TO INFINITIVE/ GERUND-ING

M. GARRIDO

ESL COACH

GERUND –ING IS USED

• After most of the preopositions(después de la mayoría de preposiciones):

I am not very good at cooking

She’s thinking of coming back home soon.

I’m not used to hearing that voice. (to as a preposition)

GERUND –ING IS USED

• Subject/Object(Nominalizamos los verbos en inglés añadiendo –ing)

Listening to music is good for everyone.

I hate studying Maths.

GERUND –ING IS USED

• After these verbs:admit confesarappreciate apreciaravoid evitarconsider considerardelay retrasardeny negardetest detestarenjoy disfrutarescape escaparfinish terminarsuggest sugerirunderstand comprender

• She has admitted having an affair with rock singer.• He appreciates getting a cruise as a present. • I avoid eating fatty foods. • My mother considers evading Robert • I enjoy listening to music.• May I suggest going to the cinema?

GERUND –ING IS USED

• After these forms/expressionsF. Verbal Traduccióncan´t help no poder evitarcan´t stand no soportardon´t mind no importarwould mind importaría

be used to estar acostumbrado a

get used to acostumbrarse afeel like apetecer

it´s no use ser inútil, no valer la pena

look forward to tener ganas de

• I can’t stand losing you.• I don’t mind doing it.• I am used to studying at night.• I feel like going for a bike ride.• I’m looking forward to hearing back from you

TO INFINITIVE

• After an adjective. It gives a reason for the adjective.• It’s difficult to find an asnwer

An answer for the interrogative adverb ‘why’ to express purpose como respuesta de ¿por qué? Para expresar finalidad

• Why did you do it? To enjoy much more

TO INFINITIVE

• After these forms and verbs (especially verbs of thinking/ feeling and saying) :

Verbo Traducción

would like gustaríawant quererneed necesitardecide decidirhope esperarpretend pretenderexpect esperarlearn aprenderoffer ofrecerafford asumirprepare prepararmean significaragree estar de acuerdo

• I would like to visit those places this year.• I want to be a doctor• I’ve decided not to go there anymore• I expect to get an answer from you as soon as

possible.• I can afford to pay my bills.• I don’t mean to be rude • I agree to supervisie this student on the

Project.

EXAMPLES

GERUND AND TO INFITINIVE

• Vebs such as  'begin', 'continue' o 'start'. Verbos como ‘comenzar’, ‘continuar’ o ‘empezar’

• It started to snow/ It started snowing

Cuando estos verbos van en forma continua se usará el infinitivo.

• It’s starting to rain

GERUND AND TO INFINITIVE

• After vebs such as 'like', 'dislike', 'hate', 'love', 'prefer‘. In AmE to infinitive is used and in BrE the gerund is used, but there’s no difference.

Verbos como ‘like’, ‘dislike’, ‘hate’, ‘love’, ‘prefer’. En inglés americano se prefiere to infinitive, y en el inglés británico se usa con –ing.

• I dislike cleaning the house• I don’t like to be here

In conditional sentences, however, to infinitive is preferable. En las oraciones en condicional I would like/love/prefer se prefiere el infinitivo con ‘to’

I’d like to come back home

GERUND AND TO INFINITIVE changes in meaning

Remember/forget (recordar/olvidar)

-ing form  refers to what happened in the past I remember turning off Tv when I left home.

-to infinitive refers to remember/ to forget something that will happen Remember to turn off TV when you leave home

Stop (parar)

-ing form means ‘stop doing something’ I stop making noise

-to infinitive means ‘stop doing something to do another thing’ I stop to make noise.Try (intentar)

-ing form means ‘experiment’ Why don´t you try sending her flowers?

-to infitive ‘doing something with effort’ I tried to change the battery but I couldn´t.Go on (continuar) 

          -ing form means ‘keep doing something’ My boss went on discussing the new project.

-to infinitive  means ‘change of activity’ My boss went to discuss the new project.

GERUND AND TO INFINITIVEchanges in meaning

Regret (lamenatar)

-ing form means to be sorry for something that happened.

I regret saying that.

-to infinitive is used to communicate a bad new.

I regret to inform you that the meeting has been called off.

Sorry for/ about (sentir)

-ing form refers to something that happened.

I am sorry for having offended you.

-to infinitive refers to something that will happen in the future.

I am sorry to disturb you.

Need (necesitar)

-ing form to express the necessity of doing something.

He needs sleeping.

To infinitive expresses obligation to do something.

I need to be there at 8.00.

PRACTICE

• http://a4esl.org/q/h/9801/el-to-ing.html• http://www.eslgamesplus.com/ing-gerunds-infinitive-spin/ • http://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?

id=5788

www.mayenglishcorner.blogspot.co.uk Thankyou for watching and sharing

created only with educational purposes