VISUAL DICTIONARYBY CORNERBEAD

BSCI4 -21-2009

Weather/Air Barrier paper

Weather barrier paper is applied to sheathing and serves as an air barrier to reduce leaking air through joints and as a waterproofing backing underneath sidings.

Attic Ventilation

Gable Vent

Attic ventilation is used not only to allow water vapor to escape, but to prevent solar heat buildup conducted through the roof and roof sheathing by drawing air through the spaces keeping the house cooler.

Soffit Vent- also known as Frieze vent.Covered with slot covered insectscreening allows airflow in rafters whilekeeping out insects

Attic Ventilation (cont.)Ridge Vent - located at highest point ofroof, prevent snow and rain from entering by blown wind

Roof Turbine

Backhoe

Batter boards

Brick Arches

Key Stone

Roman Arch

Brick Arches (cont)

Gothic Arch

Brick BondsRunning Bond- consist of all stretchers

Flemish Bond- row of headers and stretchers

Brick Bonds

Sailors Rowlock Stretchers

Brick BondsSoldiers

Brick BondsRowlocks

Brick BondsHeaders

Brick Sizes

Modular Brick3 5/8 x 7 5/8 x 2 1/4

3 5/8 “

7 5/8 “

Brick sizes (cont.)Standard Brick

3 5/8 x 8 x 2 1/4

3 5/8 “8”

BulldozerA bulldozer is a tracked tractor equipped with a metal blade used to push large amounts of soil rubble and gravel during construction. Typically known as an engineering vehicle.

Claddingprocess of covering an exterior on material with another such as woodboards,

vinyl siding, EFIS, and wood shingles.

Wood BoardsBrick exterior

Cladding (conti.)EIFS- exterior Insulation Finish System- synthetic stucco

Cladding (cont).

Stone exterior -Random Rubble

Code Requirements

26 “ AFF

35 ½”

Emergency and escape openings must meet a maximum height of 44” and openingSize of 5.7 square feet . Any number of combinations are required for an opening to be Effective with height no less than 24” and opening no less than 20”. This window meets Code due to a height above finished floor of 26” and an opening of 35 ½”.

Window requirements

Code Requirements (cont.)Wood Framed Stairs

Riser 5 ½”

Tread 10”

Tread min. 4”- 7”

Riser Min 11”

Meets code because it stays within dimensions

Concrete Joints

Control Joint

Crack to Control JointControl Joint

Control Joints - ¼” depth slab weaken by a recess joint in hopes to relieve stress that the concrete will crack to that joint.

Concrete joints (cont.)

Isolation Joint

Column is isolated from the slab

Isolation joint is a padding of concrete underneatha point of pressure so that the slab will not crack.

Concrete Masonry Unit

Concrete Masonry units (CMU) primarily serve as foundations, retaining walls, and fireplaces. They are larger solid units than brick and are less expensive. Actual dimensions 7 5/8” x 7 5/8” x 15 5/8” : Nominal 8” x 8” x 16”

1 CMU = 3 Modular Bricks

Concrete Masonry Unit Sizes

10” CMU- both ends plain

Concrete Masonry Sizes (cont)

4” CMU- both ends plain

Doors-6 panel wood Stile and Rail door

Top Rail

stile

Panels

Lock Rail

Bottom Rail

Doors (Cont.)

Transom- glass glazing above door

Sidelight- Glass Glazing on sides of door

Sidelights Sidelights

Transom

Doors (Cont.)

Flush Door- usually interior but can be exterior hollow or solid core door

Electrical ComponentsPower pole w/ transformer- local transmissionlines carry direct current voltage converted w/A transformer to alternating current.

Service Head- two hot wires and one Neutral wire carrying current enter House through a service head.

Electrical Components (cont.)

Meter- after leaving service head current Travels down to the meter base which holds and measures power usage.

Service Panel- also called panel board holds and controls circuits throughout the house with a disconnect switch and a man breaker.

Electrical components (cont.)

Duplex receptacle- the circuits( branches of electrical service) travel to GFI also known as Duplex receptacle which are normally located in kitchens which hold most of appliance electricity.

Framing Elements

Anchor Bolt Sill Plate

Framing Elements (Cont)

Floor Joist

Framing Elements

Stringer Subflooring

Framing Elements (cont.)

Sole plate Stud

Stud Wall

Framing Elements (cont.)

Top Plate Ceiling Joist

Ceiling Joist

Ceiling Joist

Framing Elements (cont.)

Rafters

Framing Elements (cont.)

Sheathing

Front end LoaderEngineering vehicle used to load and move around dirt, gravel and other materials another machine and/or to a location.

Gypsum BoardGypsum Board is a building material known as drywallthat is made of gypsum plaster placed between two sheetsof paper that is then kiln dried.

Heat Pump

Air Handling Unit- absorbs direct Expansion and supplies air to ducts.

Compressor- condenses air and rejects heat

A component of the forced air system used to move heat and air through ducts to all Rooms through a process called convection.Advantage: allows the ability to filter air and control humidity

while heating and cooling. Disadvantage: Relatively noisy and controls bulky ducts

Insulation

Batt/ Blanket- wedge in betweenFraming

Any material that is added to the perimeter of a building to slow down the conductionof heat flow referred to as thermal insulation. Most critical spaces are the walls and Ceiling.

LintelLintels are steel or concrete angles placed above window and door openings to Support opening span. Typically reinforced brick or block lintel or precast concrete.

Concrete Lintel

Mortar Joints

Concave Mortar Joint- 3/8”thick, tooled, public education building, Type M Mortar- High Strength Exterior

Mortar Joints

Flush Joint- trowled, 3/8 ” thick, exterior,Type M Mortar

OSB(Oriented Strand Board)

OSB- a softwood made of long strand-like wood particle that are compresses and glued into three to five layers. OSB is generally stronger because of the length and compressionof the strands and is stiffer than veneered panels. Used as Sheathing.

Plumbing (cont.)Lavatory

1 ½” -2” pipe

Washing area that flushes waste out to the building drain and down to building sewer

Plumbing (cont.)

Water closetAny room that has a toilet ; toilets are the only fixture that uses cold water

Plumbing

Manufactured Tub during rough in

Plumbing ventPlumbing vent is apart of the Drain Waste VentSystem(DWV) that allows the escape of sewer gases contained by p-traps.

Plumbing (cont).

Drop In sink

Plywood

Veneer-thin slices of wood glued ontoFive core panels to produce plywood.Manufactured wood.

4’ x 8’ sheet Plywood

Radiant Barrier

Found only in attics and reflect up to 97% ofheat stored in attics. Since most of the heat in Homes escapes and enters through the attic, the radiant barrier acts much like a form of Insulation.

Rebar

This rebar is ½ in diameter. It Is referred to as a #4 rebar.

The deformation on the surface help itTo bond tightly to concrete.

Steep roof drainage

Gutter- allows for rain and melted snow to be collected to from roofing to prevent moisture and water damage.

Steep roof drainage (cont)

Downspout- collects water from gutter to drain away from the house.

Steep roof drainage ( cont).

Splashblock- usually made of precast concrete that allow control of water drainage flowing from downspout and away from the building.

Steep roof materials

Underlayment- 15-30 pound building felt protects building from precipitation before the roofing is applied. Easily installed and is “dried in”

Steep roof materials

Clay tiles

Steep roof materials

Wood shingles

Shingles- small units applied in overlaying layerswith staggered vertical joints.

Steep roof materialsPreformed Metal roofing –common thin sheets of aluminum or galvanized steel( usually common in commercial work, green or blue) is long-lasting and can be recycled after it is replaced. All metal panel roofing is preformed and requires noequipment for installation.

Steep roof shapes

Gable roof Gambrel roof

Steep roof shapes (cont.)

Hip roof

Steep roof shapes

Mansard roof

Steep roof terms

Ridge- level of roof intersection at its highest point.

Steep roof terms

Valley- the sloping intersection of two roof planes where water runs toward it

Sloping roof terms

Eave- lowest horizontal edge of the low side of a sloping roof

Steep roof terms

Rake- usually on gable roofs; sloping corner of a roof (upward fascia)

Steep roof terms

Fascia- board that run around the eave of a building along the edge

Steep roof terms

Soffit-undersurface ofa horizontal rafter thatForms at triangular shape in connection with the eave

stone

Random Ashlar

Stone (cont)

Random Rubble

stone

Coursed Rubble

Vapor Retarder

Vapor Retarder-placed on the warm in winter side;determines and helps block the amount ofdew or condensation that seeps through insulation.

Weep holeWeep hole-allows water that seeps behind building through mortar to drain out so that the wood framing of building will not rot. Efflorescence is salt found aroundWeep holes from hard water evaporation.

Welded Wire Fabric

Form of reinforcing laid in a grid patternthat supports concrete.It is supported by high chairs And is also known as wire mesh.

windows

Sliding- single hung window on its side; tracks in the frame hold the sash on two opposite sides

Windows (cont)

Double hung window- has twomoving sashes that slide up and down its tracks in the frame of the window