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Biodiversity conservation as a
pillar for a national adaptation
strategy
14 July , 2016
NAP Expo 2016
Bonn -- Germany
Jonah Ratsimbazafy
Groupe d’Etude et de Recherche sur les Primates de Madagascar
Madagascar and
Indian subcontinent
separate
GONDWANA: 85 million years ago
Madagascar
2% of Africa
2.9% of South
and Central America
3.2% of Tropical Asia
6
Madagascar Flora
Taxonomic levels
Number Endemic
Family 180 8
Genus 1000 20%
Species 12 000 84%
9
Madagascar Insects
EXTANT FRESHWATER AND TERRESTRIAL
VERTEBRATES OF MADAGASCAR
TOTAL NUMBER TOTAL NUMBER OF PER CENT OF SPECIES ENDEMIC SPECIES ENDEMISM
BONY FISHES FROGS TURTLES LIZARDS SNAKES CROCODILES BIRDS MAMMALS
Totals NON-VOLANTS NON-VOLANTS, NON-FISHES
143
199
8
234
87
1
209
131
1012
773
630
93
197
5
229
86
0
109
119
838
719
626
65
99
63
98
99
0
52
91
83
93
99
(Goodman & Benstead, 2003, 2005)
92% endemic
LEMURS: THE MADAGASCAR’S GOOSE LAYING GOLDEN EGGS
100% endemic
Lemurs
5 family 15 genus
110 species
The single highest major primate conservation priority
18
• Deforestation • Wildfire • Invasive species • Overexploitation • Trading of wild species • Pollution
Human related activities
Biodiversity threats
Natural causes
• Climate change: frequent drought and cyclone
• Thunder, natural fire
Biodiversity threats
20
Underlying Causes
• Poverty
• Demographic pressure
• Bad governance
• Political instability
Biodiversity threats
Green & Sussman 1990
Original 1950 1973 1985
90+%
loss
Natural habitat remaining
~~ 50 – 60.000 km2 ~~
24
- High level of diversity and endemism
- Continued threat and loss of biodiversity
- 34 terrestrial and 11 marine hotspots in the World, including Madagascar
Biodiversity hotspots
The Challenge Conservation in Madagascar
- Huge island with poor infrastructure - Most of the population rural, isolated, and very poor - Little or no effective government outside towns - Peaceful though politically unstable - Cyclones
But we are up to the
challenge!
Copenhagen Climate Conference December 2009
Local community involvement
Local people are first and last defence
- Especially relevant because of weak government control
- We strongly believe that the development of local capacity for conservation is essential for the future of biodiversity conservation in Madagascar.
Capacity building
36
one of the main strategies to conserve, protect and manage these threatened biodiversity
Protected areas
- an area of land and/or sea especially dedicated to the protection and maintenance of biological diversity, and of natural and associated cultural resources, and managed through legal or other effective means
The WORLD LEMUR FESTIVAL
October 28 – 29, 2016
Communicate your Results
The 5th International Prosimian Congress 2013, Ranomafana
Madagascar