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Africa will enhance economic growth when ( not if) they embrace Economic Transformation. Trade matters. Aid is past tense. Poor leadership. Elly Twineyo Kamugisha; Author: WHY AFRICA FAILS
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TRADE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN UGANDA
Issue No.19 - October/November 2012
Special Edition on SOCIAL MARKET ECONOMY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
1
2 FOREWORD
ARTICLES
3 ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN UGANDA SINCE 1997
7 THE CONCEPT OF SOCIAL MARKET ECONOMY – AN INSPIRATION FOR UGANDA?
14 INCLUSIVE GROWTH FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
19 THE IMPACT OF NATIONAL BUDGETING ON TRADE AND WEALTH-CREATION
23 WHY CITIZENS’ PARTICIPATION IN THE BUDGET PROCESS IS CRITICAL
27 THE ROLE OF NDP IN THE SOCIAL MARKET ECONOMY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
30 THE ROLE OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN DEVELOPMENT
32 THE WAR WITHIN
35 UGANDA’S ECONOMIC CHALLENGES – A YOUTH PERSPECTIVE
CONTENTSPublisher:African Centre for Trade and Development (ACTADE)P.O. Box 16452, KampalaPlot 474 Gaba Road, 3rd Floor Pension House, KabalagalaTel: +256 414 664 616 Email: [email protected] Website: www.actade.org
Project Coordinator:Aine Gloria Ag. Programme Officer, ACTADE Tel: +256 783 134 404 Email: [email protected]
Design & print:Media PH Ltd.Email: [email protected],Tel: +256 312 371 217
Photo credit:All photos courtesy of the New Vision Group, ACTADE and Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung.
Funding:Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung UgandaP.O. Box 647, KampalaPlot 51a Prince Charles Drive, KololoTel: +256 414 259 611
Copyright:
© ACTADE 2011
All rights reserved. Reproduction of all or parts of this publication for educational or other noncommercial purposes is authorised without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged and any alterations to its integrity are indicated.Reproduction of this publication for sale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written consent of the copyright holder.
The opinions expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of ACTADE or the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung but rather those of the authors.
THE GUIDE
2
FOREWORD
Elly Twineyo Kamugisha
is the Executive Director
at the African Centre for
Trade and Development
(ACTADE). He is a senior
public policy analyst and
has worked as a senior
professional at Uganda
Export Promotion Board/
GoU and with UNDP
projects on promotion of
external trade. He has
worked as a part time
lecturer of Makerere
University Business
School (MUBS) and as
an Associate Consultant
at Uganda Management
Institute (UMI). He is the
author of the book “Why
Africa Fails” (2012).
3
ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN UGANDA SINCE 1997By Fred Muhumza
Fred Kakongoro
Muhumuza holds a
PhD in Development
Economics from the
University of Manchester
and is endowed with vast
experience in the areas
of research and policy
analysis. In the last fifteen
years, he has taught
economics in various
Universities in Uganda,
worked at the Economic
Policy Research Centre at
Makerere and is currently
an Economic Advisor in
the Ministry of Finance
Planning and Economic
Development. He has
carried out considerable
analysis of various aspects
of the socio economic
development policies
and outcomes in Uganda
leading to a number of
publications and public
discussions on the subject.
4
�
� �
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
Coffee Price (US$/Kilo)
1994/95 1995/96 1996/97 1997/98 1998/99 1999/00 2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04
5
8000
7000
6000
5000
400
3000
2000
1000
0
Credit to Private Sector
lend
ing
rate
s
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Cre
dit t
o P
rivat
e S
ecto
r
6
� �
2000
1500
1000
500
0
-500
-1000
-1500
-2000Current account balance
Reserves and related items
Capital & financial account balance
08/0
9
09/1
0
92/9
3
93/9
4
94/9
5
95/9
6
96/9
7
97/9
8
98/9
9
99/0
0
00/0
1
01/0
2
02/0
3
03/0
4
04/0
5
05/0
6
06/0
7
07/0
8
7
THE CONCEPT OF SOCIAL MARKET ECONOMY – AN INSPIRATION FOR UGANDA?By Mathias Kamp
��
Mathias Kamp is a German
political scientist with
expertise in the areas of
development cooperation,
democratisation,
governance and civic
education. He holds
bachelor degrees in
Public Administration
and European Studies
and a master degree in
International Relations
and Development Policy.
Currently he works as
Programme Officer in
the office of the Konrad-
Adenauer-Stiftung for
Uganda and South Sudan,
based in Kampala.
8
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9
�
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10
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11
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12
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�
13
�
�
14
INCLUSIVE GROWTH FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTBy Annette Were Munabi
Annette Were Munabi
holds an M.A. in
Economics from
Makerere University
in collaboration with
the African Economic
Research Consortium
(AERC) and a B.Sc.
in Economics and
Statistics from Makerere
University. Currently
she works as a Policy
Analyst for Economic
Policy and Livelihoods at
Development Research
and Training (DRT).
15
�
Bank of Uganda (December 2011). State of the Economy Report .
Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development. Budget speech, FY 2012/13 delivered at the meeting of the second session of the 9th Parliament of Uganda
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
10.8
8.5 8.7
7.2 7.36.7
5.95.1 5
3.52.62.8
2.11.7
GDPgrowthrate
PercapitaGDPgrowthrate
2001
/200
2002
/200
2003
/200
2004
/200
2005
/200
2006
/200
2007
/200
2008
/200
2009
/201
2010
/201
6.86.5 6.3
4.8
8.4
3.6
Agricultureforestry and fishing
Industry
Services
2008
/09
2009
/10
2010
/11
2011
/12
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
16
Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development. Annual Budget Performance Report, FY 2010/11
Lukwago, D., (2010). Increasing Agricultural Sector Financ-ing. ACODE Policy Research Series No. 40,2010
17
18
19
THE IMPACT OF NATIONAL BUDGETING ON TRADE AND WEALTH-CREATIONBy Charles Mulozi Olweny
Charles M. Olweny holds
a degree in Human
Resource Management
and a Masters degree
in Human Rights from
Makerere University.
He holds numerous
certificates in human
rights and humanitarian
law. He worked with
Foundation for Human
Rights Initiative (FHRI)
as Research Monitor and
documentation officer
for two years and is now
working with Volunteer
Efforts for Development
Concerns (VEDCO) as
advocacy officer.
20
Sectoral Shares in FY 2012/13
Agriculture, 3.4%
Health, 7.6%Water &Environment, 3.0%
Justice/ Law &Order, 5.6%
Accountabilty, 5.2%
Tourism, Trade and Industry, 0.7%
Land Housing andUrban Dev, 0.2%
Social Dev, 0.8%ICT, 0.1%
Public Sector Mgt, 9,7%
Legislature, 1.7%
Interest Payment, 7.7%
Security, 7.3%
Works &Transport, 14.8%
Education, 15.7%Energy,13.9%
21
22
US
$ in
milli
ons
2000
2002
2004
2005
2003
2000
2002
2004
2005
2003
2000
2002
2004
2005
2003
2000
2002
2004
2005
2003
2000
2002
2004
2005
2003
Tanzania Rwanda Burundi China
600
400
200
(400)
(600)
(200)
Trade Balance
Imports
Exports
Kenya
23
WHY CITIZENS’ PARTICIPATION IN THE BUDGET PROCESS IS CRITICALby Julius Mukunda
Julius Mugisha Mukunda
is an economist from
Makerere University
and currently a Senior
Programme Director
at Forum for Women in
Democracy (FOWODE).
He is also a coordinator
of the Civil Society
Budget Advocacy
Group (CSBAG), a
coalition of individuals
and organisations
interested in influencing
the national budget
processes and
specialised in the area
of Economic Policy
Advocacy.
24
Parliament
Cabinet
MFPED
Line Ministries/
Spending Agencies/
SWGs/Donors
National Budget Workshop-Indicative Sector Ceilings-Budget & SWG Guidelines
Proparation of SectorBFP and RevisedMTEF Allocationswithin the ceiling
Oct- Dec Jan-Mar Apr-June
The Consultative Budget Process
Budget Speech
Submission of IndicativePlan MTEF
Cabinate approval of BFP/MTEF
Compilation of National BFPAnd Upated MTEF
Finalisation of BudgetAllocation MTEF
FER
Preparation of DetailedBuget Estimation
Final Budget Approval
April 1 May15 June15
InterministerialConsultations
25
�
�
26
�
100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%
Central Govenment Local Governement
2012/132011/12 2013/14 2014/15
7,633.807,693.507,693.506,218.70
2,483.502,106.102,106.101,671.40
27
THE ROLE OF NDP IN THE SOCIAL MARKET ECONOMY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTBy Richard Mugisha
Richard Mugisha holds
a degree (Hons) in
Business Administration
majoring in management
from Nkumba University,
Uganda. He also holds
a Diploma in Secondary
Education obtained from
Nkozi National Teacher’s
College. He has ten
years professional
working experience and
three years experience
in policy and advocacy
related work. Since 2010
he has been working
with PELUM Uganda
as Program Officer for
Policy and Advocacy.
28
29
30
THE ROLE OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR IN DEVELOPMENTBy Paul Busharizi
�
�
Paul Busharizi
is currently the
contributing editor –
Business & Politics
at the Vision Group.
Prior to his current
appointment he was the
Business Editor at the
New Vision for seven
years. Previously he was
a Reuters Correspondent
for Uganda, a stint which
took him to various parts
of the country and to
the DR Congo. He is a
graduate of psychology at
Makerere University.
31
��
� �
32
THE WAR WITHINBy Angelo Izama
Angelo Izama is an
investigative reporter
and blogger at Monitor
Publications. He is an
Open Society Fellow.
He was a 2011 Knight
Fellow at Stanford
University working on
journalist security.
He previously held a
NED Reagan-Fascell
Democracy fellowship
and has founded a
human security think
tank in Kampala. He was
a special projects writer
at Monitor Publications
and obtained a law
degree from Makerere
University in Kampala.
�
33
34
�
�
35
UGANDA’S ECONOMIC CHALLENGES – A YOUTH PERSPECTIVEBy Bernard Mukhone
Bernard Mukhone is
the Coordinator of
the „Young Leaders
Think Tank for Policy
Alternatives“, an
initiative supported by
the Konrad-Adenauer-
Stiftung. He is an
entrepreneur and the
CEO of Elegant Group
of Companies and also
works as a freelance
consultant specialised in
project implementation
and events coordination
and management.
Currently he is pursuing
a master degree in
„Local Governance
and Human Rights“
at Uganda Martyrs
University.
�
36
�
�
37
38
39
W. R
öpke A. R
üstow
A. M
üller-A
rmack
L. E
rhard
F. B
öhm
W. E
ucken
W. R
öpke A. R
üstow
A. M
üller-A
rmack
L. E
rhard
F. B
öhm
W. E
ucken
We
striv
e fo
r the
gre
ates
t pos
sibl
e fr
eedo
m in
fore
ign
trad
e in
ord
er to
em
phas
ise
the
prin
cipl
e of
the
inte
rnat
iona
l div
isio
n of
labo
ur a
nd it
s be
nefit
fo
r all
peop
les.
(L
udw
ig E
rhar
d)
…so
lid p
ublic
fina
nces
. …
open
mar
kets
in a
glo
balis
ed w
orld
not
re
gula
ted
by ta
riffs
and
trad
e re
stric
tions
.A
ny e
xper
imen
t in
the
char
acte
r of s
uppo
sed
wel
fare
of
char
itabl
e at
titud
e to
spe
nd m
ore
mon
ey th
an th
e Tr
easu
ry’s
reve
nues
, bre
ache
s go
od a
nd p
rove
d pr
inci
ples
. (L
udw
ig E
rhar
d)
��
��
…a
com
mitm
ent t
o so
cial
par
tner
ship
an
d co
llect
ive
barg
aini
ng. E
mpl
oyee
s an
d em
ploy
ers
can
orga
nise
thei
r lab
our
rela
tions
bet
ter t
han
the
stat
e.Ev
eryt
hing
mus
t be
done
to re
loca
te th
e fo
cal p
oint
of l
ife’s
resp
onsi
bilit
y fr
om th
e go
vern
men
tal c
entr
e to
the
posi
tion,
whi
ch re
ason
able
thin
king
and
his
toric
al
expe
rienc
e na
tura
lly d
eman
d, […
] to
the
dece
ntra
lised
no
n-go
vern
men
tal o
rgan
isat
ions
.
(Wilh
elm
Röp
ke)
��
…an
inde
pend
ent
mon
etar
y po
licy
focu
ssin
g on
mai
ntai
ning
pric
e st
abili
ty.
All
effor
ts to
ach
ieve
a c
ompe
titiv
e sy
stem
are
in v
ain
unle
ss a
cer
tain
m
onet
ary
stab
ility
is a
ssur
ed. T
hus,
ther
e is
a p
rimac
y of
mon
etar
y po
licy
in a
com
petit
ion
orde
r.(W
alte
r Euc
ken)
�
�…
a fu
nctio
ning
com
petit
ion
betw
een
com
pani
es p
refe
rabl
y w
ithou
t dis
tort
ive
subs
idie
s. Co
mpe
titio
n is
a g
uara
ntor
for
inno
vatio
n.If
ther
e is
no
or in
suffi
cien
t com
petit
ion,
ther
e w
ill b
e an
in
terf
eren
ce o
n th
e co
nstit
utio
nally
des
ired
driv
ing
forc
es
of m
arke
t pric
es. T
he p
rodu
ctio
n of
goo
ds a
nd th
e di
strib
utio
n w
ill b
e st
eere
d in
an
unde
sire
d di
rect
ion.
Th
is m
isdi
rect
ed e
cono
mic
coo
pera
tion,
how
ever
, is
not
even
the
cruc
ial p
oint
. Mor
e im
port
antly
, the
sub
stan
ce o
f so
cial
just
ice
in th
e fr
ee m
arke
t sys
tem
is d
isru
pted
.
(Fra
nz B
öhm
)
�
�A
str
ong
stat
e is
not
one
inte
r-fe
ring
in a
nd a
ttra
ctin
g ev
eryt
hing
. O
n th
e co
ntra
ry, t
he tr
uly
stro
ng
stat
e is
not
cha
ract
eris
ed b
y th
e co
mpl
exity
but
by
the
inde
pen-
denc
y of
inte
rest
gro
ups
and
it is
iden
tified
by
the
rigid
en
forc
emen
t of i
ts a
utho
rity
and
its d
igni
ty a
s re
pres
enta
tive
of th
e pu
blic
.
(W
ilhel
m R
öpke
)
…a
‘stro
ng’ s
tate
pr
ovid
ing
guid
elin
es
with
out i
nter
veni
ng
in a
ll ar
eas
of li
fe.
�
�...
equ
al p
artic
ipat
ion
in a
mer
itocr
acy.
Th
is c
once
rns
the
oppo
rtun
ities
on
the
labo
ur m
arke
t, th
e po
ssib
ility
for e
cono
mic
m
obili
ty b
y ed
ucat
ion
and
soci
al in
te-
grat
ion
assi
stan
ce fo
r im
mig
rant
s.It
is a
n es
sent
ial p
art o
f a p
ositi
ve fa
mily
pol
icy
to o
ffer
equa
l liv
ing
cond
ition
s an
d op
port
uniti
es fo
r adv
ance
-m
ent b
y pr
ovid
ing
equa
l edu
catio
nal o
ppor
tuni
ties
on th
e va
rious
leve
ls a
ccor
ding
to a
ffini
ty a
nd a
ptitu
de o
f our
yo
uth
rega
rdle
ss th
e in
com
e an
d th
e as
sets
of t
heir
pare
nts.
(Lud
wig
Erh
ard)
�
�
…th
e so
lidar
y as
sura
nce
of li
fe ri
sks
whi
lst e
nsur
ing
the
prin
cipl
e of
sub
sidi
arity
.Ec
onom
ic fr
eedo
m a
nd s
ocia
l com
puls
ory
insu
ranc
e ar
e in
com
patib
le. T
hus,
it is
nec
essa
ry
to re
cogn
ise
the
prin
cipl
e of
sub
sidi
arity
as
one
of th
e m
ost c
ruci
al o
rgan
isin
g pr
inci
ples
for t
he
soci
al a
ssur
ance
and
to g
ive
prio
rity
to s
elf-
help
an
d in
divi
dual
resp
onsi
bilit
y. A
ccor
ding
ly, t
he
gove
rnm
ent s
hall
halt
prot
ectio
n w
here
ver t
he
indi
vidu
al a
nd h
is fa
mily
are
stil
l abl
e to
mak
e in
depe
nden
t and
resp
onsi
ble
prep
arat
ions
.
(Lud
wig
Erh
ard)
�
�…
the
appr
ecia
tion
of fa
mily
an
d ci
vic
enga
gem
ent.
We
firm
ly b
elie
ve th
at th
ere
is a
n in
finite
num
ber o
f th
ings
mor
e im
port
ant t
han
the
econ
omy:
fam
ily,
com
mun
ity, t
he s
tate
, all
form
s of
soc
ial i
nteg
ratio
n in
ge
nera
l […
].
(A
lexa
nder
Rüs
tow
)
��
…th
e pr
otec
tion
of li
velih
oods
and
sus
tain
able
, re
sour
ce-e
ffici
ent e
cono
mic
act
ivity
.Th
e pr
otec
tion
of th
e pe
ople
aga
inst
dam
ages
ca
used
to th
e en
viro
nmen
t req
uire
s th
e ec
onom
y to
reco
gnis
e an
d re
alis
e its
soc
ial r
espo
nsib
ility
in
taki
ng a
dequ
ate
mea
sure
s in
the
deve
lopm
ent o
f te
chno
logy
pre
vent
ing
dam
age
to h
uman
ity.
(Lud
wig
Erh
ard)
…co
nfide
nce
in p
eopl
e’s
tale
nts
and
skill
s, i.e
. the
ir ta
lent
for f
reed
om.
It re
lies
on th
e pr
inci
ples
of p
erso
nal
resp
onsi
bilit
y, th
e pr
otec
tion
of p
rope
rty,
fr
eedo
m o
f con
trac
t and
dec
entr
alis
ed
deci
sion
-mak
ing.
Civi
c fr
eedo
m is
an
illus
ion
as lo
ng a
s it
is n
ot b
ased
on
the
fund
amen
tal e
cono
mic
libe
rtie
s of
the
free
mov
emen
t of
capi
tal a
nd la
bour
, the
righ
t to
priv
ate
prop
erty
and
the
abili
ty to
sec
ure
an h
ones
t pro
fit.
(Alfr
ed M
ülle
r-A
rmac
k)
…
a st
rong
ent
repr
eneu
rshi
p an
d th
e co
mm
itmen
t to
smal
l and
m
ediu
m-s
ized
bus
ines
ses.
Acc
eptin
g re
spon
sibi
lity
and
risk-
taki
ng a
re
impo
rtan
t pill
ars
of s
ocia
l pro
gres
s.Th
e tr
ansf
er o
f res
pons
ibili
ties
[…] i
mpl
y a
syst
em in
w
hich
the
entr
epre
neur
fulfi
lls a
n ec
onom
ic ro
le in
ad
ditio
n to
sec
urin
g hi
s ow
n ec
onom
ic e
xist
ence
, ev
en th
ough
this
is n
ot a
lway
s ap
pare
nt a
nd e
vide
nt
to th
e in
divi
dual
. He
may
not
be
awar
e of
his
ec
onom
ic ta
sk; n
ever
thel
ess,
he p
erfo
rms
this
role
if in
th
is s
yste
m o
f a m
arke
t eco
nom
y th
e fr
ee fo
rmat
ion
of
pric
es a
nd th
e en
gine
of t
he c
ompe
titio
n re
mai
n pr
otec
ted
and
vivi
d.
(Lud
wig
Erh
ard)
…a
fair
syst
em o
f tax
atio
n re
quiri
ng th
e in
divi
dual
to
cont
ribut
e to
the
com
mun
ity
acco
rdin
g to
his
abi
lity.
Fo
r ins
tanc
e, it
is e
xtre
mel
y co
ntra
dict
ory
if th
e ci
tizen
com
plai
ns
abou
t the
unb
eara
ble
tax
burd
en a
nd, a
t the
sam
e tim
e, e
xpec
ts
stat
e ai
d, w
hich
, in
turn
, giv
e th
e go
vern
men
t the
mor
al
right
to le
vy e
ven
high
er ta
xes.
(Lud
wig
Erh
ard)
The
mar
ket e
cono
my
is th
e m
ost d
ocile
, dig
estiv
e an
d vi
tal
econ
omic
ord
er, w
hich
can
be
imag
ined
. As
long
as
only
a
min
imum
of c
ore
cond
ition
s ar
e m
et, i
t is
rem
arka
ble
how
lo
ng it
can
dea
l with
poi
sons
, con
tam
inan
ts a
nd h
eavy
bu
rden
s –
perf
ect a
nd u
prig
ht. [
…] A
nd I
here
by a
dd: e
ven
this
dig
estiv
e po
wer
of t
his
[…] s
yste
m is
not
infin
ite. T
he
long
er th
e ex
posu
re, t
he m
ore
visi
ble
the
dam
ages
, the
m
ore
criti
cal t
he te
st o
f end
uran
ce, w
hich
als
o th
is s
yste
m
coul
d ev
entu
ally
not
with
stan
d.
(Wilh
elm
Röp
ke)
... th
e ac
cept
ance
of d
iffer
ence
s in
inco
me,
as
long
as
the
gap
betw
een
poor
and
rich
is n
ot
too
wid
e. P
reci
sely
her
e, g
over
nmen
t pol
icy
of d
istr
ibut
ion
step
s in
.It
was
dem
onst
rate
d th
at th
e di
strib
utio
n of
the
natio
nal
prod
uct b
y th
e pr
ice
mec
hani
sm […
] is
bett
er th
an th
e di
strib
utio
n ba
sed
on a
rbitr
ary
deci
sion
s by
priv
ate
or p
ublic
co
rpor
atio
ns. [
…] A
lso
with
this
dis
trib
utio
n m
echa
nism
, ho
wev
er, q
uest
ions
rem
ain
unan
swer
ed a
nd it
requ
ires
adju
stm
ent.
[…] T
he in
com
e in
equa
lity
lead
s to
a s
ituat
ion
whe
re th
e pr
oduc
tion
of lu
xury
goo
ds a
lread
y ta
kes
plac
e al
thou
gh th
e ur
gent
nee
ds o
f low
-inco
me
hous
ehol
ds re
mai
n un
met
. Thu
s, th
is is
, whe
re th
e di
strib
utio
n in
a c
ompe
titiv
e or
der r
equi
res
adju
stm
ent.
(W
alte
r Euc
ken)
Self-
disc
iplin
e, a
sen
se o
f jus
tice,
hon
esty
, fai
rnes
s, ch
ival
ry, m
oder
atio
n, p
ublic
spi
rit, r
espe
ct fo
r hum
an
dign
ity o
f oth
ers,
firm
mor
al s
tand
ards
– a
ll th
ese
thin
gs
peop
le m
ust i
nter
nalis
e w
hen
ente
ring
the
mar
ket a
nd
com
petin
g w
ith e
ach
othe
r. (W
ilhel
m R
öpke
)
…an
eth
ical
foun
datio
n fo
r the
ec
onom
ic a
nd s
ocia
l ord
er.
The
Soci
al M
arke
t Eco
nom
y as
a re
gula
tive
polic
y ai
ms
to c
ombi
ne, o
n th
e ba
sis
of a
co
mpe
titiv
e ec
onom
y, fr
ee in
itiat
ive
and
soci
al p
rogr
ess.
(Alfr
ed M
ülle
r-A
rmac
k)
…co
re re
gula
tory
bel
iefs
, w
hich
sho
uld
be e
nfor
ced
on E
urop
ean
and
inte
rnat
iona
l le
vel i
n th
e in
tere
st o
f ec
onom
ic s
tabi
lity.
… fl
exib
le th
inki
ng
not i
nter
pret
ing
free
dom
an
d so
cial
bal
ance
as
oppo
nent
s.
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40
African Centre for Trade and Development3rd floor, Pension House, Plot 474 Gaba Road P.O.Box 16452, Kampala Uganda Tel:+256-414-664616 Fax: +256-414-343456Email: [email protected]: www.actade.org
