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Climate Change Mitigation and
Adaptation: The Case of Ikalahan Forest Carbon
Raquel Lopez, Emma Abasolo,
Grace Villamor, Rodel D. Lasco
IFAD KLM3
Megatrade Hall 3, Oct 20, 2009
Presentation Outline
What are ES? What is PES? Kyoto protocol, CDM steps
What is RUPES?Carbon CDM market– Ikalahan Case: Potential and Challenges
What are ecosystem services (ES)?
the benefits from the functioning of ecosystemsprovided by natural processes/ components to satisfy human needs
(de Groot 1992)
consist of flows of materials, energy, and information from stocks to produce human welfare (Costanza et al, 1997)
ES Classification
Watershed functions water flows, water quality
Biodiversity functions conservation
Human health and landscape beauty ecotourism Carbon stocks – sequestration and storage (CSS) tree cover/forest carbon
Payments/Rewards for Ecosystem Services (P/RES)
Wunder’s definition:(1)Voluntary
transaction(2)Well-defined ES(3)ES seller(4)Bought by ES buyer(5)Conditionality:
continuous ES provision Photos: B. Belcher, C.
Cossalter, & S. Wunder
Existing PES schemes
Voluntary Carbon Standard (VCS)Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD)Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)
PES thru VCS, REDD, CDM
Payment for CSS: CDM
Clean Development Mechanism - a flexibility mechanism under the Kyoto Protocolallows industrialized countries to implement emission reduction projects in developing countries and receive credit Certificates of Emission Reduction (CERs)/
carbon credits: 1 ton CO2 = 1 CER
Forestry (Sinks) CDM Projects
Only reforestation and afforestation projects allowedSmall-scale forestry projects eligible (< 8000 t CO2/year)Bundling of individual parcels of land allowed
“CDM”able Forest Lands
Concept of Forest Carbon Development
Steps in the CDM Process
Project ApplicationProject ValidationProject Registration Project Implementation and MonitoringProject Verification and Certification Applicable/feasible Project Design
Document (PDD) is very crucial!
What is RUPES?
“Rewarding the Upland Poor for Environmental Services they Provide (RUPES)” Phase 1: 2005 – 2008 - Local pilot projects
Aims to enhance the livelihoods and reduce the upland poverty while conserving the environmentRewards for, Use of and Shared Investment in Pro-poor Environmental Services Phase 2: 2009 – 2011 - National policy-making
and institutional support
RUPES CSS Site: Kalahan
Ikalahan Ancestral Domain (IAD)Indigenous people (IP): Ikalahan and Kalanguya 58,000 ha (including 14,000 forest reserve)Kalahan Educational Foundation (KEF)
www.worldagroforestrycentre.org/Sea/Networks/RUPES/
Potentials
Area identified for forest carbon development: 900 has Rehabilitation of denuded/degraded lands 8 barangays in 2 municipalities
Strategy for carbon development: Agroforestation:
• Forest-tree plantation • Agroforestry farm development
Potentials
Approach for carbon development: community-based DIRECT IMPLEMENTERS
• Ikalahan and Kalanguya parcel/lot owners
Project Management: PROPONENT: KEF
• Project Design• Project Field Implementation• Community organizing/Advocacy • Capacity-building
Role of ICRAF Philippines
Prepared Project Identification Notes (PIN) for the potential CSS Carbon baseline of grasslands Potential C sequestration of 900 has
PDD preparation and CDM Registration RUPES – Technical/financial assistance Mitsubishi UFJ Securities - Consultancy
services for PDD and UNFCCC registration
Estimated net cumulative CO2-e removals
900 has area : total CO2/20 years
Total estimated reductions over 10 years (2008- 2016) (tones of CO2e)
36,267
Total estimated reductions over 20 years (2008-June 2026) (tones of CO2e)
89,776
Total no. of crediting years 20
Annual average over the crediting period of estimated reductions (tones of CO2e/yr)
4,489
The Challenges: Can KEF do it?
Areas of concern for actualization PDD preparation (mapping, land-owner
agreement, land mgt scheme strategy, field operational arrangement)
Actual field implementation - technical and financial capacity
Project Maintenance and Carbon Monitoring - technical capacity
Yes they Can!
Kalahan has a great potential for carbon developmentWith IFAD through RUPES’ financial and technical assistance, KEF have the potential to comply the requirements to meet carbon markets. Case site study assessment result indicate
that support from RUPES project is very important.
Therefore,
IAD – wide forested areas for conservation and protection for important ESIAD potential to enter the REDD
Have a good day!
Give a man a fish and you feed him for a
day. Teach him how to fish and you feed
him for a lifetime. Lao Tzu
Raquel [email protected] P. Abasolo, [email protected]
