Hammad Hayat KhanBS. Geography, University of Karachi.

MS. Urban and Regional Planning, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi.Ph.D. Research Scholar, NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi.

URBAN PLANNING

“A vision without a plan is just a dream. A plan without a vision is just drudgery (dull work). But a vision with a plan can change

the world.” - Proverb

WHAT IS URBAN ?

• As per 1999 Census Report of Pakistan, an Urban Place is a Place, where:

• Population exceeds 5,000 persons

• Majority of population is engaged in non-agricultural pursuits

• There exists some sort of municipal / local government set up

• ‘A method for doing something’; or

• ‘An orderly arrangement of parts of an object’.

• ‘A process of human forethought and action based upon that forethought;

• ‘Maximization of limited resources’

• For Ex: Future Planning, Event Planning etc.

• Planning involves the creation and maintenance of a plan.

WHAT IS PLANNING ?

• Planning with a spatial or geographic component

• General objective is to provide for a spatial structure of activities (or of land uses)

• Better than the pattern that would exist without planning

• Also known as ‘physical’ planning; ‘spatial’ planning

• Urban planning / town planning / city planning / town and country planning

• Focus on the built environment

• Often seen as ‘good’ and ‘bad’

WHAT IS URBAN PLANNING ?

WHAT IS URBAN PLANNING ?

• Urban planning or city and regional planning, is a dynamic profession that works to improve the welfare of people and their communities by creating more convenient, equitable, healthful, efficient, and attractive places for present and future generations.

(Source: American Planning Association)

WHAT DO PLANNERS DO ?• Professional planners help create a broad vision for the community.

• They research and design

• develop programs

• lead public processes

• effect social change

• perform technical analyses

• Some planners focus on just some of these roles, such as transportation planning, but most will work at many kinds of planning throughout their careers.

• The basic element is the creation of a plan.

• Planners develop a plan through analysis of data and identification of goals for the community or the project.

• Planners help the community and its various groups identify their goals and form a particular vision.

IMPORTANCE OR URBAN PLANNING

• “The importance of the urban planner is increasing throughout the 21st century, as we begin to face issues of increased population growth, climate change and unsustainable development”.

• “An urban planner could be considered as a green collar profession.”

• Environmental protection is also one of the reasons why companies offer urban planning services.

• Sustainable infrastructure is one of the reasons why most of the urban areas are seeking the services of urban planning companies.

• There is need for urban areas to implement effective plans that aim to make the urban areas more conducive for human occupation.

• Urban planning aims at reducing some of the problems such as pollution that is usually caused by human activities.

• One of the importance of urban planning is to enable correction of mistakes that had earlier being made in the design of urban areas.

IMPORTANCE OR URBAN PLANNING

URBAN PLANNING & PAKISTAN

• In Pakistan, because of continuously dwindling land holdings and the exponential rise in population, the majority of the people are migrating from the rural areas to the cities.

• The UN estimates that at present approximately 35 per cent of Pakistanis live in “urban areas”, and in another ten years, more than half the Pakistanis will start residing in these urban areas.

• So, Is there a Plan for future to accommodate the influx of population moving towards urban area?

• In Pakistan, there is no co-ordination between Planning Agencies.

• Poor Urban Planning is visible in mega cities of Pakistan like: Karachi, Lahore, Hyderabad ….

THE URBAN SCENE IN SINDH

• Urban centres play a key role in economic, social, cultural and political growth and development.

• However, the urban scene in Sindh is chaotic.

• Development schemes have been in abundance, but disjointed uncoordinated and haphazard.

• Sindh has never developed a provincial urbanization policy.

UNBALANCED URBAN PROFILE OF SINDH• Karachi & Hyderabad population: 15 & 3 mill., resp.

• Population of 3rd largest city, Sukkur: 300,000

– 2% of pop. of Karachi & 10% of pop. of Hyd’bad.

• Population of Larkana, Nawabshah and Mirpurkhas: 200,000+

• Population of Jacobabad, Shikarpur, Khairpur, Dadu, Tando Adam and Tando Allahyar: 100,000+

• Combined population of 10 cities = 1.9 million

– less than 15% of pop. of Karachi & two-thirds of pop. of Hyderabad.

• Total pop. of 33 secondary cities/towns = 3 million

– less than pop. of Hyderabad.

Sindh's Urban Population: Top 12 cities

Sindh’s Urban Population:Lop-sided distribution

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

“WE DO NOT INHERIT THE EARTH FROM OUR PARENTS, WE BORROW IT FROM OUR CHILDREN”

– KENYAN PROVERB

• “SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IS THE DEVELOPMENT THAT MEETS THE NEEDS OF THE PRESENT WITHOUT COMPROMISING THE ABILITY OF FUTURE GENERATIONS TO MEET THEIR OWN NEEDS”Source: Brundtland Commission, 1987.

COMPONENT PARTS

Sustainable Development can be broken down into:

Environmental / Ecological sustainability

Economic Sustainability Social / Socio-Political Sustainability United Nations refers to “Economic

Development, social development and environmental protection” as “interdependent and mutually reinforcing pillars” of sustainable development

THANKYOU