1

Video Systems-presentation-

DR INZ. ZDZISŁAW PÓLKOWSKI

Polkowice-2015

University of Pitesti andDolnośląska Wyższa Szkoła Przedsiębiorczości i Techniki w

Polkowicach

STUDENT: CONSTANTIN IONUT

Overview of a network video system A network video system comprises many different components, such as network cameras, video encoders and video management software. The other components including the network, storage and servers are all standard IT equipment.

Network video, often also called IP-based video surveillance or IP-Surveillance as it is applied in the security industry, uses a wired or wireless IP network as the backbone for transporting digital video, audio and other data.

When Power over Ethernet (PoE) technology is applied, the network can also be used to carry power to network video products. A network video system allows video to be monitored and recorded from anywhere on the network, whether it is, for instance, on a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN) such as the Internet.

www.axis.com 2

3

What is video surveillance?

• Present Implementations?– Human detection systems.– vehicle monitoring systems.

• Advantages of video surveillance?– Keep track of information video data for future use.– Helpful in identifying people in the crime scenes etc..

• Disadvantages of the present system?– It’s difficult to maintain heavy amount of raw video data– Human interaction.– Require higher bandwidth for transmitting the visual data.

4

The components of a video surveillance system Video Surveillance

Every video surveillance deployment is made up of cameras, video management software, servers, and storage. The IP network is then the fifth element that ties all these components into a converged network infrastructure. The relationship is shown in Figure 3-1.

Figure 3-1 Components of IP Video Surveillance Deployments

http://www.cisco.com/

5

Video Surveillance

The IP video surveillance application intersects with the network infrastructure by connecting endpoints, IP cameras, workstations, servers and storage physically to the network. From a network planning and design standpoint, it is important to understand the flow of both media and command and control functions between the components. Video surveillance has two main baseline functions: live viewing and real-time monitoring of video feeds, and retrieval and viewing of video as a post-event investigation. Forensic video analysis is used to examine and analyze video for use in legal proceedings. Some video may require one type or the other, or both. Traffic cameras may have the sole purpose of identifying congestion and have no need for archive or retention of the video data. An enterprise video deployment may have both live viewing of selected cameras with all cameras being archived. Other deployments may be "headless," meaning there is only archiving, but no living viewing.

http://www.cisco.com/

6

Intersections to IP Video Surveillance Functions

The primary video surveillance functions are:

Capture—Encoding video feeds for network transport

Move—Camera feeds are moved from camera to one or more servers for processing

Manage—Administration of cameras, setting up archives, configuring operator views, etc

Archive—Storing real-time camera feeds to disk for later retrieval

View—Viewing either live or archived feeds

These functions are shown in Figure 3-2.

http://www.cisco.com

7

Something of each component from video systems

The standalone DVRs or PC type - are the equipment that processes, stores and largely controls the video surveillance system, they are of two types: standalone and tip PC.

http://www.projectorcentral.com

8

Security Surveillance: Standalone vs. PC-based DVR Packages

• Regardless of whether you are looking to install security surveillance in to your home or business, you will need to know the difference between standalone DVR packages and PC-based DVR packages. A surveillance system consists of surveillance cameras that feed into a recorder.

• Every video surveillance deployment is made up of cameras, video management software, servers, and storage. The IP network is then the fifth element that ties all these components into a converged network infrastructure.

http://tech.co/security-surveillance-standalone-vs-pc-based-dvr-packages-2014-09

9

Everything You Need to Know About Home Surveillance Equipment

• Home video surveillance equipment is for everybody. you don't need to have more money for buy this system because now, in our days prices are becoming more and more lows.

• Before buying home surveillance equipment, you need to decide on certain factors. Choose between an indoor or outdoor system, decide on a number of cameras, pick out desired features, and choose a storage system. Buying video surveillance equipment does not require a lot of technical knowledge but it does require a bit of research. Consumers can find home surveillance equipment in electronic stores and speciality monitoring shops. But, in my opinion, the best choice is to search on the internet, because there are many sites that offer the best conditions with lower prices than in the shops.

www.ebay.com

www.pinterest.com

10

Traffic Monitoring in Computer Vision

• The quest for better traffic information, an increasing reliance on traffic surveillance has resulted in a better vehicle detection.

• Taking some intelligent actions based on the conditions.

• Traffic scene analysis in 3 categories.– A strait forward vehicle detection and

counting system .– Congestion monitoring and traffic scene

analysis.– Vehicle classification and tracking

systems which involve much more detailed scene traffic analysis.

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/

11

Responsibilities of reliable Traffic Monitoring System

• Adaptive to changes in the real world environments• Easy to set up• Capable of operating independently of human operators.• Capable of intelligent decisions.• Capable of monitoring multiple cameras and continuous operation.

• Reasons for unsuccessful implementation**

http://www.advantech.com.br/

12

On-line tracking and grouping

• Detector– Detecting corners at the bottom of

image, where brightness varies in more than one direction.

– Detection operationalzed by the points in the image I

• Tracker– Uses kalman filters to predict the

velocity in the next image.– Normalized correlation is used to

search the small region of image.• Group

– Grouper uses common motion constraint.

– Once all the corner features are identified they are grouped together.

– Monitoring the distance between the point d(t)=P1(t)-p2(t)

http://www.brookings.edu/

13

Sample corner features identified by the tracker

Sample feature tracks from the tracker

Sample feature groups from the tracker

1

2

3

Transportation research part-c/ A real time computer vision system for Traffic monitoring and vehicle tracking – B.coifman, J.Malik etc..

14

Why Use IP for Video?

• Flexibility – One network for e-mail, file transfer, instant messaging, voice, video

• Cost – Very inexpensive in local area, reasonable in metro and wide area

• Ubiquity – Reach anywhere in the world, vast majority of businesses and most households have Internet connections

http://www.jvsg.com/

15

A Few Key Terms

• IPTV – Internet Protocol TV– Uses private networks, set top boxes (STBs)– Closely resembles CATV and DTH Satellite

• Internet Video– Uses public networks, PC’s or network appliances

• Mobile TV– Video delivery to mobile phone handsets– Can be IP data or broadcast (DVB-H)

http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-a-function-basics-and-key-terms.html

16

Video Compression

• All digital video is delivered to consumers in compressed form– Broadcast TV (DTV, HDTV), Satellite TV, IPTV, CATV, Internet

Video, DVD and HD-DVD• MPEG-2 is only approved format for Broadcast TV• MPEG-4 is often used in IPTV• Other formats include WM9 (VC1)

Video Rate ComparisonUncompressed HD Video – 1485 MbpsUncompressed SD Video – 270 MbpsVideo Cameras – 25, 50, 100 MbpsHD-DVD – 30 Mbps, DVD – 8MbpsMPEG-2: HD 12-20 Mbps, SD 3-8 MbpsMPEG-4: HD 6-10 Mbps, SD 1.5-3 Mbps

http://www.movavi.com/support/how-to/video-compression.html

17

Internet Video vs. IPTV

• Related terms, with different meanings– Both refer to video delivery over IP networks– Both used compressed video with decoders located at the

viewers’ premises– Both can be used for live, pre-recorded and Video-on-Demand

(VoD) applications– But, significant differences exist

Internet Video

• Wide range of sources, compression techniques - Viewed on personal computer or network appliance• Must operate over unreliable network - Delayed or missing packets - Wide range of connection speeds• Dedicated stream to each viewer (no multicast)

18

Internet Video Streaming Architecture

http://groups.geni.net/geni/wiki/IMF

19

Video Systems