*DNA Replication Notes

*WARM UP

1. Take out PD and Reading Annotations

2. Take 1 sheet of DNA – Double Helix Game, DNA replication Notes, and 1 laptop per table. Log-on and go to nobelprize.org. Then click on the educational tab on top of the menu

3. Swap and Comment on PDs

DNA Activity

Objective: be the fastest team that makes a copy of DNA with the least amount of nucleotides so that you end up with 2 copies of DNA in the endRules:- No talking during the activity- 2 min to discuss strategy before

activity- When finished, tape your 2 DNA

strands on the white board as shown

- The game does not end until the top 3 teams are established

http://www.online-stopwatch.com/

*Activity Wrap-up

Fun Fact:

Speed of DNA replication in human cells 50bps/sec

Speed of DNA replication in bacterial cells 1000bps/sec

*WARM UP

1. What are some differences and similarities between DNA and RNA

2. Draw how the two strands of DNA align. Label the 5’ (prime) and 3’ (prime) ends.(draw out the molecules) What is this type of alignment called?

3. What is going well in this class so far? What are your criticisms of this class?

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bee6PWUgPo8&feature=relmfu

Make copies of DNA

DNA Replication means to

DNA Replication happens when

new cells need to be made

Mitosis and Meiosis

DNA Replication

Parental strand

Daughter stand

DNA goes through a type of replication called semi-conservative replication, which means one strand on the DNA helix is new and the other strand is old

How does DNA replicate?

Step 1: DNA Helix unwinds and the 2 strands separate.

How does DNA replicate?

Step 2: Add free nucleotides that hydrogen bond to the original strand

How does DNA replicate?

Step 3: Phosphates bond with sugar to form the backbone of the new nucleotides

How DNA replicates in prokaryotes

Have one origin of replication

How DNA replicates in eukaryotes

Have multiple origins of replication

The main difference between replication in prokaryotes and eukaryotes is that prokaryotes have one origin of replication and eukaryotes have many

Mechanism of DNA Replication: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=teV62zrm2P0

Replication Bubble: (look in DNA packet)

DNA REPLication Real Time Advanced: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I9ArIJWYZHI

Replication fork:

Primer:

Primase:

Helicase:

• Where the DNA strands split off• Moves with the path of the

replication bubble

Short sequence of RNA that binds to the lagging parental strand in order for DNA polymerase to copy the lagging strnad

A protein that binds to the parental lagging strand to make a primer

A protein that unwinds DNA

Single strand binding protein:

DNA ligase:

DNA polymerase:

A protein that binds each DNA strand to stabilize it and hold it apart

A protein that adds free nucleotides from 5’ to 3’ to make a new strand of DNA. Also fixes mistakes in DNA

A protein that binds the phosphates of nucleic acids to the sugar group of adjacent nucleic acids

How does DNA replicate?

A.Using Conservative replication

B.Using Dispersive replication

C.Using Liberal replication

D.Using Semi-conservative replication

What protein unwinds DNA during DNA

replication?A.DNA Polymerase

B.Helicase

C.Primase

D.Ligase

E.Unwindase

In what strand is DNA synthesized continuously?

A. Leading Strand

B. Following Strand

C. Lagging Strand

D. Continuous Strand

What is the main difference in DNA replication between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

A.Eukaryotes have a nucleus

B.Prokaryotes use conservative replication and Eukaryotes use semi-conservative.

C.Eukaryotes have multiple origins of replication and prokaryotes only have one

D.There is no difference

*PCR – Polymerase Chain Reaction

*PCR – Polymerase Chain Reaction

PCR HIDDEN HISTORY!

*http://www.hulu.com/watch/101375/the-nobel-prize-he-surfs-he-walks-mazes-he-invents-pcr-profile-of-biochemist-kary-mullis

*PCR stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction

*PCR is a scientific technique to amplify (make large copies) of a specific sequence of DNA

*Warm up

*What protein unwinds DNA

*What protein adds nucleotides to make the new strand of DNA

*Draw a general diagram of how DNA replication works or Explain how DNA replication works

*Happy Friday!

*Ingredients of PCR

1. DNA Template

2. dNTPs (deoxyribonucleotide)

3. Taq Polymerase

4. Primers

5. Buffer and MgCl

*PCR STEPS

*http://www.invitrogen.com/site/us/en/home/Products-and-Services/Applications/PCR/pcr-animation.html

*How PCR works

*http://www.invitrogen.com/site/us/en/home/Products-and-Services/Applications/PCR/pcr-animation.html

*The PCR Dance