Unrest in Asia and Africa

The Effects of Nationalism

Chinese Background

China in 1800s– Qing Dynasty– Opium Wars (Unequal Treaties)– Taiping Rebellion (Qing lost Mandate?)– Spheres of Influence– Boxer Rebellion (1900)– 1911 Revolution

Emperor abdicates Yuan Shikai becomes first president new Republic of

China Warlords have lots of power too…turmoil ensues

China angry over WWI Settlement

China declared war on Germany in 1917 hoping the Allies would give them back German controlled Chinese territory

Allies gave territory to Japan instead!!!

May 4th Movement

Chinese protest! Thousands demand

change…strikes and protests

Communist Party formed 1921 as alternative to nationalists

Two Major Chinese Groups

Partner to fight Chinese Warlords

Guomindang = nationalists led by Chiang Kai Shek

Communists = Communists led by Mao Zedong

Guomindang fights Communists

Chiang Kai Shek thinks Communists have too much power

In 1927 kills thousands of them…Chinese Civil War begins!

The Long March http://www.youtube.co

m/watch?v=kMM8OzlnFYA

Mao Zedong leads 100,000 Communists on 6000 mile march to escape Guomindang and preserve Communism

Only 8,000 survive!

India Pre WWI British territory since 1700s British East India Co. (Indirect Rule)

– Changes Sepoy Rebellion 1858- Raj

– ICS Indian National Congress (1885)

– Nationalism growing (Swadeshi)– Muslim League (1906)

India

India

Indian soldiers fought for the British Army in WWI

They expected that Britain would give India freedom

This did not happen!

Indian people protest British rule

Thousands protest British rule in violation of British law

Rowlatt Acts April1919…Amritsar

Massacre…400 killed

Gandhi’s influence

Teaches – Civil Disobedience– Ahimsa

Boycott British goods – Homespun

Movement Salt March 1935-Limited

Degree of Self-Rule

Middle East Pre WWI

Ottoman Territory dating back to 1400s Control everything from Turkey to

Middle East to North Africa During War- Armenian Genocide

Middle East After WWI Kemal

Ataturk creates an independent Turkish nation out of the defeated Ottoman Empire

Goes against Peace Plan

Modernized Turkey…made it secular -no Muslim influence

Middle East

Reza Khan becomes Shah Pahlavi of Persia and renames country Iran (1935)

Turns Iran into a modern state focused on education/industry

Mandates Post - WWI

French and British Mandates Arab nationalists wanted

independent Arab state from Syria to Yemen

Jewish Nationalists-Zionism-rebuild a Jewish state in ancient Jewish homeland

1917- Balfour Declaration- British government declared its support for a Jewish homeland in Palestine

Instead, this area given to French and British

Arabs and Jews angry

Jewish immigration to area increases

With rise of Hitler in Europe… thousands of Jews escape to Palestine

Zionism…idea of a Jewish national home

Arabs upset that their land given away!

Nationalism in Africa

Africans served in the European military during WWI

Expected to be rewarded for their service

No Africans involved in Post WWI settlement!

Working for Independence

Pan-African Conferences demand independence

Egyptian protests lead Britain to give up Egypt (1922)