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Jillian Garrison, Walter Piper, and Sarina Saturn’s, research poster, presented at CCARE's conference, The Science of Compassion: Origins, Measures and Interventions.
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Results A correlational analysis revealed (see Table 1) that self-
compassion is strongly correlated with trust, gratitude,
altruism, love, social support, maternal and paternal bonding,
self-enhancing humor, general health, sleep quality, and stress
regulation. These measures tended to positively correlate with
self-kindness, common humanity and mindfulness, and
negatively correlate with self-judgment, isolation and over-
identification aspects of self-compassion.
References Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989). The Pittsburgh
Sleep Quality Index (PSQI): A new instrument for psychiatric research and practice.
Psychiatry Research, 28(2), 193-213.
Cohen, S., Mermelstein, R., Kamarck, T., & Hoberman, H. (1985). Measuring the functional
components of social support. In I. G. Sarason & B. R. Sarason (Eds.), Social support:
Theory, research, and application. The Hague, Holland: Martinus Nijhoff.
Costa, P. T, Jr., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). NEO PI-R professional manual. Odessa, FL:
Psychological Assessment Resources.
Gross, J. J., & John O. P. (2003). Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes:
Implications for affect, relationships, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology. 85(2), 348-362.
Leary, M. R., Tate, E. B., Adams, C. E., & Allen, A. B. (2006). Self-compassion and reactions
to unpleasant self-relevant events: The implications of treating oneself kindly. Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology. 92(5), 887-904.
Martin, R. A., Puhlik-Doris, P., Larsen, G., Gray, J., & Weir, K. (2003). Individual differences in
uses of humor and their relation to psychological well-being: Development of the humor
styles questionnaire. Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 48-75.
McCullough, M. E., Emmons, R. A., & Tsang, J. (2002). The grateful disposition: A conceptual
and empirical topography. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 82, 112-127.
Neff, K. D. (2003). The development and validation of a scale to measure. Self and Identity.
2(3), 223-250.
Neff, K. D. (2006). Self-compassion and adapative psychological functioning. Journal of
Research in Personality. 41(1), 139-154.
Neff, K.D., Rude, S. S., & Kirkpatrick, K. L. (2006). An examination of self-compassion in
relation to positive psychological functioning and personality traits. Journal of Research
in Personality, 41, 908-916.
Parker, G., Tupling, H., and Brown, L.B. (1979) A Parental Bonding Instrument. British Journal
of Medical Psychology, 1979, 52, 1-10.
Saturn, S. R., Saslow L. R., & John O. P. (unpublished scale).
Shiota, M. N., Keltner, D., & John, O. P. (2006). Positive emotion dispositions differentially
associated with big five personality and attachment style. The Journal of Positive
Psychology, 1(2), 61-71. doi:10.1080/17439760500510833
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framework and item selection. Medical Care 1992; 30:473-83
Yamagishi, T., & Yamagishi, M. (1994). Trust and commitment in the United States and Japan.
Motivation and Emotion. 18(2), 129–166.
Introduction Self-compassion involves being kind to oneself in the face of
adversity or personal inadequacies, framing life experiences in the
context of a common humanity, and remaining mindful of negative
emotions so that they are not suppressed or ruminated on (Neff, 2007).
Previous research has found that self-compassion is significantly
connected with several positive emotions and behaviors such as
happiness, optimism, agreeableness, extroversion, wisdom and more
(Neff, 2003; Neff, 2006; Neff, Rude, & Kirkpatrick, 2006). In addition,
self-compassion is negatively correlated with isolation, depression and
anxiety (Neff, 2003). Self-compassion has also shown to correlate with
coping techniques during negative social situations, based on personality
and individual differences (Leary, Tate, Adams, Batts, & Hancock,
2007). The current study analyzed the relationships between self-
compassion with prosocial constructs and with health.
Methods & Materials Participants included 109 undergraduate
students at Oregon State University (41 males, 68
females). Prior to coming to the lab, participants
filled out the following scales:
Acknowledgements NSF CAREER Grant BCS-1151905
Fetzer Institute
Oregon State University start-up and Provost funds
Trust
(Yamagishi T. & Yamagishi M.,
1994)
Altruism
(Costa, & McCrae, 1992)
Sleep Quality
(Buysee, Reynolds, Monk, Berman,
& Kupfer, 1989)
General Health
(Ware & Sherbourne, 1992)
Love, Compassion, & Amusement
(Shiota, Keltner, & John, 2006)
Maternal & Paternal Bonding
(Parker, Tupling, & Brown, 1979)
Gratitude
(McCullough, Emmons, & Tsang,
2002).
Self-Enhancing Humor
(Martin, Puhlik-Doris, Larsen, Gray,
& Weir, 2003)
Interpersonal Support Evaluation
List
(Cohen, Mermelstein, Kamarack, &
Hoberman, 1985)
Stress Regulation
(Saturn, Saslow, & John,
unpublished) modeled after Gross &
John (2003)
Conclusions Altogether, this data shows how self-compassion
is related to prosocial profiles and to well-being.
Self-
Compassion
Self-
Kindness
Self-
Judgment
Common
Humanity
Isolation Mindfulness Over-
ID
Trust 0.30*** 0.26*** -0.17 0.20* -0.24* 0.29*** -0.15
Gratitude 0.29*** 0.11 -0.31*** 0.16 -0.19* 0.24* -0.22**
Altruism 0.28** 0.11 -0.21* 0.20* -0.18 0.22* -0.21*
Love 0.38*** 0.35*** -0.17 0.33*** -0.29*** 0.22* -0.25**
Social Support 0.38*** 0.21* -0.41*** 0.26** -0.26** 0.33*** -0.24*
Maternal
Bonding
Paternal Bonding
0.24**
0.25**
0.13
0.03
-0.30***
-0.31***
0.11
0.06
-0.25**
-0.37***
0.14
0.11
-0.11
-0.22*
Self-enhancing
humor
Health
Sleep Quality
Stress
Regulation
0.31***
0.25**
0.33***
0.39***
0.36***
0.17
0.11
0.25*
-0.06
-0.22*
-0.14
-0.24**
0.35***
0.02
0.20*
0.27**
-0.20***
-0.34***
-0.35***
-0.24**
0.38***
0.19*
0.29***
0.23*
-0.15
-0.26**
-0.27**
-0.36***
Table 1. Spearman correlations of self-compassion and its six components with prosocial dispositions. *p<.05 **p<.01 ***p<.005