Supporting children’s small Supporting children’s small group storytelling withgroup storytelling with

Single Display GroupwareSingle Display Groupware……to cut a long story short…to cut a long story short…

Giulia GelminiGiulia Gelmini

Learning Sciences Research InstituteLearning Sciences Research InstituteUniversity of NottinghamUniversity of Nottingham

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Problem spaceProblem space

Primary concern on supporting CL Primary concern on supporting CL in elementary schoolsin elementary schools(Cohen, 1994, Nastasi & Clements 1991, O’Donnell & King, 1999, Webb & (Cohen, 1994, Nastasi & Clements 1991, O’Donnell & King, 1999, Webb & Palincsar, 1996)Palincsar, 1996)

Skills, time, resources required from Skills, time, resources required from teachers to make it workteachers to make it work((Hastings & Chantrey-Wood, 2002)Hastings & Chantrey-Wood, 2002)

Sitting Sitting inin groups but not working groups but not working asas groupsgroups(Galton et al., 1999)(Galton et al., 1999)

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Drop sexy technology into the equationDrop sexy technology into the equation

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StoryTableStoryTable

StoryTable is a Single Display Groupware StoryTable is a Single Display Groupware (SFG = applications that support the work of co-located groups over (SFG = applications that support the work of co-located groups over a physically shared display. SDGs allow the simultaneous use of a physically shared display. SDGs allow the simultaneous use of multiple input devices). multiple input devices). (Stewart et al., 1999)(Stewart et al., 1999)

Supports 2 users at a timeSupports 2 users at a timeActions are traced back to the person Actions are traced back to the person performing itperforming it (MERL DiamondTouch)(MERL DiamondTouch)

Touch & drag widget selectionTouch & drag widget selectionEvent system implemented: specific events are Event system implemented: specific events are only triggered via jointly / simultaneously only triggered via jointly / simultaneously performed touchperformed touch

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The StoryTableThe StoryTable interfaceinterface

Backgrounds

Characters

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The StoryTableThe StoryTable interfaceinterface

Backgrounds

Audio snippet

Audio snippet

Characters

Microphone

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The StoryTableThe StoryTable interfaceinterface

Backgrounds

Audio snippet

Audio snippetPlayList

Characters

Microphone

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StudiesStudies

2. StoryTable’s effectiveness in promoting2. StoryTable’s effectiveness in promoting2.1 on task behaviour2.1 on task behaviour

2.2 equal participation2.2 equal participation

1. Usability testing1. Usability testing

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StudiesStudies

2. StoryTable’s effectiveness in promoting2. StoryTable’s effectiveness in promoting2.1 on task behaviour2.1 on task behaviour

2.2 equal participation2.2 equal participation

1. Usability testing1. Usability testing

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Case studyCase studyOne boy and one girlOne boy and one girl (7.5 & 8 years old)(7.5 & 8 years old)

Collaborative story-making with Collaborative story-making with StoryTable and with puppets StoryTable and with puppets One individual story eachOne individual story each (baseline measure)(baseline measure)

2020

Questions:Questions:

Story Making (Process):Story Making (Process):On task behaviour?On task behaviour?

Story Telling (Outcome):Story Telling (Outcome):Equal participation?Equal participation?

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Results (Story-Making process)Results (Story-Making process) Promoting on-task behaviourPromoting on-task behaviour

Language functionsLanguage functions (Halliday, 1973)(Halliday, 1973)

Regulatory utterancesRegulatory utterances:: regulating others’ regulating others’ behavioursbehaviours (e.g. ‘Pass me my glasses’, ‘It’s your turn’)(e.g. ‘Pass me my glasses’, ‘It’s your turn’)

Heuristic utterancesHeuristic utterances:: exploring the environment exploring the environment (e.g. ‘We have 4 characters we can play with’)(e.g. ‘We have 4 characters we can play with’)

Imaginative utterancesImaginative utterances:: creating imaginary creating imaginary

worldsworlds (e.g. ‘The princess is locked in the tower’)(e.g. ‘The princess is locked in the tower’)

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Imaginative over Total, StoryTable

BIm GIm Other

Results (Story-Making process)Results (Story-Making process)

Promoting on-task behaviourPromoting on-task behaviour

Imaginative over Total, NO StoryTable

BIm GIm Other

ST Fosters collaborative story making: ST Fosters collaborative story making:

children are more children are more on taskon task

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Results (Story-Telling outcome)Results (Story-Telling outcome) Promoting equal participationPromoting equal participation

ST fosters collaborative story telling: ST fosters collaborative story telling:

less active children less active children participateparticipate more more

Girl Girl alonealone

Boy Boy alonealone

Together, Together, NO NO StoryTableStoryTable

Together, Together,

StoryTableStoryTable

EpisodesEpisodes 1212 55 00

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UtterancesUtterances 4141 77 00

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Results (Story-Telling outcome)Results (Story-Telling outcome) Promoting equal participationPromoting equal participation

N. of episodes, StoryTable

boy

girl

N. of utterances, StoryTable

boy

girl

N. of episodes, NO StoryTable

boy

girl

N. of utterances, NO StoryTable

boy

girl

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Ownership accountability?Ownership accountability?Limited resources?Limited resources?External story representation?External story representation?......

Measures: Look at play as well Measures: Look at play as well as language?as language?Qualitative observations revealQualitative observations revealreciprocal supportreciprocal support

Exploring story elements for others to Exploring story elements for others to make storymake storyHolding snippet for other child to Holding snippet for other child to recordrecord

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The StoryTableThe StoryTable interfaceinterface

Backgrounds

Audio snippet

Audio snippetPlayList

Characters

Microphone

MerciMerci