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March 16, 2005 SDI Concepcion
Technology forSpatial Data Infrastructures
Werner Kuhn
Slides by Michael Gould
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The 3 functions of GIS
Spatial dataInput/editing
Query + Analysis
Presentation End user
productivity
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Novel paradigm: web mapping
Spatial dataCreation
Query +analysis
Presentation
Light client (browser)
User
Central server
DB
- new economic model: centralization AND decentralization
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www.mapa.es
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Status quo
Many web map servers (WMS) available to public
Creation of islands of information access Each map server in a separate browser
window...often impossible to combine layers
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Data Data Data
ServerServer Server
Web Client
standards, Interfaces
WebMapping Testbed (WMT)
Proof-of-concept project, October 1999, connecting heterogeneous servers and clients (multi-vendor)A test of collaboration among various companies and agenciesRetrieve data in data servers in various nations, from various clients
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OGC Web Mapping Testbed (WMT)
Census DataVendor C
Weather DataVendor A
EvacuationData
Vendor D
FoundationData
Vendor B
Flood ZonesData
Vendor E
ImageryData
Vendor F
WMT will distributeWMT will distributedata sets acrossdata sets across
multiple map serversmultiple map serversusing differentusing different
vendor solutionsvendor solutions
Scenario: Catastrophic weather eventScenario: Catastrophic weather event
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TerraServer - http://terraserver.microsoft.com
before WMT
MapQuest - http://www.mapquest.comEPA - http://www.epa.gov/enviro/enviromapper.html
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Server 1
Server 2
Server 3
Interoperable Web Mapping
Data HoldingsCoverage areasMap ProjectionFormatsCost/Policies
Data HoldingsCoverage areasMap ProjectionFormatsCost/Policies
Data HoldingsCoverage areasMap ProjectionFormatsCost/Policies
CatalogService
Source: Digital Earth, NASA
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Viewer Client: Combined Map
Topography?Water?
Boundaries?
CatalogService
Interoperable Web Mapping
Server 1
Server 2
Server 3
Server 1: Topography
Server 2: Water
Server 3: Boundaries
Source: Digital Earth, NASA
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Metadata
Internal descriptive information that makes the geodata useful
Convergence on ISO model Proposal of Consejo Geográfico Nacional
• National profile (IDE-E) of ISO19115 + elements from wider model (Dublin Core)
Software to create/edit metadata is already available, free software
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WMS
Coverage serverWCS
Feature serverWFS
Terrainserver
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Metadata describing servicesMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URLMetadata for an online service, and a URL …..
Find me a processing function(buffer for my highway)
URL
Catalog services Application servers with Metadata and OpenGIS interfaces
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SDI technology: complicated
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SDI technology: simplified
Source: NASA, 2001
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Novelty of WMT
Define interfaces: standard-based software “plugs”• To connect to servers: WMS, WFS, WCS....• From diverse client software
Server continues to be optimized for “its users”, but ALSO may cooperate as a node in a heterogeneous network of servers
GIS for me GIS for me, AND also partially accessible to others, if they are interested
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Conclusions
The technology for sharing geoinformation exists, and has been demonstrated• Based on international standards• Available to the public• Independent of commercial brand names
Now, we need to apply the technology...
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