MDG INDONESIA:STATUS AND THE WAY

FORWARD

Endah Murniningtyas-National Development Planning AgencyWidyono – University of Indonesia

Presented at the UN-DESA UN-ESCAP MDG WorkshopBangkok, 20-22 August 2008

OUTLINE

I. MDG AND THE NATIONAL POLICY

II. THE STATUSIII. THE WAY FORWARD

I. MDG AND THE NATIONAL POLICY• MDGs are not new to Indonesia. Since the development

program existed, program towards “MDGs” target had been implemented.

• Example: food, family planning and health, education and other basic needs programs packaged in the Five-Year Development Programs (REPELITA).

• Intensive efforts to balance between economic and social program started in the 5th and 6th Five-Year Development Plan (Repelita), in 1990.

• Significant progress are achieved, but the financial crisis in the late 90s was a downturn in the economic and social status

• In the early 2000, the government started to take shape on various basic policy in the national development progress is experienced, with different external and internal challenge

globalisation, democratization and decentralization.

Poverty Situation

5

MAINSTREAMING MDG INTO THE NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN

RPJP2005-2025

MDG & other International conventions

ProgramImplementations

RPJMN(5Y)

Strategic Plan

Sectoral Program

3 Development Agenda 2004-2009

1. Peace

2. Justice and democracy

3. People Welfare:a.Reducing poverty and unemployment b.Improving quality of HR c. Improving Quality of Environment and

natural resource managementd.Infrastructure Improvement

Regional Program

National Budget

Local Gov Budget

Annual Development Plan (RKP)

PRSP

MDG GOAL AND THE PROGRAMNo. MDG GOALS THE PROGRAM

1 Poverty Poverty reduction programs

Hunger Food Security Program

2 Basic Education 9Y compulsory education

3 Gender and Women Empowerment

Mainstreaming of gender issue into all dev. Program

4 Child Mortality Health program: infant, early childhood, nutrition etc

5 Maternal Health Program for Pregnant woman

6 HIV Aid, Malaria & others HIV Aid and communicable deseases

7 Environment Water and sanitation program, climate change (mitigation-adaptation, alt energy), clean environment, REDD, CDM.

8 Global Partnership In various sectors.

7

II. STATUS

III. THE WAY FORWARD

1. BETTER REACHING 2. IMPROVE COVERAGE3. IMPROVE QUALITY OF

IMPLEMENTATION.

Better reaching

1. Poor HH Data - 20052. Use the same data for program targetted

to poor HH/individu:a. Rice subsidyb. Health insurancec. Scholarship – 9y education, etc3. Data imporvement and updating4. Local implementations

POOR HH DATA

1. 14 CHARACTERISTICS2. DRAWN FROM ANNUAL HH SURVEY

(SUSENAS)3. USE AS BASIC INFORMATION FOR

POVERTY PROGRAM

3 CLUSTERS OF INTEGRATED POVERTY REDUCTIONS

POVERTY REDUCTION

SOCIAL WELFARE ANDPROTECTION

PROGRAM

COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT

PROGRAM

MICRO AND SMALLENTERPRISE

DEVELOPMENT

MINIMUM BASIC NEEDS: TARGETTED

FOR POOR HOUSEHOLDS

COMMUNITY CAPACITY, ABILITY

TO ENGAGE TO REDUCE POVERTY

CAPACTY OF MICRO, SMALL ENTERPRISE

AND ENABLING ENVIRONMENT

11

12

BETTER IMPLEMENTATIONS

COORDINATING TEAM FOR POVERTY REDUCTION (TKPK)

TASK FORCE ON SOCIAL WELFARE

& PROTECTION PROGRAM

TASK FORCE ON NAT.

COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT

PROGRAM

TASK FORCE ON MICRO AND SME

PROGRAM

13

UNDERSTANDING POVERTY:•SITUATION•CAUSES•INDICATORS AND MAP AS: DETECTIONS, TARGETTING PROGRAM , MONITOR OUPUT AND IMPACT

PRO-POOR PLANNING

AND BUDGET FORMULATIO

N

MENURUNNYA KEMISKINAN

DAN MENINGKATNY

A KESEJAHTERA

AN MASYARAKAT

POOR PEOPLE AND STAKEHOLDERS’ PARTISIPATION

PRO-POOR PLANNING AND BUDGETING

Expectation from this workshop1. Methodology to measure micro status at the

HH and/or individual level assess and identify causes, sources

2. Methodology to measure “significance and/or quantify impact of programs to the poor people/HH progress, weaknesses and “room for improvement” and new ways for a more effective program

3. MACRO-MICRO policy connections.THOSE ALL WILL BE USEFUL FOR “MDG

ROADMAP” FORMULATION.

TERIMA KASIHTHANK YOU

APPENDICES

Goal 1: Eradicating Extreme Poverty and Hunger

Target 1: Halve, between 1990-2015, the proportion whose income is less than $1 per day

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status1 Poverty (US$ 1per day) 20,6% 7.5% 10.0% Standard too

lowachieved

1a Poverty (National) 15.1% 16.6% 7.5% High but declining

Need to work hard

Target 2: Halve, between 1990-2015, the proportion who suffer from hunger

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status2 Poor Nutrition 6.3% 8.8% 3.3% Slowly

increasingNeed to work hard

Goal 2: Achieving Universal Basic Education

Target 3: Ensure that by 2015 children everywhere boys and girls alike will be able to completebasic education

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status3 Basic Education

Participation88,7% 94.7% 100% Steadily

increasingas targeted

3a Secondary Education Participation

41.9% 66.5% 100% Slowly increasing

as targeted

3b Proportion of Student who Completed Basic Educ.

62.0% 74.7% 100% Slowly increasing

as targeted

3c Illiteracy for people age 15-24

96.6% 99.4% 100% Steadily increasing

as targeted

Goal 3: Promoting Gender Equality and EmpoweringWomen

Target 4: Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education preferably by 2005and in all level of education no later than 2015

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status4a Ratio of girl enrolled in

Basic Education100.6% 100% 100% Much

improvementachieved

4b Ratio of girl enrolled in Secondary Education

101.3% 99.4% 100% Much improvement

as targeted

4c Ratio of girl enrolled in Tertiary Education

98.0% 100% 100% Much improvement

achieved

4d Ratio of girl enrolled in Higher Education

85.1% 102.5% 100% Much improvement

achieved

4e Ratio of Illiteracy Women aged 15-24

97.9% 99.9% 100% Much improvement

as targeted

4f Contribution of women in wage occupation

29.2% 33.0% 50% Relatively Stagnant

Need to work hard

Goal 4: Reducing Child Mortality

Target 5: Reduce by two thirds, between 1990-2015, the under-five mortality rate

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status5a Under-five mortality rate

per 1,00081 40 32 Much

improvementas targeted

5b Infant mortality rate per 1,000

57 32 19 Much improvement

as targeted

Goal 5: Improving Maternal Health

Target 6: Reduce by three-quarters, between 1990-2015, the maternal mortality ratio

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status6a Maternal mortality rate per

100,000390 307 110 New data not

availableNeed to work hard

6b Birth helped by trained nurse

40.7% 72.4% (indicator) Much improvement

6c Married women aged 15-49 using contraception

50.5% 57.9% (indicator) Relatively stagnant –new data not available

Goal 6: Combating HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and other Diseases

Target 7: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reserve the spread of HIV/AIDS

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status7 HIV and AIDS prevalence 0.1% Combating

the spreadIncreasing Need to

work hard

Target 8: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reserve the incidence of malaria and other majordiseases

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status

8a Case of Malaria per 1,000 8,5 (indicator) Slowly declining

8b Tuberculosis prevalence per 100,000

786 262 (indicator) declining Need to work hard

Goal 7: Ensuring Environmental Sustainability

Target 9: Integrate the principle of sustainable development into national policies and programmes and to reserve the loss of environmental resources

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status9a Forested coverage area 60.0% 49.9% Protected Chronic

deforestation Need to work hard

9b Protected land area 26.4% 29.5% Protected Steadily increasing

9c Ratio Energy Consumption to GDP

1,5 95.3 kg oil eq/$1,000

(indicator) Steadily increasing

9d CO2 Emission 2,536 kg/cap

1,34 metric

ton/cap

Lessen Increasing-New data not available

9e CFC Consumption 7,815 2,763 Lessen Slowly declining

9d Biomass usage 70.2% 47.5% (indicator) Slowly declining

Goal 7: Ensuring Environmental Sustainability (Cont.)

Target 10: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status10a Proportion of population

having access to clean water

38.2% 52.1% 67.0% Steadily increasing

As targeted

10b Proportion of poplation having good sanitation

30.9% 68.0% 65.5% Achieved

Target 11: By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the life of slum dwellers

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status11 Proportion of certain land

right87.7% 84.0% (indicator) Slowly

decliningAs targeted

Goal 8: Establishing Global Partnership for Development

Target 12: Develop monetary and trading systems that are open, based on rules, predictable and non-discriminative

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status12a Ratio of Export-Import to

GDP44.4% (indicator)

12b Ratio of Bank’s Credit and Saving

61.6% (indicator)

Target 15: Handle Developing Countries’ Debts thru national and international effort to managesustainable debt in the long run

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status13a Ratio of foreign debt to

GDP44.9% (indicator) Steadily

declining

13b Ratio of debt to state budget

26.0% (indicator) Steadily declining

Goal 8: Establishing Global Partnership for Development

Target 16: Cooperate with other countries to develop and implement strategies to create a goodand productive employment for young aged people

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status16 Unemployment aged 15-

2425.4% (indicator) Steadily

increasing

Target 18: Cooperate with private sector in using new technology, particularly ICT

No Indicator 1990 2007 Target Note Status18a Household having

telephone11.2% (indicator) Steadily

increasing

18b Household having mobile phone

24.6% (indicator) Steadily declining

18c Household having computer

4.4% (indicator) Steadily declining

18d Household having access to the internet

4.2% (indicator) Steadily declining