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Dental caries status offirst permanent molars of

six and twelve year old Filipinos

Authors:

Zenaida B. Amirhussin, DMD., M.P.H

Viela B. Parial, D.M.D., M.P.H., Dip in perio

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INTRODUCTION

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A study on the dental caries prevalence in 6-

year molar has not been done since the

publication of Dr. Aleli Anenias-Vida in 1977.

This subject of research is one of the concerns

of the Dental Profession in the Philippines

because of the absence of documented

national data.

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Such information can serve as a reference in

developing a policy in dental care on how to

keep these teeth in the oral cavity in order to

reduce orthodontic problems which will arise

as a result of its early loss.

orthodontic treatment is very expensive and

majority of the Filipinos cannot afford it.

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METHODSAND

MATERIALS

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Data were collected from 6 and 12 year-old.

Subjects examined during conduction of First

National Monitoring Evaluation Dental Survey

in 1982.

Survey was undertaken nationwide in 54

sampling points.

In every region, an urban and rural community

were represented ( Metro Manila urban only).

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OBJECTIVES

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a) General objectives:

To assess the dental caries status of thepermanent first molars of 6 and 12 years oldFilipinos.

b) Specific objectives:

1. To determine the caries experience.

2. To investigate the extent and severity of dentalcaries.

3. To establish the attack rate of dental cariesbetween the ages of 6 to 12 year-old.

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DISCUSSION

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Total number of subjects examined is 1,491

represents about one third of actual

population of six and twelve years old in 54

sampling sites throughout the country.

Prevalence of dental caries

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75.92 percent ( 1,132 ) were found with dental

caries on their permanent first molars.

among six year old: 58.82 percent

among 12 years old: 90.93 percent

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The greatest of the problem could be traced

to the fact that greatest percent of Filipino

children especially those belonging to the low

income families has malnourishment.

Prohibitive cost of food nowadays result in

lesser calorie and protein intakes in many

Filipinos.

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Protein deficiency during developmental

period can influence susceptibility of

subsequently formed teeth to dental caries.

The effect of malnourishment on teeth of

school children can be aggravated by their

fondness of eating cariogenic snacks.

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Number of carious permanent first

molars

It is sad to note that majority of the six year-

old subjects examined had two (2) DMF first

molars.

15.09 percent had 4 DMF.

The rest had either one or more than three

DMF.

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Majority of 12 year-old subjects examined

(44.74%) were found with four DMF first

molars.

Its is dissatisfying to observe that only 11.35

percent had one DMF first molars.

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The increased number of first molars attacked

with dental caries from six year to 12 year-old

subjects tends to support the trend of

affection of the disease that dental caries

develops fast on teeth of children.

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Dental caries status of permanent

first molars

Of 1,574 erupted first molars of six year-old

subjects only 41.04 percent was caries free.

The rest were either decayed, missing or filled.

The greatest bulk of first molars with dental

caries experience were those decayed

indicated for fillings, a smaller portion were

indicated for extraction.

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According to national health survey in 1987

Reasons for not seeking dental treatment:

Financial limitations

FearNon-availability or in-accessibility of dental

services

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Upper and lower permanent first

molars

DANGER AREAS:

Caries develop most frequently in certain specific

sites of stagnation, probably in direct proportion

to the ability for plaque or plaque-like condition

to form and to persist in such regions.

subject of close scrutiny during clinical

examination.

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Main danger areas:

o The occlusal surface of mandibular molars has

three pits namely, the central, mesial, and

distal pits.

o The occlusal surface of maxillary molars has

only one, the central pit.

The lower first molars, has more

crevices + its location in the oral cavity ,leading dental caries to set in.

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six year old subjects:

o ration of decayed lower first molars is more

than 2.5 than its counterpart in the maxilla.

twelve year old subjects:

o The difference of decayed upper and lower

first molars is 1.4. the factor that controlled

the difference could be TIME ELEMENT

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TIME ELEMENT

the length of exposure of the molars at the

risk to oral environment. Many of the molars

at risk to dental caries after six years of age

are the upper first molars considering that

majority of the mandibular first molars were

already decayed even at an early age of the

subjects.

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SUMMARY

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The percentage of 6 and 12 years old

children with dental caries experience,

on their permanent first molars which is

75.92 percent is considered HIGH.

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Majority of the six year-old subjects had

2 DMF first molars while the twelve years

old had 4 DMF first molars.

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Less than one half of the erupted first

molars of six year old children were

caries free.

Among 12 years old the data was much

lower; it was less than one fourth.

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In both ages the greatest bulk of DMF 1st

molars was decayed indicated for fillings,

it was 54.83 percent for 6 years old and

48.51 for 12 years old.

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The quantity of decayed mandibular first

molars of six years old children was 2.5

more than decayed maxillary first molars.

It was only 1.4 more among twelve yearsold children.

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Thank you for attention

By:

Tajvidi, Shaghayegh

Toloe, Niloofar

Khashe, ahmad

Padasht, hesam