BE project report- sem7

8/7/2019 BE project report- sem7

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Contents

Sr No. Page Title Page No.

1 List of figures 2

2 Abstract 3

3 Introduction 4

3.1 The working flow 5

3.2 Proposed System 6

4 General idea of Implementation 7

5 Block Diagram 8

6 Technology and Programming language 12

7 Project Development Methodology and steps 138 Circuit Diagram 14

8.1 Circuit Description 15

8.2 Sensors 16

9 RF module 17

10 Scope and applications 18

10.1 Applications 18

10.2 Limitations 18

10.3 Drawbacks 18

10.4 Future modifications 19

11 References 20

1.List of Figures

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Sr.No Figure Page No1 Fig 3.1 Proposed system 6

2 Fig 4.1 General idea of implementation 7

3 Fig 5.1 Block diagram 8

4 Fig 8.1 Circuit Diagram 14

2.ABSTRACT

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WIRELESS REMOTE ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM FOR INDUSTRIAL

AUTOMATION is a system that collects data from various sensors at afactory, plant or in other remote locations and then manages and controls the

data.

This system is broadly used to portray control and management solutions in a

wide range of industries. Some of the industries where such system is used

are water management Systems, Environmental Control systems, Electric

Power and Manufacturing systems, Printing industry.

This is an all time favourite project for industrial application. Data acquisition

means to acquire values of physical parameters coming from various remote

locations or sensors; Monitoring means to continuously keep on watching the

acquired data and controlling means to control the various equipments si as to

maintain the value of the particular physical parameters within the confined

limits.

However, for the purpose of this project, we are concentrating on the printing

industry.

3.INTRODUCTION

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All industrial applications require collection of data in development,

production, quality control management, process control etc. The data

collected is used to make decisions and control the operation by the computer

without any human interface as per requirements, i.e., automation helps to

reduce human errors evolved in process applications. Because of automation

decision is achieved resulting into perfection of received data.

Data acquisition is collecting data from information that describes the given

situation. Data collection is important for any industrial application. The

collected data may be processed and delayed at the site itself so thatdecisions may be made.

Sometimes data acquisition may not be possible by traditional methods, as

the site may not be easily accessible due to geographical reasons or the site

may be hazardous to human life. Thus remote collection of data and the

control of the source is of prime importance in such a situation; this can be

done either using wired or wireless mode of communication.

3.1.The working flow

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The complete system is divided into 2 parts - Hardware and Software. The

hardware unit is further split into three units:

1. Transmitter

2. Receiver

3. Controller

4. Sensors

The transmitter unit is consisting of microcontroller, analog to digital

converter (ADC), Clock, Bluetooth Transmitter, power supply, antenna, etc.

The Transmitter will acquire values of physical parameters and will perform

digital conversion of them for further processing. This digital data is then

radiated using RF with the help of serial Transmission protocol by the

microcontroller.

Thus it is not necessary to keep the board close to PC; rather the

transmitting unit is to can be placed at a far place within the range of

Bluetooth link.

The job of receiver unit is to receive those incoming values and transfer

them onto the PC with the help of serial communication Virtual COM port on

USB Dongle.

The job of the controlling unit is to control the received parameters for

optimum working of device. It helps the device to operate within the specified

range.

The software will display the data (Voltage values) of all channels in real

time and will store them into database for future reference. Then graphical

and many more analysis on the stored data can be performed later on

interactively.

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3.2The Proposed System

The above proposed system will be divided into the following sub modules or

sections

Fig3.1

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4. GENERAL IDEA OF IMPLEMENTATION

Fig4.1

Above shown would be the PC end interface for the wireless module.

5. BLOCK DIAGRAM

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Fig5.1

Details of Block diagram:

The following are the brief explanations of the working principle of the various

major blocks used in the system.

Power Supply

this unit will supply the various voltage requirements of each unit. This

will consists of transformer, rectifier & regulator. It will convert 230 V

AC into desired 5V/12V DC.

Microcontroller

This unit is the heart of the complete system. It is actually responsible

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for all the process being executed. It will monitor and control all the

peripheral devices or components connected in the system. In short we

can say that the complete intelligence of the system resides in the

software code embedded in the microcontroller.

This requires +5V DC for its proper operation.

LCD16X2

It is called Liquid Crystal display. We are going to use 16x2 character

LCD. This will be connected to microcontroller, the job of LCD will be to

display all the system generated messages coming from the controller.

LCD will provide interactive user interface.

This unit requires +5V DC for its operation.

ADC8-bit

This unit is one of the most important unit in the embedded system as

microcontroller uses this to understand various analog parameter

incoming from transducers. He job of this section is to convert the

analog input signals into its equivalent digital value. Here we are using

8-bit Data lines, 3-bit Address lines and some control lines. Also it

requires clock pulses for its internal operation which will be given by

555 timer section.

This unit requires +5V DC for its operation.

555Timer

The 555monolithic timing circuit is a highly stable controller capable of

creating time delays or oscillations, accurately. Here we are using it in

Astable Multivibrator mode for generating clock pulses. The frequency

depends upon the external register connected to the IC.

This unit requires +5V DC.

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RelayDriverAs microcontroller cannot supply more current to driver high current

sinking device; we will use relay driver circuit to drive the relays. We

will use ULN2803 IC for this purpose. It has in built 8 Darlington Pairs

to drive 8 channels each of 300mA. Also it can bear upto 50 V. this unit

requires +12 V DC for its operation.

Relay

A relay is a simple electro mechanical switch made up of an electro

magnet and a set of contacts. Here we are using SPST (Single pole,

Single Throw)type relay. It will be used to Switch ON or OFF the

electrical path between 2 contacts. This unit requires +12v DC.

BluetoothModem

Bluetooth Modem is a device that acts as mediator between any

embedded system and Bluetooth communication medium. It has built-

in protocol for serial communication i.e. Serial Port Profile. Thus it

provides an ideal solution for developers who want to integrate

Bluetooth wireless technology into their design with limited knowledge

of Bluetooth and RF technologies.

This nit requires _3.3 V dc for its proper operation.

PC Serial Port Controlling

Serial port of PC is also referred as RS232 port. The connector is of

type 9 pin D-type Male connector. Generally we will use only pin-2

(Rx), pin-3(Tx) and pin-5(GND) for any type of communication system.

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In the software par we can use any one of the of following methods...

Using MSComm Control ActiveX The MSComm control providesserial communications for our application by allowing the transmission

and reception of data through a serial port software. MSComm is used

as a serial port software interface. MSComm provides us the software

interface and insulates us from the functioning of the underlying

hardware.

Using System.IO.Ports Namespace this is a part of .net framework.

This is an intrinsic way of serial port communication. In this namespace

we will use SerialPort Class. This class provides synchronous and

event-driven I/O, access to pin and break states, and access to serial

driver properties.

Database Manager

A database management system(DBMS) consists of software that

operates databases providing storage, access, security, back up and

other facilities. Databases are designed to offer an organized

mechanism for storing, managing and retrieving information. They do

so through the use of tables.

We can use any one of the following software and technologyfor

database managing

MS Access 2007 - Access allows us to manage our information in our

database file. It is easy to use. It is portable as can be easily copied &

pasted to any system and can run without installing the software.

MS SQL Server 2000 It is rather complex at installation part and

easy to use. The database developed on it cannot be easily copied and

pasted on another system. Also it requires the software to be installed

to use the database files.

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6. TECHNOLOGY AND PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

As microcontrollers are the core of these days digital circuit in industry,

this system uses it for the centralized operation and digital processing.

The technology used here is embedded technology which is the future

of todays modern electronics.

The following are the various Programming languages and

technologies that are going to be used in the proposed system

For Embedded system

Embedded technology

8051 family based controller

Embedded C Keil compiler

Dip trace software for PCB designing

For PC System

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VB6.0 Based application Software.

Serial Communication Protocol

MS Access 2007 based Database.

7. PROJECT DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGY

The following will be development steps so as to achieve the working

Prototype model of the above proposed system.

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1. Defining the problem.

2. Understanding the Need and usability in industry and society(Market analysis)

3. Developing block diagram.

4. Designing circuits of individual block.

5. Testing circuits in lab & finalizing.

6. Developing PCB on PC.

7. Getting the PCB printed.

8. Soldering the components.

9. Performing various Basic experiments to test the PCBs.

10.Testing of wireless module.

11.Developing flowchart for the entire process.

12.Writing actual software program.

13.Compilation & burning.

14.Testing and debugging.

15.Developing flowchart for PC side software.

16.Developing data flow diagram.

17.Writing actual code.

18.Finally running the system and,

19.Documentation.

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Fig8.1

8.1.Circuit Description

ICs to be used :-

P89V51RD2 Microcontroller.

The P89V51RB2/RC2/RD2 are 80C51 microcontrollers with 16/32/64kB flash

and 1024B of data RAM.The P89V51RB2/RC2/RD2 is also capable of IAP(In-

application programming), allowing the flash program memory to be

reconfigured even while the application is running.

Features 80C51 CPU 5V operating voltage from 0MHz to 40MHz 16/32/64kB

of on-chip ?ash user code memory with ISP and IAP Supports 12-clock

(default) or 6-clock mode selection via software or ISP SPI and enhanced

UART PCA with PWM and capture/compare functions Four 8-bit I/O ports with

three high-current port 1 pins (16 mA each) Three 16-bit timers/counters

Programmable watchdog timer Eight interrupt sources with four priority levels

Second DPTR register Low EMI mode (ALE inhibit) TTL- and CMOS-

compatible logic levels

LM7805 voltage regulator

This is three-terminal positive regulator. These regulators can provide local

on-card regulation ,eliminating the distribution problems associated with single

point regulation. Each type employs internal current limiting, thermal shut-

down and safe area protection making it essentially indestructible. If adequate

heat sinking Is provided, they can deliver over 1A output current.

MAX232 RS232 to TTL level converter

The Max 232 is a dual driver/receiver that includes a capacitive voltage

generator to supply TIA/EIA-232-F voltage levels from a single 5V supply.

Each receiver converts TIA/EIA-232-F to 5V TTL/CMOS levels. These

receivers have a typical threshold of 1.3V, a typical hysteresis of 0.5V and can

accept 30V inputs. Each driver converts TTL/CMOS to TIA/EIA-232-F levels.

Meets or exceeds TIA/EIA-232-Fand TU recommendation V.28.

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Operates with a single 5V power supply with 1F Charge pump

capacitors.

Operates upto 120kbits/s.

Two drivers and two receivers.

30V input levels. Low supply current. Typically 8mA.

ESD protection exceeds JESD

22 2000 V Human body model

Upgrade with improved ESD (15-kV HBM) and 0.1F Charge pumpcapacitors are available.

8.2.Sensors

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9. RF module

CC2500 RF Module (2.4 Ghz)

Features 2.4Ghz Carrier Frequency

255 possible channel

RS232 UART interface with variable baud Rate

Standard configuration baud rate 96600

Power LED indicator Input Supply 5V to 12V

2 run mode: Packet mode & Single byte transfer

Variable packet Length (0to40)

Programmable channels (0to255)

Programmable Device Address : 255 per channel

User Friendly GUI for Setting up RF Module and Test Module

Compact Size

Plug and Play Feature

Supported Baud Rate 3000, 600, 12000, 2400, 48000, 9600

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Fig 9.1

10. SCOPE AND APPLICATIONS

10.1.Applications:

There are numerous applications of the data acquisition

Some of the examples are:

It can be used in chemical plants , petrochemical plants, in which the

main physical parameters to be measured are pressure , temperature

flow. These parameters are critical since any change in the desiredvalue can be disastrous. If any change is known, immediate steps can

be taken.

Data acquisition can be used in commercial applications like digital

electric reading in which a person does not have to go to each electric

meter every month or in cases where electric meters are located far

away.

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It can have more accurate digital sensors so that the even slightest

error can be detected which can generate an alarm at the user end.

The data can be transmitted to the mobile station i.e. handsets and

satellite can be used to transmit data worldwide.

11.References

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1Embedded Books:[1] Muhammad Ali Mazidi, Janice Gillispie Mazidi,8051 Microcontrollerand Embedded Systems, Prentice-Hall,Page:183-193,236,243.[2]Dogan Ibrahim, Microcontroller Projects on C for the 8051,Newnes.Pages 29-161.[3] Kenneth J.Ayala, The 8051 microcontroller Architecture programmingand applications, West Publishing Company, Page 131-197

2

Electronic Books:

[1] Robert.L.Boylstead, Louis Nashelsky, Electronic Devices and circuittheory ,10th edition,Prentice-Hall,page 342,417,455.[2] R.P Jain, Digital Electronics, Tata McGraw-Hill.[3] Ramakant A.Gaekwad,Op-Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits, 4th

Edition, Prentice-Hall, Page:342,417.

3Embedded Websites:[1] www.beyondlogic.com[2]www.discovercircuits.com

[3]www.electronicsforu.com

4Other Websites:[1] www.alldatasheets.com[2]www.keil.com[3]www.wikipedia.com
http://www.beyondlogic.com/http://www.discovercircuits.com/http://www.electronicsforu.com/http://www.alldatasheets.com/http://www.keil.com/http://www.wikipedia.com/http://www.beyondlogic.com/http://www.discovercircuits.com/http://www.electronicsforu.com/http://www.alldatasheets.com/http://www.keil.com/http://www.wikipedia.com/

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BE project report- sem7