qarTuli literatura

VII klasi

moswavlis wigni

diana anfimiadi, zina gabiCvaZe, ivane amirxanaSvili

grifminiWebulia saqarTvelos ganaTlebis, mecnierebis,

kulturisa da sportis saministros mier 2019 wels

gamomcemloba artanuji

Tbilisi

wignSi gamoyenebuli yvela sainformacio da adaptirebuli teqsti, romlebsac miTiTebuli ar aqvs wyaro, ekuTvnis saxelmZRvanelos avtorebs.

diana anfimiadi, zina gabiCvaZe, ivane amirxanaSviliqarTuli literatura VIImoswavlis wigni

© diana anfimiadi, zina gabiCvaZe, ivane amirxanaSvili, 2019© gamomcemloba `artanuji~, 2019

ISBN 978-9941-487-11-8

gamomcemloba artanujiTbilisi, ilia WavWavaZis gamziri #52 91-22-83, 5(93) 25-05-22elfosta: info.artanuji@gmail.com vebgverdi: www.artanuji.ge

damkabadonebelivladimer peraniZe

garekanis dizaineriilia xelaia

mxatvrebisofio kirTaZenino miqaberiZe

koreqtorisofo kobiaSvili

3

winasityva .................................................................6

ilia WavWavaZe – sityva winamZRvrianTkaris

sameurneo skolis gaxsnaze .....................................7

literaturis jadosnuri kari –

Zveli da axali gmirebi

amirani .....................................................................9

SoTa rusTaveli, „vefxistyaosani“

„vefxistyaosani“ da xalxuri sityviereba ...21

tarieliani .............................................................21

saqarTvelo – misi meore samSoblo –

marjori uordropi (1869-1909) ........................24

ilias werili marjori uordrops ..................25

`vefxistyaosani~ Wirsa da lxinSi ...................26

Zveli da axali gmirebi .......................................28

maia sariSvili – magram ase erCia ....................29

ilia WavWavaZe– bazaleTis tba ........................32

`me dResa davuRamdebi~ ......................................34

mefe mirianis nadiroba ......................................35

ana kalandaZe – modioda nino mTebiT ............37

sityvis kona da sulxan-saba orbeliani ........38

leqsikoni qarTuli .............................................39

sulxan-saba orbeliani – italieli mxatvrebi ..43

zRapari

zRapari – yvelaze Zveli da yvelaze

Tanamedrove sibrZne ...........................................45

muWanaxevara ..........................................................46

saintereso ambebi

Jestebis ena............................................................49

literaturuli zRapari

guram petriaSvili – wvimis moyvaruli

kacis ambavi ............................................................51

geniosebi da legendebi

lado asaTiani – Cemi Tbilisi da firosmani

ar vici, ase ram Semayvara ...................................54

bolo Sexvedra ......................................................55

vaJa da firosmani .................................................57

firosmani „albertinaSi“ ..................................57

„me vxedav sizmrebs araTqveneburs“

galaktion tabiZe (1891-1959) ...........................59

nawyveti nodar dumbaZis romanidan

`mziani Rame~ .........................................................59

galaktion tabiZe – rarig kargia, samSoblov ....66

literatura – dro, sivrce, personaJi

skola literaturaSi .........................................67

jein earis skola ..................................................67

akaki skolaSi ........................................................68

ratom ar miyvars skola ....................................69

rezo inaniSvilis skola .....................................71

eqsperimentuli skola .......................................72

literaturuli qalaqebi

parizi ......................................................................75

kamora ......................................................................76

Cemi magidis wigni .................................................77

tfilisi ..................................................................78

revaz gabriaZe – quTaisis niavi .......................81

nawarmoebis personaJi

nodar dumbaZe – ZaRli .......................................82

personaJis dardi da emociebi

goderZi Coxeli – „bebo“ ...................................97

besik xaranauli – dedi .......................................100

vaJa-fSavela – verxvi .........................................101

oTar WilaZe – warwera vaJas saxlis kedelze ....105

epiTeti ....................................................................106

literaturis Tavbrudamxvevi ambebi –

deteqtivi, fantastika, fentezi

arTur konan doili (1859-1930) ........................107

aka morCilaZe – mwerali mweralze .................108

arTur konan doili – mocekvave kacunebi ....108

damwerlobiswina safexurebi ...........................120

fentezi ...................................................................123

kacmacunebi ............................................................123

samecniero fantastika ......................................127

Tamaz WeiSvili – siriusi, idumali stumari .... 127

musika, literatura da adamiani

nodar dumbaZe – beThoveni ...............................134

siyvarulis ambavi ................................................134

ilia da simRera ...................................................135

guram doCanaSvili – musikosi ........................136

moxetiale musikosi ............................................139

sarCevi

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ratom vkiTxulobT leqsebs

galaktion tabiZe – Tovli iyo iribi,

almaceri .................................................................140

aleqsandre sajaia – Tovli Tovs ....................140

mirza gelovani – dedamiwa Seimosa TeTri

samoseliT... ...........................................................141

vaxtang javaxaZe – Tovli ..................................141

poeziis erTi wveTi

balada – „leqsi vefxisa da moymisa“ ...............145

mTavari Temebi

ver daviviwyebT ....................................................147

guram odiSaria – devnilTa uReltexili ....147

giorgi SarvaSiZe (1846-1918) – varada ............151

galaktion tabiZe – gamarjoba,

afxazeTo, Seni! .....................................................152

Samil filia – * * * (vxedav, Cven Soris tyvia

Camdgara) .................................................................153

Tea lomaZe – werili boTlSi............................153

osuri zepirsityvierebidan

Semodgomis simRera .............................................159

osuri literaturidan

nafi jusoiTi (1925-2017) ...................................160

giorgi besTauTi (1932-1978) – me da gazafxuli

TbilisSi .................................................................161

dro da literatura

Tamaz bibiluri – weliwadis droni ...............163

antonio vivaldi – weliwadis droni .............171

literaturuli Targmanis laboratoria

eqvTimes sizmari ...................................................173

yvelaze didi mTargmneli .................................175

qarTuli literatura frankfurtSi ............176

erekle tatiSvili ................................................178

literatura da siyvaruli

dante da beatriCe ................................................180

ilia WavWavaZe da olRa guramiSvili .............181

uiliam Seqspiri – romeo da julieta ............182

mwerali da misi cxovreba

daviT guramiSvili (1705-1792) – es kaci ase

ilocavs...................................................................184

erTi ambavi poetis cxovrebidan

dueli ......................................................................186

dRiuri

yvelaze gulwrfeli wignebi .............................187

ana frankis dRiuri .............................................187

maro mayaSvili ......................................................193

qeTi niJaraZe – nawyvetebi romanidan

„avtoportreti~...................................................197

Seavse Seni piradi anketa ...................................199

bolosityva ...............................................................200

5

daakvirdi gaixsene

imsjele daasabuTe

ifiqre da mipasuxe leqsikoni

Seasrule davaleba sadiskusio klubi

ifiqre proeqti

waikiTxe

jgufuri samuSao

gaiazre

zepiri davaleba

ifiqre da daakavSire

weriTi davaleba

pirobiTi niSnebi

6

winasityva

literatura yvelgan ar Cndeba. is warmoiSoba iq, sadac aris sicoc-xle, moZraoba, cxovreba.

cxovreba ki aris iq, sadac adamianebi azrovneben, fiqroben, ganicdian.radgan saqarTveloSi mwerloba didi xania arsebobs, es imas niSnavs,

rom CvenSi adamianebi didi xania azrovneben, fiqroben, ganicdian.ase iqneba momavalSic.cxovreba ar arsebobs cvlilebebis gareSe, is gamudmebiT icvleba da

masTan erTad icvleba literaturac.rac warsulSi ar yofila, momavalSi iqneba; Zveli gamoTqmisa ar iyos,

rac gvinaxavs, veRar vnaxavT, magram rac ar gvinaxavs, vnaxavT.warmoidgine aseTi ram: zixar zRvis piras da uyureb talRebs, rom-

lebic napirisaken moiswrafian. uyureb da ici, rom arasodes gaTavdeba, mudam iqneba sicocxlis es moZraoba, talRebi yovelTvis movlen napir-Tan, napiri yovelTvis daxvdeba talRebs.

zRva cxovrebaa, talRebi – wignebi, napiri – Cven, mkiTxvelebi.es saxelmZRvaneloc im zRvis erTi talRaa.

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ilia WavWavaZe

sityva winamZRvrianTkaris sameurneo skolis gaxsnaze

RmerTma rom qveyana gaaCina, dedamiwas guli gadauxsna, Sig auarebeli, uleveli simdidre Caudva da adamians uanderZa: iSrome, gaisarjeo da eg simdidre dedamiwis gulidam amoiRe da Sens sadRegrZelod moixmareo.

TqvenSi da Tqvengan xSirad gamigonia, rom qriste-RmerTma Tavisi kalTa uxve-bisa aq, am Cvens patara qveyanaSi daibRertao. amas imitom amboben, rom Cveni qveyana bevrs sxva qveyanazed ufro mdidaria, ufro savsea. arc Cven TiTona varT uxeiro-ni, RmerTi-rjuli. mklav-ZarRvad kargebi varT, jani da Zal-Ronec mogvdevs, arc xalisi gvaklia. es yvelaferi gvaqvs. es mdidari, patarZalsaviT morTuli qveyana, es janiani, mklav-Zlieri xalxi, gamrjeli da oflis-mRvreli, – maS raRada varT Raribnio? mkiTxavT Tqven.

imitom, rom ar viciT, sad ra simdidre Zevs, sad ra ganZia. ar viciT – saidam ra amoviRoT, ra xerxiT da ostatobiT amoviRoT, rom jafac advili iyos da najafe-vic blomad. aki vambobT, yvelaferi gvaqvs, marto erTi ram gvaklia, saxeldobr – isa, rac Tqvenisave sityviT, TiTon Ronesaca sjobia, rac Zliers mklavs xerxianad amoqmedebs, rac kacis Tvals dedamiwis gulSi Caaxedebs, rac kacs win miuZRveba xolme da utyuarad eubneba: ai, aq es simdidrea, RvTisagan SenTvis mibarebulio, amas am xerxiT, am ostatobiT – ufro advilad, ufro blomad amoiRebo.

magisTana RvTisniers winamZRols codna hqvian. uamisod dedamiwa Tavis uxvs da uxarbels guls ar gadagvixsnis, ise uxvad ar mogvabarebs, ramodenadac CvenTvis mibarebuli aqvs. sxva qveyanaSi, saca codna aqvs xalxsa, oTxis dRis miwa ise uWirve-lad acxovrebs mTels ojaxs, rogorc CvenSi ocisa da ormocis dRis patroni vera scxovrobs. raTa? gana imiTi, rom isini mklav-ZarRviT Cvena gvjobian?! ara, imaT codna aqvT, xerxi ician. „xerxi sjobia Ronesao“, – Tqvenganve Tqmula da marTalic aris.

codna xom xerxia, magram TiTon, Tavis-Tavadac simdidre aris, mere imisTana, rom kaci saca wava, Tan misdevs uxarjod da ubargod, verca vin mohparavs, verca vin win gadudgeba. exlandel droSi codna yvelaferia: fulzedac ufro didi bazari aqvs, xmalzedac ufro metada sWris da zarbazanzedac ufro Zlieria.

amitom vambob, rom codna TiTon, Tavis-Tavadac simdidrea meTqi, mere imis-Tana madliani simdidre, rom rac unda bevrs daurigo, bevrs gauwilado, Sen ara dagakldeba-ra, Tu ar mogemateba. am SemTxvevaSi codna anTebuls sanTelsa hgavs: erTs sanTelzed rom aTass sxva sanTels moukido, sanTels imiT arc ali daaklde-ba, arc sinaTle, arc sicxovle. piriqiT, imatebs kidec, radganac erTis magier aTa-si sxva sanTeli imasTan erTad daiwyebs laplapsa.

sanTels kidev imaSi hgavs codna, rom Tundac cotad bJutavdes Sors sadme bne-laSi, qurds, mparavs, mters afrTxobs, iq sinaTlea, – sCans hRviZavTo, da dagviane-buls moyvares ki axarebs kidev imiT, rom iq RviZilia, mRviZarebi damxvdebiano.

`codna simdidrea~

8

sanTels marto imaSi ara hgavs, rom sanTeli, roca iqneba, Caiwvis da gahqreba xolme; erTxel anTebuli codna ki Tavis-dReSi ara: mamidam Svilzed gadadis, Svi-lidam Svilis-Svilzed, ufro gadidebuli, ufro gaZlierebuli.

codna imiTia kidev kargi, rom iman ufros-umcrosoba ar icis. rogorc sayda-ri, rogorc eklesia, rogorc TiTon RmerTi, – erTnairad Seivedrebs, erTnairad Seikedlebs, erTnairad iSvilebs xolme ZonZebSi gaxveul glexsac da buzmentebiT morTuls Tavadsaca. yvelas erTnairad mouxdeba, yvelas erTnairad daaSvenebs xolme, oRond ki kaci gulmondomili da mowadinebuli mivides codnis karamdisa.

axla sad aris eg kari? rogor SeviZinoT is sanatreli ganZi, romelsac codna hqvian da romelic Cven da Cvens qveyanas egre uWirs? gamovida CvenSi erTi gul-mtkivneuli kaci da gviTxra: gzas me gaCvenebTo, Tqven oRond xalisi gamoiCineTo. is kaci marto Tavisis TaosnobiT, dauRalavis mcdelobiT, TavgamodebiT, mxneo-biT Seudga am Znels saqmes da Tavis sasaxelod da Cvenda sabednierod aq, am sofel-Si, akvani dadga codnis gasazrdelad da ZuZusaTvis ZiZebi moiwvia. is kaci ilia winamZRvariSvilia, is akvani – ai is patara Senobaa, romelic ase lamazad uxdeba am patara sofels, ZiZebi kidev misgan mowveulni ostatebi arian.

1. ras niSnavs sityvebi: `qriste-RmerTma Tavisi kalTa uxve-bisa aq daibRertya~?

2. rad arian qarTvelebi Raribni?3. ra hqvia im `RvTisniers winamZRols~, romelic dedamiwis simdidres

mogvapovebinebs?4. ras hgavs codna?5. riT ar hgavs codna sanTels?6. kidev riT aris codna kargi?7. vin aris is kaci, vinc winamZRvrianTkaris sameurneo skola gaxsna?

moZebne `vikipediaSi~ statia ilia winamZRvriSvilis Se-saxeb. Seni azriT, ratom megobrobdnen ilia WavWavaZe da ilia winamZRvriSvili? Sen gyavs Tanamoazre megobrebi?

gaixsene, bolo dros romeli Tanamedrove mwerlis an politikosis sajaro gamosvla mogismenia? mogewona? ratom?

9

amirani(nawyveti miTidan)

gaizarda amirani, iseTi Ronieri gaxda, miwas umZimda misi tareba. usipi da badri mSvenierebi iyvnen. usips beWebs Sua mze exata, badrs – mTvare.

cota kacia amiran, cota sma Wama eyofa,sadilad buRa kameCi, vaxSmad arc sami eyofa...

amirans Soreuli qali yamari Seuyvarda. is elandeboda sizmarSic da cxadSic. badrs TeTroni sTxova: unda maTxovo Seni TeTroni, yamaris wamosayvanad waval, Tqven Tu wamoxvalT da aseT sikeTes mizamT, zRvis gamoRma momicadeT, zRvas gaval da me moviyvano:

badro, maTxove TeTroni, zRvaSi gavide ngreviTa,gavide, gamoviyvano, qalia TeTri, mze viTa.Tan yurZen gamoviyolo, tkbilia, dedis rZe viTa.

aTxova badrma TeTroni, Zmebic gahyvnen da wavidnen yamaris mosayvanad. amiran-ma Zmebi zRvis gamoRma datova, TviTon ki TeTronze Sejda da Sevida zRvaSi. gaapo zRva, gavida gaRma da gaeSura yamarisaken. gaiara gza da miadga yamaris koSks. koSki zecaSi jaWviT iyo Camokidebuli. yamars ded-mama caSi hyoloda. TviTon martoka iyo. sarkmelTan ijda da WurWels recxavda. avida TeTroniT amirani sarkmelTan da SesZaxa: – Camodi, yamaro, Cvensa wavideTo.

– amodi, cota Seisvene, mec jam-WurWels davrecxav da mere wavideTo, – Camo-sZaxa yamarma. amiranma daaba raSi da TviTon yamarTan avida. yamarma darecxa jamebi da amirans uTxra: – Sen ki daawyve, frTxilad daalage, araferi gatexoo. awyobs amirani jamebs da erTi jami, ramdenjerac pirqve dasdgams, imdenjer gadmobrun-deba gulaRma. gabrazda amirani, dasca wixli urC jams da daamsxvria. gatyda Tu ara jami, mTelma mTels uTxra, natexma natexs, dadga erTi Jriamuli da xmauroba. aiSala WurWeli da sul erTian gaswia cisaken, yamaris mamisaken: yamari moitaces, dagvekarga, mieSveleT, mdevari, mdevario! – is WurWeli Cven kargs ar dagvayriso. mamaCemi gamogvidgeba, advilad ver gadavurCebiTo, – Tqva yamarma.

amiranma Semoisva yamari TeTronze da gaswies. cota gza rom gaiares, saSineli qari amovarda. grigali atyda. amiranma aixeda maRla da Tqva: – am caSi ki araferi niSnebia da am miwis pirze raRa ambaviao. karga gza gaiares da dauSva wvimamac. ami-ranma kidev aixeda caSi da Tqva: – dideba Senda, RmerTo, weRan ca vaTvaliere, saa-vdro ar iyo da axla saidan movida wvimao. – eg qari mamaCemis laSqris fexis mtve-riao, – upasuxa yamarma, – es wvima kidev dedaCemis cremlia, Cems dakargvasa tiriso. aCqardi, amiran, aCqardio, – daaCqara yamarma:

literaturis jadosnuri kari

Zveli da axali gmirebi

10

amiran, gvale-gvalesa, muxlad gaqeben malesa, ambrni, umbrni da arabni cxens Sesxdebian Cqaresa, maledve mogvewevian, oms gagiweven cxaresa...

amiranma daamSvida yamari:

amod iare, yamaro, gzaTa ver dahlev rbeniTa. siZnele bevri Segxvdeba, auwereli eniTa. arca var tyisa xoxobi, mominadiron qoriTa, arca var Walis kurdReli, rom damiWiron mwevriTa, – arca var xisa furceli, gadamitanon qariTa! movlen da mec aq davxvdebi am Cemis gorda xmaliTa, usipiTa da badriTa, mesamiT amiraniTa...

Cavida amirani saomrad da Sexvda pirispir simamrs. Seuties erTmaneTs amiranma da yamaris mamam. sces erTurTs xmali, fari ufares. orives begTari ecva. vercer-Tis xmali vera sWrida jaWvs. amiranis xmali yamaris mamis muzarads rom moxvdebo-da, naperwklis cecxli enTeboda. yamaris mamis xmali amiranis fars rom moxvdebo-da, rkina gveliviT wioda. bolos yamaris daxmarebiT amiranma daamarcxa qajT batoni.

win erTi daWrili qaji Sexvda. naxa xmalamoRebuli amirani da uTxra:Sen rom kaci iyo, xmals Caagebdi da waxvidodi, Zmebs mosZebnidio. moagonda usi-

pis sityva amirans: Senis colisa gulisTvis sul Zmebi davilieniTo.daaviwyda yamaric, Tavisi Tavic da gamarjvebac. gulSi marto Zmebis sagonari

hqonda, – maS Tqveni codvis mzidveli viyo, Tu ar gipovoT, mkvdrebi iqnebiT Tu cocxlebio, – gaivlo gulSi amiranma, – cocxlebi iqnebiT, mec TqvenTan gavixareb, mkvdrebi da – mec TqvenTan gaviTxri samares da TqvenTan movkvdebio! gavida vel-ze Zmebis saZebnelad... ipova, dajda TviTonac imaTTTan da erTxel kidev CasZaxa Zmebs: Zmebo, nu damemdurebiT, mec TqvenTan wamovalo da Tavi moikla...

movarda yamari cremlis RvriT. dastira da dahglova amirans, magram vin iyo misi meSveli. zis da tiris yamari. imisi cremlebi zRvas erTvis, imisi codviT xeebs foTlebi scviva.

11

RmerTma zecidan TeTri yvav-yornebi gamogzavna, gamigeT, miwaze ra xdebao. yvav-yornebma RmerTs uTxres, guTani dgaso. RmerTma maT muguzali esrola da gaaSava. maSin mtredi gamogzavna. mtredma uTxra, erTi mSvenieri mzeTunaxavi Wa-bukebs dastiriso da sisxliani fexebi uCvena. RmerTma maSin Tagvi gamogzavna mis saSvelad. Tagvi daiwyebs amiranis sisxlis lokvas. mouva guli yamars, gaiZrobs qoSs fexidan, dahkravs TavSi Tagvs da iqve moklavs. Tagvis sikvdilze movarda imi-si deda da dauwyo Cxubi da lanZRva yamars. Semdeg gaiqca, miirbin-moirbina, ipo-va raRac erTi balaxi, moitana, wausva Svils, gaacocxla da kiserSi cemiT gaaqana soroSi. adga yamaric, moZebna igive balaxi, moitana, wausva amirans da gaacocxla. adga amirani, moifSvnita Tvalebi da Tqva: – oh, ra bevri mZinebiao. – bevri maSin geZi neboda uTxra yamarma, – rom Tagvi ar gamogvCenodao. mere qalma uambo yve-laferi. gaacocxles badric, usipic da wavidnen saxlSi.

TeTroni – cxenis saxeliagvale-gvalesa – iare swrafadamod – aq: nelasagonari – safiqrali

1. rogori gmiria amirani?2. ra exataT beWebSua usipsa da badris?3. raze iyo Camokidebuli yamaris koSki?4. ras niSnavda gzaSi amovardnili qari da cidan wamosuli wvima? 5. vin daexmara amirans yamaris mamasTan brZolaSi?6. ratom moikla Tavi amiranma?7. rogor gacocxldnen amirani, badri da usipi?

amiranis miTi uxsovar droSi, daaxloebiT xuTi aTasi wlis winaT Seiqmna. amirani qarTvelTa pirveli da yvelaze Zlieri gmiria. is aris nadirobis qalRmerT dalisa da monadiris Svili. man, badrisTan da usipTan erTad, mravali gmiroba Caidina, mravali adamiani gaaTavisuf-la boroti Zalebisagan.

erT dRes amirani RmerTs SeebrZola. amis gamo igi kavkasiis qedzea mijaWvuli.

12

miTi

miTi – es aris uZvelesi ambavi, romelic mogviTxrobs xalxis sayvareli gmirebis Sesaxeb. gmirebis TavgadasavalSi gamoxatu-lia adamianTa fiqrebi da ocnebebi. miTi adamianis fantaziis nayofia.

1. amiranis msgavsi romeli miTologiuri gmiri gaxsendeba?

2. moZebne da waikiTxe berZnuli miTi prome Tes Sesaxeb. riTi hgavs igi amirans?

SeniSvna: amiranis eposis zogierT versi-aSi usips usupi hqvia.

• rogor fiqrob, Tanamedrove samyaro­Si aris iseTi miTi, romelic ara uZveles miTologiur gmirebs, aramed Sens droSi mcxovreb adamianebs ukavSirdeba?

• gaixsene aseTi miTi.

• dayavi miTi epizodebad, daxa-te misi ramdenime scena da moamza-de komiqsi, romelsac Senive skolis umc rosklaselebs warudgen.

13

Sedareba aris mxatvruli xerxi, romlis drosac erTi sagani Sedarebulia meoresTan.

Sedareba arsebobs imisaTvis, rom azri an sagani kidev ufro kargad davinaxoT. magaliTad, amiranis miTSi yamaris Sesaxeb naTqvamia: „qalia TeTri, mze viTa“. es teqstis avtors imisTvis

sWirdeba, rom ufro kargad warmovidginoT yamaris silamaze.Sedareba rom gamovides, amisaTvis avtorebi iyeneben damxmare si-

tyvebsa da Tandebulebs: viTa, viT, TiTqos, ...ebr, hgavs.

daakvirdi poetur frazebs, yvelgan Sedarebaa mocemuli? daasa­buTe.

1. rogorc saZroxe qvabs oxSivari, qarTlis xeobebs asdis nisle­bi./g.leoniZe/

2. da rogorc kartSi aguris qalebs, gqondaT qera Tma da yeli bro­lis./m. gelovani/

3. Tovli iyo iribi, almaceri./g.tabiZe/4. Sen ise Rrma xar, qarTulo cao, Sen ise Rrma xar!/ana kalandaZe/

14

SoTa rusTaveli, „vefxistyaosani“

saqarTvelodan ierusalimamde

SoTa rusTaveli Tamar mefis karze moRvaweobda. meWur-WleTuxucesi anu, dRevandeli terminiT rom vTqvaT, finan-sTa ministri yofila. swavla-ganaTleba saqarTvelosa da sa-berZneTSi miuRia.

„vefxistyaosani“ Tamars uZRvna. am faqtma bevri moSurne gauCina. poeti iZulebuli gaxda, samSoblodan gadaxvewiliyo. ierusalimSi wavida da sicocxlis ukanaskneli wlebi jvris monasterSi gaatara.

ierusalimis jvris monastris svetze axlac aris gamosaxu-li SoTas portreti. aris warwerac: „amis damxatavsa SoTas Seundvnes RmerTman. amin. rusTveli“.

mamuka TavaqaraSvili – kaligrafi, mxatvari, poeti

„vefxistyaosnis“ xelnawerebidan yvelaze Zvelia mamuka TavaqaraSvilis mier 1646 wels gadawerili teqsti. es wigni daculia korneli kekeliZis saxelobis saqarTvelos xelna-werTa erovnul centrSi nomriT H-599.

am xelnawers saintereso istoria aqvs: samegrelos mTa-varma levan meore dadianma omis dros tyved Caigdo imereTis mefis mdivani mamuka TavaqaraSvili. mamukam 23 weli gaatara tyveobaSi. Tumca, am drois ganmavlobaSi usaqmod ar yofi-la. werda leqsebs, Targmnida, xatavda.

1. ra ici SoTa rusTavelis Sesaxeb?2. Seagrove Seni ojaxis wevrebis, mezoblebis,

klaselebis mier moTxrobili ambebi rusTavelis Sesaxeb;3. ipove informacia internetSi;4. moamzade proeqti – „ra vici rusTavelze“.

SoTa rusTaveli didi qarTveli poetia, misi `vefxistyaosani~ sxva mniS­vnelovan ambebTan erTad gmirobis istoriasac mogviTxrobs. avTandilma mego­bris dasaxmareblad Tavi ar dazoga. esec xom didi gmirobaa?

15

Sen ra pasuxs gascemdi? ratom? imsjele.

xalxuri Tqmuleba gadmogvcems

erTxel Tamar mefes poetebis Sejibrebaze aseTi SekiTxva dausvams: „ra ufro amSvenebs adamians, war-momavloba Tu piradi Rirseba?“

yvela poets erTxmad upasuxia, ra Tqma unda, war-momavlobao! kacma rom Tqvas, gasakviric ar unda yofiliyo. maT winaSe mefe idga da pativi miages mis brwyinvale gvariSvilobas. mxolod SoTa rus-Tavels gamouTqvams gansxvavebuli azri. mas leqsad upasuxia:

aTasad gvari dafasda, aTi aTasad zrdiloba,Tu kaci TviTon ar varga, ras argebs gvariSviloba!

Tamars moswonebia SoTas pasuxi da mTavari jil-doc misTvis gadaucia.

levan dadianis davalebiT man gadawera SoTa rusTavelis poema. es moxda 1646 wels. „Tu ram akl-des, nuravin damwyevliT, tyveobaSid vwerdi“. – es sityvebi miuweria mamukas xelnaweris bolos.

mamuka TavaqaraSvilis daxatulia SoTa rusTave-lis portreti da 38 ilustracia, romlebic „vefx-istyaosnis“ xelnawerSia CarTuli.

16

samTa TaTbiri

tarieli, avTandili da nuradin-fridoni sa-maskaciani laSqriT qajeTis cixes miadgnen. maT tyveobidan unda gamoixsnan nestan-darejani – tarielis satrfo.

qajeTis cixis aReba ioli saqme ar aris. mar-to Sesasvlels aTi aTasi meomari icavs. amitom megobrebi TaTbiroben, rogor aiRon cixe.

TaTbiri nuradin­fridonisa

fridon Tqva: `ityvi sityvasa, veWv, Cemi ar damcdaria.Cven cotani varT, qalaqi didTagan saomaria;piris-pir omi ar Zal-gvic, ar-Jami sakvexaria,aTas wel versiT SevuvalT, Tu zed dagvixSan karia.

Cemsa simcrosa gamzrdelni samuSaiTod mzrdidian,maswavlnes maTi saqmeni, maxltunebdian, mwvrTidian;asre gavidi sabelsa, rom Tvalni ver momkidian,vinca mWvretdian ymawvilni, igica inatridian.

aw vinca viciT ukeTe Setyorca sagdebelisa,man erTsa burjsa gardvagdoT wveri sablisa grZelisa,mas zeda gavla asre miCs, viTa garbena velisa,Tqven Wirad giyo SiganTa povna kacisa mrTelisa.

abjriTa gavla arad miCs Wirad gatana farisa;Sigan Cavxltebi kiskasad, vecemi msgavsad qarisa,laSqarTa davxoc, gavaxvam, hnaxoT gaReba karisa!Tqvenca mun modiT, sadaca gesmas zriali zarisa~.

waikiTxe SoTa rusTavelis poemis nawyveti, romelic tarielis, avTandili­sa da fridonis gmirobaze gviambobs da dafiqrdi, es personaJebi raime Tvise­biT amirans xom ar gagoneben?

17

samuSaiTod – sajambazodsagdebeli – maryuJiani TokimiCs – mgoniagavaxvam – gavxsnimun – iqzari – Rriali, yiJina

1. nuradin-fridonis azriT, ratom aris SeuZlebeli qa-jebTan omis dawyeba pirispir SebmiT?

2. ras aswavlidnen pataraobisas nuradin-fridons?3 rogor apirebs nuradin-fridoni qajeTis cixis karis gaRebas?

mixai ziCi,

`nestan-darejanis

gaTavisufleba~

irakli ToiZe,

`samTa TaTbiri~