CRES Jan 2016 - Urban Planning and Development

7/23/2019 CRES Jan 2016 - Urban Planning and Development

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URBAN PLANNING & DEVELOPMENTPAREB CRES - January 8, 201

By! R"a#$%r ARTURO M' LA(A, CPV, REB, REAMun)*)+a# May%r, Maa), Saran.an) Pr%/)n*", 2010-201

SP M""r, Saran.an) Pr%/)n*", 200-2010

An IEC project of:


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Our Outline for Review

1' In$r%3u*$)%n

2' 4)$%ry %5 Lan3 U" P#ann)n. )n $6"P6)#)++)n"

' L".a# Ba) 5%r P#ann)n.

' Na$)%na# 7ra"%r9 5%r P6y)*a# P#ann)n.

:' Lan3 U" P#ann)n. C%n*"+$

' P#ann)n. an3a$" %5 LGU

;' L%*a# P#ann)n. S$ru*$ur"

8' P#ann)n. Pr%*"


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Introduction:

PLANNINGhas long been recognized in the Philippines as a

vital force for government to attain its national vision within aprescribed period and eventually realize the all-time goal of animproved quality of life for all its citizens.

Two separate and distinct yet related and complementaryprocesses and outputs in the standard planning procedures:

1.S%*)%-E*%n%)* P#ann)n. - to yield a nationaldevelopment plan

.P6y)*a# %r Lan3 U" P#ann)n.- to turn out a physical

framewor! or human settlements plan as it was popularlylabeled in 1"#$s through the mid 1"%$s.

An IEC project of:


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Introduction:

S%*)%-E*%n%)* P#ann)n.

&t is the guidelines for local governmentadministration to include analysis of theorganization's scal management and regulatorycontrols.

(nder the )ocal *overnment +ode of 1""1, it should

be treated not only as one of the planning sectors butas an integrating system for social andeconomic allocation of resources.

&t is the guide and program for action toactualize the vision of

national development.

An IEC project of:


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Introduction:

P6y)*a# %r Lan3 U" P#ann)n.

&t is the +r%+"r ana.""n$ %5 #an3 r"%ur*" sothat people can benet from its continued use.

&t involves determining what activities a given pieceof land can support without causing damage to theland itself )n %r3"r $6a$ )$ *an " u"3 y $6"

n"=$ ."n"ra$)%n. urther, it is concerned with seeing to it that land is

indeed used in

a way that suits its capability for the benet ofall who have a

claim to its use.

An IEC project of:


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4ISTOR> O7 LAND USE PLANNING IN T4E P4ILS'

T6" 4)$%ry %5 Lan3 U" P#ann)n.

/ocio-economic planning antedates nearly 0$$ yearsfrom the /panish to the (/ regime when onlyphysicalaspect as maor emphasis and environment as its endin view.

1"23 the 4ational 5conomic +ommission 645+7 wascreated under +ommonwealth 8ct 4o. $ on which theeconomic planning was started to be focused fornational policies by the national government through the

responsible functions of the Presidential 5conomic /ta9.

An IEC project of:


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LEGAL BASIS 7OR PLANNING

1


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NATIONAL 7RAME(OR 7ORP4>SICAL PLANNING @N7PP

T6" N7PP 5%r >"ar 2001-200

T6" Na$)%na# Lan3 U" C%)$$"" @NLUC 5%ru#a$"3 $6" T6" Na$)%na#7ra"%r9 5%r P6y)*a# P#ann)n. @N7PP, >2001-200 $% %/"r*%"

.r%$6

*%n$ra)n$, n%$a#y $6" *ar*)$y %5 #an3 3u" $% +%+u#a$)%n .r%$6 an3

)n*r"a)n. %*)a# an3 "*%n%)* a*$)/)$y'

I$ *%nu#$"3 $6" a*a3"", +r)/a$" "*$%r, NGO an3 %$6"r $a9"6%#3"r

3ur)n.

+#an 5%ru#a$)%n'

V))%n %5 N7PP T6" /))%n %5 na$)%na# 3"/"#%+"n$ ) an*6%r"3 %n sustainable

development andgrowth with social equity'

I$ ) 3"/"#%+"n$ $6a$ )## " u$a)na#" $% a## ."n"ra$)%n %5 7)#)+)n%,u*6

$6a$ $6" use of the countrys land and other physical resources yieldsthe

greatest economic benets to both the present and future generations.An IEC project of:


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NATIONAL 7RAME(OR ONP4>SICAL PLANNING @N7PP

T6" N7PP 5%##% $6" 5%##%)n.Pr)n*)+#"! 7%%3 S"*ur)$y u)n. $6" *%un$ry r"%ur*" $% +r%/)3"

u*)"n$ an3 aF%r3a#" 5%%3 $6r%u.6 #%*a# +r%3u*$)%nan3 )+%r$a$)%n

En/)r%n"n$a# Su$a)na)#)$y %"r/)n. "n/)r%n"n$a#$an3ar3 an3 na$ura# r"%ur*" ana.""n$, an3+r%%$)n. a a#an*" "$""n $6" 3"an3 5%r #an3 an3+r""r/)n. "*%y$"

Ra$)%na# Uran D"/"#%+"n$ "n*%ura.)n. u$a)na#" *)$y

an3 $%n .r%$6 6)#" *%+#""n$)n. rura# 3"/"#%+"n$ S+a$)a# In$".ra$)%n #)n9)n. +r%3u*$)%n an3 *%nu+$)%nar"a $% a*6)"/" +6y)*a# an3 "*%n%)* )n$".ra$)%n$6r%u.6 )n5ra$ru*$ur"

More.

An IEC project of:


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NATIONAL 7RAME(OR ONP4>SICAL PLANNING @N7PP

EHua# A**" "nur)n. "Hua# 3)$r)u$)%n %5 +6y)*a#r"%ur*" an3 +r%/)3)n. "Hua# %++%r$un)$y )n u)n. an3a*Hu)r)n. $6"

Pr)/a$"-Pu#)* Par$n"r6)+ "n*%ura.)n. 6ar"3r"+%n))#)$y "$""n .%/"rn"n$ an3 +r)/a$" "*$%r

)n 3"/"#%+)n. an3 ana.)n. +6y)*a# r"%ur*" P"%+#" E+%"r"n$ "n*%ura.)n. %r3)nary *)$)"n $%

+ar$)*)+a$" )n +6y)*a# +#ann)n.

R"*%.n))n. $6" r).6$ %5 In3)."n%u P"%+#" "nur)n.In3)."n%u P"%+#" r).6$ $% 3"/"#%+ an3 ana." #an3

)$6)n $6")r an*"$ra# 3%a)n an3 Mar9"$ Or)"n$a$)%n #"/"ra.)n. $6" ar9"$ "*%n%y )n

+6y)*a# +#ann)n.'

An IEC project of:


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LAND USE PLANNING CONCEPTS


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Lan3 - is that solid portion of the earth's surface thatrises above the water base.

-all uses, improvements and developments, both

natural and man-made, found on, below or above theground.

-any part of the earth's surface which can be

owned as property, and everything anneBed to it,

whether by nature or by the hand of man. -a Real !state


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Lan3is viewed as a 6ar"3 na$ura# r"%ur*", much

li!e air and water found therein, to be conserved

and cared for with due regard for its e9ect on

society as a whole and for the conditions in which itwill be passed on to future generations.

Lan3is also viewed as a +r%+"r$y- a private

commodity which can be owned, used, bought or

sold for personal comfort and prot.


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(6y P#an

Lan3 is a nite resource but populationcontinues to grow year after year requiring moreland for 6%u)n. and other urban uses,agricultural areas for 5%%3 +r%3u*$)%n and moreforest for $)"r +r%3u*$)%n and a$"r6"3

+r%$"*$)%n. Therefore, the need to allocate land"udiciously and discriminately


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(6a$ ) Lan3 U" P#ann)n.

Lan3 U" P#ann)n.- is the systematic approach #process for

identifying$ classifying and locating urban land, which is achieved by analyzing the socio-economic needs of

the population in consideration of the physical and natural

attributes of a city or municipality.

C /ource: National Urban Development and Housing Framework


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Lan3 U" P#ann)n.- refers to the rational and udicious approach ofallocating available land resources to di9erent land using activities, 6e.g.agricultural, residential, industrial7 and for di9erent functions consistentwith the overall development visionDgoal of a particular locality.

&t entails the detailed process of determining the location and area ofland required for the implementation of social and economicdevelopment, policies, plans, programs and proects.

&t is based on consideration of physical planning standards, developmentvision, goals and obective, analysis of actual and potential physical

conditions of land and development constraints and opportunities.

/ource: Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board


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LAND USE PLANNING CONCEPT

Lan3 U" the use of the surface of the land by man, as surveyedand mapped in a series of recognized categories, such asagricultural, residential, commercial, industrial, institutional E etc.

Lan3 *a+a)#)$y the inherent capacity of land to performDproduce ata given

level.

Lan3 u)$a)#)$y the adaptability of the land for a specic !ind

of use.

Lan3 "/a#ua$)%n process of estimating the potential of the land

for one use or several alternative uses.


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LAND USE PLANNING CONCEPT

Lan3 au" the improper use of the land in a manner that destroys itsgood quality and potential. &t is the use that entirely disregards use capacityand carrying capacity.

- %and &se 'apacity refers to the relative ability of a unit of landresource to produce a surplus of returns above the cost utilization.

- 'arrying 'apacity -refers to how much of a !ind of use an areacan sustain without signicant damage li!e soil compaction, soil erosion andnutrient loss.

Lan3 )u" the improper use of the land, i.e. when land is used incontradiction to the proper or recommended uses or imposed by its

characteristics.

Lan3 n%n-u" %r 3)-u" the act of letting the land lie FidleG, vacant andunproductive.


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T"*6n)*a# a+"*$ - involves determining what activities6agriculture use or construction7 a given piece of land cansupport without causing damage to the land itself in orderthat it can be used across many generations without

eopardizing it.

P%#)$)*a# a+"*$- is concerned with the commitment ofdecision ma!ers and politicians to ensure that there is strictcompliance with the plan

and its implementation tools.


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LAND USE PLAN

(6a$ ) a LAND USE PLAN

8n essential component of the 'omprehensive(evelopment )lan *')(+$ it designates the future use orreuse of the land and the structure built upon the landwithin a given urisdiction's planning area and thepolicies and reasoning used in arriving at the decisions inthe plan.

&t proects public and private land uses in accordance with

the planned spatial organization of economic and socialactivities and the traHc of goods and people.


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Lan3 U" P#ann)n. C%n*"+$

(6a$ ) a CLUP

C%+r"6"n)/" Lan3 U" P#an @CLUP- is a plandocument that embodies specic provisions for guiding and

regulating growth and developmentof a city or municipality.

&t is *%+r"6"n)/" because it considers all aspects ofdevelopment, such as 3"%.ra+6y, %*)%-"*%n%)* an3

"n/)r%n"n$a# *%n3)$)%n, )n5ra$ru*$ur" an3 u$)#)$)",an3 #%*a# a3)n)$ra$)%n, within the territorial urisdiction.


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OK"*$)/" %5 Lan3 U" P#ann)n.

OK"*$)/" %5 Lan3 U" P#ann)n.

,. -o promote the ecient utilization$ acquisition

and dispositionof land as a limited resources. Ia!ing surethere is enough for our future generations to use and enoy whileaddressing the needs of the present times

/. -o in0uence$ direct and harmonize decisions and activitiesof the public and the private sectors a9ecting the use, managementand disposition of landsJ

1. Reconcile land use con0icts between and among individuals

and government agencies relating to present needs and anticipateddemands for landJ


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OK"*$)/" %5 Lan3 U" P#ann)n.

0. )romote desirable and ecient patterns of land usesand prevent premature and wasteful development and minimize

the cost of public facilities, services and infrastructureJ

3. )rotect and preserve valuable agricultural areasconsistent with the need to promote industrializationJ

K. Maintain ecological balance thru control ofdevelopment in critical areassuch as Lood plains and

watershed areasJ

#. Integrate programs and pro"ects on land resourcesdevelopment among land development agenciesJ


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OK"*$)/" %5 Lan3 U" P#ann)n.

%. 'onserve areas of ecological$ aesthetic andhistorical values and maintain and protect natural openareas and areas of signicant viewsJ

". )romote and implement a shelter planthru&dentication of sites suitable for housingJ and

1$. )romote an ecient circulation system.


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STEPS IN PLANNING PROCESS

T6" P#ann)n. Pr%*" utilizes the following Planning/teps:

1. ;ata gatheringJ

. Problem identication and situational analysisJ

2. *oals D obectives formulationJ0. *eneration of alternative spatial strategiesJ

3. 5valuation and selection of preferred strategyJ

K. ormulation of the planJ

#. 8doption, review and approvalJ and

%. &mplementation and monitoring


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T% D)/))%n %5 Lan3 U" P#ann)n.

1. G"n"ra# Lan3 U" P#ann)n. - deals primarily with thenon2urban large scale uses such as: croplands,forests, pasture lands, miningDquarrying areas andswamplands, with areas occupied by structures treatedcollectively as M built-upNareas.

N

. Uran Lan3 U" P#ann)n. - concerned with thelocation, intensity and amount of land developmentrequired for the various space-using functions such asresidential$ commercial$ industrial$ institutional$recreation and other activities found in the urban areas.


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LAND USE

G"n"ra# Lan3 U"!

C our maor categories:

- Auilt-up- 8griculture- orest

- /pecial use

Uran Lan3 U"!- @esidential- +ommercial- &ndustrial

- &nstitutional- Par!sDplaygrounds

- &nfrastructureDutilities- 5tc.


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LAND USE CATEGORIES AND COLORCODING


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LAND USE CATEGORIES ANDCOLOR CODING


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LAND SUPPL>

%and supply is the land area available within the cityDmunicipalityfor urban eBpansion. Aasically, this is left after deducting the areasconsidered for protectionDpreservation and conservation such as the4etwor! of Protected 8gricultural 8reas 64P88s7, 4ational &ntegrated

Protected 8reas /ystem 64&P8s7, eBisting built-up areas, etc.

D"$"r)na$)%n %5 Lan3 Su++#y 5%r Uran E=+an)%n

ormula: Lan3 Su++#y 7%r Uran E=+an)%n TLA - @PCA BU

Ohere: T)8 total land area of cityDmunicipality, in hectares

P+8 protectionDpreservation and conservation areas, in hec.

A( built-up areas, in hectares


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D"$"r)na$)%n %5 Lan3 Su++#y5%r Uran E=+an)%n

!3ample4 *iven: 8rea 6?as.7

a. Total )and 8rea 6T)87 of +ityDIunicipality - - - - - - - 3$,$$$

b. Production and Protection 8reas 6PP87 - - - - - - - 23,$$$

1. 4&P8/ 63,$$$7

. 4&P88s 613,$$$7 2. 5nvironmentally +onstrained 8reas - 63,$$$7

0. >ther 5nvironmentally +ritical 8reas

&dentied in Pres. Proc. 4o. 10K - 61$,$$$7

c. 5Bisting Auilt-up 8reas 6A(7 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1$,$$$

d. )and /upply or (rban 5Bpansion a - 6b Q c7

3$,$$$ - 623,$$$ Q 1$,$$$7

3$,$$$ - 03,$$$

3,$$$ ?as.


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C#a)*a$)%n %5 Uran U"


Residential -amount of land depends on the of which new householdsare formed and on inmigration.

'ommercial - category includes all types of wholesale, retail and serviceactivities serving areas larger than neighborhoods. &ncluded in thiscategory are the 9:

-Iaor +entral Ausiness ;istricts in urbanized areas-Iinor +entral Ausiness ;istrict in less urbanized areas

-?ighway /ervice +enters or +ommercial /trips such as highway gasstations, travelerRs inn and restaurants

Industrial uses- includes manufacturing, rening, fabricating, assembly,storage, par!ing and other incidental uses including food processing,

cottage industry, sawmills, rice mills, steel mills, chemical processingplants, etc. -also included are the proposed industrial estatesDsubdivision.


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Institutional - covers the maor public and semi-public usesli!e educational, cultural, religious, health, protective andgovernment services

)ar5s#)laygroundsand other @ecreational 8reas- the space

requirement may be computed with the use of spacestandards based on population or area of the municipality orcity

Open 6pace- so called Mnon-functional open spaces andincludes lands reserved for greenbelts and bu9er zonesJ and

other vacant lands reserved for specic or functional purposes


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C%n$ra)n$ $% D"/"#%+"n$

C%n$ra)n$ $% D"/"#%+"n$

-identify di9erent constraints such as soil conditions,Looding, volcanic eruptions, earthqua!es, and othernatural condition.

-mapping guidelines- illustrates the physical obstacles todevelopment such as subsidence and Looding ris! .

Lan3 U" R"#a$"3 Pr%#"

5valuate the land use related problems such as Looding,

deforestation, conversion of prime agricultural lands,pollution, incompatible uses, etc.


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7%ru#a$)%n %5G"n"ra# Lan3 U" P#an

7%ru#a$)%n %5 $6" G"n"ra# Lan3 U" P#an

Lan3 Ca+a)#)$y C#a)*a$)%n

- &ndicates the suitability of areas for cultivation according to soil

conservation management requirements. actorsconsidered in the

identication of land capability classes are soil erosionpotentialDLooding and soil condition limitations.

- S%)# *%n3)$)%nincludes its characteristics such as droughtness,fertility, stoniness, salinity, al!alinity, acidity, depth, presence of

toBic substance, etc.The degree of limitations ranges from no or slight limitations,

moderate, serious to severe, to very serious or very severe.


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T6" D)F"r"n$ Lan3 Ca+a)#)$yC#a"

,. 'lass 7 2 very good landJ can be cultivated safely, requiring only simplebut good farm management practices.

/. 'lass 8 2 good landJ can be cultivated safely, require easily applicableconservation practices.

1. 'lass ' 2 moderately good land, must be cultivated with cautionJ requirescareful management and compleB conservation practices.

9. 'lass ( 2 fairly good landJ must be cultivated with eBtra cautionJ requires

careful management and compleB conservation practices for safe cultivation. Iostsuitable for pasture or forest.

:. 'lass % 2 level to nearly levelJ too stony or very wet for cultivationJ limited topasture or forest with careful soil management.

;. 'lass M 2 steep landJ very severely erodedJ shallowJ not for cultivationJ limitedto pasture or forest with careful management.


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S%)# Su)$a)#)$y

S%)# Su)$a)#)$y

8 soil suitability study shall be conducted to determinethe appropriateness of agricultural lands for specic

crops. 8t present, the Aureau of /oils and OaterIanagement has prepared +rop ;evelopment and

/oil conservation Planning *uide Iaps for variouscrops.


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En/)r%n"n$a##y Cr)$)*a# Ar"a

En/)r%n"n$a##y Cr)$)*a# Ar"a @ECA - )anddevelopment should consider the limitations posed by the following4aar3!

("a$6"r an3 (a$"r R"#a$"3 4aar3

Tropical cyclone winds Tropical cyclone rains /torm surge ;rought

Ear$6Hua9"-)n3u*"3 4aar3

*round sha!ing *round rupture 6fault lines7 )iquefaction and lateral spreading )andslides Tsunami


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En/)r%n"n$a##y Cr)$)*a# Ar"a @ECA7SS 4aar3!

V%#*an)* 4aar3

)ava Low

8sh fall

Pyroclastic Lows )ahar

5dice failure

Er%)%n 4aar3

/oil erosion

@iver ban! erosion

+oastal wave erosion


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En/)r%n"n$a##y Cr)$)*a# Ar"a *%/"r"3 y Pr"' Pr%*#aa$)%n N%' 21

- areas set aside as aesthetic potential tourist spotsJ

- areas of unique historic, archeological or scientic interestJ

- areas which are traditionally occupied by indigenous people or tribesJ

- areas classied as prime agricultural landsJ

- recharge areas of aquifersJ

- water bodies characterized by one or any combination of the followingconditionsJ

-tapped for domestic purposes

-within the controlled andDor protected areas declared by appropriate

authorities

-support wild life and shery activities

-coral reef characterized by one or any combination of the 9. conditions:- with 3$ and above live coraline cover

-spawning and nursery grounds for sh

-act as natural brea!water of coastline


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An IEC project of:

L)/a)#)$y- Hua#)$y #)5" %5 #%*a# *)$)"n

C%+"$)$)/"n"- u$a)na)#)$y &.#%a#)a$)%n %5 #%*a# "*%n%yBan9a)#)$y- #%*a# .%/"rn"n$*a+a*)$y $% " nan*)a##y "#5-u$a)n)n.

G%%3 G%/"rnan*"- Hua#)$yana.""n$ %5 #%*a#

.%/"rn"n$ aFa)r


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An IEC project of:

)and (se Pattern


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)and (se PatternBa)* Uran @ormC%n*"+$ua#7ra"%r9

Tr"n3 E=$"n)%n- @esembles the ;ispersed /heet urban form ofUevin )ynch, which he described as having -maBimum LeBibility, personal comfort,independence and where local participation ishighly possible.

- Trend eBtension is the result of individualsbuilding anywhere according to their ownpreferences

and convenience with minimal governmentintervention.

- ;evelopment is spread evenly over a wide

continuous tract, very accessible to open land.- ;ispersed /heet and transport is designed ascontinuous grid.- 4o vivid or memorable image of the city andcostly provision of public service.

Lan3 U" Pa$$"rn


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Lan3 U" Pa$$"rn

L)n"ar Uran 7%r- a.!.a Ribbon or 6trip (evelopment- characterized by concentration of development along

both sides of maor transportation routes such asroads, navigable rivers or other form of transport

networ!.- generally start on a one-lot-deep into a grid system.- also resembles what Uevin )ynch refers to

as the &rban 6tar which is characterized bya strong urban core with secondary centers of

S$r)+L)n"ar D"/"#%+"n$

moderate densities, distributed along mainradials roads.

- very strong visual image.

Lan3 U" Pa$$"rn


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Lan3 U" Pa$$"rnIulti-4odal (rban orm- re-directs development away from the urban

core or city center toward identied urbangrowth areas or nodes.-approBimates )ynchVs Galaxy orm, which is

characterized by clusters of developmentwith each cluster having its own specialization.

- the maor center provides specialized facilities and services to its nodes and acts

as it eBternal lin!age to other centers of theGa#a=y 7%r

city or municipality. The nodes support themaor center as its captive mar!et while

providing neighborhood facilities and servicesto its area of inLuence.

Lan3 U" Pa$$"rn


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Lan3 U" Pa$$"rn

-(nder the C"n$r)* an3 N%3a# 5%r, a number of additionalmiBed-use growth areas will be developed outside the

Poblacion area eBisting center of development.-8nother related 4odal-+entral type of development is Radial and!ir"umerential. &t shows a development channel fanningout from a given center where points of activities areinterconnected by radial and circumferential road systemswhich are potential development corridors.

Ra3)a# an3 C)r*u5"r"n$)a#

Lan3 U" Pa$$"rn


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Lan3 U" Pa$$"rn

C%n*"n$r)* Uran 7%r- this form reLects an outward eBpansion of urban

development from the city centerDcore induced by theconstruction of new circumferential and radial roads.

- the form pattern matches the +ore +ity of Uevin )ynch hasthe unique characteristic of concentrating developmentinto one continuous body originating from the centeror core.

- aiming to maBimize land use in the Poblacion or city centerto provide more open space outside, this urban formredirects future development in and around the

C%r" C)$y Poblacion or city center, eBtending to the adoining

barangays or barrios. 8s a result, the direction of

growth enlarges the urban core.

Lan3 U" Pa$$"rn


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Lan3 U" Pa$$"rn

Gr)3 7%r- this system is made up of rectangular bloc!s dened by

parallel and intersecting streets. The simplicity of this layoutprovides accessibility of plots andDor structures, but conLictor movement could arise due to numerous intersections.

*rid ;evelopment

Lan3 U" Pa$$"rn


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Lan3 U" Pa$$"rnA $% S6a+"

Ra3)%*"n$r)*S$ar

8 large circle with radial

@adiocentric form with corridors of intense development openspaces between the emanating from the center.outreaching corridors of

development.

R"*$)#)n"arR)n.

Lan3 U" Pa$$"rn


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Lan3 U" Pa$$"rn

A $% S6a+"

L)n"arS6""$

(sually the result 8

vast urban area with

of naturallittle or no articulation topography which restricts growthJ may also be a transportation

spine.

Ar$)*u#a$"3 S6""$

Bran*6

8 sheet accented by

Lan3 U" Pa$$"rn


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Lan3 U" Pa$$"rnA $% S6a+"

C%n$"##a$)%n8 series of nearly equal sized cities in

close proBimity

Sa$"##)$"+onstellation of cities around a maincluster


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URBAN LAND USE MODELS


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URBAN LAND USE MODELS

Uran Lan3 U" M%3"#

- +oncentric =one Iodel #Burgess$

- /ector Iodel #Hoyt$

- Iultiple 4uclei Iodel #Harris % Ullman$

- (rban @ealms Iodel #&an"e' aka ()epperoni )i**a+,odel$ d


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CONCENTRIC-ONE MODEL

T6" C%n*"n$r)*-%n" M%3"#

- Proposed by Aurgess - 8 sociologist at the(niversity of +hicago: 1"3 boo! titled -he 'ity

- Aased on a study of land use patterns and

social group dynamics in +hicago- *eographically the 'itywas visualized li!e 3 or

K maor rings, such as from a cross-section of atree.

- 8 model with ve zones.


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M%3"# )$6 /" %n"'

C %n" 1 @B#u" %n" -The central business district 6+A;7

-;istinct pattern of income levels out to the commutersV zone

-5Btension of trolley lines had a lot to do with this pattern7

%n" 2 @R"3 %n"

-+haracterized by miBed pattern of industrialand residential land use

-@ooming houses, small apartments, and tenements attract the

lowest income segment

->ften includes slums and s!id rows, many squatters began here

-(sually called the transition zone


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%n" @>"##% %n"-The wor!ingmenVs quartersN

-/olid blue-collar, located close to factories of =ones 1 and

-Iore stable than the transition =one around the +A;

->ften characterized by squatter's neighborhood bloc!s ofimmigrants who bro!e free from the rural life.

-/preading outward because of pressure from transition zone andbecause blue-collar wor!ers demanded better housing.

%n" @V)%#"$ %n"-Iiddle class area of better housingN

-5stablished city dwellers, many of whom moved outward with theopening road networ!

-+ommute to wor! in the +A;


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%n" : @Br%n %n"

-+onsists of higher-income families clusteredtogether in older suburbs.

-)ocated either on the farthest eBtension of thenational hiway or main road.

-/pacious lots and large houses.

-rom here the rich pressed outward to avoidcongestion and social heterogeneity caused byeBpansion of =one 0.


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1 CBD 6 Heavy manufacturing

3 Low-class residential 8 Residential suburb

Hig!-class residential

"#D$L%& %ectors 'Hoyt( and "ulti Centres 'Harris and )llman(

"ulti Centres%ector

54

1 3 5

* +!olesale and lig!t manufacturing , %ub business district

.ndustrial suburb/ "iddle-class residential

89

3

2 3

4

3

3

3

2 34

3

21

3

7

6

C 0


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CClassic .ndustrial City 0s

Konx and Pinch 2000 Urban Social Geography


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.ndustrial City1..ndustrial City 1/-*000/-

1,

! 2 t . d t i l Cit


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!e!e 2ost-.ndustrial City

REVIE( O7 URBAN LAND USE MODELS


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REVIE( O7 URBAN LAND USE MODELS

An IECro ect o :

M"$6%3 %5 7u$ur" D"an3 Pr%K"*$)%n


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M"$6%3 %5 7u$ur" D"an3 Pr%K"*$)%n8> (rban )and ;istribution ormula

or less (rbanized 8reas W@uralX, the ood and 8griculture>rganization W8>X came up with a range of distribution of the

various (rban )and (ses for every 1,$$$ urban population.


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S"$$#""n$ D"/"#%+"n$

S"$$#""n$is an area where concentrations of populationengage in economic, political, cultural, and other socialactivities. They vary from small, agriculture-based villagesto metropolitan urban centers that accommodate million of

people that serve as industrial, mar!et and administrativecenters.

S"$$#""n$ D"/"#%+"n$ focuses on the spatialdistribution of shelter, infrastructures and networ!s, and

services. &t is also concerned with inter-relationships ofsettlements as they develop and establish functionallin!ages based on their respective resource endowmentsand comparative advantage .


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S"$$#""n$ D"/"#%+"n$

T6" Pr)ary *%n*"rn %5 S"$$#""n$ D"/"#%+"n$ ar"$% 6"#+ "nur", 5%r $6" +r""n$ & 5u$ur" ."n"ra$)%n!

1. 8n eAective integration of activities within andamong settlements, allowing eHcient production and

movement of people and commodities through the provision ofappropriate land, infrastructure and facilitiesJ

. The access of population to housing, education,health care, recreation, transportation and communication,sanitation, and basic utilities such as water, power, waste

disposal and other facilities.


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Pr%3u*$)%n Lan3 U"

Pr%3u*$)%n Lan3 U" refers to the direct and indirect utilization ofland resources, for crop production, shery, livestoc! and poultry

production, timber production, agroforestry, mining, industry andtourism.

)ands under this category include agricultural areas, coastal andmarine zones, production forest, mineral lands, industrial and

tourism development areas where productive activities could beunderta!en to meet the country's requirements for economicgrowth.

The primary obective of planning for )roduction %and &se is Btodetermine the most ecient and equitable manner of utilizingand managing land resourcesCsuch that there is adequate andaccessible space for sustainable food production, forest and mineralresource eBtraction, industry, and tourism, with the end in view ofmeeting the material and other requirements of the population.


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Pr%$"*$)%n Lan3 U"

Pr%$"*$)%n Lan3 U" refers to the rehabilitation,conservation and management of sensitiveDcriticalecosystems to preserve their integrity, to allow degradedresource to regenerate, and to protect the human

population from environmental hazards.

)rotection %and &se policy guidelines see! Fto achieveenvironmental stability and ecological integrityJ ensurebalance between resource use and the preservation of some

educational, cultural and historic signicance and protectpeople and man made structure from the ill e9ects ofnatural hazardsG.

They cover the following protected areas: DI)76$ Don2DI)76 andEazard )rone 7reas


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Dr)/"r %5 Lan3 U"'

T6" Dr)/"r %5 Lan3 U":,. Datural !nvironment natural aspects of climate, slope,

insurmountable barriers, and the eBistence of drillable water aquifers.

/. (emographic factors e9ects of rural-migration and naturalpopulation growth in the city, household size, the level of urbanizationin the country, and the ran! of the city in the country's urban hierarchy.

1. !conomic @actors e9ect of level of economic development,economic structure, land mar!ets, di9erences in household income,eBposure to globalization, the level of foreign direct investment, thedegree of employment decentralization, level of development in realestate nance mar!ets, the level and e9ectiveness of propertytaBation, and the presence of cycles of high inLation.

9. -ransport 6ystem @actor new transport technologies, level of gov't.investments on roads, transportation costs vis-Y-vis household income,eBistence of city centers, eBistence of viable public transport.


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Dr)/"r %5 Lan3 U"

T6" Dr)/"r %5 Lan3 U"!

:' 'onsumer preference preference for proBimity to openspace, for single- family dwellings, or for homeownership, preference for (rbanism as a way of life, for

proBimity to other people and to urban amenities, or forproBimity to one's place of wor!.

' %and Ownership The types of ownership have animpact on spatial growth, land use eHciency and equity becauseof di9erences due to legality of transfers and taB scales.


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Iodel &nfrastructure )and (se Plan


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Preservation of 8rchitectural Auildings


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/lum 8rea - a worldwide problem


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)and (se @enewal


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Iodel (rban )and (se Plan


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En/)r%n"n$a# Su$a)na)#)$y


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En/)r%n"n$a# Su$a)na)#)$yIn r"*"n$ y"ar $y+6%%n ar" *au)n. 6%rr"n3%u 3aa.")n $6" P6)#)+)n"' T6%uan3 %5 #)/" 6a/" ""n #%$ an3

3"/a$a$"3 $6" "n/)r%n"n$'


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U P# ) ) C)$)


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Uran P#ann)n. )n %" C)$)"

U P# ) ) C)$)


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Uran P#ann)n. )n %" C)$)"


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An IEC project of:

PLANNING MANDATES O7 LGU


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PLANNING MANDATES O7 LGU

MANDATES 7OR T4E LOCAL LEVEL

RA ;10 @1


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S"*' 2 @a, RA ;10

Declaration of Policy.

That the territorial & political subdivisions o the

State shall en!oy genuine & "eaningul local

autono"y to enable the" to attain their ullestdevelop"ent as sel#reliant co""unities & "a$e

the" "ore eective partners in the attain"ent o

national goals%

S"* 1: RA ;10


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S"*' 1:, RA ;10

)olitical and 'orporate Dature of %F&s.

5very )*( is a %3y +%#)$)* E *%r+%ra$"endowed with powers to be eBercised by it inconformity with law. 8s such, it shall eBercise

powers as a political subdivision of the 4ational*overnment and as a corporate entityrepresenting the inhabitants of its territory.

S"*$)%n 1 RA ;10


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S"*$)%n 1, RA ;10

Feneral Gelfare - !very %F& shall e3ercise the

powers e3pressly granted$ those necessarilyimplied therefrom$ as well as powers necessary$appropriate$ or incidental for its ecient andeAective governance$ and those which areessential to the promotion of the general welfare.

Oithin their respective territorial urisdictions, )*(sshall ensure and support, among other things, thepreservation and enrichment of culture, promote healthand safety, enhance the right of the people to a

balanced ecology, encourage and support thedevelopment of appropriate and self-reliant scienticand technological capabilities, improve public morals,enhance economic prosperity and social ustice,promote full employment among their residents,

maintain peace and order, and preserve the comfort


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C%+r"6"n)/" P#an an3a$"3 )n


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+LGC

T% @2 C%+r"6"n)/" P#an an3a$"3 yRA ;10!

1' 'omprehensive %and &se )lan *'%&)+- tomanage the entire territory on behalf of the 4ational

/tate 6/ec. $, c7 2' 'omprehensive (evelopment )lan *'()+-to promote the general welfare of its inhabitants6/ec.1$K7


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L"/"# %5 Lan3 U" P#ann)n.


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L"/"# %5 Lan3 U" P#ann)n.

An IEC

project of:

LOCAL PLANNING


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LOCAL PLANNINGSTRUCTURE

An IEC project of:

C%+%n"n$ %5 $6" L%*a# P#ann)n. S$ru*$ur"


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P>)&T&+8) T5+?4&+8)

)ocal /anggunian

)ocal ;evelopment+ouncil

+ongressman's@epresentative

+ivil /ociety>rganizations

)ocal Planning and;evelopment >Hce

)*( ;epartment ?eads

)ocal /pecial Aodies );+ /ectoralDunctional

+ommittees

4*8 >Hce +hiefs in the

locality Private /ector

@epresentatives

C%+%n"n$ %5 $6" L%*a# P#ann)n. S$ru*$ur"

L"/"# %5 $6" L%*a# P#ann)n. S$ru*$ur"


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L"/"# %5 $6" L%*a# P#ann)n. S$ru*$ur"

2olitical Comonent ec!nical Comonent

Local

Sanggunian

Local Development

Council

Sectoral &

Functional

Committees

LPDO, NGAs,

CSOs, Private

Sector

Local

Special

Bodies

'()

*n Plenary

STRUCTURE O7 T4E LDCPr)ary 7un*$)%nLD!:


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*n Plenary

+xecutive

)o""ittee

Secretariat

Sectoral or ,unctional

)o""ittees

Social+cono"ic*nrastructure+nviron"ent and

-atural .esources*nstitutional

LD!: ormulate development plans and policiesJ ormulate public investment programsJ 8ppraise and prioritize programs and proectsJ ormulate investment incentivesJ

+oordinate, monitor and evaluate implementation ofdevelopmentprograms and proects.

Barangay Development !oun"ils: Iobilize people's participation in local development

functionsJ Prepare barangaydevelopment plansJ Ionitor and evaluate implementation of national or local

programs

and proects.2xe"utive !ommittee: @epresent the );+ when it is not in sessionJ 5nsure that the );+ decisions are faithfully carried out and

act onmatters needing immediate attention by the );+J

ormulate plans, policies and programs based onprinciples and

priorities laid out by );+.

3e"retariat: Provide technical support to the );+J ;ocument proceedingsJ Prepare reportsJ >ther support functions as may be necessary.3e"toral or Fun"tional !ommittee: 8ssist the );+ in the performance of its functionsJ Provide the );+ with data and information essential to the

formulation

of plans, programs and activitiesJ ;ene sectoral or functional obectives, set targets and


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PLANNING PROCESS

An IEC project of:


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PLANNING PROCESS


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PLANNING PROCESS

4#5L% #B7$C.$% 59D 5R4$% %$.94&

#B7$C.$%

#are deined in ter"s o actual programs capable o being carried

into action/ though they all short o detailed 4uantiication%

#are turned into targets representing specific programs in hich

criteria o peror"ance are set against target dates%

PLANNING PROCESS


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PLANNING PROCESS

2L59 D$%.49&&

2lan Design/ is also called Plan Formulation.

5ne point in the hole process/ here the planner exercise a

power to synthesize disparate elements into a coherent plan.

Design consists o to ele"ents1

6% The choice of system models to represent the "ain ele"ents

hich the design should incorporate/ and the running o these

"odels to give a nu"ber o coherent and realistic pictures o theuture state o the syste" through ti"e%

2% Theprocess of evaluation of the alternatives to give a preerred

or opti"u" solution%

PLANNING PROCESS


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PLANNING PROCESS

2L59 $5L)5.#9&

$valuation conveys a connotation o econo"ic criteria1 evaluation/

crudely/ represents the best plan for money.

- consists of any process, which seeks to order preferences.

ec!ni:ue of 2lan $valuation -

The best $non o these a"ong the general public/ ost-!enefit

"nalysis/ is explicitly econo"ic in its approach% *t assu"es that the best

plan ill be the one hich delivers the greatest quantity of economic

benefits at the lowest cost establishing a #rate of economic return.

PLANNING PROCESS


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PLANNING PROCESS

."2L$"$9.94 H$ 2L59&

*n the planning process/ the hole exercise o modeling, evaluation

and selection is continuously repeated%

The ob!ective is to have/ in the one hand/ a monitoring system/

hich chec$s the response o the urban and regional syste" to thevarious planning "easure hich are ta$en to control its progress.

5n the other hand/ the control system itself, which responds

flexibly and sensitively to the information controlled by the

monitoring system.

PLANNING PROCESS


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PLANNING PROCESS

."2L$"$9.94 H$ 2L59&

$n practice, a tidy systems view of planning may go wrong in a

variety of ways%

6% ,irst/ $noledge about the external environ"ent o the

planning decision "ay increase rapidly/ ith unpredictable results%

2% Secondly/ plans can go rong because o the co"plex

interrelationships beteen dierent levels o the planning syste"/

and beteen dierent ele"ents in the planning situation%

7% Thirdly/ there is the act that over ti"e hu"an values or at

least the values o those actively concerned tend to change%

PLANNING PROCESS


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PLANNING PROCESS


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PROCEDURAL STEPS IN T4E PLANNING PROCESS


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PROCEDURAL STEPS IN T4E PLANNING PROCESS

0. G"n"ra$)%n %5 a#$"rna$)/" +a$)a# $ra$".)" invarious forms or patterns of distributing the futurepopulation over the cityDtown territoryJ

3. E/a#ua$)%n an3 "#"*$)%n %5 +r"5"rr"3 $ra$".ythrough techniques li!e cost-benet analysis, planningbalance sheet, goal achievement matriB or simplechec!list of criteriaJ

K. D"$a)#)n. %5 *6%"n $ra$".y to form a spatial shapethat guide and control location of infrastructure proect,direction and intensity of urban development andspecial action areasJ


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T4E CLUP AND T4E MANAGEMENTO7 LOCAL TERRITORIES


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O7 LOCAL TERRITORIES

T4E DEVELOPMENT SECTORS & SUB-SECTORS


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SECTORAL DEVELOPMENT PLANNING PROCESS


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8*S*5- ST3T+9+-T

8*S*5- +'+9+-T :;< S+)T5.=


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8*S*5- +'+9+-T :;< S+)T5.=

+'+9+-T (+S).*PT5.S

SU))+SS *-(*)3T5.S 5, +3)>

(+S).*PT5.

)U..+-T .+3'*T

Documents

CRES Jan 2016 - Urban Planning and Development