DGP TUESDAY NOTES(Sentence Parts and Phrases)

Complete Subject Object of PrepositionSimple Subject Object of Infinitive

Complete Predicate Object of GerundVerb (Simple Predicate) Prepositional Phrase Complement Gerund Phrase

Appositive/Appositive PhraseParticiple Phrase Infinitive Phrase

COMPLETE SUBJECT

The part of the sentence about which something

is being said

SIMPLE SUBJECT•Main word (or group of words) in the complete subject•Must be a NOUN, PRONOUN, GERUND, or INFINITIVE•Can NEVER be in a prepositional phrase•THERE and HERE are never the subject of a sentence•The subject can be an “understood you” Bring

me the remote control please. (You bring it.)

COMPLETE PREDICATE

The part of the sentence that says something

about the subject

VERB (or SIMPLE PREDICATE)•Transitive: takes a direct object (DO)

We love grammar.•Intransitive: does not take a direct

object (DO) Please sit down.

ALL LINKING VERBS ARE INTRANSITIVE!

COMPLEMENT

Completes the meaning of the

subject and verb.

COMPLEMENTDirect Object (DO)

•Can only be a NOUN or PRONOUN•Follows an ACTION VERB•Is NEVER in a prepositional phrase•To find the DO ask… “subject” “verb”

“what?”

I like English. “I” “like” “what?”

English is the DO

COMPLEMENTIndirect Object (IO)

•Can only be a NOUN or PRONOUN•Comes BEFORE a direct object (DO)•Is NEVER in a prepositional phrase•To find the IO ask… “subject” “verb” “direct object” “to or for whom or what?”

He gave me the paper. “He” “gave” “paper” “to whom?” me (IO)

COMPLEMENTPredicate Nominative

•Can only be a NOUN or PRONOUN•Follows LINKING VERB and renames

the subject.•To find it ask… “subject” “linking verb” “what?”

He is a nice guy. “He” “is” “what?” guy (predicate nominative)

COMPLEMENTPredicate Adjective

•Is an ADJECTIVE (DUH!!!!)•Follows LINKING VERB and describes

subject•To find it ask… “subject” “linking verb” “what?”

He is a nice guy. “He” “is” “what?” nice (predicate adjective)

APPOSITIVE/APPOSITIVE PHRASE

•Noun or pronoun that follows and renames another noun or pronoun

My son Michael likes hunting.Tammy, my daughter, loves to read.

OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITION

•Follows the preposition and tells

“what?”The bug is under the rug.

If there is NO object, it is NOT a preposition: Please stand up.

(Up is an adverb)

OBJECT OF THE INFINITIVE

•Follows the infinitive and tells

“what?”I want to eat fish.

“to eat what?”Fish is the object of the infinitive

OBJECT OF THE GERUND

•Follows the gerund and tells “what?”I like eating fish.“eating what?”

fish is the object of the gerund

PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE

•It is a group of words…BEGINNING with a PREPOSITION and ENDING

with a NOUN or PRONOUN.•Adjective: I want a room with a view.•Adverb: His house is on the lake.

GERUND PHRASE

It is the gerund plus its modifiers and objects Writing long essays can be fun.

PARTICIPLE PHRASE

It is the participle plus its modifiers and objects

Running down the hall, he bumped into the principal.

INFINITIVE PHRASE

It is the infinitive plus its modifiers and objects He likes to eat pepperoni pizza.