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THNG TIN BT CN XNG V H QU CA NGVHD: Th.S Phm ng HunNI DUNG BI
THUYT TRNHKHI NIMGII PHPNGUYN NHN &H QU
4. H QUA2 . Rui ro ao c ( tm ly y lai ) Moral Hazard1. La chon
bt li hay la chon ngc hay Adverse Selection - AC
Khi nimKhi nim v Thng tin bt cn xngV d minh haS lc lch s4
Khi nimThng tin bt cn xng l tnh trng trong mt giao dch c mt bn c
thng tin y hn v tt hn so vi bn cn li.
ng ng nh Hip, mt nh u t chuyn nghip trn sn SSI, mt t 186 triu ng
khi u t vo AVF (CTCP Vit An). Mua gi 8.000 ng/c phiu AVF ln k hoch
pht hnh c phiu cho c ng hin hu vi gi ch 5.000 ng. Li thm bi cnh ngh
c liu xiu ng Hip quyt nh bn ct l. Trc 10 ngy, B Cng Thng ra mt quyt
nh h tr ngnh ny trong lc kh khn. Nhng thng tin ch mi c trong ni b,
khng c pht ra ngoi. Khi nimV d
Khi nimV dTrongbo co ti chnhQ3/2013, Microsoft khng thng bo v
nhu cu thp v tnh hnh kinh doanh m m ca Surface RT. Microsoft cng
khng ni v lng tn kho ca Surface RT v cc chi ph c lin quan.Microsoft
cng vi phm cc quy tc k ton trong bo co ny, dn n cc thng tin "sai v
gy hiu lm".Bo co ln y ban Chng khon cho Q3/2013 ca Microsoft khng
cp n xu hng lin quan n Surface RT.
Thng tin bt cn xng bt u c cp trong mt bi bo kinh in xut bn vo nm
1970 ca nh kinh t hc ngi M George Akerlof.KHI NIMS lc v lch s
George Akerlof v bi bo ca ngKHI NIMS lc v lch s
KHI NIMS lc v lch s
Michael Spence Job-Market Signaling 1973Thut ng Singnaling
KHI NIMS lc v lch sJoseph StiglizNgi tng gi chc ph ch tch WB pht
trin thut ng Screening
tng v thng tin bt cn xng c chun ha do cng ca 3 nh kinh t George
Akerlof, Michael Spence v Joseph Stigliz(Tri sang phi). Cc ng u ot
gii Nobel kinh t nm 2001 nh nhng nghin cu v l thuyt ny.
KHI NIMS lc v lch s
Nguyn nhnKhch quan Theo Joseph Stiglitz, do nhng ch th kinh t
khc nhau quan tm ti nhng i tng khc nhau v thng tin ca h khi v cng
mt i tng s khc nhauMc chnh lch v thng tin ty thuc vo c cu, c trng
ca th trng.Ch quan Cc ch th kinh t tham gia giao dch c th c tnh che
giu thng tin t c li th trong m phn giao dch. 134. H QUA2 . Rui ro
ao c ( tm ly y lai ) Moral Hazard1. La chon bt li hay la chon ngc
hay Adverse Selection - AC
H quLa chn bt li - Adverse Selection Ri ro o c Moral HazardVn
ngi y quyn - ngi tha hnh14
H QULa chn bt liLa chn bt li l hnh ng xy ra trc khi k kt hp ng
ca bn c nhiu thng tin c th gy tn hi cho bn t thng tin hn.V d v th
trng xe hi c
H QULa chn bt liMi cc bn theo di ClipPhn tch th trng nhng qu
chanh - V d in hnh v s la chn ngc.
H QULa chn bt liThng 3/2013, cng ty sa Lier (Trung Quc) c hnh vi
lm gi sa ca hng Hero (Thy S)Cc hnh vi ca cc nh sn xut sa nu trn nh
hng nghim trng n sc khe ngi tiu dng. Mt s ca t vong c ghi nhn. y,
ta co th hiu giao dich xay ra khi ngi tiu dung mua san phm sa va la
chon ngc chinh la vic ngi tiu dung mong mun mua c san phm tt gi y
lai mua nhm sa gi, sa kem cht lng.
H QULa chn bt li
H QULa chn bt liCng ty BH c th s k hp ng tr tin cao cho i tng BH
nhiu nguy c
H QULa chn bt liBn mua phi gnh chu bt li khi mua phi t hay nh
khng tt.
H QULa chn bt li
L mt trong nhng l do ca tnh hnh n xu v tng trng tn dng m m.H
QULa chn bt liNhng ngi i vay tim n ri ro cao li l nhng ngi tch cc
trong vic tm kim khon vay
H QULa chn bt liT l n xu Nhm TCTD Vit Nam 3,44%Ngn hng thng mi
nh nc3,62% Ngn hng thng mi c phn2,44% Cng ty ti chnh3,11% Cng ty
cho thu ti chnh51,7% T l n xu ca cc TCTD ti Vit Nam Ngun: nh hng v
gii php c cu li h thng ngn hng Vit Nam 2011-2015
H QULa chn bt liMt s nh u t khng bit r tnh hnh hot ng kinh doanh
ca cng ty1Ch cng ty bit r nht v tnh hnh kinh doanh ca mnh2 Ngi
trong cng ty pht hnh chng khon hay ni b CT c hi tip cn vi nhng thng
tin khng cng b 3
H QURi ro o c
H QURi ro o cRi ro o c ny sinh khi bn c u th thng tin hiu c tnh
th thng tin bt cn xng gia cc bn giao dch v t nhin hnh thnh ng c hnh
ng theo hng lm li cho bn thn bt k hnh ng c th lm hi cho bn km u th
thng tin.
H QURi ro o c- Gim st khng y ca chnh ph c th dn ti tham nhng, s
dng lng ph ngn sch.- Gim st khng y ca bn cung cp dch v bo him c th
dn ti ri ro o c bn c bo him, l vic h thay i hnh vi ca mnh khc i so
vi hnh vi m bn cung cp dch v bo him nhn thc c khi k hp ng bo
him.
Tnh hung:14/11/2011 Cng ty bo him Vin ng (VASS) Ninh Bnh cp Giy
chng nhn bo him vt cht xe cho ch xe A. Sau khi mua bo him 46 ngy,
ch xe gi thng bo tai nn v yu cu bi thng. Qua qu trnh tm hiu, chic
xe b tai nn t trc, ri mi mua bo him sau sp t vic khai bo i bo him
bi thng.=> L hng ln nht trong v vic ny chnh l:Khai thc vin bo
him khng bit v ch quan hay c ng c khc khi khng thy xe m vn bn bo
him
H QURi ro o cMt dng c bit ca hin tng ri ro o c l vn y thc: Bn y
thc l bn km u th thng tin, cn bn c y thc (i l) l bn c u th thng
tin. Bn c y thc t nhin ny sinh ng c hnh ng theo hng m bn y thc cho
l khng ph hp.
H QUVn ngi y quyn-ngi tha hnhTrong mt c cu doanh nghip thng
thng, ch s hu (ngi y quyn) thu cc nh qun l (ngi tha hnh) v trao cho
h mt s quyn iu hnh doanh nghip.
H QUVn ngi y quyn-ngi tha hnhy l mt trng hp c bit v n bao gm c
la chn bt li v ri ro o c. Nh qun l cng ty c thin hng hnh ng c li
ring mnh hn l v quyn li ca cc c ng cn li, bi nh qun l khng c ng lc
nhm ti a ha li nhun cng ty nh cc c ng mong mun.
H QUVn ngi y quyn-ngi tha hnhng Ang BVn 10%90%Tng vn100 triu ngV
trNgi tha hnhNgi y quyn
H QUVn ngi y quyn-ngi tha hnhng Ang BTng li50 triu ngLi5 triu
ng45 triu ngVn ng A cho rng 5 triu ng ny l khng hp l v ng A l ngi
iu hnh hot ng doanh nghip to ra s tin ny4. H QUA2 . Rui ro ao c (
tm ly y lai ) Moral Hazard1. La chon bt li hay la chon ngc hay
Adverse Selection - AC
Gii phpC ch pht tn hiuC ch sng lcC ch gim st34
GII PHPC ch pht tn hiuBn c u th thng tin tm cch h tr bn km u th
v vic nm bt trn vn nht thng tin m h mun truyn ti thng qua cc cng c
h tr.
GII PHPC ch pht tn hiuNgi i vay phi pht tn hiu ngn hng hiu v
thng qua vic cho vayKhch hng c nhn: tn hiu pht i l chng minh thu
nhp, ti sn m bo Khch hng doanh nghip: Tn hiu l quy m cng ty, lnh vc
hot ng, bo co ti chnh
GII PHPC ch sng lcBn c t thng tin hn c th thu thp thng tin t bn
kia bng cch a ra cc iu kin giao dch hp ng khc nhau.
GII PHP C ch sng lcNgn hng p dng hn mc tn dng khc nhau cho cc i
tng v k hn vay khc nhau.Cng ty Bo him cung cp cc loi hp ng bo him v
mc ph bi thng khc nhauTrn TT chng khon, nh u t la chn u t vo cc CT
c thng tin minh bch, r rng, lm n c hiu qu
GII PHPC ch gim st
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