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BORNO STATE LGA’s
Baseline information for planners
2
Introduction
A note on sources
This document provides basic information from open sources on Borno State, and is
compiled in June 2017. It responds to the need for more granulated and detailed information
on Local Government Areas in Borno.
The following sources have been consulted:
Information from: OCHA, UNDP, UNICEF, WHO, IOM, FAO, WFP, UNHCR, UNICEF,
UNOPS; Government of Nigeria sources; RPBA and Buhari Plan.
http://en.wikipedia.org
http://nigeriazipcodes.com
https://www.humanitarianresponse.info
Maps: Community management of Malnutrition, Borno State Health Facilities;
Several news sites
Overview LGA’s, pre - crisis
1 Abadam 120000
2 Askira/ Uba 150000
3 Bama 260000
4 Bayo 90000
5 Biu 190000
6 Chibok 75000
7 Damboa 260000
8 Dikwa 120000
9 Gubio 175000
10 Guzamala 105000
11 Gwoza 300000
12 Hawul 130000
13 Jere 230000
14 Kaga 105000
15 Kala 70000
16 Konduga 20000
17 Kukawa 240000
18 Kwaya Kusar 65000
19 Mafa 120000
20 Magumeri 160000
21 Maiduguri 800000
22 Marte 150000
23 Mobbar 130000
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24 Monguno 130000
25 Ngala 260000
26 Nganzai 110000
27 Shani 120000
LGA’s detailed
1. ABADAM
Capital: Malumfatori
Population: 100,000 (2006 census)
Wards/ settlements: Abadam; Arege; Banuwa; Bisku; Bisogana; Dareche; Fuguwa; Jabulani;
Karinowa; Kudokurgu; Lariski; Mallamfatori; Metele; Yau; Yawa-Kura;
Yituwa
Location: West Lake Chad
Total area: 3,793 km2, postal code 602
Infrastructure: Unknown
Economy: Agriculture, livestock
History: One of the LGA’s that constitute the Borno Emirate. In October
2014, Boko Haram fighters took over Abadam town, with at least 40
deaths, but fled after an attack by Multinational Joint Task
Force (MNJTF) troops. Local residents, some of whom had fled
to Niger border areas, were urged to return.
On 2 February 2015, the Nigerian Army said it had recaptured Abadam
from Boko Haram, along with the nearby towns of Gamboru, Mafa,
Mallam Fatori, and Marte, following joint military operations by
Nigerian and Cameroonian forces, civilian forces, and three days
of Chadian airstrikes. A bomb dropped by an air strike and smashed the
midst of a mourning ceremony, which injured 27 peoples and killed 37
persons. Borno State senator Baba Kak Garbai however stated in
February 2016 that the group still controlled Abadam. Major
General Lucky Irabor also stated in August 2016 that Abadam was under
control of the militants.
Impact crisis: Depopulation and displacement to Niger and IDP camps
Accessibility: INACCESIBLE
Security: NO SECURITY BEYOND ARMY PRESENCE
Organisations active: None
Damages: Unknown
Displacement/ return: Unknown
4
2. ASKIRA/ UBA
Capital: Askira
Population: 138,000 (2006 census)
Wards/ settlements: Askira District: Bagiau; Chul; Dum Bam ; Giwa Kir Koma; Jimbulumu;
Kauthlama; Njoma; Uba; Uwotaku; Yimirali
Lassa District: Dille; Gegombi; Huyum; Kuhi; Lassa; Malka Dini
Location: South Borno,
Total area: 2,362 km2 ; Postal code: 601
Infrastructure: Unknown
Economy: Subsistence farming, transhumance, small trade
History: It is dominated by mostly the Chibok (Kibaku) and Marghi tribes,
although different dialects and some Fulani in the upland areas. It is one
of the settlement areas of the Christian Missionaries in Northern Nigeria.
The main settlements in this area
include Uba, Askira, Wamdeo, Lassa, Uvu, Mussa and Husara.[1]
It is the only Local Government in Borno State with two emirates.
The emir of the Uba, Til Samaila Mamza died on 4 April 2010 after
months of protracted illness and Emir of Askira, Mai Mohammed
Askirama the Second (died August 2011) and was succeeded by his son
Bala.
In July 2014, the villages of Huyim and Dille in Askira/Uba LGA were
attacked by suspected Boko Haram gunmen, with nine and thirty-eight
deaths respectively. The attackers came from the Sambisa Forest.
Displaced residents "need help from governments and spirited
individuals."
Impact crisis: Unknown
Accessibility: Next to Sambisa Forest, congregation point for BH, limited accessible
Security: North Askira insecure
Organisations active: SWNI, WFP, MSF Spain, UNICEF, WHO, DRC, IOM
5
Damages: Unknown
Ongoing
Reconstruction:
GSS Askira; Emir Palace Askira; LGA Secretariat; SS Office Askira;
GSS Uba; Police Station; Lassa Mosque (3); Chul Mosque; Chul PS
Displacement/ return: 160,000 returnees (April 2017)
2 camps (unofficial)
3. BAMA
Capital: Bama
Wards/ settlements: Bama District:
Alhajiri; Bama; Burari; Dipchari; Goniri ; Hausari; Iza; Jeree; Kasugula;
M. Mastari; Mairi; Malum Mustari; Ndobe; Ngurosoye; Said; Shehuri;
Sir Ajaa; Tandari
Gulumba District:
Bagumari; Bakara; Batra; Bulamanga; Burguma ; Guluma ; Gulumba;
Gulumba-Gana; Jaburi; Jakkure; Kash-kash; Kashimiri; Kutila; Malam-
Koriri; Ndoria; Ngureri; Walasa; Zangeri
Dar-eljamal District:
Borwashe; Bulongu; Dar-el Jamal ; Dipchari ; Jere; Kotenbe ; Mbuliya
Soye District:
Abbaram; Jandiri; Kajeri; Mala Ajiri ; Nguro Soye
Ya biri District
Banki; Buduwa; Ghongolo; Tarmuwa Kura; Yabiri Gana; Yabiri Kura;
Yawe
Amchaka District
Amchaka; Chachile; Dara; Malge; Marka ; Ndire ; Wnilibari
Woloji District
Barki, Bula Umar; Darai; Dusuwa ; Jinner ; Jumeili ; Kote; Kumshe;
Maksomari; Modileyegoru; Yarwa
Location: East Borno, border Cameroon
Total area: 4,997 km2; population 269,986 (2006 census)
Infrastructure: 2 Helipads (Bama, Banki),
Economy: Agriculture, Extensive livestock, trade
6
History: The town was attacked by Boko Haram in May 2013 and February 2014.
As of 22 June 2014, the two border towns of Bama and Gwoza have been
cut off since the declaration of a state of emergency with soldiers
blocking the roads linking the town to the state
capital, Maiduguri. Escapees from Bama were forced to take bush routes
through Dikwa, a town 60km away from Bama and 150km from
Maiduguri to get to the state capital.
On September 2, 2014, Boko Haram seized control of Bama, according
to the town's residents. In December 2014, it was reported that "people
too elderly to flee Gwoza Local Government Area were being rounded
up and taken to two schools where the militants opened fire on them."
Over 50 elderly people were killed. A "gory video" was released of
insurgents shooting over a hundred civilians in a school dormitory in the
town of Bama.
On 16 March 2015, the Nigerian army said that it had recaptured the city.
On 22 June 2016, the NGO Medicins Sans Frontiers (MSF) reported a
"catastrophic humanitarian emergency" in a camp for refugees
fleeing Boko Haram near the town of Bama. They stated that more than
1,200 people have died of starvation and illness at the camp. They also
reported that between 23 May 2016 and 22 June 2016, at least 188 people
have died at the camp (almost six per day), mainly from malnutrition and
diarrhoea.
Impact crisis: The market and shops along the Bama – Banki main road were
destroyed, and thousands were killed.
Accessibility: Accessible Bama and Banki by air, and between towns. North Bama
inaccessible
Security: Apart from Bama and Banki – INSECURE
Organisations active: DRC, Intersos, WFP, MSF Spain, MSF Swiss, UNICEF, WHO, CCHD,
IOM, SMWASD, UNFPA, MSF France
Damages: Unknown
Ongoing
reconstruction:
LGA secretariat; Police Command Complex; Shehu’s Palace; Bama road
housing estate 250 flats
Displacement/ return: No data
Bama town is partially being reconstructed, however residents are till
now not allowed to return to their residences.
2 official camps hosting 50,000 + residents
7
4. BAYO
Capital: Biriyel
Wards/ settlements: Biriyel District: Balbaya; Bera Fulani; Bulama Kabi; Chamgum; Dagon
Zaga; Dawal; Fikayah; Gadaba; Gaidam; Gama dadi; Garun Gado;
Gedaba; Gubeli; Guburunde; Gumjara; Hara-Guwal; Jara Bah; Jara
Guwal; Jauro Garga; Kabara; Kanawa; Karko; Kukal; Laro; Limanti;
Maduya; Maina Baba; Nyawi; Sakdiya; Tale; Tashan Itashe; Tashan
tsamiya; Tenteni; Tundun Wada; Wuyo; Yababa; Yarda; Zange; Zara;
Location: South Borno
Total area : 956 km2 ; population 79,000 (2006 census) ; Postal code :
603
Infrastructure: Unknown
Economy: The economy is mixed agricultural, based on herding cattle, goats, sheep,
horses, and donkeys and farming sorghum, millet, maize, cowpea,
and cotton. Agriculture consists mostly of small farms using traditional
methods.
History Bayo is one of the 4 LGA’s that constitute the Biu Emirate. For more
information see there.
Impact crisis: Bayo is one of the 3 Borno LGA’s who have not experienced the impact
of the crisis as the other 24 LGA’s
Accessibility: ACCESS
Security: SECURE
Organisations active: UNICEF, WHO, State Ministry WASD
Damages: Unknown
Displacement/ return: 2,770 returnees
No camps
8
5. BIU
Capital: Biu
Wards/
settlements:
Balbaya; Buratai; Charenji; Chemi Moda; Dula; Filin Jirgi; Galdimare; Garundana;
Gunda; Kabura; Kimba; Kirkidum; Kogu; Kukurpu; Kumari; Kwaya Tera; Maina
Hari; Mandafuma; Mandagirau; Mangada; Mbulamile; Mirnga; Sabon Layi; Tum;
Wakama; Wonka; Wuyo; Yamarkumi; Zara;
Location: South Borno
Population: 176,000 (census 2006)
Infrastructure: As of 2010, the Gombe-Biu-Mubi road was in poor repair.
Economy: The LGA is mostly located in the northern Guinea savannah (NGA) agro-ecological
zone, with a small portion in the northeast, the Kimba area, lying in the dryer Sudan
savannah zone. The economy is mixed agricultural, based on herding cattle, goats,
sheep, horses, and donkeys and farming sorghum, millet, maize, cowpea,
and cotton. Agriculture consists mostly of small farms using traditional methods.
There is a small mining industry in Biu, with iron ore, gravel,
magnesite, uranium, feldspar, topaz, mica, granite, aquamarine, nephelite,
and salt being extracted.
History: The Biu kingdom became established around 1670 in the reign of Mari Watila
Tampta. King Mari Watirwa (r. 1793–1838), whose capital was near Biu at Kogu,
defeated Fulani invaders from the Gombe Emirate to the west. In 1878 Mari Biya,
became the first Babur king to rule from Biu. The name of Biu was initially called
Viu which in Babur and Bura Language means “high”. The emir’s palace is now
situated in the town.
With British rule, Biu division was created in 1918. Mai Ari Dogo was
acknowledged as the first emir of Biu in 1920. The area became known as the Biu
federation after 1957, when the districts of Shani and Askira were added to the
emirate.] Maidalla Mustafa dan Muhammad (b. 1915) became Mai Biu, also styled
Kuthli, in 1959.
The inhabitants of the region are mainly Pabir known as the “Babur”,
Bura, Tera, Marghi, Mina and Fulani people.[3] Babur, Bura, Tera, Marghi and
Mina are Biu–Mandara languages of the Chadic language group.[5]
Impact crisis: Unknown
Accessibility: ACCESS
Security: PARTIALLY SECURE
Organisations
active:
CAI, ECR, EYN, MC, SCI, UNICEF, WHO, CFL, SCI, SMWASD, UNFPA
Damages: Unknown
Ongoing
Reconstruction:
Debiro PS; Kimba Central Mosque
Displacement/
return:
8,360 returnees
1 Unofficial camp
9
6. CHIBOK
Capital: Chibok
Wards/ settlements: Chibok District. Bwalagyang; Chibok; Forfor; Garu; Gatamwarwa;
Kautikare; Kautikari; Korogillum; Korogillum A …
Location: South Borno
Population: 66,105 (2006 census), total area: 1,350 m2
Infrastructure: On the main road
Economy: Small scale agriculture, transhumance, small trade
History: The town of Chibok is primarily a Christian village with
a Muslim minority. Most of the village speaks the Kibaku language.
On 14 November 2014, it was reported that the Islamist group Boko
Haram had taken control of the town and implemented Sharia law.
Nigerian military announced a few days later that they had recaptured the
village.
It is one of the sixteen LGAs that constitute the Borno Emirate,
a traditional state located in Borno State, Nigeria.
In January 2015, the BringBackOurGirls group aired concerns over plans
by the Independent National Electoral Commission(INEC) to exclude
Chibok and some communities currently under the control of Boko
Haram from receiving permanent voter cards (PVCs) for the 2015
Nigerian general election.
Impact crisis: Chibok was partially overrun by Boko Haram, and the kidnapping of the
girls in 2015 remains still the highest profile incident.
Accessibility: Partially accessible
Security: The centre is secure; however surroundings remain insecure.
Organisations active: MSF Spain, UNICEF, WHO, DRC, IOM
Damages: Unknown
Ongoing
Reconstruction:
LGA secretariat; 50 Housing Units; General Hospital
10
Displacement/ return: 22,250 returnees
1 unofficial camp
7. DAMBOA
Capital: Damboa
Wards/ settlements:
Location: Central South Borno
6,219 km² and a population of 233,200 at the 2006 census.
The postal code of the area is 601
Infrastructure: Damboa is at the junction of several major roads between north and
south, and east and west
Economy: Trade, subsistence farming, transhumance
History Damboa is one of the 16 LGA’s that constitute the Borno Emirate.
A 2012 article in Vanguard News noted the death of Alhaji Lawan Kabu,
former Chairman Damboa Local Government Area. It suggested that
some of the perpetrators of violence in Borno State were using Boko
Haram as an excuse for political violence.
A 28 May 2014 report in the Premium Times quoted "a spokesperson of
the local vigilante" as saying:
“Places like Talasla, Ajigin, Mangozam, Abima, Abulam, Keloruwa; all
within Damboa Local Government Area have now been taken over by
the Boko Haram gunmen”.
A 25 June 2014 report of an attack on a military post at Bulabulin Ngaura
was not confirmed by military sources.
On 26 June 2014, Borno State Governor Kashim Shettima had "ordered
an investigation into alleged abduction of 60 women by suspected
insurgents in Damboa Local Government Area," in the villages of
Kummabza, Yaga and Dagu.
An 18 July 2014 indicated that Damboa had been attacked, with "at least
18 dead ... Eyewitnesses told the BBC that half of Damboa had been
burnt down, including the town's main market."
As of 19 October 2014, the town was under Boko Haram control;
however, the Arewa Consultative Forum (ACF) had "issued an official
statement ... saying that the ceasefire deal announced by government
11
must be followed with the return of all territories captured by the
insurgents." On 21 October, 35 insurgents were killed in an attack by 195
Battalion of the 7 Division of the Nigerian Army.
Impact crisis: Largely emptied of population
Accessibility: West and south partially accessible, east inaccessible (Sambezi forest)
Security: Damboa is secured, remaining of the LGA insecure
Organisations active: MC, Oxfam, UNICEF, WHO, CCHD, EYN, SMWASD, UNFPA, POH,
NRCS
Damages: Unknown
Ongoing
Reconstruction
LGA secretariat; LGA Lodge; Police Station; District Head Palace;
Shopping Complex (Market) Block; Sabon Gari PS; General Hospital
Displacement/ return: No data
3 official camps hosting 16,000+
8. DIKWA
Capital: Dikwa (25,300 inhabitants, 2010)
Wards/ settlements:
Location: Central east Borno State
Area of 1,774 km², the 2006 census gave an estimated number of
105,909 inhabitants. The postal code of the area is 611.
Infrastructure: Helipad, main road to Cameroon
Economy: Subsistence farming, transhumance, small trade
History Dikwa used to be part of the kingdom of Borno before being captured
by Rabih in 1893. The latter had the place fortified and Dikwa became
the capital of his kingdom from 1893 to 1900.
In 1900, the French defeated Rabih and captured Dikwa. The town was
handed over to the Germans in 1902 because of a treaty signed in 1893
between the Germans and the British which stipulated that the town of
Dikwa should become German. This treaty is at the origin of the Dikwa
Emirate.
12
Between 1902 and 1916, Dikwa was the capital of what the Europeans
called German Borno. After the First World War until 1961, the town
and the Dikwa Emirate were administered by the British under a League
of Nations Mandate and a United Nations Trusteeship agreement. In
1942, Dikwa ceased to be the capital of the Dikwa
Emirate. Bama became the capital of the Emirate which kept its name
as Dikwa Emirate.
In 1961, after a United Nations plebiscite, the town and the Dikwa
Emirate became officially Nigerian.
Impact crisis: Largely emptied of population
Accessibility: Partially accessible through helicopter and main road to Mafa and
Gambara Gala
Security: Secondary roads inaccesible
Organisations active: IOM, WFP, POH, WHO, MSF France, CCHD, FHI360, IO, SMWASD,
UNFPA, WINN, NRCS
Damages: Unknown
Ongoing
Reconstruction:
General Hospital; 350 flats
Displacement/ return: 22,500 returnees
7 official camps hosting 61,000+
6 unofficial camps
9. GUBIO
Capital: Gubio
Wards/ settlements: Gubio district:
Location: North Borno State
It has an area of 2,464 km² and a population of 152,778 at the 2006
census. The postal code of the area is 602.
Infrastructure: The primary road through Gubio runs north towards Damasak and south
towards Maiduguri.
13
Economy: Subsistence farming, transhumance, small trade
History: It is one of the sixteen LGAs that constitute the Borno Emirate,
a traditional state located in Borno State, Nigeria.
Impact crisis: Unknown
Accessibility: Partially accessible
Security: Partially secure
Organisations active: SUBEB, UNICEF, WHO
Damages: Unknown
Ongoing
reconstruction:
400 flats
Displacement/ return: 28,250 returnees
No camps
10. GUZAMALA
Capital: Gudumbali
Wards/ settlements:
Location: North Borno
It has an area of 2,517 km² and a population of 95,648 at the 2006
census. Postal code is 612.
Infrastructure: Unknown
Economy: Subsistence farming, transhumance, fishery, small trade
History The Kanuri ethnic group lives in the LGA.
It is one of the sixteen LGAs that constitute the Borno Emirate,
a traditional state located in Borno State, Nigeria.
Impact crisis: Emptied of population
Accessibility: Inaccessible
Security: Insecure, under control Boko Haram
Organisations active: WHO
Damages: Unknown
Displacement/ return: No data
No camps
14
11. GWOZA
Capital: Gwoza
Wards/ settlements: Gwoza, Kirawa; Pulka; Ashigashiya; Ngoshe; Agapalawa; Amuda;
Arbako; Ashigashiya; Attagara; Barderi; Barawa; Chinene; Cikide
(Chikide); Gava; Guduf; Hirdembeh; Izghe; Joghode; Kaghum; Kerawa
(Kirawa); Kundeh; Kwatara; Pelekwa; Nggoshe; Ngoshe; Pulka; Sabon
Gari; Vale;
Location: East Borno State
Total population (2006 census): 276,312; total area: 2,883 km2. Postal
code: 610
Infrastructure: 2 helicopter pads, 2 major roads
Economy: Subsistence farming, trade, transhumance
History: The Lamang (speaking) groups are found along the western plains of the
Northern Mandaras, with Gwoza as their centre town. The Lamang as an
ethnic group needs to be distinguished from the Lamang speaking
groups. Muller-Kosack believes Wala A and B (Fachikwe) are ethnically
not Lamang but Zelidva (see page Zelidva). It is unclear how much
Uvagha and Limankara (south of Gwoza) as well as Waga (north of
Madagali) see themselves as ethnic Lamang. Muller-Kosack (1999)
believes that in an historical sense only the Hidkala, consisting of Vile,
Hambagda, and Hudugum, are Lamang proper, but the Lufua too see
themselves as Lamang. Gwoza Town consists of a multi-ethnic
population, whereas Gwoza Wakane is the Lamang part of Gwoza Town.
Apart from Waga (which belongs to Madagali) all Lamang settlements
belong to the Gwoza Local Government Area.
Impact crisis: The terrain is rocky and hilly. The Gwoza Hills, with heights of about
1300m above sea level provides scenery and is made up of the Mandara
Mountains, which form a natural barrier between Nigeria and Cameroon,
starting from Pulka. They overlook the game reserves by meandering
towards Mubi and beyond in Adamawa State.
The Gwoza LGA has been called "a notorious hide out for the Boko
Haram insurgents," who arrived in the area in 2009 from Maiduguri. The
area has suffered considerable violence as a result of the Islamist
insurgency in Nigeria, and in 2014, saw an influx of Boko Haram
fighters fleeing Sambisa Forest.
15
As of 23 June 2014, "reports indicated that the whole of Gwoza was
under attack. The report could not be substantiated because most
telephone masts in Gwoza and surrounding villages have been
vandalized by insurgents."Deutsche Welle reported that "Roads out of
the region are extremely dangerous and phone connections are poor to
nonexistent."
As of 19 October 2014, an estimated 3,000 Gwoza residents displaced by
fighting are "squatting on the fringes of Abuja", according to a local
relief committee spokesman, with "the need for shelter, food, clothing
and medicare for the displaced also becoming dire."
On 27 March 2015, the day before the Nigerian presidential election,
the Nigerian Army announced that it had recaptured the town of Gwoza
from Boko Haram. According to AllAfrica.com, "Gwoza, one of the
largest towns in Borno, fell under the control of Boko Haram terrorists
on August 6, 2014."
Accessibility: Through air, 1 road open, 1 closed
Security: Largely insecure
Organisations active: SWNI, WFP, MSF Spain, UNICEF, WHO, SmoH, SPHCDA, DRC,
IOM, Oxfam
Damages: No data
Ongoing
reconstruction:
Emir Palace Gwoza; Central Mosque Gwoza; Police Station: Sabon Gari
PS; Fulka PS; General Hospital
Displacement/ return: 16,000 returnees
3 official camps hosting 8,000
12. HAWUL
Capital: Azare
Wards/ settlements:
Location: South Borno
It has an area of 2,098 km² and a population of 120,314 at the 2006
census. The postal code of the area is 603
16
Infrastructure:
Economy: Transhumance, subsistence farming
History One of the four LGA’s that constitute the Biu Emirate
Impact crisis: Limited
Accessibility: Accessible
Security: Secure
Organisations active: CA UK, JDPH, UNICEF, WHO, SMWASD
Damages: No data
Ongoing
Reconstruction:
Kwajaffa PS
Displacement/ return: 11,800 returnees
No camps
13. JERE
Capital: Khaddamari
Wards/ settlements: Jere district: 15 villages
Location: Central Borno, bordering Maiduguri
Area of 868 km² and a population of 211,204 at the 2006 census
Infrastructure: Several main roads passing through Jere
Economy: Trade, rice growing, small agriculture and animal husbandry
History: One of the sixteen LGA’s that constitute the Borno Emirate
Impact crisis: Recipient of large numbers of IDP’s
Accessibility: Accessible
Security: Secure
Organisations active: IOM, CAI, ECR, AAH/ACF, CA UK, CRS, DRC, EYN, MSF France,
NRC, SCI, WFP, YFWP, ALIMA, IMC, IRC, MSF Belgium, POH,
UNICEF, WHO, IMC, MdM France, SMoH/ SPHCDA, CCHD,
GEPDC, NF, Plan, SMWASD, UNFPA, WINN, CIDAR, MSF France,
Oxfam, RUWASSA
Damages: No data
Displacement/ return: No data
35 unofficial camps
16 official camps hosting 69,000+
17
14. KAGA
Capital: Benisheikh
Wards/ settlements: Kaga district: 48 villages
Location: West Borno
It has an area of 2,700 km² and a population of 90,015 at the 2006
census. The postal code of the area is 601.
Infrastructure: Main road Maiduguri - Damaturu
Economy: Transhumance, subsistence farming, small trade
History One of the sixteen LGA’s that constitute the Borno Emirate
Impact crisis: Attacks in 2015 and 2016
Accessibility: Accessible along the main road
Security: Reasonably secure
Organisations active: IOM, CAI, ECR, DRC, IMC, WFP, MSF Spain, UNICEF, WHO, IOM,
UNFPA, CRS
Damages: No data
Ongoing
reconstruction:
100 housing units Mainok; 20 Housing units Benisheik; 160 housing
units Makinta Kururi; 152 Housing units Tamsu Kawu; Benisheik
Primary school; FRSC Office complex; Kaga LGA secretariat; Benisheik
Police Command Office/ Baracks; High Court Building; Cooperative
Office and Store; Low Cost Primary school; Magistrate Court building;
Tamandara PS; Makinta Kururi PS; Ngamdu PS (2); Ngamdu Jumma’at
Mosque; Ngamdu Central PS; Allajiri PS; Ngamdu Old Secretariat;
18
Displacement/ return: 26,000 returnees
6 official camps hosting 10,000 +
2 unofficial camps
15. KALA
Capital: Rann
Wards/ settlements: Rann district: 26 villages
Location: East Borno
It has an area of 1,896 km² and a population of 60,797 at the 2006
census. The postal code of the area is 611.
Infrastructure: One Helipad
Economy: Border with Cameroon, trade, transhumance, subsistence farming
History: It is one of the sixteen LGAs that constitute the Dikwa Emirate
Impact crisis: Largely emptied of its population. On May 14, 2014, local civilian
vigilantes repelled a raid by the terrorist group Boko Haram, killing over
200 militants. On May 31, 500 Boko Haram terrorists returned and
overwhelmed the vigilantes killing 40. In 2017 the Nigerian air force
accidently bombed an IDP camp with reportedly killing 234 IDP’s.
Accessibility: Road to Gambara Gala is open, large areas inaccesible
Security: Insecure
Organisations active: MSF Swiss, POH, PUI, UNICEF, WHO, Oxfam, NRCS
19
Damages: No data
Displacement/ return: No data
2 unofficial camps
16. KONDUGA
Capital: Konduga
Wards/ settlements: Konduga district: 14 villages; Auno district: 15 villages;
Location: Central south Borno
Infrastructure: Main roads to Cameroon and to south Borno pass through Konduga LGA
Economy: As of 2006, most inhabitants were illiterate and engaged in subsistence
farming, with earnings below US$20 per annum. Most people did not
have access to potable water or electricity, and the roads are not passable
in the rainy season. Maternal mortality is high. A 2003 study identified
the main obstacles to accessing the hospital for emergency obstetric care
as lack of money and transportation difficulties. Soil fertility in the area
is declining.
History: a Local Government Area of the same name about 25 km to the southeast
of Maiduguri, situated on the north bank of the Ngadda River. The
population of the Konduga Local Government Area is about 13,400. It is
the birthplace of Senator Kaka Mallam Yale. The primary languages
are Shuwa Arabic, Kanuri and Wandala / Malgwa.
20
It is one of the sixteen LGAs that constitute the Borno Emirate,
a traditional state located in Borno State, Nigeria.
Impact crisis: On 5 January 2015, "Troops of the 7 Division of the Nigerian Army ...
clashed with suspected members of the Boko Haram sect at Mainari
village in Konduga Local Government of Borno State." The community
has been the target of recruiting raids by Boko Haram.
Accessibility: Partially accessible along the main roads
Security: Security along the main roads
Organisations active: IOM, CAI, ECR, SUBEB, UNICEF, CA UK, DRC, IMC, NRC, Oxfam,
SC, WFP, YC, YFWP, IRC, WHO, CCHD, NF, SCI, SMWASD,
UNFPA, WINN, CA, EYN
Damages: No data
Ongoing reconstruction Jakana PS (2 blocks); Jakana Police Station; Auno 20 Housing Units;
Auno District Head Palace; Auno Central Mosque; LGA Secretariat;
Konduga Police Station; General Hospital;
Displacement/ return: 43,200 returnees
5 official camps hosting 13,000+
1 unofficial camp
17. KUKAWA
Capital: Kukawa
Wards/ settlements: Kanembu District: 21 villages
Location: North Borno, along Lake Chad
Infrastructure: A helicopter pad is in Baga town, along Lake Chad. Main roads to
Maiduguri and Damasak
Economy: Small trade, fishery, agriculture, livestock;
Baga is approximately 196km from Maiduguri, the capital of Borno
State. The "Doron Baga" fish market, as of 2000, was located about six
kilometres from the town. Baga used to lie on the border of Lake Chad
and was a fishing centre itself in the 1960s and 1970s, but the
diminishing size of the lake has caused fishermen to move, and others
have turned to subsistence farming
History: The town was founded in 1814 as capital of the Kanem-Bornu Empire by
the Muslim scholar and warlord Muhammad al-Amin al-Kanemi after
21
the fall of the previous capital, Ngazargamu, conquered in 1808 in the
Fulani War. The town had great strategical importance, being one of the
southern terminals of trans-Saharan trade routes to Tripoli.
The central square in 1851
The town was visited by German explorer Heinrich Barth in 1851 who
arrived from Tripoli seeking to open trade with Europe and explore
Africa, and again in 1892 by the French explorer Parfait-Louis Monteil,
who was checking the borders between areas of West Africa assigned to
the French and the British. The town was captured and sacked in 1893 by
the Sudanese warlord Rabih az-Zubayr, and then by the British in 1902.
Historically the city was much larger than today, with a population
estimated by the British at 50,000-60,000 in the late nineteenth-century.
On 16 January 2015, "caretaker chairman of Kukawa Local Government
Area, Musa Alhaji Bukar Kukawa", speaking on behalf of the Kukawa
residents who were displaced to Maiduguri following the 2015 Baga
massacre, "called on the federal government to intensify military
operations so that they can return to their homes."
Towns in the Kukawa Local Government Area include Cross Kauwa and
Baga.but there is no place called Kukawa apart from the local
government
It is one of the sixteen LGAs that constitute the Borno Emirate, a
traditional state located in Borno State, Nigeria.
Impact crisis: 2013 Baga massacre
In April 2013, over 185 people were killed and over 2000 homes in Baga
were destroyed as a result of fighting between the Nigerian military and
the Boko Haram Islamist group.
2015 Baga massacre
In January 2015, Boko Haram again attacked the town, seizing it and the
military base used by a multinational force set up to fight them. The town
was burned and the people massacred — perhaps 2000 deaths — the
largest such massacre in Boko Haram's history. Some residents escaped
to nearby Chad.
Satellite imagery taken on 2 and 7 January was released by Amnesty
International showing that in Baga, which is "less than two square
kilometres in size, approximately 620 structures were damaged or
completely destroyed by fire." In Doron Baga (or Doro Gowon), located
about 2.5 km away, fishing boats present on the 2nd were no longer
visible, and "more than 3,100 structures were damaged or destroyed by
fire affecting most of the 4 square kilometre town."
Accessibility: Main road to Baga limited accessible, helicopter
Security: INSECURE
Organisations active: WHO
Damages: Extensive damages (see impact)
Displacement/ return: 11,000 returnees
3 unofficial camps
22
18. KWAYA KUSAR
Capital: Kwaya Kusar
Wards/ settlements: Kwaya Kusar district: 72 villages
Location: South Borno
It has an area of 732 km² and a population of 56,500 at the 2006
census. The postal code of the area is 603
Infrastructure: Secondary roads
Economy: Subsistence farming
History: It is one of the four LGAs that constitute the Biu Emirate,
a traditional state located in Borno State, Nigeria.
Impact crisis: limited
Accessibility: Accessible
Security: SECURE
Organisations active: CA UK, JDPH, UNICEF, WHO, SMWASD
Damages: limited
Displacement/
return:
No data
No camps
23
19. MAFA
Capital: Mafa
Wards/ settlements: Mafa district: 16 villages
Location: Central Borno
It has an area of 2,869 km² and a population of 103,518 at the
2006 census. The postal code of the area is 611.
Infrastructure: Main road between Maiduguri and border
Economy: Trade, subsistence farming, transhumance
History: It is one of the sixteen LGAs that constitute the Borno Emirate,
a traditional state located in Borno State, Nigeria.
Impact crisis: On 2 February 2015, the Nigerian Army said it had recaptured
Mafa from Boko Haram, along with the nearby towns
of Gamboru, Abadam, Mallam Fatori, and Marte, following joint
military operations by Nigerian and Cameroonian forces, civilian
forces, and three days of Chadian airstrikes.
Accessibility: Mafa accessible along the road
Security: Main road secure
24
Organisations active: SUBEB, UNICEF, DRC, WFP, IMC, UNICEF, WHO, WINN,
Oxfam
Damages: Extensive damages
Ongoing
reconstruction:
General hospital; Police Station; Boarding PS; LGA secretariat;
District Head Palace; Township shops; GGASS; INEC Office;
Central Primary School; Residential houses
Displacement/
return:
4,300 returnees
2 official camps hosting 6,000 +
20. MAGUMERI
Capital: Magumeri
Wards/ settlements: Magumeri district: 33 villages
Location: West Borno
It has an area of 4,856 km² and a population of 140,231 at the
2006 census. The postal code of the area is 602.
Infrastructure: Main road Maiduguri to Gubio
Economy: Small trade, subsistence farming, livestock
History: It is one of the sixteen LGAs that constitute the Borno Emirate,
a traditional state located in Borno State, Nigeria.
Impact crisis: Raids by Boko Haram as late as March 2017
Accessibility: Main road accessible;
Security: Rural areas insecure;
Organisations active: SUBEB, UNICEF, AAH/ ACF, WFP, WHO
Damages: Extensive damages Magumeri town
Displacement/
return:
9,750 returnees
3 unofficial camps
25
21 MAIDUGURI
Capital: Maiduguri
Wards/ settlements: 22 districts
Location: Central Borno
Maiduguri, also called Yerwa by its locals, is the capital and the
largest city of Borno State in north-eastern Nigeria. The city sits
along the seasonal Ngadda River which disappears into
the Firki swamps in the areas around Lake Chad. Maiduguri was
founded in 1907 as a military outpost by the British and has since
grown rapidly with a population exceeding a million by 2007.
Maiduguri is estimated to have a population of 1,907,600, as of
2007. Its residents are
mostly Muslim including Kanuri, Hausa, Shuwa, Bura, Marghi,
and Fulani ethnic groups. There is also a
considerable Christian population and people from Southern
states such as the Igbo, Ijaw, and Yoruba.
Infrastructure: Good
Economy: Maiduguri is home to three markets which include an ultra-
modern "Monday market" that has a spectacular satellite image
view. There is an ancient museum, and the city is served by
the Maiduguri International Airport.
The city has one of the best layouts in Nigeria. The values of land
and properties are high. A 2009 survey of property markets in
Nigeria positioned Maiduguri as the third most expensive for
buying and renting in after Abuja and Lagos.
Maiduguri is the principal trading hub for north-eastern Nigeria.
Its economy is largely based on services and trade with a small
26
share of manufacturing. The city lies at the end of a railway
line connecting Port Harcourt, Enugu, Kafanchan, Kuru, Bauchi,
and finally Maiduguri. History:
The region was home to the Kanem-Bornu Empire for centuries.
Maiduguri consists of two cities: Yerwa to the West and Old
Maiduguri to the east. Old Maiduguri was selected by the British
as their military headquarters while Yerwa was selected at
approximately the same time by Shehu Abubakar Garbai of
Borno to replace Kukawa as the new traditional capital of the
Kanuri people.
Maiduguri is one of the sixteen LGAs that constitute the Borno
Emirate, a traditional state located in Borno State, Nigeria.
Since the mid-1960s, Maiduguri has witnessed outbreaks of large
inter-religious riots. Members of religious sects led
intercommunal violence in 1982 and 2001.
On 18 February 2006, riots related to the Muhammad
cartoons published by the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten left
at least 15 people dead, and resulted in the destruction of
approximately 12 churches. Soldiers and police quelled the riots,
and the government temporarily imposed a curfew.
In 2002, a Muslim cleric named Mohammed Yusuf founded the
Islamist group Boko Haram in Maiduguri, establishing a mosque
and an Islamic school that attracted children from poor Muslim
families from both Nigeria and neighbouring countries. In July
2009, Maiduguri was the scene of major religious violence
throughout Northeast Nigeria committed by Boko Haram, which
left over 700 people dead.
Impact crisis: Hosting large numbers of IDP’s
Accessibility: Accessible
Security: Good, with intermittent Boko Haram terrorist attacks
Organisations active: IOM, OCHA, CAI, ECR, SUBEB, UNICEF, AAH/ACF,
AHCFF, CA UK, DHCBI, EYN, MSF FRANCE, NRC, PUI,
SCI, SEMA, WFP, ZOA, IMC, IRC, MDM FRANCE, MSF
BELGIUM, POH, WHO, SMOH/ SPHCDA, CCHD, GEPDC,
NF, PLAN, SMWASD, UNFPA, WINN, CIDAR, OXFAM
Damages: Limited
Displacement/
return:
No data
8 official camps 42,000+
22 MARTE
Capital: Marte
Wards/ settlements: It has an area of 3,154 km² and a population of 129,370 at the
2006 census.
Location: North Borno, near Lake Chad
Infrastructure:
Economy: Agriculture and fishery
27
In 2013, according to PM News,
5,000 hectares (12,355 acres) of wheat and rice were left to rot in
the Marte area of Borno near Lake Chad after 19,000 farmers
abandoned their farms. “We lost 200 metric tonnes of wheat
because of the exodus,” said Abubakar Gabra Iliya, head of the
Lake Chad Basin Development Agency, based in the Borno state
capital, Maiduguri. A 2012 NEMA report said that violence
linked to the Boko Haram insurgency has caused 60 percent of
farmers to leave the fertile region.
Impact crisis: In May 2014, Boko Haram attacked villages in Marte LGA,
according to The Punch. Kirenowa town had about 20 deaths,
with one observer stating that over 60 houses were burnt. In the
town of Ngurmuji, over 40 deaths were reported.
In Gurmushi Village, a "remote border community" on the
Nigeria-Cameroon border, 40 deaths were reported. However, this
claim could not be verified as of May 28.
On 2 February 2015, the Nigerian Army said it had recaptured
Marte from Boko Haram, along with the nearby towns
of Gamboru, Mafa, Mallam Fatori, and Abadam, following joint
military operations by Nigerian and Cameroonian forces, civilian
forces, and three days of Chadian airstrikes. However, in August
2016, Borno State government stated that Marte still hadn't been
fully cleared of Boko Haram control.
Accessibility: Not accesible
Security: Insecure
Organisations
active:
None
Damages: Severe
Displacement/
return:
No data
No camps
23 MOBAR
Capital:
Wards/ settlements:
Location:
Infrastructure:
Economy:
Impact crisis:
Accessibility:
Security:
Organisations
active:
MSF Swiss, WHO, NRCS, POH
Damages:
Ongoing
reconstruction:
Liwanti PS; Zanna Umarti PS; Moh’d Goni Central PS; Damasak
PS; District Head Palace; Damasak Central Market; Damasak 20
Housing units
Displacement/
return:
32,130 returnees
No camps
28
MONGUNO
Capital:
Wards/ settlements:
Location:
Infrastructure:
Economy:
Impact crisis:
Accessibility:
Security:
Organisations
active:
IOM, AAH/ ACF, WFP, ALIMA, CCHD, IOM, IRC, MSF –
France, NRC, POH, UNICEF, WHO, SWWASD, UNFPA,
RUWASSA
Damages:
Displacement/
return:
31,500 returnees
11 official camps 105,000 +
NGALA
Capital:
Wards/ settlements:
Location:
Infrastructure:
Economy:
Impact crisis:
Accessibility:
Security:
Organisations
active:
IOM, DRC, SIF, WFP, MSF Swiss, POH, UNICEF, WHO,
CCHD, FHI360, IRC
Damages:
Displacement/
return:
36,760 returnees
1 official camp 35,000+
NGANZAI
Capital:
Wards/ settlements:
Location:
Infrastructure:
Economy:
Impact crisis:
Accessibility:
Security:
Organisations
active:
AAH/ ACF, WHO, MSF Spain, IOM
29
Damages:
Displacement/
return:
9,750 returnees
1 official camp
9 unofficial camps
SHANI
Capital:
Wards/ settlements:
Location:
Infrastructure:
Economy:
Impact crisis:
Accessibility:
Security:
Organisations
active:
UNICEF, WHO, MSF Spain
Damages:
Displacement/
return:
No data
No camps
