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Slides from Chris Mills talk @ codemotion roma 2014
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don’t stress about taking notes:
๏ These slides are all at slideshare.net/chrisdavidmills
๏ developer.mozilla.org
๏ @chrisdavidmills
๏ #mdn irc channel on mozilla irc
๏ [email protected] mailing list
๏ heavy metal drummer turned web nerd
๏ tech writer @ mozilla
๏ web tinkerer (HTML, CSS, JS)
๏ accessibility whiner
๏ educator
who am i?
mdn!!
what is THE MOBILE WEB?
what is the mobile web?
wap
๏ (blarrrgh, awful...)
what is the mobile web?
the web for mobile phones
๏ real mobile browsers
๏ separate web sites for mobiles
๏ lots of ua sniffing crimes
what is the mobile web?
the web as it is experienced on mobiles/tablets/etc.
๏ more thought given to ux; to context
๏ progressive enhancement
๏ feature detection
๏ responsive
what is the mobile web?
the web while you’re on the move
๏ geolocation
๏ offline data storage
what is the mobile web?
web technologies providing “native” capabilities
๏ installable apps
๏ control over device hardware and key services
๏ app ecosystem/marketplace
๏ fully functional offline apps
๏ high fps performance
what’s the problem?
web versus native, the age-old struggle
the usual arguments
native is better?
๏ faster?
๏ more integrated, consistent experience?
๏ better developer ecosystem?
๏ more secure?
the usual arguments
๏ web sites accessing other tabs or apps?
๏ web sites accessing camera contacts e-mail?
solutions,moz style
solutions
we’ve been working hard on this at mozilla
๏ app ecosystem
๏ firefox os
๏ apis
๏ developer experience and tools
๏ performance
app ecosystem
installable apps
not a new phenomenon, but...
๏ pretty recent concept for the web
๏ manifest file defines app (manifest.webapp)
๏ installation controlled by app installation and management apis
{ "version": "0.1", "name": "To-do alarms", "description": "My awesome open web app", "launch_path": "/index.html", "icons": { "128": "/img/icon-128.png" }, "developer": { "name": "Chris Mills", "url": "http://yourawesomeapp.com" }, "locales": { "es": { "description": "Su nueva aplicación impresionante Open Web", "developer": { "url": "http://yourawesomeapp.com" } }, "it": {
manifest example
var manifest_url = location.href.substring(0, location.href.lastIndexOf("/")) + "/manifest.webapp"; function install() { // install the app var install = navigator.mozApps.install(manifest_url); install.onsuccess = function(data) { // App is installed, do something if you like }; install.onerror = function() { // App wasn't installed, info is in // install.error.name alert(install.error.name); }; };
installation example
app types
Apps can be:
๏ hosted: just like a normal web site, but with a manifest and install
functionality
๏ packaged: zipped up, hosted somewhere (like the firefox
marketplace)
app stores
you are free to distribute your apps how you like
๏ marketplace.firefox.com
๏ team of reviewers verify apps before they are accepted
๏ you can also host your own apps
๏ or set up your own marketplace
app payments
now you can charge money for web apps
๏ payments api (mozpay) that uses the bango payments provider
๏ receipt verification to make sure payments are completed
๏ in-app payments also available
web runtime
web rt allows installable apps to work on other platforms
๏ apk wrapper for android apps, which includes native equivalents
where possible
๏ similar native wrappers for desktop platforms coming up
๏ firefox marketplace/Firefox will generate these
firefox os
firefox os!
our mobile platform
๏ totally built on open web technologies
๏ mostly standards
๏ some are new inventions, with standardization being worked on
๏ designed for low power devices
successes so far
lots of success so far:
๏ 4 hardware partners
๏ 16 launches in 15 countries
๏ 30% market share with TEF in Uruguay; 12% market share with TEF
in Colombia
๏ vibrant developer community
๏ developer preview devices available
architecture
three main layers
๏ gonk: linux kernel plus hardware abstraction layer
๏ gecko: entire system runs on our rendering engine
๏ gaia: ui plus default system apps
architecture
everything runs in gecko
๏ each app runs in an iframe, hanging off main process
๏ this enforces cross app security (sandbox)
๏ as does api permissions system (see later)
๏ oom errors handled via a priority system
apis
apis!!!
we want to control everything from the web
๏ so we’re creating apis to handle access to device hardware, system
functions, etc.
๏ security handled by permissions, in the manifest
api permissions
different apis have different permission levels:
๏ standard apis can be accessed by any app
๏ privileged apis can only be used in a packaged, verified apps (e.g.
contacts, device storage, keyboard)
๏ certified apis can only be used by vendor-installed apps (e.g.
camera, sms, dialer, bluetooth)
var pick = new MozActivity({ name: "pick", data: { type: ["image/png", "image/jpg", "image/jpeg"] } });
web activities (intents)
web activities
pick.onsuccess = function () { // Create image and set the returned blob as the src var img = document.createElement("img"); img.src = window.URL.createObjectURL(this.result.blob); // Present that image in your app var imagePresenter = document.querySelector("#image-presenter"); imagePresenter.appendChild(img); }; pick.onerror = function () { // If an error occurred or the user canceled the activity alert("Can't view the image!"); };
web activities
var img = '/to-do-notifications/img/icon-128.png'; var text = 'HEY! Your task "' + title + '" is now overdue.'; var notification = new Notification('To do list', { body: text, icon: img });
notification
!var myAlarmDate = new Date(month.value + " " + day.value + ", " + year.value + " " + hours.value + ":" + minutes.value + ":00"); !var data = { task: title.value } !var request = navigator.mozAlarms.add(myAlarmDate, "ignoreTimezone", data); !request.onsuccess = function () { console.log("Alarm successfully scheduled"); var alarmRequest = navigator.mozAlarms.getAll(); alarmRequest.onsuccess = function() { newAlarmId = this.result[(this.result.length)-1].id; } };
alarm
navigator.mozSetMessageHandler("alarm", function (alarm) { // only launch a notification if the Alarm is of the right type for this app if(alarm.data.task) { // Create a notification when the alarm is due new Notification("Your task " + alarm.data.task + " is now due!"); updateNotified(alarm.data.task); } });
alarm + notification
alarm + notification
window.navigator.vibrate(200); // vibrate for 200ms !window.navigator.vibrate([100,30,100,30,100,200,200,30,200,30,200,200,100,30,100,30,100]); // Vibrate 'SOS' in Morse.
vibration
window.addEventListener('devicelight', function(deviceLightEvent) { /* Check ambient light status */ if (deviceLightEvent.value > 500) { // snow _self.setSnow(); } else if (deviceLightEvent.value > 100) { // morning _self.setMorning(); } else if (deviceLightEvent.value > 10) { // evening _self.setEvening(); } else { // night _self.setNight(); } });
light sensor
light sensor
light sensor
window.addEventListener("deviceorientation", handleOrientation, true); !function handleOrientation(event) { var alpha = event.alpha; var beta = event.beta; var gamma = event.gamma; ! // Do stuff with the new orientation data }
device orientation
device orientation
alpha
betagamma
window.addEventListener('devicemotion', function(event) { console.log(event.acceleration.x + ' m/s2'); });
device motion
var person = new mozContact(); person.givenName = ["John"]; person.familyName = ["Doe"]; person.nickname = ["No kidding"]; !var person = new mozContact(contactData); // Firefox OS 1.3 takes a parameter to initialize the object if ("init" in person) { // Firefox OS 1.2 and below uses a "init" method to initialize the object person.init(contactData); } !// save the new contact var saving = navigator.mozContacts.save(person); !saving.onsuccess = function() { console.log('new contact saved'); }; !
contacts
var message = "Hi!"; var number = "1234"; // There are several ways to retrieve a valid phone number !navigator.mozMobileMessage.send(number, message);
SMS
regular web stuff!
other standards features also work great in this context:
๏ indexeddb/localstorage
๏ web rtc/getusermedia
๏ css animations
๏ SVg
developer experience
developer experience
we want to give the web a first class development experience,
alongside native ecosystems:
๏ documentation
๏ developer tools
๏ frameworks, templates, libraries
documentation
announce new things, provide useful references, give
recommendations
๏ hacks blog
๏ mdn app center
developer tools
developer tools
๏ firefox’s standard toolbox
๏ app manager
๏ remote debugging
๏ you can run gaia inside desktop firefox too
frameworks and libraries
ready made code to make development easier
๏ mortar app templates
๏ brick: web components for building up interfaces quickly
๏ libraries to solve real world problems, for example localforage
๏ firefox os boilerplate: great resource for learning about fxos
๏ phonegap now has firefox os as a target platform
performance enhancers
performance enhancers
because the web can still be a bit slow
๏ web workers
๏ asm.js
๏ emscripten
web workers
web workers
๏ run scripts in a background thread
๏ don’t block the main thread execution
๏ specify a script to run in the background
๏ pass messages between the two
asm.js
asm.js
๏ just javascript
๏ a very efficient low-level subset
๏ suitable for ahead-of-time optimizing compilation
๏ Unity3d now has asm.js/WebGL support
emscripten
emscripteN
๏ an LLVM to javascript compiler (well, asm.js, specifically)
๏ compile c++ (and others) into JS and run it on the web
๏ = “very fast shit” ™
resources
๏ look up localforage - polyfill for indexeddb/websql/localstorage
๏ simplewebrtc.com - simple webrtc library
๏ animate.css - good library for css animations
๏ raphaeljs.com, d3js.org - svg libraries
๏ emscripten.org - try quakejs.com and unrealengine.com/html5 in
a recent version of firefox, opera or chrome
๏ asmjs.org
๏ MDN app center: developer.mozilla.org/en-US/Apps
๏ hacks blog: hacks.mozilla.org
