DNA Damage, DNA Technologies, Genetics Since Gregor Mendel

11.15.2010 Catalyst:

1.What is the difference between genes and alleles? Please define each word, and give an example of each.

Standards and ObjectivesStandard: I.I.I.2. Use models to explain the relationships

between variables being investigated. Content: SWBAT: compare predicted results with expected

results in a labLanguage: SWBAT Write a paragraph describing the results of

the experiment

Modeling Inheritance

11.15.2010

Opening

= Black rabbit coat allele

= Brown rabbit coat allele

Calculate Ratio:

11.16.2010 Catalyst:Monday: 11.15.2010

Genes are parts of chromosomes that code for inherited traitsAlleles are different versions of a gene.

Tuesday: 11.16.2010

How many alleles for each gene do reproductive cells contain? Why?

Standards and ObjectivesStandard: III.I.I.1. Analyze the contributions of science to health as they

relate to personal decisions about smoking, drugs, alcohol, and sexual activity.

Content: SWBAT: analyze a situation involving drugs, alcohol, and

smoking, from a scientific point of view.

Language: SWBAT Explain in writing what drugs, alcohol, and smoking

can do to your cells (DNA damage).

DNA Damage, Scientific Information about DRUGS

11.16.2010

Opening

I. Drugs are substances that change normal bodily function

Behavioral or physical

DRUGS DAMAGE DNA Date:

I. Drugs are substances that change normal bodily function. II. All of the following illegal drugs damage DNA (can harm the

person and/or the offspring)A. Can cause unconsciousness, vomiting, brain damage and

death1. Examples: alcohol, heroin, marijuana

B. Can cause seizures, headaches, paranoia, cancer, and death1. Examples: caffeine* (not too bad for DNA), nicotine

(cigarettes), cocaineC. Can cause panic, feeling of losing touch with reality, nervous

system damage, death1. Examples: LSD, mushrooms, XTC

III. Using drugs now can shorten your lifespan.

Summary:

II. All Illegal Drugs Damage DNA

• Why is DNA damage bad?

DRUGS DAMAGE DNA Date:

I. Drugs are substances that change normal bodily function. II. All of the following illegal drugs damage DNA (can harm the

person and/or the offspring)A. Can cause unconsciousness, vomiting, brain damage and

death1. Examples: alcohol, heroin, marijuana

B. Can cause seizures, headaches, paranoia, cancer, and death1. Examples: caffeine* (not too bad for DNA), nicotine

(cigarettes), cocaineC. Can cause panic, feeling of losing touch with reality, nervous

system damage, death1. Examples: LSD, mushrooms, XTC

III. Using drugs now can shorten your lifespan.

Summary:

Types of Drugs, and What They Do to you.

A. Depressants slow you down• cause unconsciousness, vomiting, brain damage and

death• Examples: alcohol, heroin, marijuana

DRUGS DAMAGE DNA Date:

I. Drugs are substances that change normal bodily function. II. All of the following illegal drugs damage DNA (can harm the

person and/or the offspring)A. Depressants cause unconsciousness, vomiting, brain

damage and death1. Examples: alcohol, heroin, marijuana

B. Stimulants cause seizures, headaches, paranoia, cancer, and death1. Examples: caffeine* (not too bad for DNA), nicotine

(cigarettes), cocaineC. Hallucinogens cause panic, feeling of losing touch with

reality, nervous system damage, death1. Examples: LSD, mushrooms, XTC

III. Using drugs now can shorten your lifespan.

Summary:

B. Stimulants speed you up.• cause seizures, headaches, paranoia, cancer, and

death• Examples: caffeine* (not too bad for DNA),

nicotine (cigarettes), cocaine

Types of Drugs, and What They Do to you.

DRUGS DAMAGE DNA Date:

I. Drugs are substances that change normal bodily function. II. All of the following illegal drugs damage DNA (can harm the

person and/or the offspring)A. Depressants cause unconsciousness, vomiting, brain

damage and death1. Examples: alcohol, heroin, marijuana

B. Stimulants cause seizures, headaches, paranoia, cancer, and death1. Examples: caffeine* (not too bad for DNA), nicotine

(cigarettes), cocaineC. Hallucinogens cause panic, feeling of losing touch with

reality, nervous system damage, death1. Examples: LSD, mushrooms, XTC

III. Using drugs now can shorten your lifespan.

Summary:

Hallucinogens make you see and feel things that aren’t real.– cause panic, feeling of losing touch with reality,

nervous system damage, death• Examples: LSD, mushrooms, XTC

Types of Drugs, and What They Do to you.

DRUGS DAMAGE DNA Date:

I. Drugs are substances that change normal bodily function. II. All of the following illegal drugs damage DNA (can harm the

person and/or the offspring)A. Depressants cause unconsciousness, vomiting, brain

damage and death1. Examples: alcohol, heroin, marijuana

B. Stimulants cause seizures, headaches, paranoia, cancer, and death1. Examples: caffeine* (not too bad for DNA), nicotine

(cigarettes), cocaineC. Hallucinogens cause panic, feeling of losing touch with

reality, nervous system damage, death1. Examples: LSD, mushrooms, XTC

III. Using drugs now can shorten your lifespan.

Summary:

III. Using drugs NOW can shorten your lifespan

DRUGS DAMAGE DNA Date:

I. Drugs are substances that change normal bodily function. II. All of the following illegal drugs damage DNA (can harm the

person and/or the offspring)A. Depressants cause unconsciousness, vomiting, brain

damage and death1. Examples: alcohol, heroin, marijuana

B. Stimulants cause seizures, headaches, paranoia, cancer, and death1. Examples: caffeine* (not too bad for DNA), nicotine

(cigarettes), cocaineC. Hallucinogens cause panic, feeling of losing touch with

reality, nervous system damage, death1. Examples: LSD, mushrooms, XTC

III. Using drugs now can shorten your lifespan.

Summary:

GP: Think, Pair, Share

1. Melanie is at a club in the city. A stranger offers her some XTC. What scientific information could she use to help her make a decision about using this drug?

GP: Think, Pair, Share

2. Abraham is hanging out with some friends. A stranger approaches the group and offers them all some marijuana. What scientific evidence could Abraham tell his friends that could help them make this decision?

GP: Think, Pair, Share

3. Xavier is a miner in Chile. All of his co-workers use cocaine so they can stay awake in the mine and be less hungry. When he is offered cocaine, what scientific evidence could he use to help him make his decisions?

INP:

1. Frederick is hiking in the woods and finds some mushrooms. His friend tells him that eating these mushrooms will make him hallucinate. What scientific information could Frederick use to help him make a decision about using this drug?

INP:

2. A person is on a crowded street corner, where lots of people are taking a “cigarette break.” One of the person’s co-workers offers a cigarette to the person. What scientific information could the person use to help make a decision about using this drug?

Exit Ticket:

1. Bob sees many adults who use alcohol. He wants to make an informed decision about using alcohol. What scientific knowledge could Bob use to help him make his decision?

2. Elyse is offered tobacco. She wants to make an informed decision about using the drug. What scientific knowledge could she use to help her make the decision?

11.18.2010 Catalyst:Monday: 11.15.2010

Genes are parts of chromosomes that code for inherited traitsAlleles are different versions of a gene.

Tuesday: 11.16.2010

How many alleles for each gene do reproductive cells contain? Why?

Wednesday: 11.17.2010

Drugs damage DNA. Drugs shorten lifespan.

Thursday: 11.18.2010

Draw a Punnett Square on your paper, fill in the table, and answer the following question: A purple flower (Pp) is crossed with a white flower (pp). What percentage of the offspring will be white?

Standards and ObjectivesStandard: II.II.II.6. Know that hereditary information is contained in

genes that are located in chromosomes, including:-determination of traits by genes -traits determined by one or many genes -more than one trait sometimes influenced by a single gene.

Content: SWBAT: Explain that inherited traits can be caused by many genes. Explain that inherited traits (more than one) can be caused by

one gene. Language: SWBAT make 3 versions of a cause-effect diagram

Genetics After Gregor Mendel

11.18.2010

Opening: Eye color doesn’t follow Mendel’s rules.

http://www.art-dept.com/artists/rankin/portfolio/specialprojects/eyescapes/portfolio.html

Opening: Eye color doesn’t follow Mendel’s rules.

Opening: Eye color doesn’t follow Mendel’s rules.

Opening: Eye color doesn’t follow Mendel’s rules.

Opening: Eye color doesn’t follow Mendel’s rules.

Opening: Eye color doesn’t follow Mendel’s rules.

Opening: Eye color doesn’t follow Mendel’s rules.

Opening: Eye color doesn’t follow Mendel’s rules.

Scientists found that genes do not always work like Mendel

described.Mendel: One allele = one trait

Genetics Since G. Mendel Date:

I. Scientists found that genes do not always work like Mendel described.A. More than one gene can cause one trait

1. Example: Eye color and height are caused by more than one gene.

B. More than one trait can be caused by one gene1. Example: Chicken “Frizzle” disorder,

Phenylketonuria (PKU)C. The environment can play a role in gene expression

1. Example: Himalayan rabbits have genes that make their fur dark only at lower temperatures

Summary:

A. More than one gene can cause one trait.

Eye Color

Human Height

Genetics Since G. Mendel Date:

I. Scientists found that genes do not always work like Mendel described.A. More than one gene can cause one trait

1. Example: Eye color and height are caused by more than one gene.

B. More than one trait can be caused by one gene1. Example: Chicken “Frizzle” disorder,

Phenylketonuria (PKU)C. The environment can play a role in gene expression

1. Example: Himalayan rabbits have genes that make their fur dark only at lower temperatures

Summary:

Note: Leave 6 lines of space before letter B

B. More than one trait can be caused by one gene.

• Chicken “Frizzle” disorder

• PKU

Genetics Since G. Mendel Date:

I. Scientists found that genes do not always work like Mendel described.A. More than one gene can cause one trait

1. Example: Eye color and height are caused by more than one gene.

B. More than one trait can be caused by one gene1. Example: Chicken “Frizzle” disorder,

Phenylketonuria (PKU)C. The environment can play a role in gene expression

1. Example: Himalayan rabbits have genes that make their fur dark only at lower temperatures

Summary:

Note: Leave 6 lines of space before letter C

Genetics Since G. Mendel Date:

I. Scientists found that genes do not always work like Mendel described.A. More than one gene can cause one trait

1. Example: Eye color and height are caused by more than one gene.

B. More than one trait can be caused by one gene1. Example: Chicken “Frizzle” disorder,

Phenylketonuria (PKU)C. The environment can play a role in gene expression

1. Example: Himalayan rabbits have genes that make their fur dark only at lower temperatures

Summary:

GP: Graphic Organizers

• More than one gene can cause one trait

GP: Graphic Organizers

More than one trait can be caused by one gene.

GP: Graphic Organizers

• The environment can play a role in gene expression

Gene

INP: ACE ParagraphExplain 3 ways genes and traits don’t work like Gregor Mendel suggested

Genes and traits always don’t work like Gregor Mendel suggested. First….. An example of this is…..Second…. An example of this is…. Third…. An example of this is….These are three ways that genes and traits don’t work like Gregor Mendel suggested.

ACE Exemplar

Genes and traits don’t always work like Gregor Mendel suggested. First, scientists have found that one gene can cause multiple traits. An example of this is the “frizzle” chicken. Second, scientists have found that multiple genes can cause one trait. Human height and eye color are caused by multiple genes. Last, scientists have found that the environment can affect how genes are expressed. For example, the Himalayan rabbit has black fur only on parts of its body that have a lower temperature. In summary, these are three ways that genetics is different from Mendel’s theories of simple inheritance.

11.18.2010 Catalyst:Monday: 11.15.2010 Genes are parts of chromosomes that code for

inherited traitsAlleles are different versions of a gene.

Tuesday: 11.16.2010 How many alleles for each gene do reproductive cells contain? Why?

Wednesday: 11.17.2010 Drugs damage DNA. Drugs shorten lifespan.

Thursday: 11.18.2010 50% of the offspring will be white

Friday: 11.19.2010

Draw the Cause-Effect diagram, and put the following words into the blanks [gene 1, gene 2, gene 3, trait].

Standards and ObjectivesStandard: III.I.I.2. Analyze how technologies have been

responsible for advances in medicine (e.g., vaccines, antibiotics, microscopes, DNA technologies)

Content: SWBAT: Explain how genetic engineering or gene testing can

make people healthier Language: SWBAT make write a short-answer response (2-3

complete sentences

DNA Technology

11.19.2010

Opening: What do you think of when you hear “Genetic Engineering”.

I. DNA technologies have been responsible for advances in medicine

and health

Genetics Since G. Mendel Date:

I. DNA technologies have been responsible for advances in medicine and healthA. Genetic Engineering—allows scientists to arrange DNA in

organisms1. Scientists use bacteria to produce insulin.2. Some corn can kill pests that feed on it, or to withstand

cold temperatures3. “Golden Rice” has more vitamins than ordinary rice.

B. Some people oppose genetically modifying organisms1. Modified genes may be transferred to other organisms.

Summary:

Genetic Engineering:• Scientists arrange DNA in organisms.

Genetics Since G. Mendel Date:

I. DNA technologies have been responsible for advances in medicine and healthA. Genetic Engineering—allows scientists to arrange DNA in

organisms1. Scientists use bacteria to produce insulin.2. Some corn can kill pests that feed on it, or to withstand

cold temperatures3. “Golden Rice” has more vitamins than ordinary rice.

B. Some people oppose genetically modifying organisms1. Modified genes may be transferred to other organisms.

Summary:

Why are people against Genetic Engineering?

• Modified genes could be spread to other organisms

• Other ideas?

Genetics Since G. Mendel Date:

I. DNA technologies have been responsible for advances in medicine and healthA. Genetic Engineering—allows scientists to arrange DNA in

organisms1. Scientists use bacteria to produce insulin.2. Some corn can kill pests that feed on it, or to withstand

cold temperatures3. “Golden Rice” has more vitamins than ordinary rice.

B. Some people oppose genetically modifying organisms1. Modified genes may be transferred to other organisms.

Summary:

Genetic Testing

• Scientists can test genes and determine if babies will have a disease

Genetics Since G. Mendel Date:

I. DNA technologies have been responsible for advances in medicine and healthA. Genetic Engineering—allows scientists to arrange DNA in

organisms1. Scientists use bacteria to produce insulin.2. Some corn can kill pests that feed on it, or to withstand

cold temperatures3. “Golden Rice” has more vitamins than ordinary rice.

B. Some people oppose genetically modifying organisms1. Modified genes may be transferred to other organisms.

C. Genetic Testing allows scientists to predict whether or not a baby will have a disease.

Summary:

GP: What are the good and bad parts to genetic engineering?

INP/Exit Ticket: Write these answers on a sheet of paper

How can genetic engineering make people healthier?

Why do you think people are opposed to genetic

engineering?