CHAPTER 12: GENETICS

LESSON 3: DNA & GENETICS

Essential Questions

What is DNA? What is the role of RNA in protein

production? How do changes in the sequence of

DNA affect traits?

??

Vocabulary

DNA Nucleotide Replication RNA Transcription Translation Mutation

The Structure of DNA

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid): an organism’s genetic material

A Complex Molecule

The Structure of DNA

Four Nucleotides Shape DNA A nucleotide is a molecule made of

nitrogen base, a sugar and a phosphate group

The Structure of DNA

How DNA Replicates The process of copying a DNA molecule to

make another DNA is called replication

Making Proteins

Junk DNA The Role of RNA in Making Proteins

RNA (ribonucleic acid) is a type of nucleic acid that carries the code for making proteins from the nucleus to the cytoplasm

The process of making mRNA (messenger RNA) from DNA is called transcription

Making Proteins

Three Types of RNA: mRNA (messenger RNA) tRNA (transfer RNA) rRNA (ribosomal RNA) The process of making a protein from RNA

is called translation Translating the RNA Code

Mutations

A change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene is called a mutation

Types of Mutations

Results of a Mutation

Classwork

Page 445 #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 10

Write down questions and answers

Workbook page 384 – 387 and 393