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Modern Genetics DNA structure, RNA Structure DNA Function, RNA Function Protein Synthesis (transcription & translation) Mutations & the Effects of Mutations Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering http://www.dnalc.org/resources/3d/index.html

Modern Genetics · Modern Genetics •DNA structure, RNA Structure •DNA Function, RNA Function ... Protein Synthesis Do DNA Workshop Activity. Vocabulary: DNA DNA replication RNA

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Page 1: Modern Genetics · Modern Genetics •DNA structure, RNA Structure •DNA Function, RNA Function ... Protein Synthesis Do DNA Workshop Activity. Vocabulary: DNA DNA replication RNA

Modern Genetics

• DNA structure, RNA Structure• DNA Function, RNA Function

• Protein Synthesis (transcription & translation)• Mutations  & the Effects of Mutations• Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering

http://www.dnalc.org/resources/3d/index.html

Page 2: Modern Genetics · Modern Genetics •DNA structure, RNA Structure •DNA Function, RNA Function ... Protein Synthesis Do DNA Workshop Activity. Vocabulary: DNA DNA replication RNA

Nucleic Acids ­ Large complex molecules that store and transmit genetic information.

Page 3: Modern Genetics · Modern Genetics •DNA structure, RNA Structure •DNA Function, RNA Function ... Protein Synthesis Do DNA Workshop Activity. Vocabulary: DNA DNA replication RNA

DNA  ­ 

•  What is it?

•  What does it do?

•  What does it look like?

x­ray chrystallagraphy pictures taken by Rosalind Franklin

Double helix structure of DNA proposed by James Watson & Francis Crick

Page 4: Modern Genetics · Modern Genetics •DNA structure, RNA Structure •DNA Function, RNA Function ... Protein Synthesis Do DNA Workshop Activity. Vocabulary: DNA DNA replication RNA

RNA  ­ Ribonucleic Acid•  What is it?• What kinds of RNA are there and what do they do? • What does it look like?

Page 5: Modern Genetics · Modern Genetics •DNA structure, RNA Structure •DNA Function, RNA Function ... Protein Synthesis Do DNA Workshop Activity. Vocabulary: DNA DNA replication RNA
Page 6: Modern Genetics · Modern Genetics •DNA structure, RNA Structure •DNA Function, RNA Function ... Protein Synthesis Do DNA Workshop Activity. Vocabulary: DNA DNA replication RNA

Organization of DNA in Cells

Page 7: Modern Genetics · Modern Genetics •DNA structure, RNA Structure •DNA Function, RNA Function ... Protein Synthesis Do DNA Workshop Activity. Vocabulary: DNA DNA replication RNA

DNA Replication

https://www.dnalc.org/resources/3d/

1. DNA uncoils and the two strands unzip. The hydrogen bonds between the base pairs break and the two strands of the DNA separate.

2. Free nucleotides move in and bind with the parent DNA strands (the DNA template). Complementary bases bind to the open bases on the template strands. 

3. The free nucleotides in the new strands bind together. The copied DNA re­coils. The two DNA molecules are identical.

4. The structure of the DNA molecule (two complementary strands that can separate between the base pairs) ensures that the DNA is copied efficiently (quickly and correctly).

Page 8: Modern Genetics · Modern Genetics •DNA structure, RNA Structure •DNA Function, RNA Function ... Protein Synthesis Do DNA Workshop Activity. Vocabulary: DNA DNA replication RNA

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/tryit/dna/

Read about:DNA Replication Protein SynthesisDo DNA Workshop Activity

Page 9: Modern Genetics · Modern Genetics •DNA structure, RNA Structure •DNA Function, RNA Function ... Protein Synthesis Do DNA Workshop Activity. Vocabulary: DNA DNA replication RNA

Vocabulary:DNADNA replicationRNA (mRNA, tRNA, rRNA)protein synthesistranscriptiontranslationribosomecodonanticodonmutation