WoodWorks EPD

8/13/2019 WoodWorks EPD

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ICC-ES Environmental Programs

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According to ISO 14025

WoodWorks Tegular, Vector, and Concealed Ceiling PanelsComposite Wood Panels with Face-cut Veneers

PreludeXL, SuprafineXL, SilhouetteXL, InterludeXL Suspension Systems

Committed to Sustainability.

Armstrong is committed to delivering solutions that reducthe environmental impact of the buildings you createfrom product design and raw material selection, to howour products are produced and delivered.

Now we provide Environmental Product Declarations(EPDs) to document the sustainability of our products.Inside this ICC-ES certified ISO compliant EPD you will find

Performance features like acoustics and durability

Product application and use Product ingredients and their sources

Information on how a ceiling system is produced Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) results including global

warming potential and primary energy usage

Total impacts over the life cycle of the product

WoodWorks ceiling panels deliver a combination ofaesthetic and performance attributes, making themgreat products for commercial applications.

WoodWorksTegular, Vector,and Concealed Ceiling Panels

Composite Wood Panels with Face-cut Veneers

WoodWorksTegular with Rg 8020 Custom Perforation in Natural VariationsLight Cherry

on SuprafineSuspension System in Black

University of New Hampshire School of Law, Concord NH

WoodWorks Ceiling Panels

Amount Per Serving 1 sq ft of Acoustical Ceiling Panels

LCA IMPACT MEASURES TOTAL

Primary Energy Demand (MJ) 59.2

Global Warming Potential (kgCO2equivalent) 1.14

OzoneDepletion (kg CFC-11 equivalent) 3.21E-01

Acidification Potential (H

+

moles equivalent) 0.601Eutrophication Potential (kg Nequivalent) 1.63E-03

Smog Photochemical Oxidant Creation Potential(kg O3-Equiv.) 0.139

PERFORMANCE ATTRIBUTES

Acoustics NRC (Absorption) 0.40 0.65

Acoustics CAC (Blocking) 2830

Ceiling Ingredients: Particleboard, Veneer, Adhesive, UV Coating

Visitarmstrong.com/epdfor further information and to watch our video.*NRC/CAC are achieved with infill panels.


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This document is a Type III environmental product declaration by Armstrong World Industries that is certied by ICC-ES as conforminto the requirements of ISO 14025. ICC-ES has assessed that the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) information fulfills the requirements ISO 14040 in accordance with the instructions listed in the product category rules cited below. The intent of this document is to furthethe development of environmentally compatible and sustainable construction methods by providing comprehensive environmentainformation related to potential impacts in accordance with international standards.

Declared Product ArmstrongWoodWorks Ceiling Panels are a fire rated particleboard acoustical ceiling panel, featuring a

real wood veneer surface.

Declaration Type Cradle-to-Grave (with end of life information added). Intended for Business-to-Business (B-to-B) audiences.

Applicable Countries U.S. and Canada, based upon the use of U.S.-specific standards, data, and declared impact measures.Otherwise,calculations are the same as the Institut Baven und Umwelt (IBU) Product Category Rules (PCR)Mineralplatten fur adgehangteDeckensysteme, 2009-06.

Product Application Provides outstanding acoustical performance for commercial spaces: Auditorium Retail

Healthcare Higher Education Hospitality

Content of the Declaration This declaration is complete and contains in its full form: Product Definition End of Life Stage Material Content Life Cycle Assessment

Production of the Ceiling System Additional Information, Evidence, Test Certificates Installation of Ceiling Systems PCR Documentation and Verification Use Stage References

Extraordinary Effects

PCR Development New or Revised Existing

PCR Reference PCR Ceiling Panels Ceiling panels for suspended ceiling systemsVersion: October 2010 (U.S.) www.bau-umwelt.com

EPD Date of Issue: December 20, 2102 EPD Period of Validity: December 1, 2015

Verification and Authorization of the Declaration

This declaration and the rules on which this EPD is based have been examined by an independent verifier in accordance with ISO 14025

X

X

Steven R. Thorsell, Coordinator ofEnvironmental Programs, ICC-ES

DateDecember 20, 2102

Francois Charron-Doucet, VerifierScientific Coordinator Quantis

DateDecember 20, 2102

ICC-ES certification of an Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) is not the equivalent of an ICC-ES Evaluation Report, Verification of Attributes Report, or a

listing for code compliance. ICC-ES certification of an EPD is limited to the requirements for Type III environmental declarations in accordance with ISO 14025

and does not apply to product performance attributes which demonstrate compliance to codes. ICC-ES certification of this EPD is not to be construed as

representing aesthetics or any other attributes not specifically addressed, nor should it be construed as an ICC-ES endorsement of the subject of the EPD or

a recommendation for its use. There is no warranty by ICC-ES, express or implied, as to any finding or other matter in the EPD, or as to any product covered

by the EPD. The EPD holder is liable for the information and evidence on which the EPD is based.

Declaration Number: Declaration number to be inserted by program operator

Program Operator: ICC Evaluation Service, LLCwww.icc-es.org

Declaration Holder: Armstrong Commercial Ceiling Systemsarmstrong.com/woodworks

X


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Product Components Related to Life Cycle AssessmentArmstrong WoodWorks Cei ling Systems are comprised of the following components wood ceiling panels, bioacoust ic or fiberglass infil lpanels, and a metal suspension system. Table 1 discloses the environmental impact measures for WoodWorks ceiling panels. The ceilingsystem LCA results are detailed in Section 9.

Scope and Boundaries of the Life Cycle Assessment

The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was performed according to ISO 14 040 and follows the PCR instructions. The cradle-to-grave LCAencompasses raw material production; transport of raw materials to production facility, manufacturing of ceiling panels; packaging;transportation to job site; use phase; and end of life including disposal or recycling. Detailed information regarding the LCA is found in Section 9.

Life Cycle Assessment Summary

Table 1 discloses the environmental impact measures for WoodWorks ceiling panel only. The LCA results for the complete ceiling system aredetailed in section 9.

Declared Unit: 1 ft 2of ceiling panels1for use over 50 years, impacts based on U.S. EPA TRACI 2.0 Impact Factors

Table 1: Life Cycle Assessment of WoodWorks Ceiling Panels

IMPACT MEASURE TOTAL1 PRODUCTION USE PHASE END OF LIFE

Primary Energy(MJ)

59.2 57.0 0.3 1.9

Global Warming Potential(kg CO2equivalent)

1.14 -0.49 0.10 1.52

Ozone Depletion(kg CFC-11 equivalent)

3.21E-10 2.28E-10 4.66E-15 9.27E-11

Acidi ficat ion Potential(H+moles equivalent)

0.60 0.55 0.01 0.04

Eutrophication Potential(kg N equivalent)

1.63E-03 6.65E-04 7.43E-05 8.88E-04

Smog Photochemical OxidantCreation Potential (kg 03-Equiv.)

0.139 0.116 0.004 0.019

1For declaration of impacts due to the inclusion of the suspension system, see page 15.

Additional Information

This declaration contains additional information, as listed below, that is outside the scope of the LCA. This additional information, provided byArmstrong, has not been evaluated by ICC-ES, but is considered useful for the purpose of comparing this EPD to other EPDs developed from

the same PCR. Guidance is recommended in comparing performance data and LCA information for products that have similar performanceattributes. Please refer to page 4 for a summary of performance attributes by item number and note the website references listed below foradditional information.

Ceiling panel acoustical performance: armstrong.com/acoustics

Ceiling panel fire resistance: armstrong.com/fireresistance

Suspension system seismic performance (verified by ICC-ES ESR-1308): armstrong.com/seismic

Health, safety, and installation information

FSC Certified


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1.0 Product Definition

2.0 Product Application

1.1 Product Definition and Performance

Armstrong WoodWorks Ceiling Panels are a composite of FSC-certified fire retardant particleboard with face-cut veneers that are finished with aclear or semi-gloss coating.

3.1 Performance Selection

Table 2: Performance of WoodWorks Ceiling Panels

Commercial Interior Finish. Acoustical, Suspended Ceiling System. The ceiling system must be installed in accordance with Armstronginstallation guidelines. Our ceiling system installation brochure, Installing Suspended Ceilings, is a general application overview, coveringessential steps of a basic suspended ceiling installation. You can reference this document at http://www.armstrong.com/common/c2002/

content/files/15994.pdf.

3.0 Performance AttributesThere are different levels of acoustical performance associated with composite wood ceiling panels. Performance information is included in thisEPD to provide a total understanding of this product and its performance attributes.

ITEMS INCLUDED IN THIS EPD

WoodWorks Square Tegular Panels for 9/16" Suspension System

WoodWorks Concealed Panels for 15/16" Suspension System

WoodWorks Vectorfor 15/16" Suspension System

1" Fiberglass Infill Panel

8200100

BioAcousticInfill Panel

5479

ATTRIBUTES

Perforations NRC* CAC**

W1 NA 38

W2 0.400.50 28

W3 0.400.50 28

W4 0.650.7 0 28

W5 0.55 28

W6 0.400.4 5 28

*Values based on WoodWorks Tegular panels. For information on other WoodWorks products,

visit http://www.armstrong.com/woodworks.

**Maximum NRC achieved with acoustical infill (item 8200100 or 5479). When infill is used, CAC is 28.Visit armstrong.com/woodworks, or refer to the Acoustical Infill data page (CS-4172).


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4.0 Material Content4.1 Product Definition

Particleboard Core a composite material made of wood chips and shavings and a binder which is then pressed and extruded.

Veneer a thin layer of excellent grade wood that is adhered to the particle board.

Adhesive a substance utilized to securely adhere the wood veneer to the particle board core.

UV Coating ultra violet cured finishing coat used for both aesthetics and to protect the veneer.

Edge Band a thin layer of PVC film adhered to the outer edges of the tile for aesthetics.

Veneer

Adhesive

UV Coating

Fiberboard

VeneerAdhesive

Adhesive

Edge Band

3.2 Key Selection Attributes

Variety of FSC-certified veneers

Variety of standard perforations availableto enhance acoustical performance anddesign aesthetics

Shorter lead times and lower cost thancustom millwork

Create upturns for continuous visuals andclouds with WoodWorks Trim

Installation with minimum plenum clearance(Vector)

Vector edge detail provides safe and securedownward accessibility without tools andnarrow reveal visual (1/4")

Tegular panels compatible with TechZoneCeiling Systems

WoodWorks inll panels compatible withMetaphorscoffers

High Recycled Content see Green Geniefor item specific dataat www.armstrong.com/greengenie

Figure 1. Composition of

a WoodWorks Ceiling Panel


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Incinerated

Installed and Used

Veneer i s Adheredto Board Sanded & Buffed

Raw Materials Arrive

Coating Applied

Pressed

CutPackaged

Shipped to Customer Removed Landfill

Perforations

Recycled

4.0 Material Content (continued)

WoodWorks ceiling panels are manufactured using an adhesion and coating process. Particleboard and veneer sheets are delivered to themanufacturing facility. The veneer sheets are then adhered to the part icleboard and pressed to ensure a good bond. The sheets are then cut tosize, sanded, and buffed for an even finish. The panels are then given a final protective coating that is UV cured. Perforations are added to thefinished product. After packaging, the material is shipped and installed. At the end of its useful life, the ceiling panel can then be recycled, sentto a landfill, or incinerated.

4.2 Production of Ceiling Panel

Figure 2: Process

for Manufacturing

WoodWorks Ceiling

Panels

Table 3: Material Content of WoodWorks Ceiling Panels

WOODWORKSCORE

FUNCTION QUANTITY(PERCENT

BY WEIGHT)

RECYCLEDMINERAL

RESOURCE

MINERALRESOURCE

NON-RENEW-

ABLE

RENEW-ABLE

ABUNDANT RECYCLEDMATERIAL

ORIGIN TRANS-PORTATION

MODE

TRANS-PORTATION

MILES

Particleboard Acoustics 85-95% U.S. Truck 5-250

Veneer Aesthetics 1-5% U.S. Truck 5-250

Adhesive Binder 1-5% U.S. Truck 100-200

UV Coating Finish 0.05-1.5% U.S. Truck 100-200

Edge Band Aesthetics 1-5% U.S. Truck 1200-

1800


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Returned for Recycling

Inspected andPackaged

Shipped toCustomer

Installedand Used

PunchedCut to Length


Formed

Figure 3: Process

for Manufacturing

Steel Suspension

Systems

Armstrong suspension systems use hot dipped galvanized steel which is formed into coi ls. A large component of the steel is recycled material.The coils are split and painted, and then sent to Armstrong. At the Armstrong plant, the steel is pressed, roll formed, punched, and packaged.The material is then sh ipped and installed. When the system is disassembled, the majority of the steel is recycled.

4.3 Production of Suspension System

Table 4: Material Content of Suspension Systems

COMPONENTS FUNCTION QUANTITY(PERCENTBY WEIGHT)

RECYCLEDMINERALRESOURCE

MINERALRESOURCE

NON-RENEW-ABLE

RENEW-ABLE


ORIGIN TRANS-PORTATIONMODE

TRANS-PORTATIONMILES

Hot DippedGalvanized Steel

Suspension >98% Global Truck 500-600

Paint Finish


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Incinerated

Landfill

Installed and Used

Removed

Raw Materials Dried


Cut to Final Size

Jute SubstrateFormed

Shipped to Customer

Jute grown,harvested,and dried


4.4 Production of BioAcoustic Infill Panel

Figure 4: Process

for Manufacturing

BioAcoustic Infill

Panels

BioAcoustic infill panels are assembled using an airlay, dry formula process that combines natural jute with synthetic fibers to create a uniquesubstrate. The inll panels are installed to add acoustical absorption to the wood ceiling system. At the end of its useful life, the inll panel can then besent to a landfill or incinerated.

Table 6: Material Content of BioAcousticInfill Panels

MINERAL FIBERCORE


BY WEIGHT)

RECYCLEDMINERAL

RESOURCE

MINERALRESOURCE

NON-RENEW-

ABLE

RENEW-ABLE



MODE

TRANS-PORTATION

MILES

Jute Fibers Acoustics 35-60% Global Train/Truck 10,000-

12,000

Synthetic Fibers Binder 5-15% Global Ship/Truck/

Train

10,000-

12,000

4.0 Material Content (continued)

*See Section 10.4 for Cradle to Cradle Certication of Material Content for Sustainability.


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Figure 5: Process

for Manufacturing

Fiberglass Infill

Panels

The fiberglass infill panel is formed by combining a binder with a fiberglass mat which is compressed and cured to form a board. Then the infillpanel is cut to size and covered in black plastic. The inll panel is installed to add acoustical absorption to the wood ceiling system. At the end of itsuseful life, the infill panel can then be recycled, sent to a landfill, or incinerated.

4.5 Production of Fiberglass Infill Panel

Shipped to Customer Insta lled and Used

Landfill Removed

Returned for Recycling

FiberglassBoard

Manufactured

Incinerated

Table 7: Material Content of Fiberglass Infill Panels

FIBERGLASSCORE


BY WEIGHT)

RECYCLEDMINERAL

RESOURCE

MINERALRESOURCE

NON-RENEW-

ABLE

RENEW-ABLE



MODE

TRANS-PORTATION

MILES

Glass Fibers Acoustics 60-75% Global Truck/Rail 750-1400

Organic Binder Binder 5-15% Global Truck/Ship 750-1400

Plastic Bag Finish 0.05-1% U.S. Truck


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5.0 Installation of Ceiling Systems5.1 Installation and In-use Condition Recommendations

The ceiling system must be installed in accordance with Armstrong installation guidelines. Our ceiling system installation brochure,Installing Suspended Ceilings, is a general application overview, covering essential steps of a basic suspended ceiling installation.

You can reference th is document at http://www.armstrong.com/common/c2002/content/fil es/15994.pdf.

In addition, specific instructions are available for the different WoodWorks Ceiling Systems. These documents can be referenced at:http://www.armstrong.com/commceilingsna/article22546.html.

It is very important that WoodWorks ceiling materials be allowed to reach room temperature and have a stabilized moisture content fora minimum of 72 hours before installation. The panels should not, however, be installed in spaces where the temperature or humidityconditions vary greatly from the temperatures and conditions that will be normal in the occupied space. Relative humidity shall not fallbelow 25% or exceed 55%.

5.2 Health, Safety, and Environmental Aspects During Installation

Sawing, sanding, and machining wood products can produce dust. Airborne wood dust can cause respiratory, eye, and skin irritation.The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified wood dust as a nasal carcinogen in humans.

Precautionary Measures: If power tools are used, they should be equipped with a dust collector. If high dust levels are encountered, use anappropriate NIOSH-designed dust mask. Avoid dust contact with eyes and skin.

First Aid Measure in Case of Irritation: Flush eyes or skin with water for at least 15 minutes.

Installers should wear appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and safety glasses, to minimize exposure to dust and thepotential for skin irritation.

5.3 Waste

Installation waste is minimized by the modular aspect of the ceiling panel system. A conservative 7% waste factor was assumed on-site duringconstruction. This value is based on historic internal studies which have documented the quantity of scrap that is generated at the job site dueto needed border cuts, penetrations, or installer mistakes. It is assumed that all of the on-site scrap material will be sent to a landfill locatedwithin 50 miles of the job site.

5.4 Packaging

Armstrong WoodWorks ceiling panels are well packaged in wooden crates appropriate for the order size.

4.6 Health, Safety, and Environmental Aspects During ProductionArmstrong has a comprehensive environmental, health, and safety management program. Risk reduction begins in the product design process.All products go through a safety, health , and environmental review prior to sale. Armstrong also has a long-standing commitment to the safetyand health of all our employees. The companys safety management program is considered to be World Class. Our OSHA recordable incidentrate is below 1.0, meaning that there is less than one injury per 100 employees per year. All employees view safety as a key responsibility oftheir jobs. In 2010, Armstrong was named one of Americas Safest Companies by EHS Today.

Armstrong WoodWorks Ceiling Systems carry FSCChain-of-Custody certification which traces the path of products from forests through thesupply chain, verifying that FSC-certified material is identified or kept separated from non-certified material throughout the chain. The Chainof Custody process assures the customer that the FSC-certified products they purchase are coming from responsibly managed sources.


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6.1 Cleaning and Maintenance

WoodWorks panels can be cleaned with a soft, dry cloth.

6.2 Health Aspects During Usage

WoodWorks panels meet the requirements for California Resource Board (CARB) Phase II Compliance.

7.1 Fire Performance

ASTM E84 surface burning character istics, HPVA Certi fied with audi t program per ASTM E84. Flame Spread Index 25 or less . Smoke DevelopedIndex 50 or less.

CAN/ULC S102 surface burning characteristics. Flame Spread Rating 25 or less. Smoke Developed Classification 50 or less.

ASTM E1264 Classification: Composite F ire Class A.

7.2 Seismic Performance

Seismic Categories C, D, E, and F

ICC-ES ESR-1308 see http://www.armstrong.com/seismicRX

6.0 Use Stage

7.0 Extraordinary Effects

The system is warranted for one year; however, ceiling panels can last as long as the buildings useful life if properly installed and maintained.The useful life indicated in the PCR for ceiling panels is 50 years. Warranty details can be found at http://www.armstrong.com/commceilingsna/article22553.html.

Table 8: Performance of WoodWorks Ceiling Panels

Perforations NRC* CAC**

W1 N/A 38

W2 0.40 0.50 28

W3 0.400.50 28

W4 0.650.70 28

W5 0.55 28

W6 0.400.45 28

*Values based on WoodWorks Tegular panels. For information on o ther WoodWorks products, visit http://www.armstrong.com/woodworks.

**Maximum NRC achieved with acoustical infill (item 8200100 or 5479). When infill is used, CAC is 28. Visit armstrong.com/woodworks, or refer to the Acoustical Infill da ta page (CS-4172).

7.3 Acoustical Panel Classification*


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7.0 Extraordinary Effects (continued)

9.0 Life Cycle Assessment

8.1 Disposal

Disposal in municipal landfill or commercial incineration facilities is permissible and should be done in accordance with local, state, andfederal regulations.

9.1 Information on the Product System Definition and Modeling of the Life Cycle

The declared unit for this EPD is 1 ft2of WoodWorks wood tile in use over 50 years.

Ceiling System View:In order to understand the complete view of a ceiling system, life cycle information is included for the total ceilingsystem based on the coverage of 1,000 square foot (ft 2) area of building space and then broken down into a 1 square foot (ft 2) view. Thisincludes the wood ceiling panels, the infill panels, and the suspension system (Tables 3, 4, 5, and 6).

This study provides life cycle inventory and environmental impacts relevant to Armstrong suspended wood ceiling systems. This LCA wasconducted to 1) better understand and compare the environmental impacts of the life cycle of suspended wood ceiling systems 2) learn howthe impacts of raw material selection and the manufacturing process influence the life cycle of wood suspended ceiling systems.

The methods for conducting the life cycle assessments used for this project were consistent with ISO 14040 and 14044. This report is intendedto fulfill the reporting requirements in Section 5 of ISO 14044 and Part 2 of the Product Category Rules for Ceiling Panels for SuspendedCeiling Systems.

7.4 Certifications

FSC-certified options available for all WoodWorks Tegular, Vector, and Concealed ceiling panels

100% Biobased content certified by USDA BioPreferredSM

Product found at http://www.biopreferred.gov/bioPreferredCatalog/productDetails?ID=42876.

California Air Resources Board (CARB) Phase II Compliant

8.0 End of Life Stage


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System Boundaries:

The system boundaries studied as part of this life cycle assessment include extraction of primary materials, raw materials manufacture, ceilingand infill panel production, installation, and end of life.

The phases below outline a cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment for ceiling and infill panels (Figure 6), and suspension systems (Figure 7).

Figure 6. Life cycle phases included for the WoodWorks, BioAcoustic, and fiberglass infill panels in study:

Figure 7. Life cycle phases included for the steel suspension system in study:

End of LifeUse PhaseInstallation

Phase

PackagingCeiling Panel

Production

Raw Material

for Production

Coils are

Painted & Split

Recycled

Scrap

End of LifeUse PhaseSuspension

Pressed, Formed

& Packaged

Hot Dipped

Galvanized

Steel Coil

Coils Split

Raw Material

for Production

As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the Cradle-to-Grave Assessment includes: Raw materials production including substrate, coating, and packaging materials for ceiling and infill panels and hot dipped galvanized steel

master coil production, forming, and packaging for suspension systems

Manufacturing of wood ceiling panels and infill panels at third party manufacturing facilities

Transportation of raw materials to third party manufacturing facilities

Manufacturing of the suspension system at an Armstrong manufacturing facility

Packaging of finished products, including energy to operate packaging equipment

Transportation from manufacturing facilities to distribution centers, retailers, and job site

Use phase covers a useful life of 50 years as suggested in the PCR and includes the transportation and installation of the system

End of life includes landfill disposal of ceiling panels with assumed 50 miles truck transport from job site to landfill

The Cradle-to-Grave Assessment excludes:

Maintenance and operation of support equipment

Overhead energy usage at manufacturing facilities

Capital goods and infrastructure

Transportation of employees

9.0 Life Cycle Assessment (continued)


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Assumptions:

Armstrong World Industries began conducting life cycle assessments in 2006 and completed a baseline LCA of key products in 2007. Once theproduct life cycle impacts were understood, Armstrong began making changes to reduce life cycle impacts, such as global warming potential andprimary energy demand. This EPD represents the first model that Armstrong has completed on our WoodWorks ceiling tiles.

All data is reported as a North American weighted average across our ceiling and suspension system plant locations. The majority of ArmstrongWoodWorks are manufactured on the west coast of the United States and are shipped all across North America. Shipping data was utilized todetermine that the average shipping distance from manufacturing to customer is approximately 2,240 miles. If product is not recycled, disposaltransportation at end of life is assumed to be 50 miles.

The overall value of global warming includes the value of biogenic carbon found in the particle board and veneer. During the production phasethe global warming potential therefore becomes negative due to the carbon sequestration in these wood raw materials. The Biogenic carbon is

then released during the end of life phase in the landfill.Transportation emissions and fuels throughout the life cycle phases are included. All transportation associated with raw materials reflects theactual modes of transportation and mileage.

The life cycle model utilized for the ceiling system was created using a weighted average of the berglass and bioacoustic inll panels based on the2011 market share of each panel.

Cutoff Criteria:

The cutoff criteria for the study are as follows:

Mass If a flow is less than 1% of the cumulative mass of the model, it is excluded, providing its environmental relevance is not a concern

Energy If a ow is less than 1% of the cumulative energy of the model, it is excluded, providing its environmental relevance is not a concern.

Environmental relevance If a flow meets the above criteria for exclusion, yet is believed to potentially have a significant environmentalimpact, it is included.

Data Quality:

2011 LCA data was used in the compilation of this EPD.

The LCA model was created using the GaBi 5 Software system for life cycle engineering, developed by PE INTERNATIONAL GmbH. The GaBidatabase provides the life cycle inventory data for several of the raw and process materials obtained from the background system. The dataquality is considered to be good to high quality. With the exception of supplier specific data, all other relevant background data was taken fromthe GaBi database software.

All gate-to-gate, primary foreground data was col lected for the wood cei ling panels manufacturing process. Background data was col lectedfrom suppliers or generic data was used.

Allocation:

Steel scrap generated during the manufacture of suspension systems was considered a valuable co-product and was addressed with systemexpansion. To be consistent with the WorldSteel dataset, the scrap steel from the manufacturing process and the steel suspension system at

the end of life was given a credit based on the Value of Steel model (Avery, 2009). Also, the basic allocation for the particleboard is mass.Credits for electricity and heat gained from thermal recycling of waste and packaging in a solid waste incinerator and/or landfill were not takenin this study.



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9.2 Results of the Life Cycle Assessment

The LCA results are documented separately for the following stages:

1. Production2. Use3. End of Life

IMPACT MEASURE PRODUCTION USE PHASE END OF LIFECeilingPanel

Infill Panel SuspensionSystem

CeilingPanel

Infill Panel SuspensionSystem

CeilingPanel

Infill Panel Suspension

System

Primary Energy Demand(MJ, net calorific)

57.00 2.92 2.90 0.32 0.04 0.24 1.88 0.05 -0.29


-0.49 0.23 0.22 0.10 2.66E-03 0.01 1.52 9.05E-03 -0.03


2.28E-10 5.62E-10 2.56E-90 4.66E-15 5.86E-17 3.71E-10 9.27E-11 8.73E-12 6.68E-10

Acidi ficat ion Potent ial(H+moles equivalent)

0.55 0.06 0.04 0.01 9.24E-04 2.55E-03 0.04 1.29E-03 -3.93E-03

Eutrophication Potential

(kg N equivalent)

6.65E-04 1.01E-04 3.32E-05 7.43E-05 1.10E-06 6.35E-06 8.88E-04 5.03E-06 4.46E-06

Smog PhotochemicalOxidant Creation Potential(kg 03-Equiv.)

0.116 0.013 9.63E-03 4.09E-03 5.13E-04 6.41E-04 0.019 6.75E-04 -6.91E-04

Tables 9A and 9B show the results for one declared unit of ceiling panel along with the potential impacts for the total ceiling system.

Table 9A: LCA Detail by Life Cycle Stage for One Declared Unit of the Ceiling System Including 1 ft 2of

WoodWorks Ceiling Panels and 1 ft2of Prelude XL Suspension System in a 2' x 2' Module, for Use over 50 years

Table 9B: LCA Detail Total for 1 ft2 by Part of Ceiling System

IMPACT MEASURE Total CeilingPanel Only

Total InfillPanel Only

Total SuspensionSystem Only

Total Ceiling Panel +Infill Panel +

Suspension System

Primary Energy Demand(MJ, net calorific)

59.2 3.0 2.9 65.0


1.14 0.25 0.20 1.58


3.21E-01 5.7E-01 3.6E-09 4.49E-09

Acidi ficat ion Potent ial(H+moles equivalent)

0.600 0.070 0.039 0.703

Eutrophication Potential(kg N equivalent)

1.63E-03 1.08E-04 4.4E-005 1.78E-03

Smog PhotochemicalOxidant Creation Potential(kg 03-Equiv.)

0.139 0.014 9.58E-03 0.163



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-60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Primary Energy

Smog

Ozone Depletion

Global Warming Potential

Eutrophication Potential

Acidification Potential

Production Use Phase End of Life

Figure 8 shows the relative importance in percentage terms for the Production, Use, and End of Life stages for the ceiling panel.

Figure 8: Life Cycle Impact Assessment of WoodWorks Ceiling Panels


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Header

Lignite 1%

Natural Gas 55%

Hard Coal 22%

Uranium 5%

Crude Oil 17%

Renewable 41%

Non-Renewable 59%

Figure 9 shows the sources of primary energy separated into non-renewable and renewable resources.Figures 10 and 11 show the contribution of different resources to renewable and non-renewable primary energy.

All f igures refer to energy sources used to manufacture WoodWorks cei ling panels in 2011.

Figure 9: Sources of Primary Energy

Figure 10: Renewable Energy by Source (MJ) Figure 11: Non-Renewable Energy by Source (MJ)


Hydropower 1%

Solar Energy 99%


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Table 10: Waste and Water Consumption for WoodWorks Ceiling Panels (1 ft2)

PRODUCTION USE END OF LIFE TOTAL

Non-hazardous Waste (lbs) 1.84 0.241 2.22 4.30

Water Consumption (gal)2 5.36 -0.2853 0.04 5.12

Waste and Water Consumption

The waste shown in Table 10 accounts for the waste generated at the manufacturing facilities (Production). The Use phase waste accountsfor the disposal of the packaging and scrap materials generated during installation; the quantity of ceiling tiles disposed of following removalfrom a building is shown in the End of Life phase. These waste values do not include the waste generated in the upstream processes. Otherwaste categories specified in the PCR were excluded due to data quality.

The life cycle of this product consumes water during production while producing non-hazardous wastes. The quantities are separated intocontribution per life cycle stage as shown in Table 7 for 1 ft2of WoodWorks Ceiling Panel.

1Use phase includes 7% installation scarp and all packaging2Water consumption = water use (without rainwater) water released back to the watershed 3The negative water consumption value shown for the use phase comes from the landll of the wooden installation waste and the corrugate packaging. It is important to note that while these installation waste materiarelease water during their disposal, this is balanced by their water consumed in production.

9.5 Suspension System Impacts

As shown in Tables 9A on page 15, the majority of the environmental impacts for the ceiling suspension systems occur during the production ofthe steel. Heavy-duty suspension system components have greater impacts than intermediate-duty suspension system components, because theycontain more steel.

9.7 End of Life Impacts

End of Life Impacts associated with landlling and/or incineration of WoodWorks ceiling panels have the greatest impact on primary energy demandand global warming potential, comprising 48% of the eutrophication and 79% of the global warming potential occur during the end of life phase.

9.6 Use Stage

Although Armstrong provides a 1-year ceiling system warranty, the use stage is defined in the PCR at 50 years and this is what was used inthe LCA. The assumption is that the ceiling system requires no cleaning or maintenance so the impact is very small.

9.4 Ceiling and Infill Panel ImpactsAs shown in Table 9A on page 15, the majority of the env ironmental impacts for this product occur dur ing the extraction and processing of rawmaterials detailed in the Production Stage. For most ceiling panels, the opportunity for reduction is in the manufacturing process as well asreductions associated with raw materials.

9.3 Interpretation of Life Cycle Assessment

From the results of the suspended wood ceiling system life cycle covered in this study, it was concluded that the ceiling panel manufacturingprocess and raw materials specifically, particleboard and energy have the greatest impact on Primary Energy Demand (PED) and carbonfootprint (represented by Global Warming Potential [GWP]).


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12.0 Third Party Evaluations ICC-ES recognizes Armstrong Seismic RxSuspension System as a code compliant solution (ESR-1308)

Flame Spread Rating (ASTM E84) Class A FSCCertified USDA BioPreferred

13.0 Quality Assurance

11.0 References

11.2 Standards

EN ISO 14025:2006, Environmental labels and declarations Type III environmental declarations - Principles and procedures

EN 14040 ISO 14040:2006, Environmental management Life cycle assessment Principles and framework

EN 14044 ISO 14044:2006, Environmental management Life cycle assessment Requirements and guidelines

ASTM E1264-08e1 Standard Classi ficat ion for Acoustic Ceiling Products

ASTM E84-12 Standard Test Method for Surface Burn ing Characteristics of Building Materials

ASTM E119-12 Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Bui lding Construction and Materials

ASTM C636 / C636M-08 Standard Practice for Insta llation of Metal Ceiling Suspension Systems for Acoustical Tile and Lay-in Panels

ASTM C423-09a Standard Test Method for Sound Absorption and Sound Absorption Coefficients by the Reverberation Room Method

ASTM E1414 / E1414M-11a Standard Test Method for Ai rborne Sound Attenuation Between Rooms Sharing a Common Ceiling Plenum

11.1 PCR

Product Category Rules for Environmental Product Declarations ceiling panels for suspended ceiling systems. Confirmed by IBU AdvisoryBoard October 2010

10.0 Additional Information, Evidence, Test Certificates

10.1VOC Emissions

Armstrong WoodWorksCeiling products meet California Air Resources Board (CARB) phase II levels.

10.2LEED Contribution

Calculate Armstrong WoodWorks LEED contribution with Green Genie, w ww.armstrong.com/greengenie.

10.3 Biopersistence of Glass Fibers

Glass fibers have been classified as not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans (Group 3) by the International Agency for Research on

Cancer (IARC) as referenced in volume 81.

Armstrong has a robust internal Qual ity Assurance process that is based on industry-accepted best practices and is led by a team of quali typrofessionals who have been certified by the American Society for Quality. The process involves a wide variety of different measures madethroughout the manufacturing processes. The Armstrong acoustical laboratory is ISO 17025 certified and is accredited by the National VoluntaryLaboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP).


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WoodWorks EPD