lp t thit b ng ct, bo v, iu khin v cch ly, tr khi c t trong v bc c cp bo v t nht l IP4X;

) Cc ng c c iu khin t ng hoc iu khin t xa hoc khng c s gim st vn hnh lin tc phi c bo v chng tng nhit qu mc bng cc thit b cm bin nhit ;

e) n in phi c v bc vi cp bo v t nht l IP4X. Bng n v cc phn t ca thit b chiu sng phi c bo v nhng ch d hng v c. Cc thit b bo v khng c c nh trn ui n, tr khi ui n c thit k cho mc ch ny;

g) Mch in phi c gim st lin tc bng thit b theo di cch in v c canh bo khi c s c cch in;

h) Phi m bo cho cc b phn mang in ca mch in c ELV nm trong v bc c cp bo v l IP2X hoc IPXXB v chu c in p th nghim c gi tr hiu dng 500 V trong 1 min;

i) Phi thc hin cc bin php bo m cho thit b in khng th gy chy cho tng, sn v trn cua nha;

k) Phi thc hin cc bin php ngn nga h thng in nh khng th gy chy lan i vi cc kt cu c hnh dng, kch thc d lan truyn ngn la.

2.5.4 Yu cu v bo v chng bng do in2.5.4.1 Nhit ca cc b phn chm ti c ca thit b in nm trong tm vi ca con ngi khng c t ti nhit c th gy bng cho ngi v c quy nh nh sau:

a) i vi phng tin cm tay thao tc m vt liu ca b mt chm ti c l kim loi th nhit khng c vt qu 55 0C v phi kim loi khng c vt qu 65 0C;

b) Cc b phn ca thit b c thit k chm vo, nhng khng cm tay m vt liu ca b mt chm ti c l kim loi th nhit khng c vt qu 70 0C v phi kim loi khng c vt qu 80 0C;

c) Cc b phn ca thit b khng cn phi chm vo trong vn hnh bnh thng m vt liu ca b mt c th chm ti c l kim loi th nhit khng c qu 80 0C v phi kim loi khng c qu 90 0C.

2.5.4.2 Tt c cc b phn ca h thng in nh c kh nng t ti nhit vt qu cc gii hn nu ti 2.5.4.1 u phi c bo v trnh tip xc ngu nhin gy bng cho ngi.2.5.5 Yu cu v bo v chng qu nhit nhng ni to nhit

2.5.5.1 Cc h thng sy nng khng kh cng bc phi p ng cc yu cu sau y:

a) Cc phn t gia nhit khng thuc b tch nhit trung tm khng c php hot ng nu cha c lung khng kh quy nh i qua v phi ct ra khi lung khng kh khng theo quy nh;

b) C hai thit b khng ch nhit hot ng c lp nhau ngn nga nhit vt qu gii hn cho php trong cc ng ng dn khng kh nng.2.5.5.2 Khung, v ca cc phn t gia nhit phi lm bng vt liu khng chy.

2.5.5.3 Cc thit b to nc nng hoc hi nng u phi c thit b, phng tin bo v chng qu nhit trong mi iu kin lm vic. Trng hp khng p ng yu cu ny th phi thc hin bo v chng qu nhit bng mt c cu khng t tr v, hot ng c lp vi b iu chnh nhit .

2.5.5.4 Thit b to nc nng hoc hi nng c hn ch u ra phi c thm c cu khng ch p sut nc bn trong.

2.6 Bo v chng qu dng in2.6.1 Cc yu cu chung

2.6.1.1 H thng in nh phi c thit b bo v ct c mi trng thi qu dng in chy trong cc dy dn trc khi gy ra nguy him do cc hiu ng nhit v c.

2.6.1.2 Dy dn ti in phi c bo v bng thit b c kh nng t ng ct ngun cp khi dy ny b qu ti v ngn mch, tr trng hp qu dng in c hn ch bng cc c tnh ca ngun cp.

2.6.2 Yu cu v bo v chng qu dng in 2.6.2.1 Phi cn c vo cc loi s ni t quy nh ti Ph lc xem xt, xc nh bin php bo v chng qu dng in.

2.6.2.2 Bo v dy phaThit b bo v chng qu dng in phi ct c dng in trong cc dy bi qu dng in v phi c lp t trn tt c cc dy pha. 2.6.2.3 Bo v dy trung tnha)i vi s TT v TN-S:

Trong trng hp tit din ca dy trung tnh nh hn tit din ca dy pha v dng in trong dy trung tnh vt qu dng in trong dy pha th phi lp t thit b bo v chng qu dng tng ng vi tit din ca dy trung tnh. Thit b bo v ny bt buc phi ct in cc dy pha, nhng khng nht thit phi ct in dy trung tnh. Trong mi trng hp, dy trung tnh phi c bo v chng dng in ngn mch.

b) i vi s IT:

Khi phi ko dy trung tnh theo dy pha th phi lp t bo v qu dng in cho dy ti in, bao gm c trung tnh ca mch in, tr trng hp:

+dy trung tnh ring r c bo v hiu qu bi thit b bo v ngn mch lp t pha ngun cp in hoc

+mch in ring r c bo v bi RCD, m dng in d nh mc khng vt qu 0,2 ln kh nng ti dng in ca dy trung tnh v RCD ct c ton b cc cc dy ti in, bao gm c dy trung tnh ca mch in tng ng;

2.6.3 Yu cu v bo v chng qu ti

2.6.3.1 Trong h thng in nh phi s dng thit b bo v chng qu ti p ng ng thi hai iu kin sau y:

IB In Iz (3)

v I2 1,45 x Iz (4)trong :

IB l dng in tnh ton thit k mch in (A);

In l dng in danh nh ca thit b bo v. i vi thit b bo v c th chnh c th dng in danh nh In l dng in chnh nh (A);

IZ l dng in ti lin tc lu di cho php ca dy dn (A);

I2 l dng in tc ng c hiu qu trong thi gian quy c ca thit b bo v (A). Dng I2 c quy nh ti tiu chun sn phm hoc do nh ch to cung cp.2.6.3.2 V tr lp t thit b bo v chng qu ti:

a) Thit b bo v chng qu ti phi c lp t ch c s thay i (tit din dy dn, vt liu dy dn, phng php lp t, kt cu) lm cho kh nng ti dng in cho php ca dy dn b gim i, tr cc trng hp quy nh ti im b ca 2.6.3.2 v ti 2.6.4.

b) Thit b bo v chng qu ti c th c lp t trn phn dy dn gia im c s thay i vi v tr lp t thit b bo v, nu trong phn dy dn ny khng c mch r, khng b tri cm v p ng mt trong hai iu kin sau y:

phn dy dn ny c bo v chng ngn mch ph hp vi quy nh ti 2.6.5;

phn dy dn ny c chiu di khng qu 3m, c ri ro ngn mch ti thiu, gim ri ro chy v nguy him cho ngi mc thp nht.

2.6.4 Yu cu v bo v chng qu ti i vi cc dy dn song song

2.6.4.1 Nu ch c mt thit b bo v cho nhiu dy dn song song th khng c c cc mch r, thit b cch ly hoc ng ct trn cc dy dn song song .

2.6.4.2 Trng hp ch c mt thit b bo v nhiu dy dn song song c dng in trong cc dy dn c coi l phn b u (nu chnh lch gia cc dng in trong cc dy dn bt k vi dng in thit k cho mi dy dn khng ln hn 10 %), th gi tr Iz nu ti 2.6.3.1 l tng kh nng ti dng in ca cc dy dn. 2.6.4.3 Trng hp phi s dng nhiu dy dn trong mt pha v dng in trong cc dy dn khng u nhau th dng in thit k v yu cu bo v qu ti cho mi dy phi c tnh ton c th v xem xt ring.

2.6.5 Yu cu v bo v chng ngn mch

2.6.5.1 Dng in ngn mch d kin tng im lin quan ca h thng in nh phi xc nh qua tnh ton hoc qua o lng.

2.6.5.2 V tr lp t thit b bo v chng ngn mcha) Thit b bo v chng ngn mch phi lp t ti v tr m tit din dy dn gim hoc co thay i no khc lam thay i dng in cho php trong dy dn, tr cc trng hp quy nh ti cc im b, c ca mc ny v ti 2.6.5.3.

b) Trng hp thit b bo v chng ngn mch lp t v tr khc vi v tr quy nh ti im a ca mc ny th trong phn dy dn (t v tr lp t thit b bo v n v tr c tit din gim hoc c s thay i khc) phi khng c mch r nhnh v cm, khng di hn 3 m, lp t theo cch gim thiu nguy c b ngn mch v khng gn vt d chy;

c) Trng hp lp t thit b bo v chng ngn mch pha trc v tr dy dn c thay i (tit din hoc thay i khc) th thit b phi c cc c tnh tc ng p ng yu cu bo v chng ngn mch ng dn in pha ti, ging nh trng hp c lp t pha sau.

2.6.5.3 Bo v chng ngn mch cc dy dn song songa)Trng hp s dng mt thit b bo v chng ngn mch cho nhiu dy dn u song song, th c tnh tc ng ca thit b bo v phi:

m bo tc ng hiu qu khi c s c xy ra im nguy him nht ca mt trong cc dy dn song song;

tnh n s phn b dng in ngn mch gia cc dy dn u song song v dng in c th i t c hai u ca dy dn song song n im s c.

b) Nu tc ng ca mt thit b bo v duy nht khng hiu qu, th phi s dng mt hay nhiu bin php sau y:

ng dn in philp t gim n mc thp nht ri ro ngn mch bt k dy dn no v nguy c chy;

i vi mch c hai dy dn u song song th phi s dng thit b bo v chng ngn mch u pha ngun cp in ca tng dy dn;

i vi mch in c s dy dn u song song nhiu hn 2, cc thit b bo v chng ngn mch phi lp t c hai u pha ngun cp v pha ph ti ca tng dy dn.

2.6.5.4 Thit b bo v chng ngn mch phi p ng cc c tnh sau:

a)Dng ct ca mi thit b bo v chng ngn mch khng c nh hn dng ngn mch d kin ch t thit b bo v chng ngn mch, tr cc trng hp sau y:

pha ngun cp in c mt thit b bo v khc c kh nng ct cn thit; nng lng cho qua bi hai thit b ny khng c vt qu nng lng m thit b pha ph ti v dy dn c bo v c th chu ng c;

i vi thit b pha ph ti, ngoi nng lng cho qua, phi tnh n chi tit cc c tnh khc theo quy nh ca nh ch to;

b)i vi cp v dy dn c cch in th tt c dng in do ngn mch gy ra mt im bt k ca mch in phi c ct trc khi cch in ca dy dn nng ti gii hn nhit cho php;

c)Khi thi gian tc ng ca thit b bo v < 0,1 s, mc khng i xng ca dng in cao v c thit b hn ch dng in th gi tr (kxS)2 phi ln hn nng lng cho qua (I2xt). Gi tr (kxS)2 do nh ch to quy nh.

i vi thi gian ngn mch ko di n 5 s, thi gian t nhit ca cc dy dn tng t nhit cho php cao nht trong ch bnh thng n nhit gii hn c th c xc nh gn ng theo cng thc (5) trong : t l thi gian ngn mch (s);

k l h s tnh n in tr sut, h s nhit , nhit dung ca vt liu dy dn, nhit ban u v cui cng tng ng. i vi cch in thng dng ca dy dn, gi tr ca h s k quy nh ti Ph lc H; S l tit din ca dy dn (mm2);

I l dng in ngn mch hiu dng (A).

d) i vi h thng thanh ci dng in chu ngn mch danh nh c iu kin khng c nh hn dng in ngn mch tnh ton.2.6.6 Yu cu v phi hp bo v chng qu ti v chng ngn mch

2.6.6.1 Bo v bng cng mt thit b (chng qu ti ng thi chng ngn mch) phi p ng ng thi cc quy nh nu ti 2.6.3 v 2.6.5.

2.6.6.2 Bo v bng cc thit b ring bita)Thit b bo v chng qu ti phi p ng cc quy nh nu ti 2.6.3. Thit b bo v chng ngn mch phi p ng cc quy nh nu ti 2.6.5.

b)Phi phi hp cc c tnh ca thit b sao cho nng lng m thit b bo v chng ngn mch cho qua khng vt qu nng lng m thit b chng qu ti chu c.

2.6.7 Hn ch qu dng bng cc c tnh ca ngun cp in

Cc dy dn c coi l c bo v chng qu ti v chng ngn mch khi chng c cp in t ngun in khng c kh nng to ra mt dng in vt qu kh nng ti ca dy dn nh my bin p cch ly, my bin p ca chung in, my bin p hn, mt s loi my pht in (chay xng, du diesel). 2.7 Bo v chng nhiu in p v nhiu in t 2.7.1 Yu cu v bao v chng qua in ap tam thi do cham t

2.7.1.1 Phi thc hin cc bin php gim thiu nh hng n h thng in nh ca in p s c tn s cng nghip (l in p gia cc v kim loi ca thit b v t, k hiu l Uf) v cc in p chu ng (cn gi l in p ng sut stress voltage) tn s cng nghip (l in p gia dy dn pha vi v kim loi ca thit b ti trm bin p, k hiu l U1 v gia dy dn pha vi v kim loi ca thit b trong h thng in nh, k hiu l U2) khi c s c ngn mch pha cao p (th hin ti Ph lc I) . 2.7.1.2 Tr s v thi gian tn ti ca Uf khng c ln hn tr s in p c xc nh bi ng cong Uf(t) ti Ph lc K .

2.7.1.3 Tr s v thi gian tn ti ca U1 v U2 khng c ln hn tr s cho trong Bng K.1 ca Ph lc K.

2.7.1.4 Trng hp U1 v U2 ln hn cc tr s nu trong Bng K.1 ca Ph lc K th phi thc hin cc bin php sau:

a)Tch bit ni t gia cao p v h p ti trm bin p phn phi;b)Thay i s ni t trong h thng in h p;c)Gim in tr ni t trm bin p.

2.7.2 Yu cu i vi bo v chng qu in p xung

2.7.2.1 in p chu xung danh nh ca thit b in khng c nh hn mc in p chu xung yu cu quy nh ti Ph lc L.

2.7.2.2 Cc thit b in im u ca h thng in nh (t t phn phi in chnh) phi c kh nng chu in p xung cp IV (qu in p cp IV) vi bin ln.

2.7.2.3 Cc thit b ng ct, dy dn, thanh gp, hp ni ca h thng in nh lp t c nh t t phn phi in chnh n cc thit b v pha ti phi c kh nng chu in p xung cp III (qu in p cp III).

2.7.2.4 Thit b s dng in lp t c nh khng c yu cu c bit v sn sng phi c kh nng chu in p xung cp II (qu in p cp II).

2.7.2.5 Cc thit b c cha mch in t, trong cc bin php bo v phi c thc hin ngoi thit b v khng c u ni c nh vo li in cng cng phi c kh nng chu in p xung cp I (qu in p cp I).

2.7.2.6 Phi lp t thit b bo v chng qu in p ngn chn cc hu qu lin quan n sinh mng con ngi, dch v cng cng, cc hot ng thng mi.

2.7.2.7 Trng hp h thng in nh c cp in t mt h thng c ng dy trn khng (tr cc cp c v bc v c lp bo v kim loi ni t) v s ngay ging set ln hn 25 ngy/nm th phi lp t thit b chng qu in p kh quyn vi mc bo v khng c cao hn mc qu in p cp II.

2.7.3 Yu cu v bo v chng st in p

2.7.3.1 Phi c bin php phng nga thch hp trong trng hp st hoc mt in p v sau phc hi tr li, c th gy ra nguy him cho ngi v thit b.

2.7.3.2 Khi ng in tr li m gy nguy him th khng c ng t ng.

2.7.4 Cc bin php chng nh hng in t

2.7.4.1 Cc bin php gim nh hng in t gm:

a)V bc kim loi ca dy cp phi c ni lin kt vi lin kt ng th chung;

b)Trnh kh nng h cm gia cc mch in, mch tn hiu v mch d liu;

c)Cp in v cp tn hiu phi c t tch bit vi nhau v mt in t v nu thc t cho php th t vung gc vi nhau;

d)S dng cp nhiu rut i xng ni in gia b bin tn vi ng c c iu chnh tc ;

) Cp in v cp tn hiu phi c t cch bit vi dy dn xung t ca LPS (l dy dn to ra mch c in tr thp ni b phn thu st vi mng ni t sao cho dng in st c dn xung t mt cch an ton) hoc ngn cch bng mn chn t (magnetic shield);

e) Khi chuyn i ngun cp ca h thng TN-S phi dng thit b ng ct ng thi ba dy pha v dy trung tnh;

g) Khi chuyn i ngun mt pha, phi dng thit b ng ct ng thi dy pha v dy trung tnh.

2.7.4.2 Phi s dng ni t v lin kt ng th chng nhiu in t cho mch in c s lng ln thit b thng tin, ng dng quan trng.2.8 Bo v chng st

2.8.1 Cc yu cu chung

2.8.1.1 LPS (gm LPS bn trong v LPS bn ngoi) phi p ng yu cu bo v chng st nh trc tip vo nh.

2.8.1.2 Phi cn c vo v tr c kh nng b st nh v mc thit hi do st nh quyt nh s cn thit chng st cho nh.2.8.1.3 Phi tn dng cc kt cu kim loi ca cng trnh cho LPS gim chi ph, nhng khng c lm nh hng n cht lng v m quan ca cng trnh.

2.8.1.4 Ton b to nh phi c bo v bng mt LPS kt ni hon chnh vi nhau, khng c b phn no ca cng trnh c tch ra bo v ring.

2.8.2 LPS bn ngoi

2.8.2.1 Vng bo v c xc nh theo phng php qu cu ln. Trng hp chiu cao nh thp hn 20m, th xc nh theo phng php gc bo v.

2.8.2.2 LPS bn ngoi gm cc b phn: thu st, dy dn xung t v mng ni t chng st (gm cc in cc ngang hoc ng c lin kt vi nhau).

2.8.2.3 Phi s dng LPS cch ly v nhit vi nh khi c kh nng xy ra pht nhit v chy n ti ni thu v dn st.

2.8.2.4 Phi b tr b phn thu st (l cc kim thu st hoc li thu st hoc kt hp c hai) p ng cc yu cu sau y:a) t ti cc v tr trn cng trnh khng nm trong vng bo v c xc nh theo cc phng php ti 2.8.2.1;

b) Trng hp mi nh lm bng vt liu d chy th phi t cch mi ti thiu 0,1m, i vi mi r l 0,15m.

2.8.2.5 Dy dn xung t phi p ng cc yu cu sau y:

a) S dy dn xung t khng t hn 02 v b tr cch u nhau theo chu vi (ph hp vi hnh dng kin trc) ca nh;b)Khong cch ln nht gia cc dy dn xung t thc hin theo quy nh ti Bng 5;Bng 5 - Khong cch ln nht gia cc dy dn xung t theo cp ca PLS

Cp ca LPS(a)IIIIIIIV

Khong cch ln nht gia

cc dy dn xung tm10101520

(a) Cp ca LPS c xc nh theo mc bo v quy nh ti 8.2 ca TCVN 9888-1:2013

c) Dy dn xung t phi i theo ng ngn nht xung t;d)Dy dn xung t phi t cch cc b mt d chy ca cng trnh ti thiu 0,1 m.

2.8.2.6 Mng ni t chng st phi p ng cc yu cu sau y:

a) in tr ni t khng ln hn 10 (.

b) Trng hp mng ni t c s dng chung cho LPS v cc thit b khc, in tr ni t phi ph hp vi cc thit b lin quan.

c) Phi c kh nng cch ly c vi cc dy dn xung t v phi b tr mt in cc ni t tham chiu o v kim tra. im kt ni vi mng ni t phi c kh nng tip cn c t trn mt t thun tin cho vic kim tra v bo dng LPS.

2.8.2.7 Vt liu v kch thc cc phn t ca LPS bn ngoi phi ph hp vi cc yu cu quy nh ti Ph lc M.

2.8.3 LPS bn trong

2.8.3.1 LPS bn trong gm cc phn t ca mng lin kt ng th, SPD, cc mn chn t.

2.8.3.2 LPS bn trong phi c thc hin bng mt trong cc gii php sau:

a) Cch ly v in gia LPS bn ngoi vi cc phn t c kh nng dn in khng thuc h thng in nh theo quy nh ti 6.3 ca TCVN 9888-3:2013;b) Lin kt ng th chng st bng cch ni lin thng LPS vi: cc kt cu kim loi; cc h thng bn trong nh; cc dy dn v b phn dn bn ngoi ni vo nh.

2.8.3.3 Cc gii php chng st khc

a) S dng mn chn t lm suy gim in t trng ca xung st;b) S dng SPD hoc khe phng in hn ch qu in p qu v qu dng t bin.

2.8.4 To nh cao trn 60 m

2.8.4.1 Phi lp t b phn thu st bo v phn chiu cao pha trn 60 m ca to nh v thit b lp t trn (c bit phn 20 % trn cng chiu cao to nh khi phn ny nm cao cch mt t qu 60 m).

2.8.4.2 V tr lp t b phn thu st phn cao trn 60 m ca to nh phi p ng mc bo v chng st ti thiu l cp IV.

2.8.4.3 Trng hp tn dng cc kt cu kim loi c sn bn ngoi nh lm b phn thu st th kch thc ca chng phi p ng cc yu cu quy nh ti Ph lc M. 2.8.5 Nh c cha cc vt liu d chy n hoc c cc khu vc nguy him (hazardous areas)

Bo v chng st ca nh c cha cc vt liu d chy n v nh c cc khu vc nguy him phi p ng cc yu cu nu ti cc Ph lc D.4 v D.5 ca TCVN 9888-3:2013.

2.8.6 Nh c ng ten

ng ten t trn mi nh phi nm trong vng bo v ca LPS v phi c lin kt vi LPS.

2.8.7 Lp dng kt cu

Trong qu trnh lp dng kt cu, tt c cc mng thp ln v nh ln phi c ni t mt cch c hiu qu. T khi bt u tin hnh lp t LPS phi duy tr vic ni t lin tc.

2.9 u ni cc ngun in ring

2.9.1 Cc yu cu chung

2.9.1.1 Khi u ni ngun in ring (ngoi li in cng cng) vo h thng in nh phi p ng cc yu cu v an ton.

2.9.1.2 Vic u ni ngun in ring c quy nh cho cc trng hp sau y:

a)H thng in nh khng ni vi li in cng cng;b)Ngun in ring lm ngun in d phng cho ngun cp in bnh thng;c)Ngun in ring lm vic song song vi nhau hoc vi li in cng cng;d)Kt hp cc trng hp trn.

2.9.2 Yu cu an toan khi cp in t cc ngun in ring

2.9.2.1 Tn s, in p, th t pha ca ngun in ring u ni vo h thng in nh phi ph hp vi tn s, in p v th t pha (i vi ngun in ba pha) ca h thng in nh. Khi a cc ngun in vo lm vic song song th phi p ng thm iu kin v gc lch pha gia in p ca cc ngun.

2.9.2.2 Dng ngn mch, dng chm t d kin v thit b bo v chng ngn mch trong h thng in nh phi ph hp vi tng trng hp nu ti 2.9.1.2.

2.9.2.3 Phi c bin php ct gim mt phn ph ti ca h thng in nh khi ngun in ring b qu ti.

2.9.3 Bin php an ton khi chuyn sang ngun in d phng

2.9.3.1 Ngun in d phng l ngun in duy tr cp in cho ton b hoc mt phn ca h thng in nh khi ngun cp in bnh thng b gin on.

2.9.3.2 Phi c bin php phng chng thao tc nhm khi chuyn i ngun in.

2.9.4 Yu cu v tach dy trung tinh

Dy trung tnh ca ngun in d phng phi c lp t tch bit vi dy trung tnh ca ngun in bnh thng.

2.9.5 Bo v qu ti i vi my pht in d phng cho bm cha chy

Thit b bo v qu ti ca my pht in d phng cho bm cha chy ch c a tn hiu cnh bo bng chung hoc ci, khng c t ng ct in ca my pht in ny.

2.10 Trang b in trong cc khu vc c bit 2.10.1 Yu cu chung H thng in nh trong nhng khu vc c bit (l khu vc c hot ng c bit hoc c iu kin c bit) phi p ng tt c cc yu cu ca Quy chun ny vi cc b sung hoc thay i quy nh ti cc mc t 2.10.2 n 2.10.6.2.10.2 Yu cu i vi khu vc c bn tm hoc vi hoa sen

2.10.2.1 H thng in nh ti ni t bn tm, vi hoa sen v khng gian ln cn phi c thit k, lp t ph hp vi yu cu v m bo an ton in.

2.10.2.2 Vic phn loi thnh ba vng 0, 1 v 2 theo mc nguy him v in quy nh ti cc Hnh N.1 v N.2 ca Ph lc N.

2.10.2.3 Khi s dng ELV c cp t ngun SELV v PELV, phi bo v chng tip xc trc tip vi tt c cc thit b in bng tm chn hay v ngoi c cp bo v ti thiu l IPXXB hoc IP2X; bc cch in chu c in p th nghim c gi tr hiu dng 500 V xoay chiu trong 1 min. Khng cho php bo v chng tip xc trc tip bng chng ngi vt hoc t ngoi gii hn th tch trong tm vi.

2.10.2.4 Phi thc hin cc bin php bo v b sung bng lin kt ng th ph, s dng RCD vi dng tc ng danh nh khng ln hn 30 mA cho tt c cc mch in, tr trng hp mch in c cch ly v in ch cp in cho mt thit b duy nht v s dng ngun SELV hoc PELV.

2.10.2.5 Cp bo v ca thit b in (theo Ph lc B) lp t trong vng 0 phi l IPX7; trong cc vng 1 v 2 l IPX4. Trng hp trong cc vng 1 v 2 m tia nc c th phun vo th phi l IPX5.

2.10.2.6 ng dn in cp cho cc thit b t trong cc vng 0, 1, 2 phi thc hin nh sau:

a) Chn ngm trong tng su ti thiu 5 cm;

b) i ngang hoc thng ng ngoi tng, sau xuyn qua tng pha sau thit b.

2.10.2.7 Thit b ng ct v iu khin khng c t trong vng 0.

2.10.2.8 Trong vng 1 ph kin, k c cm ca mch in c cp t ngun SELV hoc ngun PELV phi c in p danh nh khng ln hn 25 V. Ngun cp phi t ngoi cc vng 0 v 1.

2.10.2.9 Trong vng 2 ph kin, k c cm ca mch in phi c cp t ngun SELV hoc ngun PELV. Ngun cp phi t ngoi cc vng 0 v 1.

2.10.2.10 Thit b s dng in trong vng 0 phi p ng ng thi cc iu kin sau:

a)Theo hng dn ca nh ch to;

b)u ni c nh v lu di;

c)S dng ELV t ngun SELV.2.10.2.11 Thit b s dng in trong vng 1 phi p ng ng thi cc iu kin sau:

a)Theo hng dn ca nh ch to;

b)u ni c nh v lu di.

2.10.3 Yu cu i vi b bi v i phun nc2.10.3.1 H thng in nh ti ni c b bi, i phun nc v cc khu vc ln cn, ti nguy c b in git tng ln phi c thit k, lp t ph hp vi cc yu cu v an ton in.

2.10.3.2 Vic phn loi thnh ba vng 0, 1 v 2 theo mc nguy him v in quy nh ti cc Hnh N.3, N.4 v N.5 ca Ph lc N.2.10.3.3 Khng c p dng bin php s dng vt cn, t ngoi gii hn th tch trong tm vi bo v chng in git do tip xc trc tip. Khng c dng bin php bo v bng sn, tng khng dn in, mch vng ng th khng ni t, mch in tch bit cp in cho nhiu thit b s dng in.

2.10.3.4 Phi ni tt c cc phn t dn in bn ngoi vo dy PE ca cc v kim loi ca thit b in t trong cc vng 0, 1, 2 (vng ng th b sung ti ch). Trong vng 0 v 1 ca cc b bi phi s dng ELV khng ln hn 12 V t ngun SELV t ngoi vng 0 v 1. Cc trng hp khc phi s dng in p siu thp, ngun t ngoi cc vng 0 v 1 v ch cp cho mt thit b duy nht, hoc t ng ct in bng RCD dng in tc ng khng ln hn 30 mA, hoc bng mch in tch bit trong vng 0 v 1 ca cc i phun nc v vng 2 ca cc b bi.2.10.3.5 Khng c dng ngun PELV cho bo v bng ELV. Khi s dng ngun SELV, phi bo v chng tip xc trc tip vi tt c cc thit b in bng tm chn hay v ngoi c cp bo v ti thiu l IP2X hoc IPXXB; bc cch in chu c in p th nghim c gi tr hiu dng l 500 V xoay chiu trong 1 min. 2.10.3.6 Phi ni dy bo v mch vng ng th ca tt c cc phn t dn in bn ngoi h thng in nh c kh nng a in th t ngoi vo cc vng 0, 1, 2 vi dy PE ca v kim loi ca thit b t trong cc vng .

2.10.3.7 Phi s dng thit b in c cp bo v ti thiu tng ng vi m IP (IP code) nh quy nh ti Bng 6. Bng 6 M IP ca thit b in

VngNgoi tri c phun nc khi lm v sinhNgoi tri khng phun ncTrong nh, c phun nc khi lm v sinhTrong nh, khng phun nc

0IPX5 v IPX8IPX8IPX5 v IPX8IPX8

1IPX5IPX4IPX5IPX4

2IPX5IPX4IPX5IPX2

2.10.3.8 ng dn ina)Trong cc vng 0, 1 v 2, cc ng dn in khng c c v bc bng kim loi c kh nng tip xc vo; cc v bc bng kim loi khng c kh nng tip xc vo phi ni vi vng ng th ph.b)Trong cc vng 0 v 1 khng c t cc ng dn in cp in cho cc thit b bn ngoi cc vng .c)Phi chn ngm su ti thiu 5 cm, hoc bo v bng mt RCD, dng in tc ng khng ln hn 30 mA, hoc dng ngun SELV, hoc dng mch in tch bit i vi cc mch in t trong vng 2 hoc trn tng, trn, sn gii hn cc vng cp in cho cc thit b t ngoi cc vng .

d)Phi dng cc loi cp c nh ch to xc nhn c th thng xuyn tip xc vi nc lp t cho cc i phun nc.)Trong cc i phun nc khng c d kin cho ngi i vo, cc cp hoc dy dn trong cc ng phi kim loi cp in cho cc thit b t vng 0 phi t trn b b nc, cch b nc khong xa nht c th v i n thit b bng con ng ngn nht; cp v dy dn lun trong ng phi kim loi t trong vng 0 v 1 phi c bo v c thch hp.e) Khng c b tr cc hp ni trong vng 0. Trong vng 1 ch c dng hp ni cho mch in t ngun SELV.

2.10.3.9 Thit b ng ct, iu khin a)Khng c lp t thit b ng ct, iu khin trong vng 0;b)Trng hp t thit b ng ct, iu khin, cm trong vng 1 th phi dng mch in t ngun SELV v phi t ngun cp in ngoi vng 0 v 1; nu t ngun cp in trong vng 2, mch cp in cho ngun cp in ny phi c bo v bng RCD, dng in tc ng khng ln hn 30 mA;c)Trng hp t thit b ng ct, iu khin, cm trong vng 2 th phi bo v bng mt trong cc bin php sau: - s dng ngun SELV v phi t ngun cp in ngoi vng 0, 1; Nu t ngun cp in vng 2, mch cp in cho ngun ny phi c bo v bng RCD, dng in tc ng khng ln hn 30 mA; -t ng ct ngun cp in cng vi bo v b sung s dng RCD, dng in tc ng khng ln hn 30 mA;

-s dng mch in tch bit, c cp in ring r bi mt ngun tch bit, t ngoi vng 0, 1 v nu ngun cp cho mch tch bit t trong vng 2, mch cp in cho ngun ny phi c bo v bng RCD, dng in tc ng khng ln hn 30 mA.

2.10.3.10 Cc thit b khc ca b bi

a) Cc thit b s dng in trong vng 0 v 1 phi l thit b chuyn dng cho b bi v c lp t c nh.b) Cc thit b lm v sinh b bi u ni c nh, s dng trong vng 0, 1 phi c cp in t ngun SELV in p khng ln hn 12 V, vi ngun cp in t ngoi vng 0 v 1; Nu ngun cp in t trong vng 2, phi thc hin theo quy nh ti im c ca 2.10.3.10.c) Bm cp nc hoc thit b in chuyn dng cho b bi t trong phng bm st cnh b bi v c th tip cn qua mt cnh ca phi c bo v bng mt trong cc cch sau y:

-s dng ngun SELV, in p khng ln hn 12 V, ngun t ngoi vng 0, 1 v nu ngun t vng 2, phi thc hin theo quy nh ti 2.10.3.10;

-dng mch in tch bit, vi cc iu kin sau:

+my bm hoc cc thit b khc ni vi b bi dng ng nc khng dn in;

+phng bm ch c th m ca c bng cha kha hoc dng c;

+tt c mi thit b in t trong phng bm c cp bo v ti thiu l IPX5 hay c v bo v cng cp ny;-t ng ct ngun cp in v ng thi thc hin cc iu kin sau: +ng ni t my bm (hay thit b khc) vo b bi phi s dng loi lm bng vt liu khng dn in, trng hp ng ni bng kim loi th phi c ni vi vng ng th ca b bi; +ca ca phng bm ch c th m c bng cha kha hoc bng dng c; +cc thit b in t trong phng bm phi c cp bo v ti thiu l IPX5 hay c v bo v cp ny; +phi b tr vng ng th b sung; +thit b in phi c bo v bng RCD, dng in tc ng khng ln hn 30 mA;

d) B n tip xc vi nc, chiu sng di nc ca b bi phi ph hp vi tiu chun t di nc. B n t trong hc kn nc thnh b c cp in v thao tc t pha sau, phi lp t sao cho khng to mch dn in d v tnh hay hu gia v ca n vi cc b phn dn in ca hc t n.

2.10.3.11 Cc thit b in cc vng 0 v 1 ca i phun nc phi c thit k v lp t khng th chm vo c.

2.10.3.12 Yu cu c bit i vi vic lp t thit b in h p trong vng 1 ca b bia) Cc thit b c nh chuyn dng cho b bi, c cp in bng in h p phi p ng ng thi cc iu kin sau:-c v bc tng ng vi mt cch in b sung v c bo v chng va p;

-quy nh ti 2.10.3.11;

-khi m ca ni t thit b phi t ng ct mch ca mi dy dn cp in cho cc thit b t bn trong; cp v cc phng tin ct mch in phi c cch in cp 2 hoc tng ng.

b) Cc n chiu sng c cp in t ngun khc vi SELV 12 V lp t trn tng hoc trn trong vng 1 ca cc b bi khng c vng 2 phi c mch in c bo v bng cch t ng ct ngun in v c bo v b sung bng RCD, dng in tc ng khng ln hn 30 mA v cao ca b phn thp nht ca n phi cch gii hn di ca vng 1 t nht l 2 m.2.10.3.13 Si sn v trn:

Cc phn t si in chn ngm di sn phi c bo v bng mt trong hai bin php sau y:

a) SELV c ngun cp in t ngoi vng 0 v 1. Nu t trong vng 2 th phi thc hin theo quy nh ti 2.10.3.10;

b) T ng ct ngun cp in. Phn t si phi c ph bi mt li hoc tm kim loi chn ngm v ni vi vng ng th ph; mch cp in phi c bo v b sung bng RCD, dng in tc ng khng ln hn 30 mA.

2.10.4 Yu cu i vi phng hoc cabin c cha phn t gia nhit sinh hi

2.10.4.1 Phi c bin php bo m an ton i vi h thng in nh cp in cho cc cabin sinh hi lp t ti ch v cc phng c t phn t gia nhit sinh hi hoc cc my un nng sinh hi (sau y gi chung l phng sinh hi).

2.10.4.2 Khng p dng cc yu cu ca 2.10.4 cho cc cabin sinh hi ch to sn. Khu vc c lp t bn tm hoc vi hoa sen nc lnh th thc hin theo quy nh ti 2.10.2.2.10.4.3 Vic phn loi thnh ba vng 1, 2 v 3 theo mc nguy him v in quy nh ti Hnh N.6 ca Ph lc N. 2.10.4.4 Bin php m bo an tona) Khi s dng ngun SELV v ngun PELV bo v th vic bo v chng tip xc trc tip cho mi thit b in phi thc hin bng mt trong hai bin php sau y:

s dng ro chn hoc v bc c cp bo v ti thiu l IPXXB hoc IP2X;

s dng loi c cch in chu c in p th nghim hiu dng 500 V xoay chiu trong 1 min;

b) Khng c p dng bin php bo v chng tip xc trc tip bng vt cn, bng cch t ngoi phm vi gii hn th tch trong tm vi;

c) Phi c bo v b sung cho tt c cc mch in ca phng sinh hi, tr phn t gia nhit sinh hi hoc my un nng sinh hi, bng cch s dng mt hoc nhiu RCD, dng in tc ng khng ln hn 30 mA;

d) Khng c s dng cc bin php bo v chng tip xc gin tip bng sn, tng khng dn in v bng vng ng th khng ni t.

2.10.4.5 Cc thit b in phi c cp bo v ti thiu l IP24. Nu d kin vic lm v sinh bng tia nc phun th cc thit b in phi c cp bo v ti thiu l IPX5.

2.10.4.6 Trong vng 1 khng c t cc thit b in, tr phn t gia nhit sinh hi hoc my un nng sinh hi. Trong vng 3 thit b lp t phi chu c nhit ti thiu l 125 0C v lp cch in ca dy dn chu c nhit ti thiu l 170 0C.2.10.4.7 Trng hp bt buc phi t trong cc vng 1 v 3 th ng dn in phi chu c nhit quy nh ti 2.10.4.6; cc ng kim loi v v kim loi ca cp phi c thit k v lp t sao cho khng th chm vo khi lm vic bnh thng.

2.10.4.8 Cc thit b ng ct v iu khin phi lp t ngoi phng sinh hi hoc cabin sinh hi, tr trng hp cc thit b ng ct v iu khin ny l mt b phn ca phn t gia nhit sinh hi hoc my un nng sinh hi hoc ca cc thit b khc lp c nh trong vng 2 theo hng dn ca nh ch to.2.10.4.9 Khng c b tr cm in bn trong phng sinh hi.

2.10.5 Yu cu i vi khu vc y t

2.10.5.1 H thng in nh ti cc khu vc y t (l ni tip nhn, thm khm, cha tr, x l thm m, theo di v chm sc bnh nhn) v cc bnh vin th y phi p ng cc yu cu v an ton in. Quy nh ny khng p dng cho cc thit b in y t.2.10.5.2 Phi thc hin cc bin php bo m an ton in cho ba nhm ca khu vc y t gm:

a) Nhm 0 la khu vc y t khng s dng b phn p st (la b phn ca thit b in y t khi lm vic bnh thng nht thit phi tip xc vt l vi bnh nhn, hoc c th a vo tip xc vi bnh nhn, hoc bnh nhn cn chm vo).

b) Nhm 1 la khu vc y t c s dng cc b phn p st bn ngoi c th bnh nhn hoc a su vo bt k b phn no ca c th bnh nhn;

c) Nhm 2 la khu vc y t c s dng b phn p st cho nhng cng vic sinh t m nu mt in s gy ra nguy him n tnh mng ca bnh nhn.

2.10.5.3 H thng in nh ti khu vc y t phi p ng yu cu chuyn i cc ph ti u tin t ngun in bnh thng sang ngun in d phng.

2.10.5.4 Bin php m bo an tona) Bin php bo v bng bc cch in hoc ro chn l bin php ch yu.

b) Trng hp s dng SELV v PELV trong cc khu vc cc nhm 1 v 2 th in p danh nh ca cc thit b in khng c vt qu 25 V. Trong cc khu vc nhm 2, cc v kim loi ca thit b phi ni vo vng ng th.c) Bin php bo v bng vt cn v bng cch t ngoi gii hn th tch trong tm vi khng c p dng.d) Gii hn in p an ton c chp nhn khng ln hn 25 V.) Mch in cui cng ca s TN-S trong khu vc thuc nhm 1 vi dng in n 32 A phi c RCD vi dng in tc ng khng ln hn 30 mA. Trong cc khu vc thuc nhm 2, khng c dng RCD vi dng in tc ng khng qu 30 mA tr cc mch in cp cho bn m; cc thit b X quang di ng c a vo khu vc thuc nhm 2; cc thit b c cng sut danh nh ln hn 5 kVA; cc thit b khng quan trng (khng lin quan n duy tr s sng ca con ngi). Trong cc khu vc thuc nhm 1 v 2 khng c dng cc RCD ngoi loi A v B;

e) i vi s TT: Trong cc khu vc thuc nhm 1 v 2 phi thc hin mi quy nh nu ti im ca 2.10.5.5 v trong tt c cc trng hp u phi dng RCD;g) i vi s IT: Phi dng s IT cho cc mch cp in cho cc thit b in y t c tnh cht quyt nh n sinh mng ca bnh nhn, cc thit b phu thut v thit b trong khng gian xung quanh bnh nhn (l khng gian m bnh nhn c th chm trc tip hoc qua ngi khc chm vo cc b phn ca thit b in y t) trong cc khu vc thuc nhm 2 (ngoi nhng thit b thuc nhm 2 nu ti im ca 2.10.5.5).

Mi nhm phng c cng mt chc nng phi dng mt s IT ring bit. Trong s IT phi c thit b gim st cch in p ng cc yu cu sau:

tng tr trong xoay chiu ti thiu ca thit b gim st phi bng 100 k;

in p o ca thit b gim st khng c ln hn 25 V mt chiu;

dng in o, ngay c khi c s c cng khng c ln hn 1 mA;

khi in tr cch in ca mch in c gim st gim xung cn 50 k th thit b gim st phi cnh bo; phi c thit b th nghim.

Mi s IT dng trong khu vc y t phi c tn hiu cnh bo bng m thanh v nh sng t ti ch nhn vin ca n v y t c th gim st c; Phi c b phn kim sot qu ti v nhit my bin p chuyn dng cho y t trong s IT;

h)Trong mi khu vc y t thuc nhm 1 v 2 phi c vng ng th ph trong khng gian xung quanh bnh nhn.

2.10.5.5 Cc yu cu i vi thit b in trong cc khu vc y t thc hin theo 710.5 ca TCVN 7447-7-710:2006.2.10.5.6 Vic kim tra khi a vo s dng v kim tra nh k thc hin theo 710.6 ca TCVN 7447-7-710:2006.2.10.6 Yu cu i vi trang b in cho chiu sng bng ELV2.10.6.1 Bo v chng in git v bo v chng qu dng:

a) H thng chiu sng bng ELV phi s dng t ngun SELV;

b) Ngun cp cho ngun SELV phi lp t c nh. Cc my bin p trong mch th cp lm vic song song phi c mc song song trong mch s cp v c c tnh v in ging ht nhau. Khi cc my bin p vn hnh song song th mch s cp phi c ni c nh vi thit b cch ly chung cch ly v ng ct;

c) Mch SELV phi c bo v chng qu dng bng thit b bo v chung hoc thit b bo v dng cho tng mch SELV.

2.10.6.2 Bo v chng chy:

a) n v cc ph kin ca n phi c thit k, lp t sao cho trnh nguy him v nhit cho cc vt liu v mi trng xung quanh;

b) Cc thit b, dy dn ca h thng chiu sng bng ELV phi p ng cc yu cu v chng chy.

c) Phi tun th cc hng dn ca nh ch to, k c hng dn v lp t trn cc b mt d chy hoc khng chy;

d) My bin p phi chu c ngn mch v c bo v pha s cp ph hp vi cc yu cu sau:

- gim st lin tc dng in ca cc n;

- t ng ct mch cp in trong vng 0,3 s nu cng sut ca mch vt qu 60 W;

- khi c h hng vn m bo an ton.2.10.6.3 H thng ng dn in cho chiu sng bng ELV phi:

a) t dy dn trong ng, hp;

b) Ph hp vi yu cu ca h thng chiu sng bng n si nung;

c) Ph hp vi yu cu ca h thng ray tip xc dng cho chiu sng;

d) Khng s dng phn kt cu ca nh lm vt dn in.

2.10.6.4 Tit din dy dn phi p ng cc yu cu sau:

a) Dy dn ni vi u ra ca ngun cp in (my bin p hoc b chuyn i) ph hp vi dng in ti;

b) Trng hp treo n chiu sng trn dy dn ni vi u ra ca ngun cp in th tit din ti thiu theo bn c l 4 mm2.

2.10.6.5 Thit b cch ly, ng ct, bo v v cc thit b khc s dng trong h thng chiu sng bng ELV phi p ng cc yu cu sau:

a) B tr v tr d tip cn;

b) C bin bo v ni lp t thit b bo v;

c) C nhn mc hoc bin nhn dng mch in v mc ch bo v;

d) Lp t c nh v tr trn gi hoc tng t;

) S dng n in tit kim nng lng, p ng yu cu v ri, an ton;

e) Thit b bo v lp c nh trong mch in;g) Ngun SELV v thit b bo v ca n phi c lp t sao cho:

- trnh tc ng c trong u ni in;

- c chng hoc m bo an ton;

- khng b qu nhit do cch nhit.

3. QUY NH V QUN L

3.1 Kim tra

3.1.1 Cc yu cu chung

3.1.1.1 H thng in nh phi c kim tra khi a vo s dng v kim tra nh k.

3.1.1.2 Trc khi kim tra, ch u t hoc t chc, c nhn qun l nh phi giao cho ngi kim tra cc loi h s lin quan n kim tra h thng in nh.

3.1.1.3 Trong qu trnh kim tra phi c bin php bo m an ton cho ngi v thit b.

3.1.1.4 Vic kim tra gm c hai bc nh sau:

a) Kim tra trc quan;

b) Kim tra bng th nghim.

3.1.1.5 Sau khi kt thc cng vic, ngi kim tra phi k vn bn xc nhn kt qu kim tra.

3.1.2 Yu cu i vi kim tra trc quan

3.1.2.1 Kim tra trc quan phi thc hin trong tnh trng h thng in nh khng c in v trc khi kim tra bng th nghim.

3.1.2.2 Kim tra trc quan phi bao gm ti thiu cc ni dung sau y:

a) Cc bin php bo m an ton chng in git;

b) Cc bin php bo m an ton chng chy lan;

c) Vic la chn v lp t cc thit b bo v, gim st;

d) Vic la chn v lp t dy dn;

)Vic la chn v lp t thit b ng ct v cch ly;

e) Vic la chn, lp t thit b v bin php bo v thch hp vi cc nh hng t bn ngoi;

g) Nhn dng ng dy trung tnh (dy N) v dy PE;

h) C cc s cng vi cc thng tin cn thit trn t in;

i) Nhn bit cc mch in;

k) Tnh trng ca cc mi u, ni;

l) S c mt y v ph hp ca cc dy PE, bao gm c cc vng ng th chnh v ph;

m) Kh nng tip cn thao tc v bo tr;

n) Thit b ng ct mt cc khng lp t trn dy N;

o) Vic la chn, lp t LPS.

3.1.3 Yu cu i vi kim tra bng th nghim

3.1.3.1 Phi tin hnh th nghim (nu c lp t) cc ni dung ch yu sau:

a) Tnh lin tc ca dy PE, ca mch ng th chnh v ph;

b) in tr cch in ca h thng in nh;

c) Bin php bo v bng mch in tch bit; ngun SELV hoc ngun PELV;

d) in tr cch in ca sn v tng cch in;

) Bin php bo v b sung bng RCD nhy cao;

e) T ng ct ngun cp in;

g) Th t pha;

h) Th nghim chc nng;i) in tr ni t ca LPS.

3.1.3.2 Trng hp c kt qu th nghim khng t yu cu th phi tm v sa cha sai st, sau phi th nghim li, k c nhng th nghim trc m kt qu c th b nh hng.

3.1.3.3 Phi th nghim tnh lin tc ca dy PE, bao gm c mch vng ng th chnh v ph bng ngun in mt chiu hoc xoay chiu.

3.1.3.4 o in tr cch in gia cc dy ti in tng i mt v gia tng dy ti in vi t ca h thng in nh; Kt qu o khng c thp hn tr s quy nh ti Bng 7.

Bng 7 - in tr cch in ti thiu

in p danh nh ca mch in V in p th nghim

Vin tr cch in

M

502500,5

T trn 50 n di 5005001,0

3.1.3.5 Phi tin hnh th nghim bin php bo v bng ELV v mch in tch bit bng cch o in tr cch in gia mch in c ELV hoc mch in tch bit c u cc thit b dng in vi cc mch in khc v vi t; Kt qu o khng c thp hn tr s quy nh ti Bng 7.

3.1.3.6 Phi s dng thit b ph hp o in tr cch in ca sn v tng cch in; Kt qu o phi ln hn 50 k.

3.1.3.7 Phi tin hnh th tc ng ca RCD nhy cao dng lm phng tin trong bin php bo v b sung.

3.1.3.8 Phi thc hin kim tra cc iu kin ca bin php bo v bng cch t ng ct ngun cp in chng tip xc trc tip nh sau:

a) i vi s TN-S: Phi o tng tr ca mch s c Zs; Kt qu o phi p ng iu kin

Zs x Ia Uo (6)

trong :

Zs l tng tr ca mch s c, bao gm ngun cp in, dy ti in, dy PE t ngun cp in n im s c ();

Ia l dng in thit b bo v tc ng ct in trong phm vi thi gian quy nh (A);

Uo l in p gia dy pha vi t (V).

b) i vi s TT: Phi o in tr ni t ca h thng in nh; Kt qu o phi p ng iu kin quy nh ti 2.4.2.3.

c) i vi s IT:

Phi tnh hoc o dng in khi c s c th nht. Nu im trung tnh ca ngun cp in ni t qua mt tr khng th khng phi o dng in ny;

Phi o dng in s c nu khng tnh c dng in ny do khng bit ht cc thng s ca mch in;

Phi kim tra iu kin ca s c v th nghim ging nh i vi s ni t TN-S (ngn mch hai pha) khi c s c im th hai.

3.1.3.9 Phi tin hnh th nghim th t pha cho h thng in nh.

3.1.3.10 Phi kim tra s hot ng ng vi chc nng ca cc t hp thit b.3.1.4 Yu cu i vi kim tra nh k

3.1.4.1 H thng in nh phi c kim tra nh k v vic kim tra ny khng c gy nguy him cho ngi, vt nui v khng lm h hng ti sn ngay c khi mch in c h hng.

3.1.4.2 Phi cn c vo loi phn t, kt qu s dng, tn sut v cht lng bo tr v cc nh hng t bn ngoi xem xt quyt nh tn sut kim tra nh k h thng in nh.

3.1.4.3 Sau khi hon thnh kim tra nh k phi k xc nhn:

a)Phm vi kim tra;

b) Cc h hng pht hin c;

c) Kt qu kim tra;

d) Cc khuyn ngh v sa cha.

3.2 T chc thc hin

3.2.1 V Khoa hc Cng ngh v mi trng B Xy dng chu trch nhim ph bin, hng dn p dng Quy chun ny cho cc i tng lin quan.

3.2.2 Cc c quan qun l nh nc v xy dng ti cc a phng c trch nhim t chc kim tra, thanh tra vic thc hin Quy chun ny.

3.2.3 Trong qu trnh thc hin, nu c vng mc, cc c quan, t chc, c nhn c lin quan c trch nhim kp thi phn nh vi B Xy dng xem xt gii quyt. Ph lc A

(Quy nh)

Gii hn th tch trong tm vi

CH THCH: S l b mt c ngi hot ng.Hnh H.1 - Xc nh gii hn th tch trong tm vi

Ph lc B(Quy nh)

Cp bo v ca thit b in

M IP (ting Anh l IP Code) ca thit b in th hin cp (mc ) bo v ca thit b in t trong v, hp hoc li bo v. C th nh sau:

Ch s th nht (t s 0 n 6) sau ch IP cho bit mc bo v chng cc vt rn:

0- khng c bo v g c;

1- c bo v chng cc vt rn kch thc trn 50 mm (v d nh tip xc v tnh bng tay);

2- c bo v chng cc vt rn kch thc trn 12,5 mm (v d nh ngn tay);

3- c bo v chng cc vt rn kch thc trn 2,5 mm (v d nh dng c, inh vt );

4- c bo v chng cc vt rn kch thc trn 1 mm (v d nh dng c nh, dy nh);

5- c bo v chng bi (khng ph bi);

6- c bo v hon ton chng bi.

Ch s th 2 (t 0 n 8) sau ch IP cho bit mc bo v chng nc xm nhp:

0- Khng bo v c g;

1- c bo v chng git nc ri thng ng;

2- c bo v chng dng nc ri nghing 150 so vi ng thng ng;

3- c bo v chng dng nc ma ri nghing 600 so vi ng thng ng;

4- c bo v chng dng nc ri theo mi hng;

5- c bo v chng dng nc phun theo mi hng;

6- c bo v hon ton chng tia nc bn theo mi hng;

7- c bo v chng hu qu ngp trong nc;

8- c bo v chng hu qu dm trong nc ko di.

Khi ch s th nht (hoc s th hai) c thay bng ch X th c ngha l khng cp n mc bo v chng vt rn (hoc chng dng nc).

Tip sau cc ch s, c th c cc ch sau vi ngha chng s xm nhp v tnh ca:

A bn tay;

B ngn tay;

C dng c;

D si dy.

Sau ch th nht , c th c ch th hai vi ngha sau:

H thit b in cao p;

M chuyn ng khi th nghim di nc;

S ng yn khi th nghim di nc;

- iu kin thi tit.

- V d:

V bc c k hiu IP34 c ngha l:

3 bo v chng s xm nhp cc vt rn t bn ngoi c ng knh t 2,5 mm tr ln, bo v ngi cm dng c c ng knh t 2,5 mm tr ln khng v tnh xm nhp vo trong;

4 bo v thit b bn trong chng tc ng c hi ca dng nc ri theo mi hng.

V bc c k hiu IP23CS c ngha l:

2 bo v chng s xm nhp ca cc vt rn c ng knh t 12,5 mm tr ln; Bo v chng ngi v tnh xm nhp bng ngn tay;

3- bo v thit b bn trong chng tc dng c hi ca dng nc ma ri nghing 600 ;

C bo v ngi cm dng c c ng knh 2,5 mm, di 100 mm chng v tnh tip xc vi cc phn nguy him bn trong;

S khi th nghim v nc th thit b in bn trong l tnh trng ng yn (v d nh rto ca 1 my in quay).

Ph lc C(Tham kho )

Chiu sng nhn to

Bng C.1 - ri nh nht theo c im cng vic

Kch thc vt cn phn bit mmCp cng vicPhn cpTnh cht thi gian ca cng vic ri nh nht khi

chiu sng bng n hunh quang, n compc

lx

T 0,15 n 0,30IabcThng xuyn

Chu k tng t

Khng lu400

300

150

T 0,30 n 0,50IIabcThng xuyn

Chu k tng t

Khng lu300

200

100

Trn 0,5IIIabcThng xuyn

Chu k tng t

Khng lu150

100

75

CH THCH: Khi c yu cu v v sinh hoc chuyn ngnh (nh phng n, bp, gian bn hng ca ca hng, phng m, gian khn gi, phng my, v.v...), c tng tr s ri ln mt bc theo thang ri sau:

Bc thang

I

II

III

IV

V

VI

VII

VIII

IX

X

XI

XII

XIII

XIV

ri

(lx)

0,2

0,3

0,5

1

2

3

5

7

10

20

30

50

75

100

Bc thang

XV

XVI

XVII

XVIII

XIX

XX

XXI

XXII

XXIII

XXIV

XXV

XXVI

XXVII

ri

(lx)

150

200

300

400

500

600

750

1000

1250

1500

2000

2500

3000

Bng C.2 - ri nh nht trn b mt lm vic khi s dng h thng chiu sng nhn to chung trong nh v nh cng cng

Tn cng trnh, gian, phngNhm phngCp cng vicMt phng quy nh ri - cao cch mt sn m ri ti thiu lx

Ghi ch

1. C quan hnh chnh s nghip, vin thit k, vin nghin cu

1.1 Phng lm vic, vn phng, phng thit k, phng th nghim1IIbNgang - 0,8150 - KL*

300- TCK* 400-TX*Cn c cm b sung chiu sng ti ch

1.2 Phng v k thut1IaNgang - 0,8750

1.3 Phng my tnh1IIaNgang - 0,8500

1.4 Phng nghip v ca ngn hng, bu in1IIbNgang - 0,8500

1.5 Kho lu tr h s1

Bng C.2 (tip theo)

Tn cng trnh, gian, phngNhm phngCp cng vicMt phng quy nh ri - cao cch mt sn m ri ti thiu lx

Ghi ch

a) Bn lm vicIIbNgang - 0,8200Dng n loi chng chy

b) Gi h s-Ngang - 0,8 (trn gi)75

1.6 Phng in p xt1

a) B phn trnh byIIbNgang - 0,8200Dng n loi chng chy

b) B phn chun b v ch to khun inIIIaNgang - 0,8150-

c) B phn inIIIbNgang - 0,8100-

1.7 Phng in zalt (in bng nh sng)1IIIbNgang - 0,8100-

1.8 Phng nh1IIIcNgang - 0,875-

1.9 Xng mc, m hnh, sa cha1IIIaNgang - 0,8150Cn c cm b sung chiu sng ti ch

1.10. Phng hp, hi ngh, hi trng2-Ngang - 0,8400

1.11 Phng gii lao (hnh lang ngoi phng hp, hi ngh, hi trng)3IIIcSn100-

1.12 Phng th nghim1IIbNgang - 0,8400-

2 Trng hc ph thng, i hc, cao ng, trung hc CN, dy ngh

2.1 Phng hc, ging ng lp hc:1IIb

a) Bngng-trnbng400-

b) Bn hcNgang - 0,8200-

2.2 Phng th nghim, xt nghim1IIbNgang - 0,8400-TX

300-TCK

150-KL-

2.3 Phng ho, v k thut, thit k n mn hc, n tt nghip:1Ib400-TX

300-TCK

150-KL

a) Bngng-trnbng400

b) Bn lm vicNgang - 0,8300

Bng C.2 (tip theo)

Tn cng trnh, gian, phngNhm phngCp cng vicMt phng quy nh ri - cao cch mt sn m ri ti thiu lx

Ghi ch

2.4 Xng dy ngh1IIIaNgang - 0,8500

2.5 Xng mc1IIIaNgang - 0,8400

2.6 Phng n cng

a) Hc thu mayIIbNgang - 0,8400-

b) Hc nu nIIIbNgang - 0,8200-

2.7 Gian th dc th thao2-Sn ng - 2,0300

Bo m ri c hai bn b mt ng qua trc dc ca phng

2.8 Vn phng, phng lm vic ca gio vin, hiu trng1IIcNgang - 0,8300Cn c cm b sung chiu sng ti ch

2.9 Phng chi, gii lao3IIIcSn300-

2.10 Hi trng, phng khnh tit, ging ng c chiu phim3-Sn200-

2.11 Sn khu ca hi trng--ng - 1,5150-

2.12 Kho dng c, c, trang thit b-IIIcSn100-

3 Th vin

3.1 Phng c1IIbNgang - 0,8500Cn c cm b sung chiu sng ti ch

3.2 Phng danh mc sch1Icng-trn mt

danh mc150

3.3 Phng cp th c gi1IcNgang - 0,8150

3.4 Phng trng by, gii thiu sch mi xut bn1IIcNgang - 0,8100

3.5 Kho sch1IIIcng-1,0 trn gi100S dng n chng chy

3.6 Phng ng ba, ng sch1IIIbNgang - 0,8150-

4 Hi trng, nh ht, rp chiu bng, cu lc b, nh trin lm

4.1 Hi trng

Bng C.2 (tip theo)

Tn cng trnh, gian, phngNhm phngCp cng vicMt phng quy nh ri - cao cch mt sn m ri ti thiu lx

Ghi ch

a) Hi trng trung tm ca c nc c chc nng t chc cc hot ng chnh tr, vn ha2-Ngang - 0,8500 ri tng mt cp khi cng trnh c ngha chnh tr quan trng

b) Hi trng trung tm tnh, thnh ph2-Ngang - 0,8400

4.2 Gian khn gi ca nh ht, cung vn ho, phng ho nhc, rp xic3-Ngang - 0,8150-TX

100-TCK

75-KL

4.3 Gian khn gi cu lc b, nh vn ho, phng gii lao ca nh ht3-Sn150-TX

100-TCK

75-KL ri tng mt cp khi cng trnh c ngha chnh tr quan trng

4.4 Gian trin lm, trng by2IIbNgang - 0,8300-TX

200-TCK

100-KL

4.5 Gian khn gi ca rp chiu bng c:3-

- trn 800 ch ngiNgang - 0,8100

- di 800 ch ngiNgang - 0,875

4.6 Phng gii lao ca rp chiu bng, nh vn ho, cu lc b3IIIcSn150 ri tng mt cp do yu cu thch nghi ca mt

4.7 Phng sinh hot chuyn 2IIcNgang - 0,8200Cn c cm b sung chiu sng