98 SOALAN UANThI SPM 2018 Tips [4541/1] [4541/2] Chemistry · 100 SOALAN UANThI SPM 2018 JAAPAN boleh didapati di laman web 15 Which of the following is a chemical property of an

98 SOALAN ULANGKAJI SPM 2018

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ChemistryTips

[4541/1][4541/2]

1.0 FORMAT OF AN INSTRUMENT OF CHEMISTRY BEGINNING SPM 2003

2.0 TIPS TO SCORE "A" CHEMISTRY 2.1 Try to get :- Ü 40 marks above for paper 1 Ü 80 marks above for paper 2 Ü 40 marks above for paper 3 (Total = 160/2 = 80, A in SPM)

2.2 Master the topics that contains the basic concepts of chemistry : 1. The structure of the atom 2. Chemical Formula and Equations 3. Periodic Table 4. Chemical Bond

2.3 Master in important concepts which related in all the chapter in chemistry 1. Concept and calculation in mole 2. Chemical equation / ionic equation / half ionic equation 3. Electrochemistry series 4. Concentration of solution

2.4 Familiarize with different types of questions as listed below and complete the previous SPM papers: 1. Objectives questions (MCQ) (Paper 1) 2. Structured questions (Paper 2&3) 3. Essays (Paper 2) 4. Planning an experiment (Paper 3) 5. Draw and label the diagram 6. Writing chemical equation (balanced equation, ionic equation, half equation)

2.5 Do a lot of practice in paper 1 because score in paper 1 Indicates student's level of understanding in chemistry : i. Less than 20 - very weak ii. 20 - 25 - weak iii. 26 - 30 - average iv. 31 - 39 - good v. 40 - 45 - very good vi. 46 - 50 - excellent

No Item Paper 1 (4541/1) Paper 2 (4541/2) Paper 3 (4541/3)1 Type of instrument Objective test Subjective test Written Practical Test2 Type of item Mutiple choices Section A :

Structured ItemSection B : Essay restricted response ItemSection C :Essay extended response Item

Subjetive Item :Structured ItemExtended Response Item :(Planning an experiment )

3 Number of question 50 (answer all ) Section A : 6 (answer all)Section B : 2 (choose one)Section C : 2 (choose one)

Structured Item:1/2 items (answer all)Extended Response Item : 1 item

4 Duration of time 1 hour15 minutes

2 hour 30 minutes 1 hour 30 minutes

https://cikguadura.wordpress.com


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Chemistry Paper 1 [4541/1]

7 Which of the following substances is an electrolyte in molten state ?

A Aluminium oxide B Ethanol C Sulphur

D Glucose

8 Diagram 2 shows the apparatus for the separation of lead (II) sulphate salt from the product mixture

Diagram 2

Among these substances which is suitable for the production of lead (II) sulphate salt?

A Lead and sulphuric acid B Lead (II) nitrate solution and sodium sulphate solution C Lead (II) carbonate and sulphuric acid.

D Lead (II) nitrate solution and sodium hydroxide solution

9 Diagram 3 shows the apparatus set-up for the reaction between an acid and a metal

Diagram 3

Which of the following is not metal Q? A Tin C Copper B Zinc D Aluminium

10 Which oxides has acidic properties?

A MgO C Cl2O7 B Na2O D Al2O3

Each question is followed by four options. Choose the best option for each question and then blacken the correct spaceon the answer sheet.

1 Diagram 1 shows the electron arrangement for one atom of Y

Diagram 1

What is the number of proton for ion Y

A 10 B 11 C 12 D 13

2 Which of the following substance will undergo sublimation process when heated?

A Iodine B Sulphur C Sodium chloride D Lead (II) bromide

3 Which substance can be used to reduce gastric pain of a patient?

A Ammonia B Calcium carbonate

C Hydrochloric acid D Magnesium hydroxide

4 What is the main component found in pewter?

A Magnesium B Aluminium

C Iron D Tin

5 Which salt is insoluble in water?

A Potassium carbonate B Ammonium chloride C Calcium nitrate

D Silver chloride

6 The equations below represent reactions between propanoic acid and ethanol.

Which of the following is the homologous series for Q?

A Ester B Alkene C Alcohol

D Carboxylic acid

xx

x x

x x

xxxxx

C2H5COOH + C2H5OH Q + H2O

Lead (II) sulphate

Metal Q

Dilute nitric acid

Hydrogengas



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15 Which of the following is a chemical property of an acid?

A Turn red litmus paper blue B Reacts with a metal oxide to produce salt and oxygen C Reacts with a carbonate to produce salt, water and carbon dioxide

D Reacts with a reactive metal to produce salt and water

16 The following information is about the properties of a metal

Which metal has the properties stated above? A Potassium C Calcium B Aluminium D Iron

17 Which acid contains the highest number of hydrogen ions?

A 20 cm3 of 1 mol dm-3 phosphoric acid B 20 cm3 of 1 mol dm-3 carbonic acid C 20 cm3 of 1 mol dm-3 ethanoic acid

D 20 cm3 of 1 mol dm-3 nitric acid

18 When 1.02g of a metal oxide of Z is reduced, 0.54 g of the metal is obtained. Determine the empirical formula of the metal oxide. [RAM: O,16; Z,52]

A ZO2 B Z2O C ZO3

D Z3O

19 In a chemical reaction of calcium carbonate with hydrochloric acid, 180cm3 of carbon dioxide gas is collected at room temperature. What is number of mole of carbon dioxide collected?

[1 mole of gas occupies a volume of 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure]

A 0.0075 mol B 0.075 mol C 7.50 mol

D 1.75 mol

20 Substance X used in the room air conditional and fridge is in liquid form at -15 °C. Which of the following might be the melting point and boiling point of substance X.?

11 One mole of nitrogen, N2 and one mole of ammonia , NH3 have

A the same number of molecules B the same number of atoms C the same proton number D the same mass

12 Diagram 4 shows the structural formula of Vitamin C that is found in an orange

Diagram 4

What is the empirical formula of Vitamin C?

A C4H4O4 B C3H4O3 C C6H8O6 D C8H6O8

13 Diagram 5 shows an apparatus set-up to study the corrosion of iron

Diagram 5

Which metal container causes the iron nail to corrode the fastest?

A Magnesium C Zinc B Silver D Tin

14 An experiment is carried out to determine the empirical formula of copper (II) oxide.

The heating, cooling and weighing processes are done several times but a constant mass of the product is still not obtained.

Which of the following can be done to get a constant mass of the product?

A The combustion tube must be stoppered during weighing B The combustion tube must be slanted slightly during heating

C Dry hydrogen gas is passed through the combustion tube during cooling D Dry hydrogen gas is passed through the combustion tube non-stop during heating

Iron nailMetalContainer

Potassiumnitrate solution

• Able to form complex ions• Able to form coloured compounds• Have variable oxidation states

Melting point / 0C Boiling point/0C

A 10 120 B -12 30 C -80 -20 D -30 -10


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25 Table 1 shows the degree of dissociation of four solutions of alkalis which have the same concentration.

Table 1

Which solution has the lowest pH value? A P C R B Q D S

26 Diagram 6 shows Curve I are obtained when 2.0g of magnesium ribbon reacts with excessive nitric acid at the temperature of 40ºC

Diagram 6

Which of the followings can produces Curve II? A Using 1.0 g of magnesium powder B Increase the temperature of acid to 50°C C Using 3.0g of magnesium ribbon D Adding distilled water to nitric acid

27 Diagram 7 shows the process for the production of a nitrogen fertiliser

Diagram 7

What is substance X? A Sulphuric acid C Sulphur B Nitrogen D Sodium sulphate

28 Table 2 shows the voltage reading of three simple chemical cells formed by immersing a pair of metal electrodes into an electrolyte. What is the voltage produced by using P and S electrodes?

Table 2

A 0.7 Volt C 2.5 Volt B 2.2 Volt D 3.2 Volt

21 Which statement explains why the boiling point of the elements in Group 1 decreases down the group?

A The physical state of the elements changes from solid to liquid at room temperature

B The valence electron at the outermost shell becomes further from the nucleus C The attractive force of nucleus on the valence electron becomes weaker D The metallic bond between atoms becomes weaker

22

Which of the following is salt X? A Copper (II) carbonate B Ammonium nitrate C Zinc chloride D Iron (II) chloride

23 The figure below shows electron arrangement for YZ2 compound

Which pair below shows the possible group for Y and Z in the periodic table?

24 During the reaction between magnesium and chlorine to form a compound

A A magnesium atom shares a pair of electron with two chlorine atoms

B A magnesium atom shares two pairs of electron with two chlorine atoms C A magnesium atom donates two electrons to two

chlorine atoms D A chlorine atom donates two electrons to a magnesium atom

When sodium hydroxide solution is added to salt X and heated, a gas which turns moist red litmus paper to blue is produced. The gas produces white fumes with hydrogen chloride gas.

Z Y Z

● Valence electron for atom Y ○ Valence electron for atom Z

Y Z

A 2 17 B 16 17 C 14 16 D 17 16

Solution Degree of dissociation

P HighQ Very high R Low S Medium

II

I

Time

Volume of hydrogen gas/cm3

Ammonia Ammonium sulphate

Substance X

Electrodes Voltage / Volt Negative terminal

P/Q 2.7 PQ/R 2.0 RQ/S 0.5 Q


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34 The following equation represents the reaction between sodium chloride solution and lead(II) nitrate solution

What is the mass of lead (II) chloride precipitate produced when 50 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 sodium chloride solution reacts

completely with excess lead(II) nitrate solution? [Relative atomic mass: Pb = 207, Cl = 35.5] A 2.78 g B 2.87 g C 1.39 g D 4.87 g

35 The following shows the thermochemical equation for the precipitation of silver chloride

If 25 cm3 of 0.5 mol dm-3 silver nitrate solution is poured into a plastic cup containing 25 cm3 0.5 mol dm-3 sodium chloride solution , calculate the temperature change of the mixture.

A 2.0 °C B 3.5 °C C 5.0 °C D 7.0 °C

36 Which of the following properties enables lead crystal glass to be used for making lenses and prisms?

A Easily broken B High refractive index C Easy to change its shape D Withstand heat and resistant to chemical substances

37 Based on the question above, what could substance X be?

A Copper (II) oxide B Magnesium metal C Zinc carbonate D Sodium hydroxide

29 Which statement explains why solid calcium carbonate does not conduct electricity?

A Does not have free moving ions B Contains cations and anions C It is a covalent compound D Has high melting point

30 Diagram 8 below shows molecular formulae of two hydrocarbon compounds

Diagram 8 What is substance X? A Compound B is soluble in water B Compound A is soluble in water C Compound B is an unsaturated hydrocarbon D Compound A is an unsaturated hydrocarbon

31 Calculate the mass of sodium hydroxide present in 100 cm3 sodium hydroxide 0.25 mol dm-3 solution. [H,1; O,16; Na,23]

A 0.4 g B 0.5 g C 1.0 g D 2.0 g

32 Calculate the volume of sodium hydroxide of concentration 0.5 mol dm-3 needed to neutralise 25.0 cm3 sulphuric acid of concentration 0.20 mol dm-3

A 10 cm3 B 20 cm3 C 25 cm3 D 50 cm3

33 Which of the following aqueous cations will produce a precipitate when mixed with excess ammonia solution?

I Fe2+ I I I Ca2 I I Pb2 I V Zn2

A I and II C II and III B I and IV D III and IV

Compound A Compound B

C C

H H

H

H

H

C C

H

H

HH

H

CC C

H H

H

H

C

H

H HH

C

H

H

H

H

C

2NaCl + Pb(NO3)2 PbCl2 + 2NaNO3

+

+

+

AgNO3 + NaCl→ AgCl + NaNO3 Δ H = -58.8 kJ mol-1

Substance X + Sulphuric acid Salt Y + Water + Carbon dioxide


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38 The thermochemical equation represents a neutralisation reaction

Which neutralisation reaction has the same value for the heat of neutralisation?

A NaOH + HNO3 → NaNO3 + H2O B HCl + NH3 → NH4Cl C CH3COOH + KOH → CH3COOK + H2O D H2SO4 + 2 NH4OH → (NH4)2SO4 + H2O

39 Which observations can differentiate between ethene and ethanol ?

A Ethene is miscible in water whereas ethanol is not B Ethene burns in air whereas ethanol is not C Ethene produces fruity smell when reacts with carboxylic acid whereas ethanol does not D Ethene decolourised the brown colour of bromine water

at room temperature whereas ethanol does not

40 Table 3 shows the electrolysis of two solutions using carbon electrodes

Table 3

What are the products P and Q?

41 Which of the following pairs of homologous series and general formula is correct?

42 Which of the following shows the arrangement of atoms in bronze?

A C

B D

43 Diagram 10 shows the apparatus set-up for a chemical cell.

It was found that there is no deflection on the voltmeter needle. What should be done to make sure that the voltmeter

needle deflects? A Reduce the distance between the two metal plates B Replace the aluminium plate with a sodium plate C Add water into the glacial ethanoic acid D Add dry cells in series in the circuit

44 Which pair is incorrectly matched?

KOH + HCl → KCl + H2O ∆H = −57 kJ mol-1

Product formed atElectrolyte

Anode Cathode

Sodium chloride solution 1.0 mol dm-3

Sodium chloride solution 0.001 mol dm-3

P

Q

Hydrogen

Hydrogen

P Q

A Chlorine gas Chlorine gas B Chlorine gas Oxygen gas C Oxygen gas Hydrogen gas D Oxygen gas Chlorine gas

Homologous series General formula

A Alkane CnHn+ 2 B Alkene CnH2n+ 1 C Alcohol CnH2n+1OH D Carboxylic acid CnHn+1COOH

Plumbumplate

Glacial ethanoic acid

v

Diagram 10

Aluminium plate

Type of food additives Example

A Preservatives Sodium benzoate B Antioxidants Ascorbic acid C Flavouring agents Triphenyl compound D Thickening agents Acacia gum


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45 Table 4 below shows the molecular formula of two cleaning agent, X and Y.

Table 4

What statement about X and Y is correct?

46 Diagram 11 shows a structural formula which represents a food flavouring substance

Table 11

Which of the following can be used to make the flavouring substance?

A Ethanol and butanoic acid B Ethyl ethanoate and ethanol C Propanol and ethanoic acid D Ethanol and propanoic acid

47 W, X, Y and Z are four metals. Consider the reactions below involving these metals

Arrange the metals W, X, Y and Z in ascending order of electropositivity

A X, W, Z, Y B Y, W, Z, X C X, Z, W, Y D Y, Z, W, X

48 What is the change in the oxidation number of iron and manganese in this reaction?

5Fe2+ + MnO + 8H+ 5Fe3+ + Mn2+ + 4H2O

49 Diagram 12 shows the apparatus set-up for the electroplating of iron ring with nickel

Diagram 12

Which half-equation represents the reactions at the anode and cathode?

50 Diagram 13 shows a “breathlyzer” which uses by the policemen to detect the presence of alcohol in drunk driver. The police always carry out road block to test the presence of alcohol in the air exhaled by the road users by using device which contains substance Y.

A Ethanoic acid B Acidified potassium dichromate(VI) solution C Bromine water D Chlorine water

END OF QUESTION PAPER

CH3(CH2)14COONa CH3(CH2)11OSO3Na

Cleaning agent X Cleaning agent Y

X Y

A Non-biodegradable Biodegradable

B Effective in acidic water

Less effective in acidicwater

C Less effective in hard water Effective in hard water

D Does not reduce thesurface tension of white

Reduce the surface tensionof water

C C C

C C

O

O

H H

H H

H

H HH H

H=

Z sulphate + X Z + X sulphateZ sulphate + W No reactionY sulphate + W Y + W sulphate

Iron Manganese

A From +3 to +2 From –1 to +2

B From +2 to +3 From +4 to +2

C From +2 to +3 From +7 to +2

D From +2 to 0 From +2 to 0

Iron ring

Nickel (II) sulphate solution

Nickelplate

Anode Cathode

A Ni → Ni2+ + 2e- Ni2+ + 2e- → Ni

B Ni2+ + 2e- → Ni Ni → Ni2+ + 2e-

C Ni2+ + 2e- → Ni Fe2+ + 2e- → Fe

D Ni2+ + 2e- → Ni 4OH- → 2H2O + O2 + 4e-

Diagram 13

-4



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Section A[60 marks]

Answer all questions

1. Diagram 1 show an apparatus set-up to investigate reaction between concentrated ammonia and hydrochloric acid which exist as gases. The reaction between these gases form white fumes.

Diagram 1 (a) State the name of gas formed by concentrated hydrochloric acid. [ 1 mark ]

(b) State the type of particles of gas formed by concentrated ammonia. [ 1 mark ]

(c) Reaction between gases from concentration ammonia dan concentration hydrochloric acid produce white fume.

(i) Name the chemical substance of the white fume produced. [ 1 mark ]

(ii) State the process involved that can cause the reaction the gases to form white fume. [ 1 mark ]

(iii) The relative molecular mass of gas produced from concentrated ammonia and concentrated hydrochloric acid, are 17 and 36.5 respectively. Mark ‘X’ in the combustion tube at Diagram 1 where the white fume is formed.

[ 1 mark ]

(iv) Explain your answer in (c)(iii). [ 2 marks ]

(d) Pineapple is a tropical plant which consists of many nutrients such as niacin or vitamin B3. Diagram 2 shows a picture pineapple and the enlargement of the structural formula of niacin in a pineapple.

Diagram 2 (i) What is the molecular formula of niacin? [ 1 mark ] (ii) State the type of particle in niacin. [ 1 mark ]

(iii) 5.0 kg of pineapple it consists of 2.5 g of niacin. What is the number of mole of niacin in 5.0 kg of pineapple? [Relative Atomic Mass: H=1, C=12, O=16, N=14]

[ 2 marks ]

Chemistry Paper 2 [4541/2]

P Q R S

Glass tube

Cotton soaked inconcentrated ammonia

Cotton soaked inhydrochloric acid



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2 Diagram 3 shows the production of compound M.

Diagram 3 (i) Name process X [ 1 mark ] (ii) In process X, the catalyst and high temperature is used to increase the rate of reaction. State the catalyst and the

temperature used.

Catalyst : Temperature : [ 2 marks ]

(b) In Process X, sulphur trioxide gas is not directly dissolved into water to form liquid sulphuric acid. Explain why. [ 2 marks ]

(c) What is the name of compound P that is produced through Haber process? [ 1 mark ]

(d) Sulphuric acid reacts with compound P to produce compound M. (i) Name compound M (ii) Name the chemical equation for the reaction (d)(i) [ 2 marks ]

(e) State one of the use of compound M. [ 1 mark ]

Haber Process

Compound P

Process X

Sulphuric Acid+ Compound M


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3 Diagram 4.1 shows the apparatus set-up to electroplate an iron spoon with copper.

Diagram 4.1

(a) State all the ions present in copper(II) nitrate solution. [ 2 marks ]

(b) After 10 minutes, electroplating does not occur on the iron spoon. State the mistake in the Diagram 4.1 [ 1 mark ] (c) After the mistake in the Diagram 4.1 is corrected,

(i) State one observation for the electroplating process. [ 1 mark ]

(ii) Write the half equation for the reaction that occurs at the anode. [ 1 mark ]

(d) Diagram 4.2 shows that the dry cell in Diagram 4.1 is replaced by a voltmeter.

Diagram 4.2

(i) On Diagram 4.2, draw arrow (→) to show the direction of the electron flow. [ 1 mark ]

(ii) State the negative terminal. Explain your answer. [ 2 marks ]

(iii) Write the half ionic equation for the product formed at the positive terminal. [ 1 mark ]

(iv) The iron spoon in Diagram 4.2 is replaced with a zinc rod. What happens to the voltmeter reading? Explain your answer. [ 2 marks ]

Iron spoon

Copper (II) nitrate solution

Copper rod

V

Copper (II) nitrate solution

Iron spoon

Copper rod


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4. Two experiments to investigate the rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide were carried out as shown below.

Experiment I 3 g of manganese (IV) oxide powder was added to 10 cm3 of 0.1 mol dm-3 hydrogen peroxide in a conical flask.

Experiment II 3 g of manganese(IV) oxide powder was added to 10 cm3 of 0.2 mol dm-3 hydrogen peroxide in a conical flask.

(a) Suggest a method to collect the gas such that the volume of gas liberated could be recorded easily every ½ minute. [ 1 marks ]

(b) Write the chemical equation for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. [ 2 mark ]

(c) Using the same axes, sketch the graphs of the volume of gas against time for both the experiments.

[ 2 mark ]

(d) (i) In which experiment was the rate decomposition of hydrogen peroxide higher? [ 1 mark ]

(ii) Explain your answer in (c) (i) [ 1 mark ]

(e) (i) Manganese (IV) oxide acted as a catalyst in this experiment. Using the collision theory, explain the role of manganese (IV) oxide in increasing the rate of reaction. [ 2 marks ]

(ii) Suggest an alternative substance which could be used to replace manganese(IV) oxide in this experiment. [ 1 marks ]

(f ) Name one factor, other than catalyst and concentration of hydrogen peroxide, which can increase the rate of decomposition of hyrogen peroxide. [ 1 mark ]


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5. Diagram 5.1 shows bromine water added to two test tubes which contain potassium iodide solution and potassium iodine solution and potassium chloride solution respectively.

Diagram 5.1

(a) Tetrachlorometane liquid then added to test tube I and test tube II and the mixture is shaken. (i) State the colour of the tetrachlorometane layer after the mixture being shaken.

Test tube I : Test tube II : [ 2 marks ]

(ii) Write the ionic equation for redox reaction in test tube I. [ 1 mark ]

(iii) Explain the colour formation at the tetrachlorometane layer in the test tube I. [ 1 mark ]

Diagram 5.2 shows the apparatus set-up to investigate the transfer of electrons at a distance in a redox reaction.

Diagram 5.2

Based on diagram 5.2 (c) State the function of dilute sulphuric acid

[ 2 mark ]

(d) The following equation shows the reaction that takes place at carbon electrode Y.

Cr2O72- + 14H+ + 6e- �▶ Cr3+ + 7H2O

(i) State the change ofoxidation number for chromium. [ 1 mark ]

(ii) Write the half ionic equation of the reaction that occurs at electrode X. [ 2 marks ]

Bromine water

Potassium iodide solutionPotassium chloride solution

Bromine water

Carbon electrode X

Iron(II) sulphate solution

Carbon electrode Y

Acidified potassiumdichromate (VI) solution

Dilute sulphuric acid

G


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6. Diagram 6 shows the structural formula of a detergent and a soap.

Diagram 6

(a) (i) Name part P of the detergent and soap molecules. [ 1 mark ]

(ii) Differentiate the detergent and soap molecule the aspect of:

[ 3 marks ] (iii) Some of detergent are not biodegradable .What is meant by not biodegradable? [ 2 marks ] (b) Preservative and antioxidant are two types of food additive.

(i) State the function of antioxidant. [ 1 mark ]

(ii) State one example of food preservative. [ 1 mark ]

(c) What is the type of medicine should be given to a patient who is stress and depressed . Give an example of the medicine. (i) Type of medicine:

[ 1 mark ] (ii) Example of medicine: [ 1 mark ]

Name of part Q

Sources

Effectiveness in hard water

Detergent Soap

O-S-O-Na2

O

O

C

O

O-Na2

Part P Part Q Part P Part Q


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Section B[20 marks]

Answer all questions

7 Diagram 7.1 shows parts of the Periodic Table of elements.

(a) Write the electron arrangements for Q atom and S atom. [ 2 marks ]

(b) Describe the formation of the following chemical bonds and draw the electron arrangement of compounds formed (i) Ionic bond between P and T . [ 5 marks ] (ii) Covalent bond between R and T . [ 5 marks ]

(c) Explain each of the following statements. (i) Compound formed in (b)(i) can conduct electricity in the molten state while compound formed in (b)(ii) cannot conduct electricity in any state. [ 4 marks ] (ii) The melting and boiling points for compound in (b)(i) is higher than compound in (b)(ii). [ 4 marks ]

Diagram 7

P Q

R S

T

1 2 13 14 15 16 17 18



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8 (a) Table 3 shows the molecular formula of hydrocarbon A and hydrocarbon B.

(i) Identify the saturated hydrocarbon and unsaturated hydrocarbon. Explain why. [ 4 marks ]

(ii) Hydrocarbon A produced more soot than Hydrocarbon B when it is burnt in oxygen. Explain why. [ Relative atomic mass : C = 12 ; O = 16 ] [ 3 marks ]

(iii) Draw the structural formula of any one of the isomer of hydrocarbon A and state the name of the structural formula. [ 4 marks ]

(iv) Hydrocarbon B can be converted to a alcohol.

State the name of the process and the condition needed Write the chemical equation involved [ 4 marks ]

(b) Diagram 7.2 shows series of chemical reaction

(i) State the name of P, Q and Process II. [ 3 marks ]

(ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction in Process II. [ 2 marks ]

P

Q

C3H7OHPropyl ethanoate}

Diagram 7.2

Hydrocarbon Molecular formula

A C4H10

B C4H8

Table 3


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Section C[20 marks]

Answer any one questions

9 (a) What is meaning of heat of neutralisation? [ 1 mark ]

(b) Table 4 shows the values of heat of reaction between different types of acids and alkalis.

Explain why based on following statement. • heat of neutralisation I equal to heat of neutralisation II. • heat of reaction III is double the heat of reaction I. • heat of neutralisation IV less than heat of neutralisation I. [ 7 marks ]

(c) Describe an experiment to determined the heat of neutralisation between dilute hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solution. You must include the calculation and precautions that need to be taken. [12 marks]

I

II

III

IV

NaOH(aq) +HCl(aq)→ NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

KOH(aq) +HNO3(aq) → KNO3(aq) + H2O(l)

2NaOH(aq) + H2SO4(aq) → Na2SO4(aq) + H2O(l)

NaOH(aq) + CH3COOH(aq) → CH3COONa(aq) +H2O(l)

Reaction Chemical equation

7 kJ

57 kJ

114 kJ

55 kJ

Heat of reaction



JAW

APA

N b

ole

h d

ida

pa

ti di la

ma

n w

eb

ww

w.a

ftersc

ho

ol.m

y/spm

10. (a) Table 5 shows the observations from two experiments involving the reactions of magnesium with hydrogen chloride gas dissolved in two different types of solvents.

Explain the different observation in Table 5. [7 marks]

(b) A student found a bottle of solution without a label. Describe two tests to show that the solution is an acid without using any indicator or a pH meter. Your description should include observation and related ionic equation. [10 marks]

(c) Shampoo used to wash our hair is slightly alkaline. Explain why lime juice can be used as a hair conditional after washing hair with shampoo. [3 mark]

Experiment I

Experiment II

Magnesium with hydrogen chloride dissolved in tetrachloromethane

Magnesium with hydrogen chloride dissolved in water

Reaction

No observable change

Gas bubbles are given off

Observation

Table 5

END OF QUESTIONS PAPERhttps://cikguadura.wordpress.com

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98 SOALAN UANThI SPM 2018 Tips [4541/1] [4541/2] Chemistry · 100 SOALAN UANThI SPM 2018 JAAPAN boleh didapati di laman web 15 Which of the following is a chemical property of an