THE INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF HEADACHE DISORDERS 2ND

EDITION 1ST REVISION (MAY 2005)

Primary Headache Disorders

Migrain Migraine without aura

Migraine with aura-Typical aura with migraine headache    -Typical aura with non-migraine headache-Typical aura without headache                - Familial hemiplegic migraine(FHM)                 - Sporadic hemiplegic migraine- Basilar-type migraineChildhood periodic syndromes- Cyclical vomiting- Abdominal migraine- Benign paroxysmal vertigo of childhoodRetinal migraineComplications of migraine- Chronic migraine- Status migrainosus- Persistent aura without infarction- Migrainous infarction- Migraine-triggered seizures

Probable migraine- Probable migraine without aura- Probable migraine with aura- Probable chronic migraine

Infrequent episodic tension-type headacheTension-type headache

- Infrequent episodic tension-type headache associated with pericranial tenderness- Infrequent episodic tension-type headache not associated with pericranial tendernessFrequent episodic tension-type headache- Frequent episodic tension-type headache associated with pericranial tenderness- Frequent episodic tension-type headache not associated with pericranial tendernessChronic tension-type headache- Chronic tension-type headache associated with

pericranial tenderness- Chronic tension-type headache not associated with pericranial tendernessProbable tension-type headache- Probable infrequent episodic tension-type headache- Probable frequent episodic tension-type headache- Probable chronic tension-type headacheCluster headache

Cluster headache and other trigeminal autonomic cephalgias

- Episodic cluster headache- Chronic cluster headache

Paroxysmal hemicranias

- Episodic paroxysmal hemicranias - Chronic paroxysmal hemicrania (CPH)Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT)Probable trigeminal autonomic cephalgia- Probable cluster headache- Probable paroxysmal hemicranias- Probable SUNCT

4. Other primary headache

Primary stabbing headache

Primary cough headachePrimary exertional headachePrimary headache associated with sexual activity- Preorgasmic headache- Orgasmic headacheHypnic headachePrimary thunderclap headacheHemicrania continuaNew daily-persistent headache (NDPH

Secondary Headache Disorders

Headache attributed to head and/or neck trauma            

Acute post-traumatic headache

- Acute post-traumatic headache attributed to moderate or

severe head injury- Acute post-traumatic headache attributed to mild head injuryChronic post-traumatic headache-Chronic post-traumatic headache attributed to moderate or severe head injury- Chronic post-traumatic headache attributed to mild head injurAcute headache attributed to whiplash injuryChronic headache attributed to whiplash injuryHeadache attributed to traumatic intracranial haematoma- Headache attributed to epidural haematoma- Headache attributed to subdural haematomaHeadache attributed to other head and/or neck trauma- Acute headache attributed to other head and/or neck trauma- Chronic headache attributed to other head and/or neck trauma

Post-craniotomy headache- Acute post-craniotomy headache- Chronic post-craniotomy headacheHeadache attributed to ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack

Headache attributed to cranial or cervical vascular disorder                    

Headache attributed to ischaemic stroke (cerebral infarction)6.1.2                    Headache attributed to transient ischaemic attack (TIA)

Headache attributed to non-traumatic intracranial haemorrhage- Headache attributed to intracerebral haemorrhage-Headache attributed to subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH)Headache attributed to unruptured vascular malformation- Headache attributed to saccular aneurysm- Headache attributed to arteriovenous malformation - Headache attributed to dural arteriovenous fistula- Headache attributed to cavernous angioma- Headache attributed to encephalotrigeminal or leptomeningeal angiomatosis (Sturge Weber syndrome)

Headache attributed to arteritis- Headache attributed to giant cell arteritis (GCA)- Headache attributed to primary central nervous system (CNS) angiitis- Headache attributed to secondary central nervous system (CNS) angiitisCarotid or vertebral artery pain- Headache or facial or neck pain attributed to arterial dissection- Post-endarterectomy headache- Carotid angioplasty headache- Headache attributed to intracranial endovascular procedures- Angiography headache

Headache attributed to cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT)Headache attributed to other intracranial vascular disorder- Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL)- Mitochondrial Encephalopathy, Lactic Acidosis and Stroke-like episodes (MELAS)- Headache attributed to benign angiopathy of the central nervous system- Headache attributed to pituitary apoplexy

Headache attributed to non-vascular intracranial disorder

Headache attributed to high cerebrospinal fluid pressure

- Headache attributed to idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH)- Headache attributed to intracranial hypertension secondary to metabolic, toxic or hormonal causes- Headache attributed to intracranial hypertension secondary to hydrocephalusHeadache attributed to low cerebrospinal fluid pressure- Post-dural puncture headache- CSF fistula headache

- Headache attributed to spontaneous (or idiopathic) low CSF pressure

Headache attributed to non-infectious inflammatory disease- Headache attributed to neurosarcoidosis- Headache attributed to aseptic (non-infectious) meningiti- Headache attributed to other non-infectious inflammatory disease- Headache attributed to lymphocytic hypophysitis

Headache attributed to intracranial neoplasm- Headache attributed to increased intracranial pressure or hydrocephalus caused by neoplasm- Headache attributed directly to neoplasm- Headache attributed to carcinomatous meningitis- Headache attributed to hypothalamic or pituitary hyper- or hyposecretion Headache attributed to intrathecal injectionHeadache attributed to epileptic seizure - Hemicrania epileptic- Post-seizure headacheHeadache attributed to Chiari malformation type I (CM1)Syndrome of transient Headache and Neurological Deficits with cerebrospinal fluid Lymphocytosis (HaNDL)Headache attributed to other non-vascular intracranial disorderHeadache induced by acute substance use or exposure

Headache attributed to a substance or its withdrawal

- Nitric oxide (NO) donor-induced headache- Immediate NO donor-induced headache- Delayed NO donor-headache- Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor-induced headache- Carbon monoxide-induced headache- Alcohol-induced headache- Immediate alcohol-induced headache-Delayed alcohol-induced headache- Headache induced by food components and additives- Monosodium glutamate-induced headache- Cocaine-induced headache- Cannabis-induced headache- Histamine-induced headache- Immediate histamine-induced headache- Delayed histamine-induced headache- Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-induced

headache- Immediate CGRP-induced headache- Delayed CGRP-induced headache- Headache as an acute adverse event attributed to medication used for other indications- Headache attributed to other acute substance use or exposure

Medication-overuse headache (MOH)- Ergotamine-overuse headache- Triptan-overuse headache - Analgesic-overuse headache- Opioid-overuse headache- Combination analgesic-overuse headache- Medication-overuse headache attributed to combination of acute medications- Headache attributed to other medication overuse - Probable medication-overuse headacheHeadache as an adverse event attributed to chronic medication- Exogenous hormone-induced headacheHeadache attributed to substance withdrawal- Caffeine-withdrawal headache- Opioid-withdrawal headache- Oestrogen-withdrawal headache- Headache attributed to withdrawal from chronic use of other substances

Headache attributed to infection

Headache attributed to intracranial infection

- Headache attributed to bacterial meningitis- Headache attributed to lymphocytic meningitis- Headache attributed to encephalitis- Headache attributed to brain abscess- Headache attributed to subdural empyemaHeadache attributed to systemic infection

- Headache attributed to systemic bacterial infection- Headache attributed to systemic viral infection- Headache attributed to other systemic infectionHeadache attributed to HIV/AIDSChronic post-infection headacheChronic post-bacterial meningitis headache

Headache attributed to disorder of

Headache attributed to hypoxia and/or hypercapnia

homeostasis- High-altitude headache- Diving headache- Sleep apnoea headacheDialysis headache

Headache attributed to arterial hypertension

- Headache attributed to phaeochromocytoma- Headache attributed to hypertensive crisis without hypertensive encephalopathy- Headache attributed to hypertensive encephalopathy- Headache attributed to pre-eclampsia- Headache attributed to eclampsia- Headache attributed to acute pressor response to an exogenous agent

Headache attributed to hypothyroidismHeadache attributed to fastingCardiac cephalalgiaHeadache attributed to other disorder of homoeostasis

Headache or facial pain attributed to disorder of cranium, neck, eyes, ears, nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth or other facial or cranial structures

Headache attributed to disorder of cranial bone

Headache attributed to disorder of neck- Cervicogenic headache- Headache attributed to retropharyngeal tendonitis- Headache attributed to craniocervical dystonia

Headache attributed to disorder of eyes- Headache attributed to acute glaucoma- Headache attributed to refractive errors- Headache attributed to heterophoria or heterotropia (latent or manifest squint)- Headache attributed to ocular inflammatory disorderHeadache attributed to disorder of earsHeadache attributed to rhinosinusitisHeadache attributed to disorder of teeth, jaws or related structuresHeadache or facial pain attributed to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorderHeadache attributed to other disorder of cranium, neck, eyes, ears, nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth or other

facial or cervical structuresHeadache attributed to psychiatric disorder

Headache attributed to somatisation disorder

Headache attributed to psychotic disorderCranial Neuralgias, Central and Primary Facial Pain and Other HeadacheCranial neuralgias and central causes of facial pain other centrally mediated facial pain

Trigeminal neuralgia-Classical trigeminal neuralgia- Symptomatic trigeminal neuralgiaGlossopharyngeal neuralgia- Classical glossopharyngeal neuralgia- Symptomatic glossopharyngeal neuralgia Nervus intermedius neuralgiaSuperior laryngeal neuralgiaNasociliary neuralgiaSupraorbital neuralgiaOther terminal branch neuralgiasOccipital neuralgiaNeck-tongue syndromeExternal compression headacheCold-stimulus headache- Headache attributed to external application of a cold stimulus- Headache attributed to ingestion or inhalation of a cold stimulusConstant pain caused by compression, irritation or distortion of cranial nerves or upper cervical roots bystructural lesionsOptic neuritis Ocular diabetic neuropathyHead or facial pain attributed to herpes zoster- Head or facial pain attributed to acute herpes zoster- Post-herpetic neuralgia   Tolosa-Hunt syndromeOphthalmoplegic “migraine”Central causes of facial pain- Anaesthesia dolorosa- Central post-stroke pain- Facial pain attributed to multiple sclerosis- Persistent idiopathic facial pain- Burning mouth syndromeOther cranial neuralgia

Other headache, cranial neuralgia, central or primary facial pain

Headache not elsewhere classifiedHeadache unspecified

Source: International Headache Society (HIS) – The International Classification of Headache Disorders 2nd Edition 1st Revision (May 2005)