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FEBRUARY 14-18 DOWNTOWN NASHVILLE,TENNESSEE MUSIC CITY CENTER

2016Proceedings of a symposium sponsored by

Magnesium Committee of the Light Metals Division of

The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS)

held during

Edited by:

Alok Singh, Kiran Solanki, Michele V. Manuel,

and Neale R. Neelameggham

FEBRUARY 14-18 DOWNTOWN NASHVILLE, TENNESSEE MUSIC CITY CENTER

Copyright © 2016 by The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society. All rights reserved.

Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey.Published simultaneously in Canada.

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10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS Magnesium Technology 2016

Preface ........................................................................................................................................................................................ xi About the Editors ...................................................................................................................................................................... xiii Session Chairs ......................................................................................................................................................................... xxiii Reviewer Pool .......................................................................................................................................................................... xxv

Magnesium Technology 2016

Keynote Session

Challenges for Implementation of Magnesium into More Applications ...................................................................................... 5 K.U. Kainer

Development of Magnesium Alloys for High Speed Trains in China ......................................................................................... 7 Eric Nyberg, Jian Peng, and Neale R. Neelameggham

Korea’s R&D Activities towards the Application of Wrought Mg Alloys .................................................................................. 9 Nack J. Kim

Fascinating LPSO-Structured Mg Alloys .................................................................................................................................. 11 Eiji Abe

Developments in High Magnesium-Content Bulk Metallic Glasses and Future Possibilities ................................................... 13 Kevin J. Laws, Karl F. Shamlaye, Jörg F Löffler, and Michael Ferry

Solidification and Casting

In Situ Synchrotron Radiation Diffraction of the Solidification of Mg-Dy(-Zr) Alloys ............................................................ 17 Domonkos Tolnai, Peter Staron, Andreas Staeck, Helmut Eckerlebe, Norbert Schell, Martin Müller, Joachim Gröbner, and Norbert Hort

As Solidified Microstructure Investigation of Mg15Y and MgxYyGd (x+y=15 wt.%) Ternary Alloys ................................... 23 G. Szakács, C.L. Mendis, D. Tolnai, M. Vlcek, F. Lukác, I. Stulíková, B. Smola, M. Wolff, R. Schmid-Fetzer, N. Schell, K.U. Kainer, and N. Hort

Development of the New High Shear Technology for Continuous Processing of Mg-Alloys for Ingot Casting ...................... 29 Jayesh B Patel, Peter Lloyd, Guosheng Peng, and Zhongyun Fan

Dendrite Morphology and Growth Orientation of Magnesium Alloys: Simulation by Phase-Field and 3-D Characterization by Synchrotron X-Ray Tomography .............................................................................................................. 35

Manhong Yang, Shoumei Xiong, and Zhipeng Guo

Influence of Hot Isostatic Processing on the Microstructure and Tensile Behavior of HPDC AM50 ....................................... 41 Erin Deda and John Allison

Microsegregation in High Pressure Die Cast AM70 .................................................................................................................. 47 T.D. Berman, E. Deda, J. Miao, M. Li, and J.E. Allison

Predicting Solidification Properties of Magnesium by Molecular Dynamics Simulations ........................................................ 53 Ebrahim Asad and Mohsen Asle Zaeem

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Keynote Session Part II and Primary Production and Recycling

A Perspective: Potential Growth in the Global Magnesium Industry – Where Is Our Research Leading Us? .......................... 59 Martyn Alderman

Study on Mechanism of Magnesia Production by Reversion Reaction Process in Vacuum ..................................................... 61 Yang Tian, Bao-qiang Xu, Cheng-bo Yang, Bin Yang, Da-chun Liu, Tao Qu, and Yong-nian Dai

Thermodynamic Description of Reactions between Mg and CaO ............................................................................................. 67 Rainer Schmid-Fetzer, Artem Kozlov, Björn Wiese, Chamini L. Mendis, Domonkos Tolnai, Karl U. Kainer, and Norbert Hort

Atomic-Level Mechanisms of Magnesium Oxidation ............................................................................................................... 73 Sandra Gardonio, Mattia Fanetti, Matjaz Valant, and Dmytro Orlov

Alloy Development, Diffusion and Joining

Development of Mg-Al-Sn-Si Alloys Using a CALPHAD Approach ...................................................................................... 79 Andrew Klarner, Weihua Sun, Janet Meier, and Alan Luo

Lattice Ordering and Microstructure of Ultra-High Strength Mg-Ca-Zn Alloys ....................................................................... 83 Alok Singh, Althaf B. Dudekula, Naoko Ikeo, Hidetoshi Somekawa, and Toshiji Mukai

Pre-Straining Effect on Precipitation Behaviour of AZ31B ...................................................................................................... 89 Panthea Sepehrband, Matthew Lee, and Aaron Burns

The Effect of Ageing on the Compressive Deformation of Mg-Sn-Zn-Na Alloy ..................................................................... 93 Ehsan Bahrami Motlagh, Alireza Ghaderi, Sitarama Raju Kada, Peter A. Lynch, and Matthew R. Barnett

First-Principles Study of Diffusion Coefficients of Alloy Elements in Dilute Mg Alloys ........................................................ 97 Bi-Cheng Zhou, Shun-Li Shang, Yi Wang, and Zi-Kui Liu

Study of ZE10 Magnesium Alloy Welded Joints Produced with Disk Laser .......................................................................... 103 Miroslav Sahul and Martin Sahul

Similar and Dissimilar Ultrasonic Spot Welding of a Rare-Earth Containing ZEK100 Magnesium Alloy ............................ 109 A. Macwan and D.L. Chen

Effect of Filler Wires on Cracking along Edges of Magnesium Welds ................................................................................... 115 Tao Yuan, Xiao Cha, and Sindo Kou

Magnesium-Rare Earth Alloys

Hot Tearing in Magnesium-Rare Earth Alloys ........................................................................................................................ 123 Mark Easton, Serge Gavras, Mark Gibson, Suming Zhu, Jian-Feng Nie, and Trevor Abbott

Hot Tearing Susceptibility of Mg-5Nd-xZn Alloys ................................................................................................................. 129 Francesco D’Elia, Domonkos Tolnai, Chamini Lakshi Mendis, and Norbert Hort

Solid Solution Strengthening in Mg–Gd Alloys ...................................................................................................................... 135 Yuling Xu, Zheng Ren, Yuanding Huang, Karl Kainer, and Norbert Hort

Effects of Homogenization on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of a ZE20 Mg Alloy Processed by Indirect Extrusion .................................................................................................................................................................................. 141

Z. McClelland, B. Li, S.J. Horstemeyer, M.F. Horstemeyer, and A.L. Oppedal

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Age-Hardening of Dual Phase Mg-Sc Alloy at 573 K ............................................................................................................. 147 Yukiko Ogawa, Daisuke Ando, Yuji Sutou, and Junichi Koike

The Structure of ” and ’ in an Aged Mg-Nd Alloy .............................................................................................................. 151 Ellen L.S. Solomon and Emmanuelle A. Marquis

LPSO Alloys and Composites

Solid Solution Hardening in Mg-Gd-TM (TM=Ag, Zn and Zr) Alloys: An Integrated Density Functional Theory and Electron Work Function Study ................................................................................................................................................ 157

William Yi Wang, Shun Li Shang, Yi Wang, Hongyeun Kim, Kristopher A. Darling, Laszlo J. Kecskes, Suveen N. Mathaudhu, Xi Dong Hui, and Zi-Kui Liu

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties New Magnesium-Zinc-Gadolinium Alloys .......................................................... 159 Sankaranarayanan Seetharaman, Sravya Tekumalla, Bhavesh Lalwani, Hardik Patel, Nguyen Quy Bau, and Manoj Gupta

Effects of Alloying Elements on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Gd-Zn-Ca Alloys ................................ 165 Hyunkyu Lim, Youngkyun Kim, Bonghwan Kim, Daeguen Kim, Young-Ok Yoon, and Shae K. Kim

Creep of a Mg-Zn-Y Alloy at Elevated Temperatures ............................................................................................................. 169 Weiwei Hu, Zhiqing Yang, Jianfang Liu, and Hengqiang Ye

An Insight into Use of Hollow Fly Ash Particles on the Properties of Magnesium ................................................................ 175 Gururaj Parande, Vyasaraj Manakari, and Manoj Gupta

Role of SiC in Grain Refinement of Aluminum-Free Mg-Zn Alloys ...................................................................................... 177 Jian Gu, Yuanding Huang, Karl Ulrich Kainer, and Norbert Hort

Hot Deformation and Processing Map in an Mg-Zn-Mn-Y Alloy ........................................................................................... 183 N. Tahreen, D.F. Zhang, F.S. Pan, X.Q. Jiang, D.Y. Li, and D.L. Chen

Twinning and Plasticity

What is in a Strain Hardening “Plateau”? ................................................................................................................................ 189 Sean R. Agnew, Christopher A. Calhoun, and Jishnu J. Bhattacharyya

Asymmetric Growth of Tensile Twins in Magnesium ............................................................................................................. 195 Zhe Li, Chengliang Li, Ben Xu, and Wei Liu

Non-Dislocation Based Room Temperature Plastic Deformation Mechanism in Magnesium ................................................ 199 Bo-Yu Liu, Zhi-Wei Shan, and Evan Ma

Investigation of the Plastic Flow Field in Magnesium Alloy AZ31B in Three Orientations for Empirical Penetration Models ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 203

Tyrone L. Jones, John P. Riegel, III, Christopher S. Meredith, Kris Darling, Jim Catalano, and Anthony Roberts

Deformation Behavior of Mg Single Crystals Compressed along c-Axis ............................................................................... 209 Kelvin Y. Xie, Zafir Alam, Alexander Caffee, and Kevin J. Hemker

The Use of Acoustic Emission and Neutron Diffraction to Reveal the Active Deformation Mechanisms in Polycrystalline Magnesium and Comparison to Theoretical Modeling ................................................................................... 213

Jan apek, Kristián Máthis, and Tomáš Kraj ák

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Strain Rate Dependent Deformation and Failure Process of Magnesium Foams .................................................................... 217 Peifeng Li Exploration of Thin-Walled Magnesium Alloy Tube Extrusion for Improved Crash Performance ........................................ 223 Robert W. Klein, Bruce W. Williams, Jonathan McKinley, John R. Einhorn, and Sean R. Agnew High Temperature Tensile Behaviors and Deformation Mechanisms of Mg-x%Al Alloys .................................................... 229 Jia-xing Ji, Fu-bo Bian, Min He, Tian-gang Niu, and Jun Qiao

Texture and Formability In-Situ EBSD Observations of Recrystallization and Texture Evolution in Rolled Mg-2Zn-xCe (wt.%) ............................... 237 Ajith Chakkedath, David Hernández Escobar, Jan Bohlen, Sangbong Yi, Dietmar Letzig, and Carl Boehlert Non-Basal Texture Evolution during Annealing of Cold-Deformed Magnesium Alloy ......................................................... 239 Abu Syed Humaun Kabir, Jing Su, In-Ho Jung, and Stephen Yue On Modeling the Mechanical Behavior and Texture Evolution of Rolled AZ31 Mg for Complex Loadings Involving Strain Path Changes ................................................................................................................................................................. 245 Nitin Chandola, Crystal Pasiliao, Oana Cazacu, and Benoit Revil-Baudard Formability of Extruded Magnesium Alloy Sheets with Different Textures ........................................................................... 251 Jan Bohlen, Oliver Schlung, Sven Gall, Sören Müller, and Dietmar Letzig Prediction of Magnesium Alloy Formability: The Role of Texture ......................................................................................... 257 V.M. Miller, T.D. Berman, I.J. Beyerlein, and T.M. Pollock Texture Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Mg-Li Alloy during Thermo-Mechanical Process ..................................... 263 Y. Zou, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhao, S.S. Xu, H. Guo, M.L. Zhang, and Z.W. Zhang Effect of Dynamic Recrystallization on Microstructure Evolution and Texture Weakening during Annealing of High Speed Rolled AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Sheets ........................................................................................................................ 267 Jing Su, Abu Syed H. Kabir, Mehdi Sanjari, In-Ho Jung, and Stephen Yue

Corrosion Numerical Investigation of the AE44-Mild Steel Galvanic Structural Joint ............................................................................ 275 N. Muthegowda, B. Gholami Bazehhour, and K.N. Solanki Fabrication of a Superhydrophobic Film with Self-Cleaning Property on Magnesium Alloy and Its Corrosion Resistance Properties ............................................................................................................................................................... 279 Meng Zhou, Xiaolu Pang, and Kewei Gao The Surface Films and Their Possible Roles in Mg Corrosion ................................................................................................ 285 Guang-Ling Song and Paul E. Gannon Micro-Arc Oxide Film of Aluminum Coating Pre-Sprayed on AZ31 Magnesium Alloy ....................................................... 291 Suyuan Yang , Lin Zhou, and Xingwang Cheng

Poster Session Study on Fatigue Mechanism of Mg-0.6at%Y Alloy by Cyclic Tensile Test.......................................................................... 299 Qinghuan Huo, Daisuke Ando, Junichi Koike, and Yuji Sutou Mechanical Response of a Gravity Cast Mg-9Al-1Zn-0.2Sc Alloy at Strain Rates from 10¯ to 10³/s .................................. 305 R.B. Blessington, A.D. Brown, A.Lock, J.P. Escobedo, P.J. Hazell, D. East, and M.Z. Quadir

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Magnesium-based Biodegradable Implants

Materials and Processing / Surface Modification and Corrosion

Fabrication, Testing and Performance of Rare Earth-Containing Magnesium Biodegradable Metals .................................... 315 Dong Bian and Yufeng Zheng

Manufacturing of Osteosynthesis Systems Made of Magnesium Alloy AZ91 ........................................................................ 317 Britta Hering, Andi Wippermann, Tobias Mörke, Thilo Grove, and Berend Denkena

Absorbable Filament Technologies: Wire-Drawing to Enable Next-Generation Medical Devices ......................................... 323 Adam J. Griebel and Jeremy E. Schaffer

Plasma Surface Modification of Magnesium-Based and Related Materials ............................................................................ 329 Paul K Chu

Degradation of MgF2-Coated and Uncoated MgNd2 Specimens in Contact with Nasal Mucosa ........................................... 331 Rainer Eifler, Martin Durisin, Christian Klose, Thomas Lenarz, and Hans Jürgen Maier

Flow Induced Biodegradation Behavior of Magnesium Metal: From Bioreactors to In Vivo Models .................................... 337 Juan Wang, Nan Huang, Yeoheung Yun, and Jagannathan Sankar

Corrosion / Market and Clinic

Understanding Corrosion-Assisted Cracking of Magnesium Alloys for Bioimplant Applications ......................................... 343 R.K. Singh Raman and Shervin Eslami Harandi

In Vitro Corrosion and Cytocompatibility Properties of Mg-2Gd-X(Ag, Ca) Alloys ............................................................. 347 Yiyi Lu, Yuanding Huang, Frank Feyerabend, Regine Willumeit-Römer, Karl Urich Kainer, and Norbert Hort

Appropriate Corrosion-Fatigue Testing of Magnesium Alloys for Temporary Bioimplant Applications ............................... 353 Shervin Eslami Harandi and R.K. Singh Raman

Standardized Guidance for the Preclinical Evaluation of Absorbable Metal Implants ............................................................ 357 Byron K. Hayes

The Industrial Challenges of Manufacturing Bioabsorbable Magnesium ................................................................................ 361 Robert Thornton, Paul Lyon, I. Syed, and M. Turski

Strip Casting of Light Metals

Strip Casting Process

Microstructure Investigations of Inverse Segregations in Twin-Roll Cast AZ31 Strips .......................................................... 369 Christina Krbetschek, Franz Berge, Matthias Oswald, Madlen Ullmann, and Rudolf Kawalla

Strip Casting: Properties

Substitution of Rare Earth Elements in Magnesium Alloys for the Sheet Production via Twin Roll Casting ......................... 377 G. Kurz, T.Petersen, I. Portugal Gonzales, R. Hoppe, J. Bohlen, and D. Letzig

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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ca Containing AZX310 Alloy Sheets Produced via Twin Roll Casting Technology .............................................................................................................................................................................. 383

Sangbong Yi, Jun Ho Park, Dietmar Letzig, Oh Duck Kwon, Karl Ulrich Kainer, and Jae Joong Kim

Poster Session

Microstructure and Properties of SiCp/Al Matrix Composite Strip Fabricating by Twin-Roll Casting Process ...................... 391 Huagui Huang, Zengwei Lv, Shengpeng Song, and Fengshan Du

Author Index ............................................................................................................................................................................ 397

Subject Index ........................................................................................................................................................................... 401

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PREFACE

It is our great pleasure to bring you this volume of Magnesium Technology 2016, which is the proceedings of the Magnesium Technology Symposium held at the 145th TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition in Nashville, Tennessee, February 14–18, 2016. With contributions from 16 countries, representing the latest trends in the eld of magnesium research, this volume can be regarded as a central repository of the nest research carried out in magnesium technology from around the world. With the tradition of presenting the most recent and highest quality work, all presenters have submitted their work to this edited proceedings volume or other peer reviewed TMS journals. All papers included in this volume were peer reviewed by the best possible experts in the concerned elds of magnesium research. The reviewers’ contribution continues to be important to the success of this symposium. These contributions were presented in 9 sessions including a plenary session. Extended abstracts of the six keynote lectures given in the plenary session are also included here.

Going by the current trends, the contributions are classi ed into primary production and recycling, solidi cation and casting, alloy development, joining (welding) and diffusion, magnesium–rare-earth alloys, long period stacking ordered (LPSO) alloys and composites, twinning and plasticity, texture and formability, and corrosion. Challenges to improve plasticity and formability continue to excite researchers; most contributions deal with twinning, dislocation slip and texture. A fairly large number of contributions deal with the improvement of properties by the addition of rare-earth elements, investigating different aspects. Alloys forming the LPSO phase are also a part of this effort. Efforts are also seen in the areas of joining and corrosion, which are crucial for the application of magnesium alloys. Primary production, recycling and solidi cation remain as important as ever.

Over the years, a vast amount of scienti c insights have been gained into magnesium and its alloys from various perspectives, as witnessed in the volumes of Magnesium Technology. How to put all this expertise into practical applications and commercialization is the main focus of the plenary session this year. The talk by Martyn Alderman (Magnesium Elektron), who has years of experience in industry and R&D, examines “A Perspective: Potential Growth in the Global Magnesium Industry–Where Is Our Research Leading Us?” Karl U. Kainer (MagIC – Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht), a well-known leader in magnesium research, looks at “Challenges for Implementation of Magnesium into More Applications.” An extensive and critical application of magnesium alloys has come up in high speed trains in China. Given the large network of these trains in China, to be potentially followed in other countries, this is a large scale application. This will be discussed by Eric Nyberg (Paci c Northwest National Laboratory). South Korea has been in the forefront of innovations for applications of magnesium alloys. Nack J. Kim (Pohang University of Science and Technology) will tell us about this in his talk entitled “Korea’s R&D Activities Towards the Applications of Wrought Mg Alloys.” Many of the intermetallic phases used in the strengthening of magnesium alloys have very fascinating structures, such as the quasicrystalline phase and the LPSO phase found in Mg-Zn-RE (rare-earth) alloys. LPSO phase magnesium alloys have attracted much attention in the past several years. Eiji Abe (University of Tokyo) will talk about “Fascinating LPSO-structured Mg Alloys.” Issues of plasticity and other aspects can be skirted by making the matrix amorphous, instead of crystalline, as described by Kevin Laws (University of New South Wales) in his talk “The Developments in the High Magnesium Content Bulk Metallic Glasses and Future Possibilities.”

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In parallel, two specialized symposia are being held, one on Magnesium-based Biodegradable Implants, being co-sponsored by (TMS) Functional Materials Division, Light Metals Division, Structural Materials Division, Biomaterials Committee and our own Magnesium Committee, and another on Strip Casting of Light Metals (second in the series, following last year’s success), co-sponsored by Aluminum Committee and Magnesium Committee. Organized by Wim Sillekens (European Space Agency), Martyn Alderman (Magnesium Elektron), Patrick K. Bowen (Michigan Technological University), Jaroslaw Drelich (Michigan Technological University), and Petra Maier (University of Applied Sciences, Stralsund), 16 presentations will be made in the biodegradable implants symposium. The written accounts of eleven of them appear in this volume, while the other five are scheduled for publication in the April 2016 Issue of JOM. There are also three manuscripts from the Strip Casting of Light Metals Symposium, which is organized by Kai F. Karhausen (Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH), Dietmar Letzig (MagIC – Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht), Jan Bohlen (MagIC – Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht), and MuratDundar (Assan Aluminium).

We would like to gratefully acknowledge and thank all authors for contributing to the symposium and this volume with their high-quality work, reviewers who put in their best efforts to ensure the quality of papers, plenary session speakers for giving their insights into current research and pointing to the future directions, session chairs, judges for posters, and everyone else who have volunteered to make this symposium a great success and in bringing out this high quality proceedings.

2016 Magnesium Technology Conference Organizers

Alok Singh, ChairKiran N. Solanki, Vice Chair Michele V. Manuel, Past Chair Neale R. Neelameghham, Advisor

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ABOUT THE LEAD EDITOR

ALOK SINGHMAGNESIUM TECHNOLOGY 2016 LEAD EDITOR

Alok Singh is a Chief Researcher in the Structural Materials Unit of National Institute for Materials Science in Tsukuba, Japan. He studied metallurgical engineering at undergraduate, masters and doctoral levels. He worked on kinetics of phase transformation in steels for his master’s thesis at the Indian Institute of Technology at Kanpur. His Ph.D. work, at the Indian Institute of Science, was on the study of quasicrystalline and related intermetallic phases in aluminum alloys by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). He tackled the complex structures and reciprocal space of quasicrystals and its indexing problems.

Subsequently, he worked several years studying advanced materials by TEM at the Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Research, and visited National Research Institute for Metals in Japan. He studied the effect of interfaces on melting and solidi cation of embedded nanoparticles. He has extensively studied the structure of interfaces between simple crystals and quasicrystals by TEM.

In 2002 he moved to his present working place National Institute for Materials Science and started working on magnesium alloys with special emphasis on Mg-Zn-RE alloys containing stable quasicrystal phase. His work has demonstrated very high strength with ductility in these alloys. These high mechanical properties have been analyzed with respect to microstructural characteristics. He has employed TEM to

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study dislocations, grain boundaries and twins, and interactions among these, to understand deformation behavior of magnesium alloys. Recently, he is applying advanced TEM techniques of scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) to study severely plastically deformed (SPD, a current trend in materials to achieve nano-scale microstructures) magnesium alloys, which is a challenge for the conventional TEM because of the strong contrast from the high amount of mechanical strain. He has over 90 refereed publications, over 30 contributions to proceedings, and several patents on magnesium alloys.

As a TMS member, he is a regular attendee of TMS annual meetings and has been involved with the Magnesium Committee for many years. He has been JOM representative and Vice Chair of the Magnesium Committee. He received the TMS Magnesium Fundamental Research Award for year 2009 along with his coworkers.

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MAGNESIUM TECHNOLOGY 2016 EDITORS

Kiran Solanki is an Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering in the SEMTE at Arizona State University. Prior to coming to ASU, he was an Associate Director for the Center for Advanced Vehicular Systems at Mississippi State University. Dr. Solanki received his Ph.D. from Mississippi State University in December 2008. Dr. Solanki’s research interest is at the interface of solid mechanics and material science, with a focus on characterizing and developing microstructure-based structure–property relationships across multiple length and time scales. To date, he has coauthored more than 50 journal articles, four book chapters, and more than 35 conference proceedings with faculty and students at ASU and MSU. In addition, his paper published in Engineering Fracture Mechanics was recognized as one of the most highly cited papers from year 2002 to 2005. For his efforts to promote the education of engineering students in the area of fatigue technology, he was awarded the SAE Henry O. Fuch Award by the SAE Fatigue Design & Evaluation Committee. In 2011, Dr. Solanki received the TMS Light Metals Magnesium Best Fundamental Research Paper Award for his work on predicting deformation and failure behavior in magnesium alloys using a multiscale modeling approach. Recently, he received the 2013 TMS Light Metals Division Young Leader Professional Development Award, the 2013 Air Force Of ce of Scienti c Research Young Investigator Research Award, and the 2013 ASME “Orr Award” for Early Career Excellence in Fatigue, Fracture, and Creep.

Michele V. Manuel is an Associate Professor in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at the University of Florida. She received her Ph.D in Materials Science and Engineering at Northwestern University in 2007 and a B.S. in Materials Science and Engineering at the University of Florida in 2002. Prior to arriving at the University of Florida, she performed her postdoctoral work at the General Motors Technical Center in Warren, Michigan. She is the recipient of the NSF CAREER, NASA Early Career Faculty, ASM Bradley Stoughton Award for Young Teachers, AVS Recognition for Excellence in Leadership, TMS Early Career Faculty, TMS Young Leader Professional Development, and TMS/JIM International Scholar awards. Her research lies in the basic understanding of the relationship between processing, structure, properties, and performance. She uses a systems-based materials design approach that couples experimental research with theory and mechanistic modeling for the accelerated development of materials. Her current research is focused on the use of systems-level design methods to advance the development of new materials through microstructure optimization. In the TMS Magnesium Committee, she has previously served in the roles of Chair, Vice-Chair, Secretary, JOM Advisor, JOM Advisor in Training, and currently serves in the position as the Past Chair. Additionally, she serves as the Vice-Chair on the Content Development and Dissemination Committee, as well

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as a member of the Education, Young Leaders, Integrated Computational Materials Engineering (ICME), Biomaterials, and the Women in Science Committees.

Neale R. Neelameggham is ‘The Guru’ at IND LLC, involved in technology marketing and international consulting in the eld of light metals and associated chemicals (boron, magnesium, titanium, lithium, and alkali metals), rare earth elements, battery and energy technologies, etc. He was a visiting expert at Beihang University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing, China. He was a plenary speaker at the Light Metal Symposium in South Africa – on low carbon dioxide emission processes for magnesium.

He has over 38 years of expertise in magnesium production and was involved in process development of its startup company NL Magnesium through to the present US Magnesium LLC, UT from where he retired in 2011. He is developing thiometallurgical processes – a new concept of using sulfur as the reductant and/or fuel. He has published a heat transfer model for global anthropogenic warming based on thermal emissions independent of energy conversion source.

Dr. Neelameggham holds 16 patents and patent applications, and has published several technical papers. He has served in the Magnesium Committee of LMD since its inception in 2000, chaired it in 2005, and in 2007 he was made a permanent co-organizer for the Magnesium Symposium. He has been a member of the Reactive Metals Committee, Recycling Committee, Titanium Committee, and Programming Committee Representative of LMD and the LMD Council.

Dr. Neelameggham was the inaugural chair, when in 2008, LMD and EPD created the Energy Committee, and has been a co-organizer of the Energy Technology symposium through the present. He received the LMD Distinguished Service Award in 2010. While he was the chair of Hydro- and Electrometallurgy Committee he initated Rare Metal Technology symposium in 2014. He is co-organizer for the 2016 symposia on Magnesium Technology, Energy Technology, Rare Metal Technology and light metals section of REWAS 2016.

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MAGNESIUM-BASED BIODEGRADABLE IMPLANTS 2016 EDITORS

Wim H. Sillekens is a project manager in the Strategic & Emerging Technologies Team at the research and technology center of the European Space Agency (ESA–ESTEC), where he is currently acting as the coordinator of the European Community research project ExoMet. He obtained his Ph.D. from Eindhoven University of Technology, Netherlands, on a subject relating to metal-forming technology. Since that time he has been engaged in aluminum and magnesium research, amongst others on (hydro-mechanical) forming, recycling/re ning, (hydrostatic) extrusion, forging, magnesium-based biodegradable implants, and as of late on light-metal-matrix nanocomposites. His professional career includes positions as a post-doc researcher at his alma mater and as a research scientist/project leader at the Netherlands Organization for Applied Scienti c Research (TNO). International working experience covers a placement as a research fellow at MEL (now AIST) in Tsukuba, Japan, and – more recently – shorter stays as a visiting scientist at GKSS (now HZG) in Geesthacht, Germany, and at Paci c Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) in Richland WA, USA. He has (co)-authored a dissertation, book chapters, journal papers, patents, conference papers, (keynote/invited/contributed) oral presentations, and so on (about 150 entries to date). Other professional activities include an involvement in association activities (amongst others, as the lead organizer of TMS Magnesium Technology 2011), international conference committees, and as a peer reviewer of paper manuscripts for scienti c journals and conference proceedings as well as of research proposals. Research interests are in physical and mechanical metallurgy in general and in light-metals technology in particular.

Martyn Alderman is Divisional Director of Technology for the Magnesium Elektron Group Worldwide. He obtained a Masters Degree in Material Science from the University of Cambridge (United Kingdom) in 1979 and for the next twenty years he worked in aluminum rolling mills producing and developing Al-Cu-Zr, Al-Mn, Al Mg-Mn, Al-Zn-Mg, and Al-Li-Cu alloys for superplastic forming. He also has signi cant operational experience in direct chill casting and in the extrusion of high strength aluminum alloys.

In 2003 he joined Magnesium Elektron during the acquisition of their large Madison, Illinois rolling operation in the USA. For the next few years he travelled between the USA and Europe encouraging the wider use of magnesium sheet in transport applications, in particular by use of superplastic forming, and later in managing the post acquisition integration of the Revere North American Graphic Arts business. He chaired the 2010 and 2015 International Magnesium Association Conferences in Hong Kong and Vancouver, WA, USA, and in 2011–2012 was involved in editing and producing a 270 page Handbook on Designing with Magnesium Alloys.

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More recently he has been involved in a U.K. Technology Strategy Board Project aimed at the Design of a Magnesium Intensive Vehicle in conjunction with the Morgan Motor Company; as an advisor to the International Magnesium Association Life Cycle Study on automotive and aerospace applications; and in a National Aerospace Technology Exploitation Programme focused on improving “buy to y” ratios in magnesium aircraft seat components.

As a member of TMS, SAE and AMS, he is a regular attendee at worldwide magnesium conferences keeping abreast of global technology development with the aim of maintaining Magnesium Elektron’s position as a world leader in magnesium alloys and their end use including biomedical applications; during 2016 he will again be chairing the International Magnesium Association Conference in Rome.

Patrick K. Bowen studied Materials Science and Engineering at Michigan Technological University, receiving his B.S. in 2011, and his Ph.D. in 2015. His research has spanned a wide array of topics—from archaeometric studies on ceramic artifacts, to magnesium biocorrosion kinetics and mechanism, to the application of zinc in bioabsorbable materials applications. He has published nearly twenty articles in peer-reviewed journals since 2011 with more than 230 combined citations, and he has been an active member of TMS since 2010 and a member of the Biomaterials Committee since 2013. He will begin employment as a Senior Research Metallurgist with Deringer-Ney, Inc. (Bloom eld, Connecticut) beginning in January 2016.

Jaroslaw W. Drelich received his B.S. degree in chemistry and M.S. degree in chemical technology from the Technical University of Gdansk (TUG), Poland, in 1983, and earned his Ph.D. degree in metallurgical engineering from the University of Utah in 1993. He came to Michigan Technological University (Michigan Tech) in 1997 and currently is a professor of materials science and engineering. His main research interests are in applied surface chemistry and interfacial engineering for ore dressing and materials processing, materials characterization, formulation, modi cation and testing of biomaterials and antimicrobial materials. In the last few years, Dr. Drelich’s research focused on bioabsorbable implant materials including magnesium, and he is co-inventor of a new class of biodegradable zinc-based materials for vascular stent applications. Aside from teaching several courses on characterization and processing of materials at Michigan Tech, Dr. Drelich has edited six books, published more than 170 technical papers (cited nearly 4,000 times according to Google Scholar), holds nine patents and has more than 50 conference presentations, including several keynote addresses, to his credit.

Dr. Drelich is the Editor-in-Chief for the Surface Innovations journal. He is the active member of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS), Society for Mining, Metallurgy and Exploration (SME), and American Chemical Society (ACS), and has served on a number of different committees;

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currently, he serves as Past-Chair for the TMS Energy Committee. Dr. Drelich is also an advocate of interdisciplinary capstone senior design projects, and promotes interdisciplinary projects between engineering and business to encourage the students to think about both technical and business viability and interconnections. In recognition of his entrepreneurial activities, Dr. Drelich has been awarded with the 2012 Food Safety Innovation Award from Great Lakes Entrepreneur’s Quest in Michigan.

Petra Maier received her doctoral degree from Loughborough University, U.K. in 2002 in Materials Science, especially in the eld of grain boundary segregation in steel. After completing her Ph.D. she worked at the University of Applied Sciences Wildau in Germany as a postdoctoral fellow under supervision of Prof. Asta Richter with a focus on microhardness measurements by nanoindentation. From 2004 to 2006 she worked as a research associate at the Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht in Germany in the Institute of Materials Research led by Prof. Karl Ulrich Kainer, responsible for the operational division “Magnesium Innovation Centre”. In the group of Dr. Norbert Hort, she worked in the area of Magnesium recycling and high temperature alloy development. From 2006 to 2008 Petra Maier was a research associate at the Technical University Berlin in Germany in the Institute of Material Sciences and Technologies, Department of Materials Engineering of Prof. Claudia Fleck. There, her research specialities included corrosion fatigue on magnesium. Since 2008 Petra Maier has been a Professor of Materials and Production Engineering in the School of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Applied Sciences Stralsund in Germany. She enjoys working in the eld of magnesium-based biodegradable implants. Her research interests are focused on corrosion under stress and crack propagation in uenced by the microstructure. The current research relates to investigating innovative magnesium–rare-earth alloys in the form of wires, with a possible application as pins, rods, and clips for the temporary xation of bone fracture or for forming stents.

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Kai F. Karhausen is head of the research department Rolling Technology at the R&D Centre of Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products GmbH in Bonn, Germany. He graduated in 1994 with a Ph.D. in Materials Science from the University of Technology RWTH Aachen. He joined the Hydro Aluminium R&D Centre in Karmøy, Norway and conducted research in the eld of aluminum extrusion before moving to the R&D Centre in Bonn to work on the rolling technology of aluminum. He is the author of a large number of papers with a focus on metal forming technology, numerical simulation, and integration of material models into process simulation tools. He served as chair of the Aluminum Processing Committee of TMS for ve years.

Dietmar Letzig is head of the Wrought Magnesium Alloys Department at the Magnesium Innovation Centre of the Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht in Germany. He is the author of many papers in peer-reviewed scienti c journals and proceedings of international conferences. His area of expertise is microstructure and mechanical properties of wrought magnesium alloys processed by severe production processes. He is leading fundamental as well as application-oriented research projects in metal forming processes and an expert in the processing of magnesium sheet including twin roll casting and the optimisation of the magnesium sheet performance.

Jan Bohlen is a research scientist with the Magnesium Innovation Centre (MagIC) at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht in Germany. He graduated in Material Physics in 1996 and obtained his Ph.D from the University of Göttingen (Germany) in 2000. His work in the wrought magnesium alloys group at MagIC is focused on the development of new wrought magnesium alloys and understanding the effect of processing on microstructural development.

STRIP CASTING OF LIGHT METALS 2016 EDITORS

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Murat Dündar holds the position of Director of Technology in Assan Aluminum. He joined Assan Aluminum in May 1999 as a research specialist. He has primarily focused on performance improvement of aluminum foil and sheet products produced out of Twin Roll Casting Technology (TRC), managing research and development projects on developing new alloys compatible with TRC technology, characterization of as-cast structures and related casting defects, interface between liquid metal and caster shell surface, solidi cation in TRC and related microstructures, tailoring microstructural features starting from casting and in further downstream operations, improvement in productivity of casting process and nally casting of high Mg-bearing and 6000 series alloys with TRC.

He holds a B.Sc. degree in Metallurgical Engineering from Middle East Technical University, Turkey, an M.Sc. degree in Materials Science from State University of New York at Buffalo, USA and a Ph.D. degree in Materials Engineering, from New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, USA.

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MAGNESIUM TECHNOLOGY 2016Session Chairs

STRIP CASTING OF LIGHT METALS

Session Chairs

MAGNESIUM-BASED BIODEGRADABLE

IMPLANTSSession Chairs

Keynote SessionAlok Singh,

National Institute for Materials Science

Kiran Solanki, Arizona State University

Solidification and CastingNorbert Hort,

MagIC – Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht

Tracy Berman, University of Michigan

Keynote Session Part II and Primary Production and

RecyclingNeale R. Neelameggham,

IND LLC

Dmytro Orlov, Lund University

Kiran Solanki, Arizona State University

Alloy Development, Diffusion, and JoiningSean Agnew,

University of Virginia

Miroslav Sahul, Slovak University of

Technology Bratislava

Magnesium-Rare Earth AlloysMark Easton,

RMIT University

Francesco D’Elia, MagIC – Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht

LPSO Alloys and CompositesManoj Gupta,

National University of Singapore

Strip Casting ProcessKai F. Karhausen,

Hydro Aluminium Rolled Products

Jan Bohlen, MagIC – Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht

Strip Casting: PropertiesMurat Dundar,

Assan Aluminium

Dietmar LetzigMagIC – Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht

Hyunkyu Lim, Korea Institute of Technology

KITECH

Twinning and PlasticityTyrone Jones,

US Army Research Laboratory

Peifeng Li, Nanyang Technological

University

Texture and FormabilityJan Bohlen,

MagIC – Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht

Nitin Chandola, University of Florida

CorrosionMichele Viola Manuel, University of Florida

Materials and Processing / Surface Modification and

CorrosionPetra Maier,

Fachhochschule Stralsund

Jarek Drelich, Michigan Technological University

Corrosion / Market and ClinicPat Bowen,

Michigan Technological University

Martyn Alderman, Magnesium Elektron

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MAGNESIUM TECHNOLOGY 2016Reviewer Pool

ADLAKHA, Ilaksh Arizona State University ALDERMAN, Martyn Magnesium ElektronBAI, Jing Southeast UniversityBARTHELAT, François McGill UniversityBEALS, Randy CosmaBERMAN, Tracy University of MichiganBHATIA, Mehul Arizona State UniversityBOHLEN, Jan MagIC – Helmholtz Zentrum GeesthachtBOWEN, Patrick Michigan Technological UniversityDECKER, Ray NanomagDIERINGA, Hajo MagIC – Helmholtz Zentrum GeesthachtDOHERTY, Kevin US Army Research LaboratoryESEN, Ziya Çankaya UniversityGHADERI, Alireza Deakin UniversityGUPTA, Manoj National University of SingaporeHASELHUHN, Amberlee Michigan Technological UniversityHERING, Britta Leibnitz Universität HannoverHORT, Norbert MagIC – Helmholtz Zentrum GeesthachtJAIN, Vipin National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi JORDAN, Brian University of AlabamaJOSHI, Vineet Paci c Northwest National LaboratoryKADA, Sitarama Deakin UniversityKARKAYA, Ishak Middle East Technical UniversityKRUZIC, Jamie Oregon State UniversityLAWS, Kevin University of New South WalesLETZIG, Dietmar MagIC – Helmholtz Zentrum GeesthachtLI, Bin University of NevadaLYON, Paul Magnesium ElektronMAIER, Petra Fachhochschule Stralsund – University of Applied SciencesMANSOOR, Bilal Texas A&M University at QatarMANUEL, Michele University of FloridaMENDIS, Chamini MagIC – Helmholtz Zentrum GeesthachtMISRA, Devesh The University of Texas at El PasoNEELAMEGGHAM, Neale R. IND LLC PRENTICE, Leon CSIROPULUGURTHA, Syamala R. Medtronic Inc.RAU, Helen Michigan Technological University

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RAVINDRA, Nuggahalli New Jersey Institute of TechnologyROHATGI, Aashish Paci c Northwestern UniversitySAAL, James QuestTek Innovations LLCSCHAFFER, Jeremy Fort Wayne MetalsSCHARNAGL, Nico MagIC – Helmholtz Zentrum GeesthachtSEITZ, Jan-Marten Syntellix AGSEVER, James Alpha/Omega EngineeringSILLEKENS, Wim European Space AgencySINGH, Alok National Institute for Materials ScienceSINGH, Raman Monash UniversitySOLANKI, Kiran Arizona State UniversitySRINIVASAN, A. National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology SZAKÁCS, Gábor MagIC – Helmholtz Zentrum GeesthachtTOLNAI, Domonkos MagIC – Helmholtz Zentrum GeesthachtWANG, Bin University of California, San DiegoWILKS, Tim Magnesium ElektronYANG, Tian Kunming UniversityZANDER, Daniela RWTH Aachen UniversityZHENG, Yufeng Peking University

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2016

SYMPOSIUM:

Magnesium Technology 2016