AN INTEGRATED APPROACH FOR UTILIZATION OF

BAGASSE PITH FOR PRODUCTION OF BIOETHANOL

& VALUE ADDED LIGNIN PRODUCTS

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF PETROLEUM (CSIR)

MOHKAMPUR, DEHRADUN – 248 005

20th February 2014, Thursday

CENTRAL PULP & PAPER RESEARCH INSTITUTE

SAHARANPUR, UP –247 001

Project Duration : 48 months

Executing Agency : Central Pulp & Paper Research Institute

(CPPRI), Saharanpur

Participating Agency : CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum

(CSIR-IIP), Dehradun

Total approved cost of the project (Rs in Lakhs):

CESS Contribution to CPPRI Rs. 15.00 Lakhs

CSIR-IIP Rs. 31.00 Lakhs

In Kind by Participating Institutions CPPRI Rs. 15.00 Lakhs

CSIR-IIP Rs. 14.00 Lakhs*

Total cost of the project Rs. 75.00 Lakhs

* for biomass hydrolyser Rs. 09.89 Lakhs02

Efficient utilization of pith by

dilute acid pretreatment of bagasse pith to maximize yield of sugars in the form of

xylose

saccharification of untreated or pretreated pith by acid / thermostable enzymes to

maximize sugar yield

Development of a viable process for production of bioethanol by

generating yeast biomass from pentose sugar and thus fermentation of hexose

sugars with generated cell biomass to ethanol at high temperature with

simultaneous recovery

Value added products from xylan & left over lignin rich biomass by

converting excess xylose stream into furfural and gasifying leftover lignin rich

biomass into producer gas or further into electricity

THE MAJOR OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT INVOLVED

Overall project has been aimed to deliver a commercially viable process to

produce value added products from the generated waste of cellulose based

paper industries

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PROCESS NOVELTY

Process is integrated with a bagasse based paper or sugar mill where no OPEX

cost involved due to procurement of feedstock

Process is designed to generate energy and value added chemicals and electricity

from a waste product of a paper mill which is presently used as a inefficient boiler

fuel for cogeneration

Fermentation with CSIR-IIP’s proprietary strain Kluyveromyces sp. (MTCC 5314)

a thermophilic yeast

High temperature and high density fermentation helps the process keep free of

contamination, shifts fermentation kinetics more faster to the positive direction,

easy recovery of ethanol and more importantly saving of nearly 40% of energy

requirement

Heterogeneous catalytic dehydration of xylose to furfural in a novel biphasic

reactor and easy furfural recovery from solvent phase

Offset of the energy requirement of the process by gasification of residual biomass

Environmental mitigation by efficient utilization of a waste product

04

ACHIEVEMENTS IN NUTSHELL

PROCESS TARGETED TARGET ACHIEVED

Depithing of bagasse > 70-80% removal of pith from sugarcane bagasse

Pretreatment of bagasse pith > 90% extraction of C5 sugar by acid and steam treatment

Enzymatic saccharification of

pretreated bagasse pith> 85% extraction of C6 sugar by cellulase enzyme

Recovery of enzyme for further

reuse

> 85% recovery of cellulase from saccharified broth for further

reuse in next cycle of saccharification

Generation of yeast biomassOptimum generation of yeast biomass from C5 sugar stream at

high temperature for ethanol fermentation

Pentose value additionCatalytic conversion of C5 stream into furfural (50%

conversion)

Ethanol fermentationFermentation of ethanol at high temperature (50OC) with

saccharified C6 broth with > 92% theoretical yield

Energy generation

Generation of producer gas and thus electricity from leftover

lignin rich biomass after maximum extraction of C5 & C6

sugars

Lignin value addition If not energy production then further lignin value addition

05

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HIGH TEMPERATURE GROWTH AND FERMENTATION

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BAGASSE PITH TO PRODUCTS WITH DIFFERENT PROCESSING STAGES

AN INTEGRATED PROCESS FOR PITH BASED BIOETHANOL

AND VALUE ADDITION

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1000 Kg sugarcane

bagasse pith

40 Kg acid &

8000 L steam

5 Kg

enzyme

288 Kg

hexose sugar

180 L

ethanol

70 Kg

furfural

producer gas

steam and acid pretreatment

enzymatic saccharification

with enzyme recycling

gasification

231 Kg

pentose sugar

catalytic conversion

biomass growth

fermentation

15-20 KWe

22.5 Kg yeast cell

INPUT OUTPUT

Rs. @ Rs. @ amount

Bagasse pith 2000 2/KgEthanol 6300 35/L 180 L

Acid 20 5/L

Media

components400 10/Kg

Furfural 6300 90/Kg 70 Kg

Electricity 40 2.5 /KW 15 KWEnzyme 600 2500/L

Manpower 5000 150000/ month

Utility and

other

expenses

3000 90000/month

Total 12640

Total 11020

GROSS PROFIT ~ RS. 50000 PER MONTH WITH 1TPD BAGASSE PITH BASED PLANT

TENTATIVE OPEX 1 TPD BASIS

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PILOT PLANT FOR BIOMASS HYDROLYSIS AND

SACCHARIFICATION

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FURFURAL SYNTHESIS PROCESS BY HETEROGENEOUS CATALYST IN

BI-PHASIC SYSTEM

H+ - 3H2O

xylose

furfural

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GASIFICATION OF LIGNIN RICH BIOMASS

DK Adhikari et al. (2012) US Patent :8227220

DK Adhikari et al. (2008) US Patent :0025NF2008

DK Adhikari et al. (2012) US Patent :8268600

DK Adhikari et al. (2012) PCT Patent :0170NF2012

PROCESS IS COVERED WITH MANY PATENTS AND PUBLICATIONS

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PUBLICATIONS

Sl No Authors Title of paperName of

journalVol. Page Year

1

Jain R.K

Thakur Vasanta V

Pandey Diwakar

Dixit A.K.

Adhikari D.K.,

Mathur R.M.

Bio-ethanol From Bagasse Pith A

Lignocellulosic Waste Biomass

From Paper/ Sugar Industry

IPPTA 23 169 2011

2

Vasanta V Thakur

Diwakar Pandey

RK Jain

RM Mathur

Second Generation Biofuels-

Bioethanol from Lignocellulosic

Materials

paper India 14 2011

3

Diptarka Dasgupta

Sunil Kumar Suman

Diwakar Pandey

Debashish Ghosh

Rashmi Khan

Deepti Agrawal

Rakesh Kumar Jain

Vasanta T Vadde

Dilip K Adhikari

Design and optimization of ethanol

production from bagasse pith

hydrolysate by a thermotolerant

yeast Kluyveromyces sp. IIPE453

using response surface methodology

SpringerPlus 2 159 2013

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Conferences../ seminars…

Vasanta V Thakur, Diwakar Pandey, RK Jain, RM Mathur (2011); “Second Generation

Biofuels-Bioethanol from Lignocellulosic Materials”; proceedings of the workshop

on “Biomethanation & Co-generation in Pulp & Paper Mill”; held at Kashipur

(Uttaranchal) from 25th & 26th Feb., 2011, organized by Indian Agro & Recycled Paper

Mill Association.

Jain RK, Thakur Vasanta V, Pandey Diwakar, Adhikari DK, Dixit AK, Mathur RM

(2011); “Bioethanol from Bagasse Pith: A Lignocellulosic Waste Biomass from

Paper/ Sugar Industry”; on “3E’s of Paper Industry- Energy, Environment &

Ecology”; IPPTA annual seminar held at Mumbai 3rd & 4th March 2011.

Jain RK, Thakur Vasanta V, Pandey Diwakar, Adhikari DK, Dixit AK, Mathur RM

(2011); “Agro Forestry Lignocellulosic Waste Biomass A Potential Source for

Biofuel”; National seminar on “Advance In Wood Science & Technology: Recent

Trends, Future Challenges & Opportunities” organized by FRI, Dehradun (Uttaranchal)

9th & 10th March 2011. (Poster)

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