ASSALAMUALAIKUM

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Parkinson’s Disease

By:Nurul Miza Shasheiha Binti

Abdul Mutalib

What is Parkinson’s Disease?• Also known as

i. Parkinson's, ii. Idiopathic parkinsonism, iii. Primary parkinsonism, iv. PD, v. Paralysis agitans

• a group of conditions called motor system disorders, which results from the death of dopamine-containing cells in the substantia nigra, a region of the midbrain.

• It can be passed down from generation to generation

What is Parkinson’s Disease?

• In today’s times, 1 out of 100 people that are over 60 years of age have Parkinson’s Disease.

• Additionally, there are about 1.5 million people in the United States who currently have this life-controlling disease

• Fifty eight percent of these 1.5 million people that have Parkinson’s Disease are men

• In Malaysia, based on year 2009,statistic has shown that 26,786 people has been recorded to have Parkinson in interval of 5 years.

HISTOR

Y Medical scientists have been treating Parkinson's for thousands of years At the ancient time,Parkinson's disease are discussed in Ayurveda since as early as 5000 BC- Kampavata A condition like Parkinson's disease also was mentioned in Nei ChingIn Western medical literature it was described by Galen as "shaking palsy“In modern times, Parkinson's disease was first formally recognized by James Parkinson's -"An Essay on the Shaking Palsy"

SYMPTOMS OF PDTREMOR STIFF MUSCLES

Weakness of face and throat muscles

SLOW AND LIMITED

MOVEMENT

Speech becomes softer and

monotonous - "Parkinson's mask“

Difficulty with walking (gait

disturbance) and balance (postural

instability)

CAUSES OF PD Parkinson's disease is an ideophatic syndrome (having

no known cause/factors) But the main causes is Parkinsonism can be caused by

any damage that is done to the substantia nigra. Scientists have found that there is a gene called alpha

synuclein -inherited It also can be caused by drugs or certain chemicals -

Manganese, Carbon Monoxide, Cyanide and Carbon Disulfide

Hypothyroidism

DIAGNOSE AND TESTS

neurological exams

a person’s medical history

• blood tests -abnormal thyroid hormone levels or

liver damag• CT scan or an MRI -check

for signs of a stroke or brain tumor.

TREATMENTHOME TREATMENT: • modifying your activities and your home -

simplifying your daily activities and changing the location of furniture

• to take a healthy foods -fruits, vegetables, grains, cereals, legumes, poultry, fish, lean meats, and low-fat dairy products

• Exercising and doing physical therapy –move the body part

MEDICAL TREATMENT• No cure for PD• Patients are given Levodopa combined with

Carbidopa levodopa: to make dopamine and replenish the brain's dwindling supply carbidopa: delays the conversion of levodopa into dopamine until it reaches the brain• In some cases, a surgery may be appropriate –if it did

not responds to the drug

THANK YOU……