Schlüsselthemen der Geisteswissenschaften – Expertisen für das 21. Jahrhundert, 12. bis 14. Januar 2009, Berlin Wissen und Können – Kognitive Fähigkeiten

Schlüsselthemen der Geisteswissenschaften – Expertisen für das 21. Jahrhundert, 12. bis 14. Januar 2009, Berlin

Wissen und Können – Kognitive Fähigkeiten biologischer und künstlicher Systeme.

Andreas Bartels, Mark May, Rainer Stuhmann-Laeisz, Kai Vogeley

Cognition Processes that are relevant for behavior

in a (cognitive) system that is (at least) minimally capable of behavior

Cognitive Processes Neural Processes

Behaviour (Observed)

Nomology

EmpiricalIndicator

Correlation

EmpiricalIndicator

Neural Phenomena(Observed)

Kuhlenbeck, The Brain and its Universe (1982);Bieri, Analytische Philosophie des Geistes (1981); Vogeley, Repräsentation und Identität (1995)




Cognition Processes that are relevant for behavior

in a (cognitive) system that is (at least) minimally capable of behavior

Cognitive Processes Neural Processes

Behaviour (Observed)

Nomology

EmpiricalIndicator

Correlation

EmpiricalIndicator

Neural Phenomena(Observed)

CognitivePsychology Philosophy

(Social) CognitiveNeuroscience

Kuhlenbeck, The Brain and its Universe (1982);Bieri, Analytische Philosophie des Geistes (1981); Vogeley, Repräsentation und Identität (1995)




Time

Topology

Chemistry

CodingPrinciples

Levels of DescriptionSystem

LevelNetwork

LevelCellular

Level

Summationin Space

Summationover Time

Neuromodulation Chemoarchitecture

SynchronisationPhenomena

Frequency Modulation

Levels of Description of Neural Systems

Time

PlasticityCytoarchitecture,

Localisation of Functions

ModuleArchitecture

Neurotransmission




Time

Topology

Chemistry

CodingPrinciples

Levels of DescriptionSystem

LevelNetwork

LevelCellular

Level

ModuleArchitecture

Summationin Space

Neurotransmission

Summationover Time

Neuromodulation Chemoarchitecture

Cytoarchitecture,Localisation of

Functions

SynchronisationPhenomena

Frequency Modulation

Levels of Description of Neural Systems




fMRT

PET

Spatial Resolution

sMRT

Temporal Resolution

MEG

EEG

Electrophysiology

Functional Neuroimaging

Struktural Neuroimaging

Histology

Neuroanatomy (Histology)

Immunhistochemistry




Referenzrahmen

allozentrisch(Cartesisches

Koordinaten-System)

egozentrisch(polares

Koordinaten-System)

Perspektivenwechsel

Dritte-Person-Perspektive

Erste-Person-Perspektive

Vogeley & Fink, Tr Cogn Sci (2003)




(“Wieviele Kugeln sieht er?“)(“Wieviele Kugeln sehen Sie?“)

Erste-Person-Perspektive Dritte-Person-Perspektive

Vogeley et al., J Cogn Neuroscience (2004)




Kameraposition

First-Person-

Perspective(1PP)

Ansicht Aufsicht

Perspective

“How many ballsdo you see?“

Third-Person-

Perspective(3PP)

11111111N =

allo-aufallo-anego-aufego-an

95%

CI

1300

1200

1100

1000

900

800

700

600

11111111N =

allo-aufallo-anego-aufego-an

95%

CI

100

90

80

Reaktionszeit

Korrektheit

1PP 3PP

1PP 3PP

“How many ballsdo you see?“

“How many ballsdoes he see?“

“How many ballsdoes he see?“





“How many balls do you see?“

First-Person-Perspective (1PP)“How many balls does he see?“

Third-Person-Perspective (3PP)

SPM99Block-Designn=11, random effectheight threshold p = 0.05, corr. (SnPM)extent threshold = 20 voxels

SPM99Block-Design n=11, random effectheight threshold p = 0.05, corr. (SnPM)extent threshold = 20 voxels





• three players

• triangular constellation

• players can change positions

•the subject will participate via the blue player

David et al., J Cogn Neuroscience (2006)





SPM2Region-of-Interest-AnalysisACT (1PP-Cluster)height threshold p = 0.05, two-tailed, corr.

Aktiv-Bedingungen Passiv-Bedingungen

Kontrast: Aktiv > Passiv








Agency

First-Person-

Perspective(1PP)

Active Passive

Perspective

“Throw the ballto the red person!“

Third-Person-

Perspective(3PP)

Reaction Time

Correctness Scores

“Who throws the ball?“19191919N =

3PP PASSIVE

3PP ACTIVE

1PP PASSIVE

1PP ACTIVE

95

% C

I

1400

1200

1000

800

600

400

19191919N =

3PP PASSIVE

3PP ACTIVE

1PP PASSIVE

1PP ACTIVE9

5%

CI

8,2

8,0

7,8

7,6

7,4

7,2

7,0

6,8

“Throw the ballto the red person!“

“Who throws the ball?“





1PP, 3PP, PAS:SPM2Event-Related-Designn=13, random effectheight threshold p = 0.05, corr.extent threshold = 10 voxels

ACT:SPM2

Event-Related-Designn=13, random effect

height threshold p = 0.0005, uncorr.extent threshold = 10 voxels





SPM2Region-of-Interest-AnalysisACT (1PP-Cluster)height threshold p = 0.05, two-sided, corr.





Documents

Schlüsselthemen der Geisteswissenschaften – Expertisen für das 21. Jahrhundert, 12. bis 14. Januar 2009, Berlin Wissen und Können – Kognitive Fähigkeiten