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STM JOURNALSScientific Technical Medical
Research & Reviews : A Journal of Medicine
(RRJoM)ISSN : 2348-7917
Jan - April 2014
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I take the privilege to present the hard copy compilation for the [Volume 4 Issue (1)] of Research &
Reviews: A Journal of Medicine (RRJoM). The intension of RRJoM is to create an atmosphere that
stimulates creativeness, research and growth in the area of Medicine.
The development and growth of the mankind is the consequence of brilliant Research done by
eminent Scientists and Engineers in every field. RRJoM provides an outlet for Research findings and
reviews in areas of Medicine found to be relevant for National and International recent
developments & research initiative.
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the advancement and dissemination of Research results that support high level learning, teaching and
research in the domain of Medicine.
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their continued support and invaluable contributions and suggestions in the form of authoring write-
ups/ reviewing and providing constructive comments for the advancement of the journals. With
regards to their due continuous support and co-operation, we have been able to publish quality
Research/Reviews' findings for our customers base.
I hope you will enjoy reading this issue and we welcome your feedback on any aspect of the Journal.
Dr. Archana Mehrotra
Director
STM Journals
Director's Desk
STM JOURNALS
1. A Study of Lipid Profile in Hypertensive Patients Venugopal L, V Dharma Rao, Ellareddy C, Dilip M Rampure 1
2. Clinical and Etiological Profile of Heart Failure Patients R. Sree Geetha, A. Hanumiah, B. S. Pandey, N. Ch. Venugopala Charyulu, DVC Shoban Kumar, Ch. Nagaraju 6
3. Clinical Profile of Dengue Fever with Its Acute Complications in Rural Population of Jaipur DistrictSushant Kumar, D. S. Mathur, Sunil Agarwal, Gaurav Kumar Nirwal 12
4. Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on HearingGurleen Kaur, S. P. Srivastava 24
5. Respiratory Tract Infection: A Focus on Upper Respiratory Tract InfectionLomati Venkata Pavan Kumar Reddy, Chirlu Venkata Raja 30
6. Ways to Deal with Stress through Ayurveda and BuddhismShweta Dewan, Susantha Molligoda 36
ContentsResearch & Reviews: A Journal of Medicine
RRJoM (2014) © STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved
Research & Reviews: Journal of Medicine ISSN: 2348-7917
Volume 4, Issue 1
www.stmjournals.com
A Study of Lipid Profile in Hypertensive Patients
Venugopal L, V Dharma Rao*, Ellareddy C, Dilip M Rampure Department of General Medicine, Mamtha Medical college, Khammam, India
Abstract Hypertension is a non-communicable disease which is commonly prevalent in elderly
population. Hypertension often coexists with an aberrant lipid profile and has been a pandemic globally, irrespective of the development of the country or community. Public
awareness about the role of hyperlipidemia in decreasing the morbidity plays a pivotal
role. The objective of this study was to examine the serum lipid patterns of hypertensive patients. This p r o s p e c t i v e study was carried out in the population of Khammam,
Andhra Pradesh, during February 2013 and August 2013. 200 patients with hypertension in the age- range of 40–80 years are the study subjects while 400 age- and
sex-matched individuals without hypertension are taken as control. 5 mL of blood was
collected from each subject as well as controls after overnight fasting (12 h) by venipuncture. Serum was separated within 1 h and standard methods were followed for
biochemical studies. Among the 200 patients studied, 172 were males and 28 females. The results of this study indicate a clear elevation of all the lipid parameters except for
HDL. There is a 10–15% increase in triglycerides, S. Cholesterol, LDL, TC/HDL and
LDL/HDL values. HDL values are decreased and significantly in females at lower age compared to males. Triglycerides too are elevated in females earlier as compared to
males. The lipid profile in hypertensive patients is momentously altered as
compared to that of controls. Total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL, TC/HDL and LDL/HDL ratios were significantly elevated in patients with hypertension
(p < 0.05). HDL is significantly reduced in hypertensive subjects (p < 0.05).
Keywords: Hyperlipidemia, hypertension, LDL, triglycerides, VLDL
RRJoM (2014) © STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved
Research & Reviews: Journal of Medicine ISSN: 2348-7917
Volume 4, Issue 1
www.stmjournals.com
Clinical and Etiological Profile of Heart Failure Patients
R. Sree Geetha*, A. Hanumiah, B. S. Pandey, N. Ch. Venugopala Charyulu,
DVC Shoban Kumar, Ch. Nagaraju Department of General Medicine, Mamata Medical College, Khammam, India
Abstract This study was undertaken to study the clinical and etiological profile of patients with
heart failure at Mamata General Hospital, Khammam. This is a study of clinical and etiological profile of heart failure in patients of above 15 years of age, who were
admitted in Mamata Medical College during the period December 2012 to November 2013. The incidence of heart failure (HF) in Mamata General Hospital is less compared
to other cardiovascular diseases. The common age group for HF is between 45 and
65 years. The commonest cause of HF is ischemic heart disease (IHD) followed by HTN combined with IHD and then dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Other causes of HF are
RHD, anemia, cor pulmonale, muscular dystrophy, and chronic renal failure. 2D Echo is
essential for diagnosis and assessment of prognosis of HF. It is useful in IHD for showing regional wall motion abnormality and ejection fraction. It is also helpful in
assessing the severity of valvular lesions.
Keywords: Cardiomyopathy, ischemic heart disease, anemia, hypertension
RRJoM (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved
Research & Reviews: Journal of Medicine ISSN: 2348-7917
Volume 4, Issue 1
www.stmjournals.com
Clinical Profile of Dengue Fever with Its Acute
Complications in Rural Population of Jaipur District
Sushant Kumar, D. S. Mathur, Sunil Agarwal, Gaurav Kumar Nirwal* NIMS Medical College, Jaipur, India
Abstract Dengue is the most important mosquito-borne viral infection in terms of morbidity and mortality. In recent years, it has become a major public health concern. The present
study was conducted on hospitalized adult patients of NIMS Medical College & Hospital with the aim to study the clinical profile and usual presentations of dengue fever. During
the study of 75 patients of dengue infection, 18 had dengue fever (DF), 19 had dengue
fever with unusual bleeding (DFB), 28 had dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and 10 had
dengue shock syndrome (DSS). The mortality rate in the study was 1.33%. Maximum
number of cases occurred in the month of September. Maximum number of cases occurs between the ages of 20 and 40 years and the median age of patients in this study was
25 years. The male: female ratio was 1.42:1. Fever was the universal symptom in 100%
of the cases followed by bleeding in 53.33% of the cases, vomiting in 44% and myalgia in 40%. Vomiting and abdominal pain were commonly associated with the dengue shock
syndrome group, i.e., in 80 and 70% of the cases respectively and hence regarded as
alarm signals. Among the bleeding tendencies, epistaxis was the commonest in 32% of the cases. Tourniquet test was positive in only 16% of cases. Hepatomegaly was the
commonest clinical finding in 38.6% of patients followed by bradycardia in 33.33% and petechiae in 21.33%. Haemoconcentration (HCT > 40) was present in 20% of the cases.
The association of haemoconcentration with the dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock
syndrome (poor prognosis) group was statistically significant. The median hemoglobin concentration was 12.8 g/dL inspite of haemoconcentration. Thrombocytopenia (platelet
count < 1 lakh) was present in 69 out of 75 patients (92%). Lower platelet counts (< 50,000) were significantly associated with more bleeding tendency and poor
prognosis (dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome) group. Deranged
prothrombin time was found in 40% of patients, the common laboratory parameters being leucopenia and proteinuria. Deranged liver function tests (SGOT/SGPT values
> 40) were found in 80% of the patients and the association of higher values of
SGPT/SGOT (> 100) with poor prognosis, i.e., likelihood of falling in dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome group was statistically significant. 100%
patients in the dengue shock syndrome group had SGPT/SGOT > 40 of which 70% had SGPT/SGOT > 100. The ECG showed bradycardia in 37.5% of the patients. Three
patients had ST-T changes suggestive of dengue myocarditis, also confirmed on Echo.
Ultrasound examination showed gall bladder wall thickening due to edema in 79.2% of cases, it was a nonspecific, yet the commonest finding. Hepatomegaly was seen in 60.4%
and pleural effusion in 16.7% of cases. Dengue was associated with neurological
manifestations like encephalitis in two cases, of which one patient later had dengue-related myopathy, disseminated intravascular coagulation in two patients, renal failure
in two patients, ST-T changes of myocarditis in three patients. Dengue was associated
with other infections like plasmodium falciparum malaria (two cases), plasmodium vivax
malaria (two cases) and viral hepatitis B (one case).
Keywords: Viral infection, dengue hemorrhagic fever, dengue shock syndrome,
hepatomegaly, thrombocytopenia
RRJoM (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved
Research & Reviews: Journal of Medicine ISSN: 2348-7917
Volume 4, Issue 1
www.stmjournals.com
Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Hearing
Gurleen Kaur*, S. P. Srivastava NIMS Medical College & Hospital, Jaipur, India
Abstract Jordao (1857) was the first to report sensorineural hearing loss in patients with diabetes
mellitus. Jannulis and Delijan [1] were the first otologists who carried out hearing tests in diabetics and concluded that these patients suffered from progressive bilateral
sensorineural deafness of gradual onset which predominantly affects higher frequencies
in elderly subjects. The objective was to identify type of hearing loss, comparison of duration of diabetes and relation of HbA1c levels with it, to identify whether diabetics
mellitus have a higher incidence of sensorineural hearing loss as compared to general population, to check the relationship of age, sex and prevalence of deafness in diabetes
mellitus. Sensorineural hearing loss was found to be more common in the diabetic
patients than in nondiabetic patients from the same institution. Poor control of diabetes, as measured by HbA1c laboratory data, correlated with worsening hearing in patients
with diabetes who had sensorineural hearing loss. Sensorineural hearing loss was more common in patients with diabetes than in the control nondiabetic patients, and severity of
hearing loss seemed to correlate with duration of the disease. This may have been due to
microangiopathic disease in the inner ear.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, SNHL
RRJoM (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved
Research & Reviews: Journal of Medicine ISSN: 2348-7917
Volume 4, Issue 1
www.stmjournals.com
Respiratory Tract Infection: A Focus on Upper
Respiratory Tract Infection
Lomati Venkata Pavan Kumar Reddy*, Chirlu Venkata Raja
Department of Pharm-D, P. Rami Reddy Memorial College of Pharmacy, Kadapa-516003, India
Abstract Respiratory tract infection (RTI) is considered as one of the most important public health problems in developing countries. Respiratory infections that occur in upper respiratory
tract are seen with great frequency in both children and adults. RTIs are common cold, sore throat, sinusitis, laryngitis, pharyngitis, earache, and otitis media. Upper
respiratory tract infections (URTIs) are general illnesses that are often treated with
antibiotics even though bacteria cause only 25% of cases. Transmission of organisms causing URTIs occurs by droplet, aerosol, or direct hand-to-hand contact with infected
secretions, with consequent passage to the eyes or nose. Patients with acute sinusitis experience symptoms for more than 1 to 2 weeks after a common cold, including extreme
purulent nasal discharge, maxillary toothache, headache, and joint facial pain.
Staphylococcus aureus has revealed a disconcerting propensity to develop resistance to antimicrobial agents and has become an important dispute for the clinicians. Improper
prescribing of antibiotics for URTIs is a leading cause of antibiotic resistance in common
community-acquired pathogens such as Streptococcus pneumoniae. Knowledge of the prevalent organisms and their current sensitivity is of great help in choosing an
antibacterial.
Keywords: Morbidity and mortality, respiratory tract infection, sensitivity, upper
respiratory tract infections
RRJoM (2014)© STM Journals 2014. All Rights Reserved
Research & Reviews: Journal of Medicine ISSN: 2348-7917
Volume 4, Issue 1
www.stmjournals.com
Ways to Deal with Stress through Ayurveda
and Buddhism
Shweta Dewan*, Susantha Molligoda
Department of Basic Principles, National Institute of Ayurveda, Madhav Vilas Palace,
Amer Road, Jaipur-302002 (Rajasthan), India
Abstract All the people in the world are in a hurry which ultimately leads to various health problems. Various studies have proved that it is a very serious negative state of the mind.
Scholars have argued that this state develops into a tendency to suicide [1]. Therefore, if
anybody suffers from stress, it would be a burden to society. Everybody should try to prevent this condition. But it is not easy. So, through this detailed study of facts of
Ayurveda and Buddhism, the main aim is to get more satisfactory and beneficial answers
for this burden to the world. In this study, Ayurvedic elementary books and the books written regarding Buddhism, were referred to and analyzed in detail. Both Ayurveda and
Buddhism consider man’s mind and body as one entity.
Keywords: Buddhism, Ayurveda, Stress
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