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Pictures and information on some of the wide variety of trees, shrubs, perennials, annuals and bulbs that can be used in WaterWise landscapes in Oregon.
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Plants for WaterWise Gardening
Linda R. McMahan, HorticulturistOregon State University Extension
Service
WaterWise• Hundreds of
WaterWise plants are available for landscapes
• They include trees & shrubs, perennials, and many other kinds of garden plants
http://oregonstate.edu/dept/ldplants/maaq3.htm
Plants for WaterWise Gardening
• Learn your local climate and rainfall patterns and find your USDA or other growing zone
• Match plants that will require little or no additional water in landscape settings
• Create a pleasing mixture of trees, shrubs, herbaceous plants and groundcovers to complement your existing landscape or to create a new landscape
Examples from Oregon
Notice on the following map that precipitation patterns strongly influence different
kinds of vegetation in different parts of Oregon
WaterWise Trees
• Native and nonnative trees provide choices for WaterWise
• They vary from evergreen to deciduous and include many conifers as well as flowering trees
Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba), a large WaterWise tree. Photo: Neil Bell
The Value of Trees• Shade• Vertical
structure for visual effect and to support wildlife
Strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo), a small WaterWise Tree choice - Photo: Linda McMahan
Quercus garryana, Oregon white oak Photo: Neil Bell
WaterWiseTrees—A Few Natives
A small native tree, Cascara, Rhamnus purshiana
http://oregonstate.edu/dept/ldplants/rhapu1.htm
Cupressus arizonica
Cedrus deodara
WaterWiseTrees
Photos: Neil Bell
Picea pungens Colorado spruce http://www.wsu.edu/~lohr/wcl/
WaterWiseTrees
Cercis chinensis, Chinese redbud (Photo: Neil Bell)
WaterWise Trees
Holly oak (Quercus ilex) http://oregonstate.edu/dept/ldplants/quilex.htm
Serviceberry (Amelanchier arborea) Photos: Amy Jo Detweiler
WaterWise Trees
WaterWise Trees
Western larch (Larix occidentalis) http://www.malag.aes.oregonstate.edu/wildflowers/images.php/id-1187
Rocky mountain maple (Acer glabrum)
http://www.malag.aes.oregonstate.edu/wildflowers/species.php/id-87
http://www.wsu.edu/~lohr/wcl/trees/acerglab/wacglf.gif
WaterWise Shrubs
• Many shrubs are available
• Choose from a wide variety of native flowering shrubs
• Many native shrubs have attractive named cultivars
• Choose shrubs and subshrubs from Mediterranean areas as other choices
Red flowering currant (Ribes sanguineum), a native Oregon flowering shrub - Photo: Linda McMahan
The Value of Shrubs
• Eye level• Shelter & food
for birds, butterflies, beneficial insects
• Create the “middle layer” of a vertical landscape Golden currant (Ribes
aureum), an Oregon native plant for east and westside - Photo: Linda McMahan
Holodiscus discolor, oceanspray
WaterWise OR Native Shrubs
Philadelphus lewisii, mock orange
Garrya elliptica, silk tassel bush
Photos: Neil Bell
Ceanothus thyrsiflorus ‘Victoria’ California lilac Photo: Neil Bell
WaterWise OR Native Shrubs
Sambucus mexicana (caerulea), blue elderberry Photo: Linda McMahan
WaterWise OR Native
Shrubs
Arctostaphylos patula Photo: Neil Bell
Mt. mahogany Cercocarpus ledifolius http://www.malag.aes.oregonstate.edu/wildflowers/species.php/id-920
WaterWise Native Shrubs
Purple sage (Salvia dorii) http://www.malag.aes.oregonstate.edu/wildflowers/images.php/id-1072
Low Oregon grape (Berberis repens) http://www.malag.aes.oregonstate.edu/wildflowers/images.php/id-11
WaterWise OR Native Shrubs
Artemesia tridentata Photo: Tonie Fitzgerald, WSU Extension
Euonymus japonicus (a variegated form) http://oregonstate.edu/dept/ldplants/eujav1.htm
WaterWiseShrubs
Early flowering Grevillea rosmarinifoliaPhoto: Neil Bell
WaterWise Shrubs
Cistus x purpureus Photo: Neil Bell Cistus sp. Photo: Linda McMahan
WaterWise Shrubs
Holly leaf osmanthus, Osmanthus heterophyllus http://oregonstate.edu/dept/ldplants/oshe.htm
Box honeysuckle, Lonicera nitida ‘Baggesen’s Gold’ http://oregonstate.edu/dept/ldplants/lonibg.htm
WaterWise Perennials and “Subshrubs”
• More perennials are available than of trees and shrubs
• Choose from natives, prairie plants, herbs & other mediterranean plants
Helianthemum, rock rose - Photo: Neil Bell
What is a Subshrub?
It is perennial like, but dies back each winter to a woody base from which it resprouts.
The Value of Perennials
• Garden Interest and design element
• Nectar for hummingbirds, butterflies, & insects
• Cut flowersEpilobium canum (Zauchneria californica), California fuschia - Photo: Neil Bell
WaterWise Perennials and Subshrubs
Sedum ‘Autumn Joy’ - Photos: Linda McMahan
WaterWise Perennials and Subshrubs
Pineleaf Penstemon (Penstemon pinifolius) - Photos: Amy Jo Detweiler – Yellow form also available
WaterWise Perennials and Subshrubs
Painted daisy (Tanacetum coccineum) Photos: Amy Jo Detweiler
Achillea millefolium. Yarrow (Photo: Linda McMahan)
Erysimum ‘Julian Orchard’, wallflower (Photo: Neil Bell)
WaterWisePerennials & Subshrubs
WaterWise Perennials and Subshrubs
Senecio cineraria, dusty miller Photo – Neil Bell
Echinacea purpurea ‘White Swan’ Photo: Linda McMahan
WaterWise Herbs
• Herbs from the Mediterranean are a familiar form of herbaceous plant for gardens
• They are also culinary herbs, and may even act as deer repellants
• Avoid lemon balm and fennel which can become invasive in nature
Rosmarinus officinalis, rosemary Photo: Neil Bell
Lavendula angustifolia Photo: Linda McMahan
Lavendula cultivar Photo: Neil Bell
WaterWiseHerbs
Several kinds of lavendar work well in WaterWise gardens
WaterWise Herbs
Salvia chamaedryoides Photo: Neil Bell
Chives – Photo: Linda McMahan
WaterWise Herbs
From the Michigan State University’s 4-H Children’s Garden Photo: Linda McMahan
WaterWise Herbaceous
PlantsNative
Oregon sunshine (Eriophyllum lanatum) http://www.malag.aes.oregonstate.edu/wildflowers/images.php/id-1757 (Inset: Linda McMahan)
Showy penstemon (Penstemon speciosus) http://www.malag.aes.oregonstate.edu/wildflowers/images.php/id-2033
WaterWise Herbaceous PlantsOregon Natives
Pearly pussytoes Antennarria anaphaloides Photo: Linda McMahan
WaterWise Herbaceous PlantsOregon Natives
Yarrow, Achillea millefolium, native form (Photo: Linda McMahan
Columbine, Aquilegia formosa, (Photo: Linda McMahan
WaterWise Herbaceous PlantsOregon Natives
Pearly everlasting, Anaphalas margaritacea Photo: Linda McMahan
Sword fern, Polystichum munitum – Photo: Linda McMahan
WaterWise Bulbs
• Most are attractive• Many are native to
Oregon or Mediterranean areas of the world
• Many are already familiar to Oregon gardeners
Leucojum aestivum, summer snowflake Photo: Linda McMahan
Why Bulbs?
• Nearly all bulbs, except those of tropical origin fit well into WaterWise landscapes
• Withholding most water in the summer months actually aids in bulb survival in our gardens
Iris tenax, Oregon iris – Photo: Linda Mcmahan
WaterWise Bulbs
Anemone blanda
Crocus sp.
Photos: Linda McMahanTulips, Tulipa sp.
WaterWise Bulbs
Photos: Linda McMahanIris ‘Queen Dorothy’
Various Asiatic lilies
Douglas’ iris Iris douglasii Photo: Linda McMahan
Camas sp. Photo: Neil Bell
WaterWise Bulbs Oregon Natives
WaterWiseAnnuals
Helianthus annuusSunflower – Photo:Linda McMahan
Eschscholzia californicaCalifornia poppy Photo: Linda Mcmahan
Clarkia sp. Photo: Neil Bell
WaterWiseGroundcovers
• Lastly, groundcovers provide help in weed suppression and water retention
• And provide cover for smaller wildlife and beneficial insects Fragaria virginiana, one of our
native strawberries Photo: Linda McMahan
WaterWise Groundcovers
Fragaria chiloensis, Beach strawberry http://oregonstate.edu/dept/ldplants/frch3.htm
Juniperus horizontalis
http://oregonstate.edu/dept/ldplants/juho1.htm
Sedum spathulifolium, Photo – Linda McMahan
WaterWise Groundcovers
Ceanothus prostratus
Kinnickinnick (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi)
Photos: Linda McMahan
The End
Enjoy your new garden!