Cornelius developed world

Improving Human Nutrition with Biotechnology-Derived Soybean Traits

Biofortification ConferenceNovember 9, 2010

Joe CorneliusMonsanto Company

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Monsanto Confidential

The World Produces 133 MMT of Vegetable Oils 83% is Consumed for Food

Ch

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2009 Global Vegetable Oil Consumption in Food

Was 110 MMT

Palm47 MMT

35%

Soybean 40 MMT

30%

Rapeseed19 MMT

14%

Sunflower, 11

Coconut, 3

Cotton, 5Peanut, 5Corn, 2

2009 Global Vegetable Oil Production

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Improving Soybean Oil Composition Provides Opportunity to Positively Impact US Diets

• Soybean oil is a major component of US dietary oils & fats

• For fried foods, baked goods, and snack products, soybean oil is hydrogenated to increase shelf life and flavor stability

• Partial hydrogenation process creates trans fats

U.S. Edible Oil Consumption (27 Billion lbs)

Soybean(65%)

(16.6 B Lbs)

Coconut

Corn

Cottonseed

Lard

Olive

Palm

Palm Kernel

Peanut

Canola

Safflower

Sunflower

Tallow, edible

2008 Soya & Oilseed Bluebook


Mono-Unsaturated

(Oleic)

Saturated Fatty Acid(Palmitic)

Nutritional Recommendations and Actual Intake

02468

10121416

Dietary RecommendationsActual Consumption

Poly-Unsaturated (Omega 3/6)

Trans Fat Hydrogenation

(Linolenic)

(% of energy)

We consume too little

We consume too much

Low as possible

Vegetable Oil Consumption Impacts Nutrition

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Technology Platforms Enable Innovation from Gene to Seed to Food

Genomics

Food & Nutrition

Crop Analytics

Molecular Breeding

Conventional Breeding

Biotechnology

BREEDING

BIOTECHNOLOGY

CropGermplasm

Improved

Seeds

Two R&D pathways linked by shared tools

5Monsanto Confidential5

Vistive® Gold Soybean Oil High Stability, Low Saturated Fat, Zero Trans Fat

Over 12 years development with Processors, Food Co’s and Nutrition Community

OUTPUT TRAIT PRODUCT CONCEPT:• Consumer health (reduce trans fat & saturated fat)• Food product performance (increase oxidative stability)• Sustainable local source (renewable feedstock - food & industrial))

Soybean Oil - Fatty Acid Composition (%)

16:0Palmitic

18:0Stearic

18:1 Oleic

18:2 Linoleic

18:3 Linolenic

Commodity Soybean Oil 11 4 20 55 8

Vistive Gold Soybean Oil* 3 3 74 15 < 3.5

Reduce Saturates(Total 60%, Palm 73%)

Zero TransIncrease StabilityBenefits

Discovery Phase 1Proof of Concept

Phase 2Early Development

Phase 3Adv. Development

Phase 4Pre-Launch

Launch

Monsanto Company Confidential 6

NEW 2010 Dietary Guidelines: Reduce saturated fat from 10% en to 7% en

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* Target fatty acid composition; final product specification range is contingent upon variety development and environment

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18:0StearicSaturate

18:1OleicMono

18:2LinoleicOmega 6

FATBThioesterase

16:0PalmiticSaturate

18:3Linolenic

Omega 3FAD2 Δ-12 Desaturase

FAD3 Δ-15 Desaturase

Δ-9 Desaturase

Fatty acidsynthesis

Palmitate(in trigly-cerides)

CONVENTIONAL

NOTE: relative sizes for illustrative purposes only- not proportional to actual composition

Biotechnology + Breeding Enhance Soybean Oil

Reduces Saturated Fatty Acids

Increase MonounsaturatesReduces Polyunsaturates

18:0StearicSaturate

18:1OleicMono

18:2LinoleicOmega 6

FATBThioesterase

16:0PalmiticSaturate

18:3Linolenic

Omega 3

ConventionalBreeding

VISTIVE® GOLD

Reduces 18:3, enabling frying without hydrogenation

Activity Reduced-Biotech (RNAi)



Vistive Gold Technology in the Seed Lowers Saturated Fat in a Soybean Acre

Each acre of Vistive Gold Soybeans reduces:

•Saturated Fat 60%

•Palmitic Acid 75%

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Commodity Soy15% Sat Fat

Palmitic

Palmitic

Stearic

Stearic

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Vistive Gold Soy 6% Sat Fat

Average annual U.S. per capita consumption of soybean oil is 54 lbs; Average U.S. lifespan is 77.7 years


Over a persons lifetime Vistive Gold could reduce saturated fat intake 377 LBS

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Vistive Gold Technology in the Seed Increases Soybean Oil Fry Life 77%

CommoditySoybean Acre

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51 HrsCommodity

Oil Fry Life

90 HrsVistive Gold Oil

Fry Life

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Life

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Vistive GoldSoybean Acre


French Fries and Fried Chicken

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Nutrition FactsServing Size 114 g

Amount Per Serving

Calories 384 Calories from Fat 183

% daily Value*

Total Fat 20g 31%

Saturated Fat 2.5g

Trans Fat 0g

Nutrition FactsServing Size 114 g

Amount Per Serving

Calories 384 Calories from Fat 183

% daily Value*

Total Fat 20g 31%

Saturated Fat 4g

Trans Fat 1g

French Fry in Partial

Hydrogenated Oil

Vistive Gold Delivers Consumer Nutrition Benefit

• Vistive oil reduced saturated fat 43% and trans fat 98% in french fries

• Vistive oil enables Zero Trans Fat on nutrition facts label

• Food Co’s striving for “Clean Label’s” (no trans-fat, no PHSBO, low saturated fat)

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French Fry Study

French Fry in

Vistive Gold Oil

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Vistive GoldHydrogenatedSource: 2009, Merlin Development and Monsanto

Sat Fat

23.4%

TransFat

15.7%

Trans 0.3%Sat

13.2%

Percent

% Trans & Saturated Fat in French Fries

39.1%

13.5%


Soybean Oil - Fatty Acid Composition (%)

16:0Palmitic

18:0Stearic

18:1 Oleic

18:2 Linoleic

18:3 Linolenic

18:4ω3Stearidonic

Commodity Soy 11 4 24 52 8 0

SDA Omega 3 Soy* 11 4 20 24 10 20

Soymega Soybean Oil for Food(SDA Omega-3 Enriched Soybeans)

Over 12 years development with Processors, Food Co’s and Nutrition Community

OUTPUT TRAIT PRODUCT CONCEPT:• Consumer nutrition benefit (bioactive omega 3 – heart health)• Improve food product performance (taste and shelf life)• Sustainable source of omega 3 in food (renewable supply – non marine)

Increase Omega-3

Discovery Phase 1Proof of Concept

Phase 2Early Development

Phase 3Adv. Development

Phase 4Pre-Launch

Launch

Monsanto Company Confidential

TM

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* Target fatty acid composition; final product specification range is contingent upon variety development and environment

SDA-Omega 3 Soybean Oil a Better SolutionDietary EPA has been demonstrated in clinical trials to benefit heart health*

* Yokoyama et al. Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on major coronary events in hypercholesterolaemic patients (JELIS): a randomised openlabel, blinded endpoint analysis. Lancet 2007; 369: 1090–98

Algae Produce EPA

Marine Route to Omega 3 in Human Diet is via Algae and Fish Oil

20:5EPA

Omega 3

18:1OleicMono

18:2Linoleic

Omega 6

18:3ALA

Omega 3

18:4SDA

Omega 3

20:5EPA

Omega 3

20:5EPA

Omega 3

Fish consume algae and deposit

EPA

Humans consume fish and deposit

EPA

Rate limiting step is ALA conversion

to SDA in fish and mammals

18:1OleicMono

18:2Linoleic

Omega 6

18:3ALA

Omega 3

18:4SDA

Omega 3

+ Delta-15

desaturase

+ Delta-6

desaturase

Soybeans Produce SDA

Biotech Route to Omega 3 in Human Diet is via Soybean Oil

(overcomes rate limiting step)

20:5SDA

Omega 3

A wide variety of

foods made with

SDA soy oil

20:5EPA

Omega 3

Humans consume good

tasting SDA foods and

produce their own EPA

12 Monsanto Confidential


SDA Omega-3 Soybean Oil Clinical Study Confirms Heart Health Benefit

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ConventionalSoy Oil Diet

EPA Oil Control Diet

SDA Soy Oil Diet

*

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*Per protocol population of 157 subjects; p<0.001 compared to soy oil control; SDA and EPA not different p=0.101

Presented at: American Heart

Association Scientific Sessions Nov. 14, 2009 by

Dr. William Harris

•SDA is GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe)

•SDA diet more than doubles heart healthy EPA levels compared to commodity soy

• In addition, SDA diet exhibited a significant reduction in triglycerides• 26-30% reduction versus control subjects with high baseline triglycerides

CLINICAL STUDY RESULTS DEMONSTRATE SDA CONVERSION TO HEART HEALTHY EPA

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Mean (+ SEM) for per protocol population of 157 subjects•p<0.001 compared to soy oil control; delta for SDA and EPA not different p=0.101; ANCOVA

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Soymega SDA is Compatible with Food Systems

14 Monsanto Confidential

Soymega flavor profile outperforms

alternative sources of Omega-3

3.5 3.54.0

5.0 5.0

7.5

Control

Soy

SDA

Soy

Flax Algal Fish EncapsulatedFish

0-15 Scale =National Food Laboratory. Nut and Berry Granola Bar Sensory Results. July 2008.

Low Score

= Better

Taste!

Granola Bar Shelf Life Results

Baking

BreadsMuffinsCookies/CrackersPastries/CakesBaked Cereal Bars

Snack Foods

Granola/Cereal BarsNutritional BarsSnacksConfectionery

Prepared Foods

Processed MeatsProcessed FishEntrees/SidesSoups/SaucesPet Foods

Beverages

Soy Milk/SmoothiesFruit Juices/DrinksVegetable Juices/DrinksEnhanced Waters

Dairy Products

Dairy DrinksYogurt/Yogurt DrinksCheese ProductsSour Cream/DipsIce Cream/Frozen DessertsNon Dairy Creamers

Oil Based Foods

Margarine/SpreadsShorteningsMayonnaiseSalad DressingsPeanut Butter

Broad Range of Food ApplicationsExcellent Stability and Clean Neutral Flavor

* Each salmon icon represents 100 servings of fish

Omega-3 Soybeans a Path to Sustainable SupplyJust one acre of Omega-3

SDA- enriched soybeans is equal to~10,000, 3 oz. servings of salmon

Monsanto Company Confidential 151515


Summary: Improving Human Nutrition with Biotechnology-Derived Soybean Traits

2010 Dietary Guidelines Recommendations• Avoid industrial trans fat

• Substitute with MUFA and PUFA

• Reduce saturated fat in diet• Reduce to less than 7% en.• Substitute with MUFA and PUFA

• Consume LC sources of Omega-3• Two 4 oz. servings of fatty fish/week• Average of 250mg LC PUFA/week

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Soymega™ SDA Omega-3Soybean Oil

Vistive® GoldLow Saturate

High Oleic Low LinolenicSoybean Oil