TRANSPARENT ULAANBAATAR ANTI-CORRUPTION FORUM

OCTOBER 6-7, 2014

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CONTENTS

Agenda 4Introduction to Ulaanbaatar City 8

Welcome Letter: Mr Bat-Uul Erdene, Capital City Governor and Mayor of Ulaanbaatar 9

Introduction to the International Republican Institute 10Welcome Letter: Mr Mark Green, President of the International Republican Institute 11

Welcome Letter from Key Note Speaker, Dr. Larry Diamond 12

Ulaanbaatar Declaration Against Corruption 15

IRI Anti-Corruption Assessment Brief 17

Introduction to Working Group Sessions 18

Session 1: Government and Civil Society engagement 18Session 2: Land allocationand property registry 19Session 3: Procurement procedures 19Session 4: Permits 21

Forum Biographies 23

Forum Venue Map 45

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AGENDATRANSPARENT ULAANBAATAR

ANTI-CORRUPTION FORUMOCTOBER 6-7, 2014

The Transparent Ulaanbaatar 2014 forum brings together government, civil society, business community and academics to participate in a two-day practicum to help combat corruption in Ulaanbaatar. The first day focuses on a series of sessions that showcase topical lessons learned, share experience and outline current progress on anti-corruption initiatives in Mongolia and the region along with exploring innovative solutions to address corruption. The second day will continue to share experiences as well as apply shared information and principles by convening international, regional and Mongolian stakeholders to collaboratively interact and contribute to an anti-corruption action plan.

Monday, October 6, 2014

Time Program Venue

8:00 am Registration/Entrance

Diamond hall third floor Blue Sky Hotel and Tower

8:45 am Welcoming Remarks Hon. Bat-Uul Erdene, Capital City Governor and Mayor of Ulaanbaatar

8:55 am Remarks on Corruption and Governance in MongoliaHon. Elbegdorj Tsahia President of Mongolia

Ganbold Navaansuren General Commissioner and Director, Independent Authority Against Corruption (IAAC)

Thomas E Garrett Vice President of Programs, International Republican Institute (IRI)

Moderator: Ts. Enkhtsengel Deputy Governor in charge of Social Development issues of Ulaanbaatar City

9:30 am Keynote Speech: Controlling Corruption - Institutional Reforms and Civil Society Mobilization by Larry Diamond, Senior Fellow Director at the Hoover Institute, Director of the Center on Democracy and the Rule of Law, and Senior Fellow, Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies at Stanford University

Followed by Questions-and-Answers Session moderated by D. Jargalsaikhan DeFacto, Economist, Columnist, TV Host

10:30 am Group photo and refreshment break

11:00 am Main activities implemented by the Ulaanbaatar Capital City Governor’s office to decrease corruption by Yo. Gerelchuluun, Chief of Staff, Governor’s Office of the Capital City Ulaanbaatar

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11:15 am Panel discussion 1: Expanding the Glass Frontier: Perspectives from government and private sector This panel discussion will consider roles, responsibilities and processes that government and private sector can play in dealing with and addressing corruption. Corruption is a significant obstacle to securing citizens’ trust and confidence in public institutions, damaging democratic processes while also jeopardizing local economic development. Understanding the perspectives of both government and business is an important step to establishing the pathways to addressing corruption.

Panelists:L. Nyamsambuu President of Mongolian Employers FederationKh. Oyuntsetseg Director, Monitoring Department of the Cabinet Secretariat

of the Government of MongoliaD. Tserendorj President, Mongolian Management Association Amb. Anna Biolik Vice Chair, North American Mongolian Business Council John Callebaut Asia Regional Director, Center for International Private

Enterprise Thida Khus Project Manager, Silaka, CambodiaDiscussant:D. Jargalsaikhan DeFacto

Diamond hall 3rd floor Blue Sky Hotel and Tower

12:45 pm Lunch First floor, Blue Sky Hotel and Tower

2:15 pm Panel discussion 2: Building Openness Together: How civil society and public institutions can reduce corruptionThis panel will discuss the roles and methods that public institutions and civil society can address corruption, initiatives that focus on improving and increasing the transparency of government institutions, and processes that can raise awareness and oversight among political actors and ordinary citizens. The panel will focus on existing Mongolian partnerships and efforts on fighting corruption through greater municipal transparency and open budgeting.

Panelists:MP R. Burmaa Head, Mongolian Parliamentarians Against Corruption B. Bat-Otgon Commissioner in Charge, Head of Prevention and Public

Awareness Department at IAACG. Undral Director, Democracy Education Center, Coordinator of

Partnership for Transparency InitiativesTimothy Ryan Asia Regional Director, Solidarity CenterCynthia Gabriel Director, Centre to Combat Corruption and Cronyism

Discussant:Larry Diamond

Diamond hall 3rd floor Blue Sky Hotel and Tower

3:45 pm Refreshment Break

4:15 pm Panel discussion 3: Success Stories: Examples of reforms and case studies of experiences This panel will discuss institutional mechanisms that enable municipal government to reduce and prevent corruption through innovative and principled initiatives, such as ‘Smart Ulaanbaatar’ and ‘Cities of Integrity.’ The panel will focus on lessons learned and best practices that can be implemented in other municipal government environments.

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Panelists: D. Togtokhsuren Governor, Uvurkhangai Province

Dr. Thomas Peng Associate Research Fellow, Institute of European and American Studies at the Academia Sinica

Dr. Ernie Ko Vice Executive Director, Transparency International Taiwan

G. Zorig Advisor to the SMART Ulaanbaatar Project, Governor’s Office

Dr. Geo-Sung Kim Board Member of Transparency International Korea

Go Takahashi Program Manager, Transparency International Japan

Discussant:L. Tur-Od Co-Founder and Managing Director, Transparency

International Mongolia; Chairman, Public Oversight Council, IAAC

Diamond hall 3rd floor Blue Sky Hotel and Tower

5:45 pm Closing RemarksDrawing upon the panel discussions, the day will be concluded with analysis of and reflections from the day’s presentations. Speakers: Thomas E. Garrett and D. Jargalsaikhan DeFacto

6:00 pm Reception hosted by N. Ganbold, General Commissioner and Director of Independent Authority Against Corruption

Bayangol Hotel

Tuesday, October 7, 2014Time Program Venue

8:30 am Registration/Entrance

9:00 am Panel discussion 4: Transparent Ulaanbaatar: Localized solutions and initiativesThis panel will discuss progress on anti-corruption initiatives in Ulaanbaatar that are currently being implemented by the local government and civil society. With approximately 50 percent of Mongolia’s population residing in the capital, Ulaanbaatar offers a prospect for the implementation of anti-corruption initiatives that will serve as an example to other local governments on best ways and practices to address this critical challenge to democratic institutions.

Panelists: Ashleigh Whelan Deputy Director, Democratic Governance Division,

IRICourtenay Engelke Principal Investment and Risk Manager, Millennium

Challenge Corporation U. Ganbold Head of the Public Administration Department,

Governor’s Office of the Capital cityDiscussant:Lynn Lee Senior Program Officer, Asia and Global Programs,

National Endowment for Democracy

Diamond hall third floor Blue Sky Hotel and Tower

10:30 am Introduction to Working Group Sessions Ts. Enkhtsengel

10:40 am Refreshment Break

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11:10 am Working Group Sessions: Plan design for the Transparent Ulaanbaatar Anti-Corruption Strategic PlanThese breakout sessions will inform the development of an Ulaanbaatar action plan to address corruption at the municipal level. Each breakout session focuses on a specific area within the municipal government. The sessions will offer an opportunity to share insights and feedback to leverage existing experience and develop innovative solutions to combat corruption.

Session 1: Government and civil society engagementFacilitators: Yo. Gerelchuluun

Thomas E. Garrett

Session 2: Land allocation and property registryFacilitators:Sh. Tumurbaatar Head of the Property Relations Agency of the Capital CityAshleigh Whelan

Session 3: Procurement proceduresFacilitators:Y. Idertsogt Head of the Procurement Agency of

the Capital City Dr. Paikiasothy Saravanamuttu Executive Director, Center for Policy

Alternatives

Session 4: Permits Facilitators:B. Badral General Manager of Ulaanbaatar City

Tirza Theunissen Deputy Country Representative, Asia Foundation

1:00 pm Lunch First floor, Blue Sky Hotel and Tower

3:00 pm Facilitators’ Reports on Results of Breakout Sessions (15 minutes each)

Moderator: Gretchen Kunze, Director of Asia Division, IRI

4:00 pm Response Bat-Uul Erdene

4:20 pm Refreshment Break

4:50 pm The Ulaanbaatar Declaration: Introduction and Signing CeremonyBat-Uul Erdene

5:10 pm Closing AddressLarry Diamond

6:00 pm Reception hosted by Bat-Uul Erdene, Capital City Governor and Mayor of Ulaanbaatar

Grand Hall, Ulaanbaatar Hotel

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ULAANBAATAR CITY

Ulaanbaatar today is a vibrant city of more than one million residents. The city reflects a close and sometimes amusing juxtaposition of nomadic traditions and modern society, per haps best summarized by its skyline dotted with both gers (felt tents) and towering skyscrapers. The city’s contrast can also be found among those who call it home, from tradition al-clad herders, to Armani-suited business men and women, to a growing number of ex-patriots hailing from nearly every corner of the globe. In short, there is something for everyone, and always a sight to behold in Ulaanbaatar.

Like nearly a half of the Mongolian population, the capital city of Ulaan baatar itself is nomadic. The city has changed its locations about 20 times over the past 375 years before taking root in its current location in sweep ing valley bounded by four sacred mountains including Mt.Bogdkhan, the first national park in the world.

Ulaanbaatar city is situated on the bank of Tuul, Uliastai, Selbe rivers, and it’s surrounded by beautiful Foothills of the Bogd, Songino, Chingeltei, Bayanzurkh mountains, and stands 1350 meters above sea level.

Ulaanbaatar is the economic, political and industrial centre of Mongolia and is a central hub for destinations to enjoy throughout the country. The capital city today produces 40 percent of the Gross Domestic Product, which can be broken down as 53.4 percent of industrial production, 87.1 percent of construction, 56.3 percent of trade, 80 percent of energy and 98 percent of transport and communication.

Ulaanbaatar conducts an open-door policy in its international relations. The Ulaanbaatar City Government sees expanding its foreign ties as one of the main focuses in further developing the city. Since 1990 the Capital City Mayor’s office has implemented new policies to foster greater international outreach and ties.

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Welcome message:BAT-UUL ERDENE, CAPITAL CITY GOVERNOR AND MAYOR OF ULAANBAATAR

October 6, 2014

Dear Distinguished Guests and Participants of Transparent Ulaanbaatar 2014 Forum, I would like to warmly greet you all on behalf of Ulaanbaatar citizens and myself.

As I have initiated organizing the anti- corruption forum Transparent Ulaanbaatar 2014, I welcome you all to Ulaanbaatar city.

The main objectives of this forum are to create a more transparent Ulaanbaatar, intensify public transparency, develop anti-corruption strategies and plans at the city and local administrative level, and take the first steps necessary to make Ulaanbaatar a positive example for combating corruption.

Thus, it is an honor for us to bring together and learn from a diverse group of international and national experts, researchers and specialists.

The Ulaanbaatar Capital City Governor’s Office, and the International Republican Institute are the main organizing bodies of the forum and are thankful for the help and support of eight other international and national organizations including the Independent Authority Against Corruption, Asia Democracy Network, Taiwan Foundation for Democracy, Solidarity Center, Transparency International, World Movement for Democracy, National Endowment for Democracy and Centrer for International Private Enterprise.

During the forum, we plan to facilitate a series of plenary panel discussions and working group sessions to showcase best practices and lessons learned against corruption and identify solutions and initiatives as well as highlight examples of government and civil society partnership.

The working group sessions will offer an important, productive and effective way to identify solutions to address corruption. Therefore, I am pleased to note that your valuable ideas, recommendations and participation will serve as priceless contributions to continue combating corruption in Ulaanbaatar.

I am pleased to have the strong support of the International Republican Institute in helping to organize this forum.

Again, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all of you for your participation.

Bat-Uul ErdeneCapital City Governor and Mayor of Ulaanbaatar

Governor’s Office of the Capital City, Ulaanbaatar, MongoliaGreat Chinggis Khaan’s square-7, Chingeltei district,Tel: 976-11-324331

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INTERNATIONAL REPUBLICAN INSTITUTE

IRI was founded in 1983 as a nonprofit organization dedicated to advancing democracy, freedom, self-government and the rule of law worldwide. IRI programs are nonpartisan and adhere to the principles of individual freedom, equal opportunity and the entrepreneurial spirit that fosters economic development. IRI has conducted programs in more than 100 countries, and along with the Women’s Democracy Network, is currently active in more than 80 countries. IRI receives its funding through grants from the National Endowment for Democracy, USAID and donors around the globe.

IRI began working in Mongolia in 1992, providing parliamentary development assistance by working closely with the State Great Hural and members of parliament; political party development by working with all major parties; and electoral capacity improvement by working with the General Election Commission. Since 1994, IRI has conducted democratic governance programs as an integral part of its mission to strengthen democratic institutions and instill greater faith in democratic systems of government. These programs are designed to enhance the capacity of elected officials to govern more effectively, transparently and inclusively and equip civil society, think tanks and the media to demand more accountable and responsive leadership and a role in decision-making processes.

The Institute is currently implementing a NED-funded program in partnership with the Ulaanbaatar mayor’s office, Facilitating Anti-Corruption Initiatives in Mongolia (FACTIM). FACTIM’s overarching objectives are to reduce opportunities for corruption at the municipal level as well as improve the relationship between the municipal government and civil society in order to reduce corruption. FACTIM seeks to achieve these objectives by working in partnership with the Ulaanbaatar government and civil society to develop, plan, and implement successful anti-corruption strategies and initiatives.

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Welcome Message: MARK GREEN, PRESIDENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL REPUBLICAN INSTITUTE

Welcome! October 6, 2014

Through your participation and attendance in the Transparent Ulaanbaatar 2014 forum, you are making a valuable contribution to the Mayor of Ulaanbaatar and the International Republican Institute’s (IRI) anti-corruption efforts in Mongolia. At this critical period in Mongolia’s political development, this forum will help to consolidate considerable gains in addressing the deleterious impact of corruption and strengthening Ulaanbaatar’s and the country’s democratic processes.

Corruption remains one of the most potentially injurious challenges to democratic principles and institutions in Mongolia and throughout the world. IRI is delighted to be invited by the Governor of the capital city and Mayor of Ulaanbaatar, Bat Uul Erdene, to contribute to his wider initiative to combat corruption and build a better, more transparent society for all of the citizens of Ulaanbaatar. During his tenure, Mayor Bat Uul Erdene has worked hard to raise awareness of and find solutions to corruption. In the past year, IRI has provided technical assistance to the mayor’s office and recently completed an international assessment in April to inform development of an anti-corruption action plan. The Transparent Ulaanbaatar 2014 forum represents a further opportunity for Mongolians to inform this plan and learn and share from the experiences of fellow citizens and international participants. Importantly, the forum represents one further step toward the goal of ending corruption in Ulaanbaatar.

Since 1992, IRI has supported the development of democratic practices and governance in Mongolia. IRI’s work has continued to adapt in an effort to meet the goals of Mongolians and address the most salient challenges that face Mongolian democratic institutions. For more than twenty years, IRI has been ready to work with all political parties and civil society organizations, both in Ulaanbaatar and in provinces across the entire country.

We look forward to our continued partnership to support Ulaanbaatar’s government and civil society in reducing corruption and reinforcing democratic principles, and I offer my sincere best wishes for a productive and engaging forum.

Sincerely,

Mark Green, President International Republican InstituteAmbassador and Congressman (Ret.)

International Republican Institute1225 Eye St. NW, Suite 700Washington, DC 20005(202) 408-9450(202) 408-9462 faxwww.iri.org | @IRIGlobal

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Welcome Message: FROM KEY NOTE SPEAKER, DR. LARRY DIAMOND

Dear Participants, October 6, 2014

Few problems undermine the quality and stability of democracy more destructively than corruption. Corruption erodes public trust and confidence in democratic institutions, impedes economic growth and intensifies social inequality. While Mongolia now serves as an example to the region of a successfully democratized country, it still struggles to address this key issue. Mongolia, like many emerging democracies, confronts widespread citizen disaffection. As the 2013 Transparency International Global Corruption Barometer indicates, ordinary Mongolians still consider corruption to be a key issue; 86 percent of Mongolians believe that public sector corruption is a “serious problem” and 77 percent believe that public officials and civil servants are corrupt or extremely corrupt.

Yet, over the past decade, a revolution has been gathering force in politics, development, and international affairs, and this trend is increasingly evident in Mongolia. At every level of public life, people and organizations dedicated to the advancement of democracy, social justice, poverty alleviation, conflict prevention, and international cooperation are rebelling against political and bureaucratic corruption. Responding to these concerns, Mongolia has made recent progress, such as the 2006 Anti-Corruption Law and the establishment of the Independent Authority against Corruption in 2007. The Government of Mongolia and Mayor Bat-Uul are to be commended for their focus on this issue. But there remains much work to be done. If corruption is to be effectively contained, it must be addressed comprehensively, in every sector and at every level of public life, from the national to the local level. The local level potentially offers rich avenues for civil society, ordinary citizens and government to operate transparently, hold each other accountable, and cooperate to improve the quality of governance.

The overriding lesson of the past few decades is that truly sustainable and broad-based development requires good governance. That requires every type of accountability—horizontal, vertical, and external—working to constrain those in positions of public power to govern for the public good. It is a formidable challenge. Your participation and attendance in Transparent Ulaanbaatar 2014 marks an important step on that journey. I hope this forum will provide the impetus to energize government, civil society and business to engage on how to tackle corruption in Ulaanbaatar and beyond.

Thank you for joining us and welcome,

Larry DiamondSenior Fellow Director, Hoover Institution Director, Center on Democracy, Development & the Rule of Law, Stanford University Senior Fellow, Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, Stanford University

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DRAFT

ULAANBAATAR DECLARATION AGAINST CORRUPTION

Ulaanbaatar October 7, 2014

As a result of the democratic transition of Mongolia in 1990, the people of Mongolia gained important freedoms and rights to peacefully select their leaders and determine their destiny. Due to the successful peaceful transition and consolidation of democracy in Mongolia, the country is now seen as a role model for the region and beyond.

Corruption, however, has a deleterious impact on Mongolia’s social and economic stability and as a result, it can lead to adverse consequences on the country’s democratic system, citizen’s ethical values, offend principles of justice, and damage the stable development of Mongolia and the supremacy of the rule of law.

WHEREAS we have international treaties, U.N. Convention Against Corruption, Open Government Partnership, Constitution of Mongolia, Anti-Corruption Law, Law on Information Transparency and Right to Access, Law on Regulating Public and Personal Interests in Public Service and Preventing Conflict of Interest and other applicable legislations;

WHERAS, corruption in municipal government decision-making process can fundamentally distort local government action and override the public.

WHERAS, in Mongolia, international treaties and legislations are not implemented equally; there is lack of cooperation, collaboration, and initiatives at the state and municipal levels, and law inconsistency and omissions causing significant impediments to eliminate the corruption. Now is the time to put our endeavors to establish government that is transparent, just, corruption-free, ethical, close to its citizens, and offers qualified services in Mongolia.

WHERAS, developing innovative and sustainable anti-corruption initiatives and solutions, and sharing the lessons learned and best practices decrease corruption and are in the interests of public across the world.

Within the framework of Transparent Ulaanbaatar 2014 Forum, the Capital City Governor’s Office hereby declares to take the following systematic solutions and initiatives to combat corruption with the participation of other governmental and non-governmental organizations;

1. it shall affirm the purposes of U.N. Convention Against Corruption and Universal Declaration of Human Rights;

2. it shall affirm that Ulaanbaatar leads in anti-corruption activities within the region, and to develop an anti-corruption strategic plan by the methods consistent with world standards with the participation of international consultants;

3. it shall open and operate an office focusing on corruption trainings and research in Ulaanbaatar.

4. it shall implement Ulaanbaatar ordinance in order to ensure the regulations with respect to various issues of city life including land use, urban planning, construction, health and safety, environmental protection, waste, procurement and construction are clear and easy-to-understand for citizens;

5. it shall affirm the establishment of smart government that is transparent, just, corruption-free, ethical, close to its citizens and provides qualified services, and ensures the participation of citizens in decision making;

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6. it shall include citizens, governmental and non-governmental organizations in initiatives for decreasing corruption and support and implement ideas and initiatives proposed by them;

7. it shall focus on reducing the burden of government and enhance the quality and sufficiency of public goods and services, and collaborate with private sector entities, professional unions, or non-governmental organizations where deemed necessary;

8. it shall take systematic measures to decrease the possibility of a conflict of interest in the position of the officials, and ensure the implementation of legislation preventing conflicts of interest, and take latest organizational measures;

9. it shall take measures to cease political appointments in state administrative organizations of the Capital City and decrease political influence, and ensure legal guarantee of professional public servants;

10. it shall make budgeting by state organizations and officials transparent, open to public and controlled by the public.

We hereby express our appreciation to all organizations and participants who have successfully attended and organized Transparent Ulaanbaatar anti-corruption international forum for taking initiatives to reduce corruption.

GOVERNOR OF THE CAPITAL CITY AND MAYOR OF ULAANBAATAR CITY E. BAT-UUL

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INTERNATIONAL REPUBLICAN INSTITUTE ANTI-CORRUPTION ASSESSMENT BRIEF

The International Republican Institute (IRI) is currently implementing a NED-funded program in partnership with the Ulaanbaatar mayor’s office, Facilitating Anti-Corruption Initiatives in Mongolia (FACTIM). With approximately one-half of Mongolia's total population of roughly 2.83 million residing in the capital city, Ulaanbaatar, poses a potential example to Mongolia and the region of how to address corruption. The mayor of Ulaanbaatar has prioritized anti-corruption efforts for his administration, with plans to form a taskforce dedicated to tackling corruption. The mayor has expressed his clear intent and motivation to develop practical solutions to combat corruption locally. The Institute is working with the local government of Ulaanbaatar to provide technical assistance to develop, and implement anti-corruption strategies and initiatives.

The Institute’s program began with an assessment of the existing anti-corruption efforts currently underway in Ulaanbaatar, along with identification of systematic and procedural vulnerabilities to corruption that may exist within the city government. The main objectives of the assessment were to directly inform Mayor E. Bat-Uul’s strategy to combat corruption in Ulaanbaatar and to inform IRI’s broader program to support this effort. This assessment represented the results of a one-week site visit to Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia in June 2014 by a four-member team comprised of professionals from Canada, Slovakia and the United States with expertise in assessing and combating corruption. In order to gain a comprehensive perspective on the corruption challenges and anti-corruption efforts in Ulaanbaatar, as well as opportunities for future interventions, the team used an interview-based methodology for assessing vulnerabilities to corruption. The assessment comprised of 22 focus group-style semi-structured interviews with representatives of Ulaanbaatar-based civil society organizations, international non-governmental organizations, the business community, as well as with Ulaanbaatar civil servants at all three levels of administration khoroo (sub district), district, and municipality whose positions ranged from executive leadership to entry-level bureaucrats.

The team identified seven strengths: political will, high priority placed on anti-corruption efforts, desire to strengthen civil society engagement, advantageous legal framework, civil servant hiring process, efforts to increase transparency and efforts to increase efficiency and impartiality. The team likewise identified seven vulnerabilities: retaliation against complainants and whistleblowers, city-owned enterprises, land allocation and use, decision making, property registry, permits, and procurement. The Transparent Ulaanbaatar 2014 forum will solicit further input, feedback and insights on best practices and lessons learned to inform an anti-corruption plan for the city. IRI will continue to provide technical assistance to assist the Ulaanbaatar administration to develop and then implement an anti-corruption plan along with related initiatives.

IRI will release its full assessment report following the forum.

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INTRODUCTION TO WORKING GROUP SESSIONS

These breakout sessions will help inform the development of an Ulaanbaatar action plan to address corruption at the municipal level by allowing for Mongolian participants to discuss and produce insights for inclusion in the action plan. Each breakout session focuses on a specific area within the municipal government. The sessions will offer an opportunity to share insights and feedback to leverage existing experience and develop innovative solutions to combat corruption.

The breakout sessions will be facilitated by two facilitators: one Mongolian and one international participant. The Mongolian facilitator will take the lead in moderating the discussions. The international facilitator will provide supplementary guidance and expertise where useful.

The breakout sessions are one hour and a half. The Mongolian facilitator will introduce the topic briefly for approximately 5-10 minutes drawing on their own experience within government. The remainder of the session will be a facilitated discussion with participants.

Following the breakout sessions, each breakout group will have the facilitators offer feedback to the rest of the forum on the topics discussed, challenges and solutions identified and any recommendations they have to inform the anti-corruption action plan.

Session 1: Government and Civil Society engagementThis breakout session will address how government and civil society can cooperatively and collaboratively work on initiatives to reduce corruption. There is a clear role that ordinary citizens and independent CSOs can and should play in strengthening anti-corruption efforts, as well as in providing oversight and monitoring of local government anti-corruption efforts, delivery of public services, and general functioning. Decision-making and policy formation that includes civil society can improve transparency in decisions in which some individuals gain and some individuals lose, and reduces the opportunity for corruption and improves trust in city institutions. Civil society can play a role in improving transparency in how decisions are informed and made by local government. To facilitate this involvement, improved local government communication mechanisms can be used. For example, explaining the basis for its decisions to the public, as might be informed by improved levels of public consultation around specific issues, policy analysis, and the incorporation of monitoring and evaluation mechanisms (for the identification of failed policy). It should be noted that improving transparency and thus, trust and confidence in decision-makers does not always entail achieving the specific result of a group of citizens or civil society group. Improving the capacity of domestic civil society can be critical to ensuring they have the tools and resources to effectively monitor local government. This can include designing organizational strategic plans and comprehensive human resources plans to ensure sustainability.

In Mongolia, there have been a number of initiatives that have attempted at improving government and civil society engagement. In 2009, the President’s Office established the “Citizens’ Hall,” a public hearing forum designated to encourage civic participation in the planning and decision making process of the legislature. Furthermore, Mongolia amended its Public Procurement Law in 2011 to capture the unique way in which government and civil society are collaborating to establish effective institutions and policies – and in particular to make procurement more transparent and accountable. This new law includes a formal role for civil society in evaluating bids for, and monitoring implementation of, public contracts, placing Mongolia at the forefront of disclosure and participation in public procurement. In addition, in 2013, the Partnership in Transparency Initiative was formed; a network of 18 civil society organizations working together to spread the word about new legislation on conflict of interested and freedom of information. The Public Participation Committee is a committee of people who represent citizen voices and implement activities to help and support the IAAC reflect citizen input. It is made up of numerous CSO representatives.

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Session 2: Land allocation and property registry

This breakout session will examine how local government can address issues of corruption in the area of land allocation and local property registry. Land allocation and the property register involve the allocation process, recording systems and processes along with permitting, registration and valuation of land and property within their jurisdiction.

The Parliament of Mongolia adopted the Land Law on June 4, 2002 that outlines rules regarding land possession and the use of land auction and tender selection. The total area of the capital city is 470,444 hectares, out of which the villages and other settled areas sit on 61,479.1 hectares, representing 13 percent of the total territory. Since the re-statement of the Land Law in 2003, 76,098 citizens and business entities possess and use 49,578.5 hectares within the territory of the capital city. Land allocation and use in Ulaanbaatar, including permitting, registration and valuation of land, is a sector that is commonly perceived as corrupt and rife with vulnerabilities to corruption.

While efforts to improve transparency in the land permitting and registration process have been made at the micro level, there remain areas that are in need of improvement. For example, there can be vulnerabilities to corruption related to land valuation. In Mongolia, the law entitles citizens of Mongolia to a 0.07-hectare plot of land. However, it is unclear whether the value of the land, for instance plots of land deemed more desirable for their location, ecological attributes and the like are valued as equal to plots of land in undesirable areas that may be polluted, lack infrastructure, or be in underserved areas. There remain opportunities for corruption by those with control over allocating land to the citizenry who may be influenced by corrupt payments (bribes of money or other types of personal gain) or nepotistic tendencies (toward family members and others close to them in personal or professional relations) to ensure that certain individuals receive more desirable, and potentially more valuable, plots of land.

In accordance with Mongolian law, citizens are granted a land area up to 700m2, free of charge for the purposes of housing within the territory of Ulaanbaatar. Lotteries are often used to distribute tranches of land plots to Mongolian citizens. There have been 31 land auctions held since 2003, and 697 business entities and citizens have participated in the process with 68 plots of land out of 197 locations sold through these land auctions. Often a lack of clear rules and guidelines governing these processes and who are the responsible government entities be involved in its execution and monitoring can create opportunities for corruption.

A 2013 piece of legislation in Ulaanbaatar that aimed at the rapid implementation of land ownership law introduced an electronic lottery process; a pilot project was started in Bayanzurkh, Khan-Uul, Songinokhairkhan, Nalaikh, Baganuur and Bagakhangai districts in August 2014. During this process, 281,440 citizens registered for land polots totaling 1,524 hectares, out of which 14,954 citizens were selected by the system automatically with the list of selected citizens made public. This makes the land lottery process transparent by both uploading a list of all available plots of land which will be subject to the lottery on the website www.umch.ub.gov.mn and by providing citizens the ability to choose from these plots online.

Session 3: Procurement procedures

This breakout session will examine how local government can address issues of corruption within the procurement procedures. Procurement procedures involve the acquisition and selection of goods and services by the local government in the conduct of their activities. In 2014, Ulaanbaatar plans on procurement for the implementation of 640 projects costing 383 billion Mongoian Tugriks (MNT)for the Ulaanbaatar city budget and local development fund, 77 projects costing MNT 48.5 billion using the state budget fund, 1012 projects costing MNT 90 billion using district budget and local

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development funds and 1729 investment projects costing MNT 521.5 billion.

There are three main areas of potential vulnerability to corruption in procurement. The first area is in the development of the terms of reference or technical requirements for a procurement action, usually prepared by the implementing agency. Over- or under-specification creates opportunities for corruption. In Ulaanbaatar, in an attempt to decrease this vulnerability, the Procurement Agency has provided training to both contracting agencies and potential bidders in the process and on items such as writing terms of reference and specifications. Second is the need for competency in the evaluation process, or ensuring that panel members have the necessary skills to affect a clean process, including identifying the presence of possible conflict, collusion, or fraud therein. Incorporation of quality measures in the tender and evaluation processes, while important for the assessment of value for money, can also introduce complexity and vulnerabilities into the process if not otherwise controlled. Mongolian Procurement Law requires award for lowest price and because limitations on asset size have been lifted for bidders to encourage competition, there is a need to incorporate quality into the selection process and evaluation criteria. Lastly, contract management is usually a function performed by the implementing agency and includes actions such as ensuring compliance with contract terms, filing, contract amendments, and approval of invoices. Corruption may also invade this process through for example, modifications in contracted scope, rates, quantities, and key staff.

The Ulaanbaatar City Procurement Agency (CPA) was established in January 2013 with the mission to manage Ulaanbaatar City's procurement process, including the organization and regulation of tenders. This year, the agency will assist with 273 procurement projects costing MNT 236.3 billion representing approximately 90 percent of all procurements conducted. Its efforts to improve transparency in the procurement process have included the establishment of tender evaluation committees that include members of Ulaanbaatar’s civil society, the Ulaanbaatar City Administration, and the relevant Ulaanbaatar City entity responsible for creating and implementing the tender. The Agency leadership reported that the evaluation committee discussions are posted on-line, recorded digitally, and archived. Additionally, efforts have been made to improve transparency in the bidding process. The CPA reported that it publishes notification and information about upcoming tenders in newspapers and magazines, and on three websites, and publishes the results of the tenders, reportedly including bid information of all participants in each tender. The CPA has also established a five-member Public Participation Committee to provide oversight over the evaluation committees, and reportedly provides training for potential bidders on the process. These meetings are held in rooms equipped with specialized video and audio recording devices to ensure openness of their deliberations. In order to ensure best value for citizens and improve the procurement process, Ulaanbaatar procurement criteria have begun to introduce, where applicable, insurance in the criteria for tender selection. There have also been attempts at streamlining the process by reducing the amount of information needed to be submitted, for example, tenders do not require applicants to bring references from tax and social insurance authorities. Lastly, in addition, an electronic office system has been introduced collaborating with seven portal websites, four daily newspapers in addition to government websites such as the Ministry of Finance, Ulaanbaatar city website and a specific procurement website for Ulaanbaatar. During the past year, 62,551 guests accessed the Ulaanbaatar procurement website for information regarding tenders.

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Session 4: Permits

This breakout session will examine how local government can address issues of corruption relevant to the number, range and processes and systems related to the development and implementation of permits within their jurisdiction.

Permit issuance is an area that remains vulnerable to corruption in Ulaanbaatar. Corruption can manifest itself in the form of bribery for special treatment, such as receiving permits to establish businesses in a particular location or to expedite the permit-receipt process. An example of this is in the city health agency, where historically some permits have been awarded in violation of the law which requires certain location restrictions on permitting for pharmacies. Since some locations are more profitable for private pharmacies than others, there is a vulnerability to bribery for receiving a permit in a particular location, leaving other locations underserved. Second, when a large number of permits or licenses are required, opportunities for corruption increase.

In Ulaanbaatar, the government issues permits for a range of different areas including construction, alcohol, health and education. Construction permits are approved at meetings of the Land and Construction Council that are held every two weeks. If a new construction occurs in a residential or ger district, the opinions of residents, land possessors and owners in that particular area are considered and a permit is only granted with the approval of 80 percent of the relevant residents. Licenses for the selling and serving of alcoholic beverages are issued by the order of the General Manager of the city and Head of Mayor’s Office. Currently, Ulaanbaatar has 136 family health centers, five village health centers, four central hospitals, eight district health centers, 16 specialized professional hospitals, three maternity hospitals, 986 private health organizations and 630 pharmacies that are licensed by the capital city commission who are in charge of issuing licenses for health related activities. Lastly, Ulaanbaatar licenses educational institutions due to the high demand that has led to growth private sector provision of schooling and kindergartens. Since 2005, the Capital City Education Office has granted licenses to 83 secondary education schools and 337 kindergartens in the city.

Reducing the number of permits and licenses required for a particular action can reduce the number of opportunities for corruption. The Mongolia National Chamber of Commerce has developed a proposal to remove 700 out of 1000 required permits and licenses for business which it views as potentially redundant or unnecessary. The Ulaanbaatar government has streamlined permitting to help reduce opportunities for corruption by creating a website that posts requirements and processes for certain city services such as construction permits. In addition, the city government has sponsored one-stop shops which offers approximately 30 services, including construction permits.

 

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PARTICIPANTBIOGRAPHIES

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HON. ELBEGDORJ TSAHIA, PRESIDENT OF MONGOLIA

President Ts. Elbegdorj was elected President of Mongolia on May 25, 2009 and sworn into office on June 18, 2009. He had previously served two terms as Prime Minister and held the positions of Deputy Speaker and Majority Leader in Parliament. President Elbegdorj led the peaceful democratic revolution in 1990 that ended 70 years of communist rule in Mongolia. Since then, he has initiated and led the country's major social and economic reforms, which include fighting corruption, liberalizing economic policies, privatizing livestock, deploying housing policies, reducing taxes, and eliminating bureaucracy and red tape.

His priorities – promoting the rule of law, fostering social justice, fighting poverty, combating corruption and supporting direct participatory democracy – have won him widespread praise and acclaim, most recently from U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, during her visit to Ulaanbaatar on July 9, 2012. As the chair of the Community of Democracies, President Elbegdorj has launched a number of initiatives which are vital to both mature and emerging democracies around the world.

These include Zero Tolerance for Corruption and Education for Democracy, which he declared during the 66th General Assembly of the United Nations. Elbegdorj holds a Master’s of Public Administration from Harvard University’s John F. Kennedy School of Government (2002) and a Bachelor’s Degree in Journalism from Land Forces Military Academy, Lviv, former U.S.S.R. (1988). President Elbegdorj served in the Mongolian army.

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HON. BAT-UUL ERDENE, GOVERNOR OF THE CAPITAL CITY AND MAYOR OF ULAANBAATAR

E. Bat-Uul is the Mayor and Governor of Ulaanbaatar. Bat-Uul graduated from the physics department of the National University of Mongolia in 1981. He began his career in the educational sector in 1981 to 1985 as a teacher and afterwards worked at the Astronomic Laboratory of Mongolian Academy of Science in Ulaanbaatar until 1989.

He is one of the founder and establisher of Democracy of Mongolia in 1990. Bat-Uul was elected as a first Chairman of Democratic Party of Mongolia. Since 1992-1996 he worked as a Director, General Secretary, Vice Chairman of the Political study Institute of Democratic Party of Mongolia.

He was elected as a Member of Parliament of Mongolia in 1996, 2004 and 2008. Since August 2012, he has been elected as a Member of the City Council and appointed as a Mayor and Governor of Ulaanbaatar, Capital city of Mongolia. His current tenure term is until 2016. He was awarded with the title of “Hero of Mongolia” for his role in the 1990 democratic revolution in Mongolia.

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N. GANBOLD, GENERAL COMMISSIONER, HEAD OF INDEPENDENT AUTHORITY AGAINST CORRUPTION OF MONGOLIA

N. Ganbold has served as the Head of the Independent Authority Against Corruption since his appointment in 2011. He began his career in the railroad industry before transitioning to a life of public service. In 1989, Mr. Ganbold became the Deputy Head of the Railway Branch of General Intelligence of Mongolia, and then later the Head of Police from 1990 to 2006, before becoming the Head of the General Intelligence Agency and Advisor to the Embassy and Consular Head of the Mongolian Embassy in Russia during 2008-2011. Following 2011, he was appointed as the Head of the Independent Authority Against Corruption through Parliament Resolution No. 52. Mr. Ganbold graduated from railway technical school in 1975. He received his Bachelor’s in Law which focused on the rule of law in 1988 from the School of Ministry of Home Affairs and a Master’s degree in Law in 2001 from the School of Ministry of Home Affairs in Russia.

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THOMAS E. GARRET, VICE PRESIDENT FOR PROGRAMS, INTERNATIONAL REPUBLICAN INSTITUTE

Thomas E. Garrett joined IRI in November 1994. He currently serves as Vice President for Programs. Prior to being named Vice President, Garrett served as IRI’s Regional Director for the Middle East and North Africa. Garrett first served as IRI’s Resident Program Director for Ukraine; he later oversaw programs in Belarus and Moldova as well as in Ukraine. While in Ukraine, his focus was on political party building, local government training and women and youth in politics. Garrett also directed a training program for staff and members of the Verkhovna Rada, Ukraine’s parliament. He left the Ukraine program in January 2000, to serve as IRI’s Resident Advisor to the Ikh Hural, Mongolia’s parliament, based in Ulaanbaatar. While there, Garrett trained the three parliamentary parties in campaign techniques for the July 2000 elections. Following the elections, he assisted the new members of parliament on the responsibilities of the legislature. In addition to his Mongolia assignments, Garrett conducted training for IRI programs in Cambodia.

In October 2000, Garrett moved to Jakarta as IRI’s Resident Program Director. There, he oversaw a program of political party building, public opinion research and support to local government. Garrett served in this position through the Indonesian elections of 2004. While posted to Indonesia, he conducted program assessment missions for IRI in Fiji, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, and provided training on campaign finance reform in Timor-Leste. Over the past 15 years, Garrett has worked on election observation missions in Afghanistan, Albania, Azerbaijan, Egypt, Mongolia, Pakistan, Russia, the Solomon Islands, Tunisia and Ukraine.

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TS. ENKHTSENGEL, DEPUTY GOVERNOR IN CHARGE OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ISSUES OF ULAANBAATAR CITY

Ts. Enkhtsengel is Deputy Governor in Charge of Social Development issues of Ulaanbaatar City. He graduated from the National Defense University in 1999, National University of Mongolia in 2000, University of Exceter, UK, in 2003, the Legal Practitioner Center at the University of Exceter in 2006, BPP Law School of UK in 2007, and England Welch Bar Association in 2007. He holds both a Master’s and Barrister’s in Law.

He worked as a legal analyst for the Mongolian Government’s legal division from 1999-2001; Director of the legal department of the Mongol Post Bank in 2005; Director of Chinsan Zargach Ltd since 2007. In addition, Enkhtsengel has served as the Deputy Head of the Democratic Party of Ulaanbaatar since 2012 and is a member of the Citizen’s Representative’s Hural. He was awarded Best Solicitor from the Mongolian Solicitors Association; the 20th Anniversary medal of the Mongolian Democratic revolution and the Altan Gadas medal.

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LARRY DIAMOND, SENIOR FELLOW DIRECTOR, HOOVER INSTITUTE, DIRECTOR, CENTER ON DEMOCRACY AND THE RULE OF LAW AND SENIOR FELLOW AT THE FREEMAN SPOGLI INSTITUTE FOR INTERNATIONAL STUDIES AT STANFORD UNIVERSITY.

Larry Diamond is a senior fellow at the Hoover Institution and at the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies, where he also directs the Center for Democracy, Development, and the Rule of Law. He is the founding co-editor of the Journal of Democracy and also serves as Senior Consultant (and previously was co-director) at the International Forum for Democratic Studies of the National Endowment for Democracy. During 2002–2003, he served as a consultant to the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) and was a contributing author of its report Foreign Aid in the National Interest. He has also advised and lectured to the World Bank, the United Nations, the State Department, and other governmental and nongovernmental agencies dealing with governance and development. His latest book, ‘The Spirit of Democracy: The Struggle to Build Free Societies throughout the World (Times Books, 2008)’, explores the sources of global democratic progress and stress and the prospects for future democratic expansion.

At Stanford University, Diamond is also professor by courtesy of political science and sociology. He teaches courses on comparative democratic development and post-conflict democracy building, and advises many Stanford students. Diamond has edited or co-edited some 36 books on democracy, including the recent titles Will China Democratize? Democracy in East Asia, How East Asians View Democracy, Political Change in China: Comparisons with Taiwan, and Assessing the Quality of Democracy. Among his other published works are, Developing Democracy: Toward Consolidation (1999), Promoting Democracy in the 1990s (1995), and Class, Ethnicity, and Democracy in Nigeria (1989). He also edited the 1989-90 series Democracy in Developing Countries, with Juan Linz and Seymour Martin Lipset.

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D. JARGALSAIKHAN (JARGAL DEFACTO), ECONOMIST, COLUMNIST, TV HOST

Jargal DeFacto is an Economist, Columnist and TV and radio personality. He is a host of “Interview DeFacto” on NTV Mongolia and the “DeFacto” radio program. He writes weekly columns on current economic, political and social issues in Mongolian and English daily newspapers, including Unoodor and the UB Post since 2009. He contributes to public opinion formation in the country through wide range of formal and social media. DeFacto has worked as a Chief Executive in banking and financial institutions, public office (a head of FIFTA, board of foreign Investment of Mongolia) and tourism and petroleum sectors.

His public works include Mongolians for Fair Taxes and Wise Spending, Mongolian taxpayers’ association (President), MONPECC, the Mongolian National Committee for Pacific Economic Cooperation (General Secretary), President of MASA (Mongolian Association of State Alumni), President of Moscow State University Mongolian Alumni. President of the Economic Club of Ulaanbaatar. He holds a Bachelor’s Degree from Moscow State University (1984) and a Master’s of Business Administration from the University of Denver, USA (2002). He has published more than 300 articles and interviews on financial markets, foreign investment and good governance.

YO. GERELCHULUUN, CHIEF OF STAFF, GOVERNOR’S OFFICE OF THE CAPITAL CITY ULAANBAATAR

Yo. Gerelchuluun is an Economist and the Chief of Staff of the Capital City’s Governor’s Office. He received his Ph.D. degree in Economics in 1987 from the State University of National Economy of Moscow. He started his career as a civil servant in 1981, at the municipal, provincial and national levels. During Mongolia’s Democratic Revolution he worked as the Secretary of the Privatization of State Property Committee, and he played a critical role in ushering Mongolia’s economic reform. As a Member of the Parliament between 1996-2000, he passed many economic reforms and regulations, and also chaired a standing committee working group focused on economic reform. He was awarded the title of “Distinguished Economist” of Mongolia in recognition of his outstanding work.

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L. NYAMSAMBUU PRESIDENT OF THE MONGOLIANEMPLOYERS’ FEDERATION

L. Nyamsambuu is the President of the Mongolian Employers’ Federation. He was the president for the first Mongolian Private Industry Federation when it was established in October 1990.

Mr. Nyamsambuu has dedicated more than 20 years of his career in the construction development sector working as Division Head, Deputy Minister of the Ministry of Construction. As the President of the Mongolian Employers’ Federation, he fostered legislative frameworks to develop private enterprises in Mongolia by conducting meetings with the President of Mongolia, Speaker of the Parliament, Prime Minister and the Capital City Governor and Mayor of Ulaanbaatar.

Mr. Nyamsambuu is an engineering-economist and holds degrees in political studies from the National University of Mongolia and the Political Party University in Moscow.

KH. OYUNTSETSEG, HEAD OF THE SUPERVISION, MONITORING, EVALUATION AND INTERNAL AUDITING DEPARTMENT OF THE CABINET SECRETARIAT OF THE GOVERNMENT OF MONGOLIA

Dr. Kh. Oyuntsetseg is the Head of the Supervision, Monitoring, Evaluation and Internal Auditing Department of the Cabinet Secretariat of the Government of Mongolia. She has over 10 years of experience in the legislative sector where she was involved in drafting the Mongolian Law on Cooperatives, Law on Business Entities and the Labour Law. Oyuntsetseg has a Master’s in Law from Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich and Moscow State University, Russia.

Oyuntsetseg has worked at international organizations such as Asian Development Bank as a national coordinator and the Mongolian Millennium Challenge Corporation as a general counsel. She has spent many years of her career working as the Advisor to the Deputy Prime Minister of Mongolia and the Head of the Supervision, Monitoring, Evaluation and Internal Auditing Department of the Cabinet Secretariat of the Government of Mongolia.

Oyuntsetseg is the founder of one of the leading law firms in Mongolia, Mon Lex LLC.

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D. TSERENDORJ, PRESIDENT OF MONGOLIAN MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION

D. Tserendorj graduated from the National University of Mongolia in 1971 with a degree in auto-engineering and economy. He received his PhD in economics from Moscow Management Institute in 1978. He became docent in 1990, and professor of Management Academy in 2000. He studied post-doctoral course of development economy and public administration at Columbia University, New York, USA in 1992 – 1993. He has conducted over 30 years of research, training, scientific work in the areas of management, economy and governance. During this time, he published over 120 articles, books, study notes, scientific work for general public. He worked as a professor at the National University of Mongolia during 1971-1996, a specialist on the Science and technology committee of the state, Senior Fellow and Chair of the department of Political party Institute, Management Institute, Management Academy of Mongolia, and Cultural Deputy Minister. He also worked as Program Officer, Project Coordinator, and Advisor to the UNDP Mongolia office during 1998–2004. Since 2003, he was appointed as the Director of Management Department of Management Academy of the Mongolian Government and between 2000–2009, as Director of State administration. He served as the Head of the Research Policy Department since 2009, advising as a professor in the Management Academy. Since 1991, he has also served as the Head of Mongolian Management Association and as a leader in many Asian management organizations since 2005. The Mongolian State has awarded him the Best Labour medal and Altan Gadas medal.

AMB. ANNA BIOLIK, VICE CHAIR OF THE NORTH AMERICAN MONGOLIAN BUSINESS COUNCIL

Dr. Anna Biolik is one of North America’s experts on Central Asian business and diplomacy. She began her international relations career in the 1990s as a member of Canada’s Trade Commissioner Service. Her knowledge of the Russian language, led her to senior assignments in Russia, Central Asia and Mongolia. From 2006-2008, Biolik was Director of the Centre for Learning for International Affairs and Management of the Canadian Foreign Service Institute. From 2004 -2006, she served as Ambassador of Canada to the Republic of Kazakhstan, with concurrent accreditation to the Kyrgyz Republic and to the Republic of Tajikistan. Between 2001- 2004, she was Consul General of Canada in St. Petersburg, Russian Federation. Previously, she also served for five years as Senior Advisor for international relations and protocol to the Governor General of Canada and as European Marketing Manager for Canada Post and Senior Manager at Investment Partnerships Canada. Biolik has extensive expertise in international commerce. Over the years, working closely with Canadian companies in emerging markets in particular, Biolik has become a highly-regarded strategic business advisor in a broad range of areas such as: export and investment strategies in international markets, innovative networks increasing business effectiveness in a foreign political environment and consultations and negotiations with institutions and officials in foreign jurisdictions.

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JOHN CALLEBAUT, ASIA REGIONAL DIRECTOR, CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL PRIVATE ENTERPRISE

John J. Callebaut has more than 30 years of experience in promoting economic relations between the United States and Asia. A staff member since 1987 of the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, Callebaut joined the Chamber-affiliated Center for International Private Enterprise (CIPE) in 1994. CIPE is a private organization established in 1983 to strengthen democracy in developing countries by promoting private enterprise and economic reforms. As Regional Director for Asia, Callebaut manages CIPE’s portfolio of programs in East and Southeast Asia. Since 1987, Callebaut has served in a number of capacities managing Asia-related activities of the U.S. Chamber. He served as the Chamber's chief lobbyist on Asian business issues in the position of Director, Asia Trade Policy; and also served as Director, U.S.-Philippine Business Committee. Before joining the U.S. Chamber, Callebaut served for three years as a senior manager of the U.S.-China Business Council in the position of Director, Development & Government Relations. Callebaut received a Master’s Degree in International Affairs from Columbia University, and a Bachelor’s of Science degree (cum laude) from Georgetown University. He also holds a Certificate of East Asian Studies from Columbia University’s East Asian Institute.

THIDA KHUS, PROJECT MANAGER, SILAKA

Ms. Thida Khus is the Executive Director of SILAKA a local Cambodian organization specializing in social accountability and good governance, and women empowerment/promotion on women in decision making. Ms. Khus’ current project is set to establish a citizen mechanism to monitor the public procurement process in 6 communes and Sangkat, in Kampong Thom province, Cambodia. This project is under the technical support from CIPE, funded by the National Endowment for Democracy, United States. SILAKA is also a training partner with the Government of Cambodia’s Ministry of Interior in the learning component of social accountability, good governance, citizen engagement, partnership, gender and social accountability and decentralization. SILAKA has been implementing women leadership empowerment project for the past 8 years in 9 provinces in Cambodia, where Ms. Khus is coordinating 5 other organizations from the Committee to Promote Women in Politics network, implemented empowerment program of women leaders at the sub national level, from the provinces, district and commune/Sangkat level. SILAKA has also led the CPWP network to campaign for the increase of elected women in public office. She implemented these projects with the integration of Social Accountability concept and monitoring tools component in the projects.

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MP R. BURMAA, HEAD OF MONGOLIAN PARLIAMENTARIANS AGAINST CORRUPTION

R. Burmaa was elected to the Mongolian State Great Khural (National Parliament) in 2012. Since her election she has successfully sponsored three important pieces of legislation: the Law on Administrative and Territorial Units of Mongolia and significant revisions to the Laws on Local and Presidential Elections. Ms. Burmaa is the Chair of the Petitions Parliamentary Standing Committee. Qualified as an engineer, Ms. Burmaa worked as an active member of civil society for two decades prior to her election to public office. Between 1992 and 2012 she was Director of Women for Social Progress (WSP) and the Voter Education Centre (VEC), organizations she founded. Between 200 and 2006 Ms. Burmaa was also a member of Mongolia’s General Election Committee. She has been a member of the National Council, the National Public Radio and TV Council, the Council for Coordinating and Monitoring Implementation of the National Program for Combating Corruption, the Advisory Committee for Development of a National Program on Human Rights and the Local Governance Unit of the Standing Committee of Parliament. She has also been a Board Member of Transparency International Mongolia and Public Committee Member of the Anti-Corruption Agency of Mongolia.

B. BAT-OTGON, COMMISSIONER IN CHARGE, DIRECTOR OF PREVENTION AND PUBLIC AWARENESS DEPARTMENT, INDEPENDENT AUTHORITY AGAINST CORRUPTION (IAAC)

B. Bat-Otgon is the Director, Prevention and Public Awareness Department at the Independent Authority Against Corruption. As a Director, she formulates policies in anti-corruption prevention activities throughout the nation and identifies the most corruption prone issues as well as strengthening cooperation with international organizations. She previously worked for the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare; State Social Insurance General Office and for multiple projects on good governance and policy implementation. Bat-Otgon received her Bachelors in Foreign Relations from the Mongolian National University and Master in Public Administration from Georgetown University.

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G. UNDRAL, DIRECTOR OF DEMOCRACY EDUCATION CENTER, COORDINATOR OF PARTNERSHIP ON TRANSPARENCY INITIATIVE

G. Undral is the Director of the Democracy Education Center (DEMO) and the Coordinator for the Partnership on Transparency Initiative (PTI). Undral received a Master's degree in Economics from the Institute of Economics, Prague, Czech Republic. She is a certified trainer, facilitator, mentor, researcher, and author of numerous publications in the field of NGO management, democracy education and social accountability. In 2012, Undral initiated and launched the Check My Service program which aims to assess the transparency and accountability of public services through the community score card. To date, DEMO has implemented a series of initiatives including Check My School, Check My University, Check My Clinic and Check My Hospital projects. Check My Service received the 2013 Integrity Award of the Independent Authority Against Corruption of Mongolia in promoting transparency and good governance. Undral is also the Convener and Coordinator for the Partnership for Social Accountability (PfSA), Chair of the Network of Mongolian Volunteer Organizations (NMVO), and currently works on a task force charged with drafting the Non-profit Law in Mongolia.

TIMOTHY RYAN, ASIA REGIONAL DIRECTOR, SOLIDARITYCENTER

Timothy Ryan is the Asia Regional Program Director for The Solidarity Center, based in Washington since 2001. In this position he is responsible for overseeing all Solidarity Center programs for Asia, including offices in Thailand, Cambodia, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and regional programs in Burma, India, Nepal, the Maldives, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Vietnam. Ryan spent eight years in Asia as the Solidarity Center’s Field Representative for Sri Lanka (1993-97) and Indonesia (1997-2001). In his capacity as shop steward for Asia between 1998-2001, Ryan was a founding member of the Solidarity Center’s Field Staff Association, of the Newspaper Guild/Communications Workers of America Local 32035, AFL-CIO. He has testified before the Lantos Human Rights Commission on labor issues, and he currently is the North American Board Member for the world’s pre-eminent child labor organization, the Global March Against Child Labor, based in Delhi, India.

Holding a Master’s Degree in South Asian Studies from the Henry Jackson School of International Studies, University of Washington, Seattle, Ryan also has two Bachelor’s Degrees in Communications and English. His articles on labor and media issues have appeared in Harper’s Magazine, Foreign Policy, the Huffington Post, the Christian Science Monitor, the International Business Times, the Far Eastern Economic Review, the Seattle Times, Carnegie Human Rights Dialogue, the South Asia Bulletin, various Solidarity Center publications, and newspapers throughout Asia and Latin America. His novel, “The Sisters: A Fable of Globalization” is available on Amazon.com.

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CYNTHIA GABRIEL, DIRECTOR OF CENTRE TO COMBAT CORRUPTION AND CRONYISM

Cynthia Gabriel is the Director of the Centre to Combat Corruption and Cronyism (C4) and is an internationally recognized expert and activist for her contributions to elevating anti-corruption awareness since 2001. She served as a member of the Petaling Jaya City Council from 2008 to 2012 and was appointed as Vice President of the International Federation for Human Rights from 2004-2009. Prior to her time at the International Federation for Human Rights, Ms. Gabriel gained international acclaim for her role in exposing corruption in Malaysia during her time as the Executive Director of Suara Rakyat Malaysia (Suaram.), or Voice of the Malaysian People—a civil, political and human rights organization based out of Kuala Lumpur, with a branch in Penang.

L. TUR-OD, CO-FOUNDER AND MANAGING DIRECTOR OF TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL MONGOLIA; CHAIRMAN OF PUBLIC OVERSIGHT COUNCIL AT INDEPENDENT AUTHORITY AGAINST CORRUPTION

L. Tur-Od is the Chairman of the Public Council at the Independent Authority Against Corruption, Co-Founder & Managing Director of Transparency International – Mongolia National Chapter. He is the first Country Facilitator and Member of the Local Governance Initiative & Network for South and East Asia. Prior to his current position, Tur-Od was appointed with the Office of the President of Mongolia, as Special Adviser to the Minister of Justice and Legal Assistant to the incumbent President of Mongolia His Excellency Mr. Tsakhia Elbegdorj since 2012.

Tur-Od holds several civil society positions, including as a founding member and former Chair of National Chapter of the Transparency International-Mongolia, Vice President of the National AIDS Foundation Mongolia, as well as founding Board Director for Mongolian Corporate Governance Development Centre and for the Green Economic Growth - think tank.

Tur-Od has degrees from the Law School of the National University of Mongolia, the National Law School of India University, Master of Laws (LLM) in Law and Development degree from the University of London (SOAS).

Tur-Od was awarded with several national level distinctions, including bestowal of the State Medal of ‘Labor Honor’ by the President of Mongolia in July 2013. Prior to this, he was conferred with the Silver Medal on ‘Outstanding Service for Human Rights’ by the National Human Rights Commission in 2006, and the title of ‘Outstanding Officer of Legal Service’ by the Minister of Justice in 2005.

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D. TOGTOKHSUREN, GOVERNOR OF UVURKHANGAI PROVINCE, MONGOLIA

D. Togtokhsuren is a lawyer who holds a public administration master’s degree, and has been working in the state administration for 23 years and 14 of it, he has been working in the local administration. He was awarded as ‘Best Local Leader’ by the Mongolian Local Administration Union. Lately, he has been active in decentralization, local authority independence, finance, economic capacity building, decrease environmental degradation, and local citizens working comfortably in rural areas. He is a well-known leaders for making changes in developing Mongolian Government units, decentralization, local independence, and researching into their respective areas.

THOMAS CHING-PENG PENG, ASSOCIATE RESEARCH FELLOW, INSTITUTE OF EUROPEAN AND AMERICAN STUDIES AT THE ACADEMIA SINICA

Dr. Thomas Ching-peng Peng serves as an Associate Research Fellow at the Institute of European and American Studies at the Academia Sinica in Taiwan. He also serves as Associate Professor of Political Science at the National Taiwan University, Advisor to the Strait Exchange Foundation and a Member of the Central Integrity Commission, ROC. He has formerly served as the Director of the Taiwan Public Governance Research Center; Secretary General, Director, and Controller, Chinese Political Science Association (Taipei), National Assembly Deputy, Executive Editor, Political Science Review, Editor-in-Chief and Deputy Director, Theory and Policy (Quarterly). He holds a DPA from the University of Georgia, USA.

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ERNIE KO, VICE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL TAIWAN

Dr. Ernie Ko received his doctoral degree from Diplomacy Department of National Chengchi University in Taiwan. He teaches international relations at National Taiwan University of Arts and consistently leads international voluntary service teams to assist burn victims in rural China and underprivileged children in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. His recent advocacy fields are defense corruption and youth integrity. Ko is the country (Taiwan) coordinator for the Government Defense Anti-Corruption Index, which was initiated by TI-DSP in 2013 as a bi-annual corruption risks assessment of the world’s major arms trading countries. He founded Rui-Bin Art & Character Education Camp (Rui-Bin Camp) for underprivileged pupils in Rui-Bin Elementary School, New Taipei City, Taiwan in the winter of 2012.

G. ZORIG, ADVISOR OF “SMART ULAANBAATAR” PROJECT, ULAANBAATAR CAPITAL CITY GOVERNOR’S OFFICE

Dr. G. Zorig is Senior Advisor of Smart Ulaanbaatar Project, Professor of Mongolian University of Science and Technology, Doctor of Engineering. He received his bachelors and masters degrees in 1986, from Novosibirsk Technical University, Russia. He also got his master degree in computer science from Mongolian University of Science and Technology in 2001, and his Ph.D. degree in 2007 from Iwate University, Japan. He has over 25 years professional experience in the Mongolian IT industry and Japanese outsourcing projects. He has served as a project leader in many nationwide IT projects such as the National Civil Registration System (1992-1996), Mongolian Language Support system for Windows (1994-1998), Mongolian Stock Exchange System (1998-2000), Information System for Mongolian Customs (2002-2004), Information System for Mongolian Social Security (2004-2006), Cloud University Project (2012-2014), Smart Ulaanbaatar Program (2013-2014) etc.

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GEO-SUNG KIM, CONTROLLER, GYEONGGI PROVINCIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION, SOUTH KOREA

Dr. Geo-Sung Kim previously served as the chairperson of Transparency International-Korea. He was also twice elected as a board member of Transparency International in 2004 and 2007.

For his role in the democracy and human rights movements in Korea he was imprisoned twice in the 1970’s. Dr. Kim was a Commissioner of the Korea Independent Commission Against Corruption from 2005-2008, and was the Standing Executive Officer at the Council for the Korean Pact on Anti-Corruption and Transparency. He was awarded the Moran Medal of Civil Merit by the South Korean Government in 2006. He studied theology and sociology at Yonsei University and earned his Ph.D in theology

GO TAKAHASHI PROGRAM MANAGER, TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL JAPAN

Go Takahashi is the Founder and Co-President of the non-profit organization Little Bees International as well as the Program Manager of Transparency International Japan. Prior to these appointments he served as a government official within the Morioka City Government and held various positions at non-profit organizations, such as Oxfam and the Japan Platform Tokyo, Iwate & Miyagi.

Takahshi holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Literature and Linguistics from Waseda University in Tokyo as well as a Master in Public Administration from Syracuse University, Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs in New York.

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LYNN LEE, SENIOR PROGRAM OFFICER, ASIA AND GLOBAL PROGRAMS, NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR DEMOCRACY

Lynn Lee is Senior Program Officer for Asia at the National Endowment for Democracy, where she oversees the grant portfolio for democracy and human rights programs in North Korea, Vietnam, Mongolia, Cambodia and Asia Regional. Previously a senior project manager at InterMedia Survey Institute, she managed research projects for major media organizations broadcasting radio and TV programming to Asia such as Radio Free Asia, Voice of America, and the BBC, and carried out a two-year evaluation of U.S. Department of State-funded international nongovernmental organizations working on rule of law, civil society support and free access to information in China. She earned her doctorate in development studies from Sussex University and Master’s Degree from the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

ASHLEIGH WHELAN, DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF DEMOCRATIC GOVERNANCE DIVISION, INTERNATIONAL REPUBLICAN INSTITUTE

Ashleigh Whelan is the Deputy Director of the Democratic Governance division at IRI where she develops and supports the implementation of a broad range of democratic governance programs. During her time at IRI, Whelan has worked with the Institute’s field offices and local stakeholders to conduct trainings for civil society groups and local government associations, facilitate exchanges where best practices and experiences are shared, and consult with local government officials. To support the Institute’s partners, she also designs technical resources that combine concrete information about democratic practices with contextual advice for government officials and institutions as well as civil society organizations. She has conducted assessments of municipal governance structures and processes in Jordan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia and Rwanda. Prior to joining IRI, Whelan worked on issues of decentralization and program design with the United Nations Development Programme in Egypt and New York, respectively. Whelan has also lived and worked in Israel and the Palestinian Territories serving as a humanitarian aid coordinator with Windows: Channels for Communication. Prior to her work with multilaterals and non-profits, she worked in supply chain management and field office operations in the private sector. A native New Yorker but committed DC resident, Whelan is actively involved in her advisory neighborhood committee and serves on community-focused sub-committees. She holds a master’s in public administration from New York University and bachelor’s degrees from Quinnipiac University.

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COURTENAY ENGELKE, PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT AND RISK MANAGER, MILLENNIUM CHALLENGE CORPORATION

Courtenay Engelke is the Principal in the Investment and Risk Management Division of the Office of the CEO of the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC). As part of the MCC, Engelke has managed the strategic planning, project and financial innovation, advisory and operations risk reviews across multi-billion dollar investment portfolios. With the MCC, she was previously the Program Implementation Director for Europe, Asia, and Latin America; acting Resident Country Director in Mongolia; and served as the Transaction Team Leader in Namibia and the Associate Country Director in Georgia. Prior to joining the MCC, Engelke was a Project Finance and Development Manager for Bechtel Enterprises Inc. where she evaluated international infrastructure investment opportunities with a focus on Europe and Central Asia, acted as interim Finance Director for a motorway concession in Eastern Europe, developed financial models reflecting the financial position of Bechtel Enterprises for partnering and capital raising opportunities and completed a six week project finance and development training including financial modeling. Ms. Engelke holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Business and Economics from Lehigh University, a Master’s Degree in International Economics from Johns Hopkins University, and an MBA in Finance from the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania.

U. GANBOLD, HEAD OF THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION DEPARTMENT, GOVERNOR’S OFFICE OF THE CAPITAL

U. Ganbold is currently working as the Head of Local Governance Department at the Ulaanbaatar Capital City Governor’s Office. He graduated from the Polytechnic College with a mechanics engineering degree in 1989, and from National University of Mongolia with a master’s in law degree in 1996. His employment history starts as Innovator at the Innovation Bureau in 1989-1992, Legal Advisor at Capital City Land Agency in 1996-1997, Head of Public Administration department at City Municipality Administration in 1997-2013. He is specialized in public administration, human resources, policy development, strategy, standards implementation, inclusive management of public services to citizens, development of local and city administration and state agencies work and services; creating systems of interconnection between state actions and managing projects of different state agencies, organization of income and asset declaration of city municipality workers and other state officials at the national level for reporting purposes.

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GRETCHEN KUNZE, DIRECTOR OF ASIA DIVISION, INTERNATIONAL REPUBLICAN INSTITUTE

Gretchen Kunze has more than 17 years of professional experience in development, particularly in the areas of democracy building, good governance, civic engagement, access to justice and civil society and has spent 13 years living and working in Asia. As Asia division director, Kunze leads program innovation, development and strategy for Asia. Kunze joined IRI as resident country director for Mongolia, based in Ulaanbaatar. Her program portfolio focused on strengthening the youth associations of the five main political parties and combatting municipal-level corruption in partnership with the Ulaanbaatar mayor’s office. Preceding her time with IRI, Kunze worked for the Asia Foundation. Most recently she was country representative for Laos, based in Vientiane, where she developed the country program and established the first foundation office there since its closure in 1975. Prior to that she was the deputy country representative for Thailand and Laos, based in Bangkok, and assistant director for programs in the U.S. headquarters. She has fulfilled temporary management assignments in numerous country offices including Afghanistan, Cambodia, Japan, Mongolia and the Philippines. Kunze holds a Master’s Degree in international relations from the University of Denver in Colorado; a Bachelor’s Degree in political science from Villanova University in Pennsylvania; and has studied Thai politics at Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok.

SH. TUMURBAATAR, HEAD OF CAPITAL CITY LAND AND PROPERTY RELATIONS AGENCY

Sh. Tumurbaatar is the Head of Ulaanbaatar City Property Relations Agency since 2012. He studied at the Mongolian National University in 1978 and went to the national army in 1979. He earned his Master Sergeant in 1982 from the Mongolian Army. The same year, he restudied and in 1987 graduated with an Engineering degree from the Polytechnical College. Tumurbaatar obtained his Technical Master’s Degree in 1999, studied Public Management at the Management Academy in 2001 and obtained his Master of Public Administration in 2006. He has work experience as a technologist at Mongolian Teletype organization between 1987-1990, Board Chairman of Mongolian Democratic Association between 1990-1994, Head of Khokh Mongol Trade Union between 1994-1996, Customs Head of Buyant Ukhaa Airport between 1996-1997, Director of City planning company, Deputy Head of Mongolian Democratic Association since 2000, worked at Parliamentary Administration Department between 2004-2005, and Customs Head of Umnogobi region between 2005-2007.

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YU. IDERTSOGT, HEAD OF CAPITAL CITY PROCUREMENT AGENCY

Yu. Idertsogt is working as the head of City Procurement Agency since 2013. He started his career as national inspector at the Chingeltei district tax authority in 1994. He worked as national tax inspector at the City Tax Agency in 1997. He worked as national tax inspector at the City Tax Agency between 2000-2002. Idertsogt was the Director of Mukhpress Ltd. between 2004-2013; Deputy Director of Mongol Post PLC between 2005-2007. He graduated from the Economics College in accounting and economics and received his MBA from Finance and Economics University.

PAIKIASOTHY SARAVANAMUTTU, EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR, CENTER FOR POLICY ALTERNATIVES

Dr. Paikiasothy Saravanamuttu is the founder and Executive Director of the Centre for Policy Alternatives, (CPA). He has presented papers on governance and peace in Sri Lanka at a number of international conferences and is widely quoted in the international and local media. In 2010, he was awarded the inaugural Citizens Peace Award by the National Peace Council of Sri Lanka, and in 2011 he was invited by the German Government to be a Member of the International Jury, to choose a universally recognized Human Rights logo. In May 2013, he was invited by the US State Department’s Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor to be a part of its dialogue on Civil Society and The Freedom of Expression at the UNESCO World Press Freedom Day celebration, San Jose, Costa Rica. In September 2013, he was invited by President Obama to attend a high level event on civil society, in New York. Saravanamuttu is also a founder director of the Sri Lanka Chapter of Transparency International and a founding Co- Convenor of the Centre for Monitoring Election Violence, which has monitored all the major elections in Sri Lanka since 1997. Currently, he is the Chairperson of the Eisenhower Fellows, Sri Lanka, a member of the Board of the Berghof Foundation, the South Asia Transparency Advisory Group and a Member of the Gratiaen Trust. Saravanamuttu received a Bsc Econ, Upper Second Class Honours degree and Ph.D in International Relations from the London School of Economics and Political Science, University of London, in 1979 and 1986, respectively. He lectured in International Politics at the University of Southampton, UK, from 1984-1992.

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B. BADRAL, GENERAL MANAGER OF ULAANBAATAR

B. Badral received his technical engineering degree from Uralian Polytechnic College in Sverdlovsk, Russia in 1986, master’s degree from the Technology University in 1998, master’s degree from Sydney City UNSW University in 2002, and Doctors degree from Science and Technology University of Mongolia in 2012. He started his career as a part time general dispatcher at the Central Power System Agency between 1989-1992, Member of State Great Hural of Ulaanbaatar in 1990-1992, Manager at the USAID power and electricity project in 1992-1994, Infrastructure manager at the Japanese Marubeni corporation in Ulaanbaatar between 1994-1996, Deputy Head of Production at the Central Power Agency between 1996-2000, Director of Energy International Ltd in 2003-2004, Head of Power Policy department at the Ministry of Energy in 2004-2006, Production Director at the Energy International Ltd in 2006-2012, Head and Deputy President of Mongolian power engineering association in 2010-2012, part time Analyst at the National Security Council in 2010-2012, City Municipality agencies since October 2012, and working as the General Manager of Ulaanbaatar city and Head of Implementation Department since December 2012. He has worked 22 years in Mongolia and 12 of which were spent in public administration.

TIRZA THEUNISSEN, DEPUTY COUNTRY REPRESENTATIVE, THE ASIA FOUNDATION

Tirza Theunissen joined The Asia Foundation in July, 2012 and is the Deputy Country Representative for Mongolia. In this capacity, she oversees a wide range of programs and projects including the Improving Urban Services in the Ger Districts of Ulaanbaatar project, the Ulaanbaatar Economic Development Project, The Supporting Mongolia’s Efforts in Combatting Trafficking in Persons Project and the Environmental Protection and Household Water Treatment Systems in Khuvsgul Project. In addition, she is responsible for the operational management of the Foundation’s Mongolia Office and manages its communications and outreach. Prior to her joining the Foundation, she worked as independent consultant for various organizations including the Partnership for Transparency Fund. Tirza Theunissen was previously based in Bangladesh, where she worked for five years for a wide variety of multi-lateral and bilateral organizations including UNICEF, UNDP and the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands (EKN). Tirza Theunissen holds a MA in Human Rights and Democratization from the European Inter-University Centre for Human Rights and Democratization (Venice, Italy) and LLM in Dutch Law, European Law and Comparative Law from the European Law School, University of Maastricht (the Netherlands). She also attended the Oxford and George Washington University Joint Program in International Human Rights Law, at New College, Oxford (United Kingdom).

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FORUM VENUE MAP

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A special thank you to all of the staff of the following organizations in convening the Transparent Ulaanbaatar 2014 forum.

Sponsors and Organizers

Governor’s Office of the Capital City Ulaanbaatar

The Taiwan Foundation for Democracy

International Republican Institute

The National Endowment for Democracy

www.transparentub2014.com