Upload
eddy-satriya
View
269
Download
4
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Presentasi di Dewan Nasional Perubahan Iklim, Jl Medan Merdeka Selatan
Citation preview
Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian
Eddy SatriyaAsdep Urusan Telematika dan Utilitas
Deputi Bidang Koordinasi Infrastruktud dan Pengembangan Wilyah
Disampaikan di:
Dewan Nasional Perubahan Iklim, 14 Jan 2011
Indonesia’s Commitment
2
Pada G20 Summit,
President Susilo
Bambang
Yudhoyono
menyampaikan
komitmen target
penurunan emisi
sebesar 26% pada
tahun 2020
Sumber: Presentasi DNPI, FGD Green ICT
The most energy intensive sectors…
Sumber: EIA Annual Energy Outlook 2008
40
30
20
10
01980 1990 2006 2020 2030
History Projections
Delivered Energy Consumption by Sector
Qu
adri
llio
n B
TU
Transportation
Industrial
ResidentialCommercial
3
… are also the least smart
Company
Segment
Percentage of Revenue
Spent on IT
Media 8.2%
Professional Services 6.9%
Information Technology 6.9%
Financial Services 5.9%
Electronics 5.6%
Banking 5.6%
Pharmaceuticals 5.5%
Health Care 4.6%
Cross Industry 4.5%
Construction & Engineering 4.4%
Transportation 3.9% 0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Motor
Systems
Logistics Buildings Grid
Transport Electricity
Primary Energy Storage
Carbon
Information and Communications Technology.Cleantech Global Opportunity
Bill
ions (
Euro
s)
Tota € 68 € 280 € 216 € 79
4Sumber : Smart 2020 Report, 2008
The effect ICT is having in decoupling GDP from correspondingincreases in energy and greenhouse gas emissions
5
Sumber: Intel White Paper Report
Decoupling Economic Growth
from Energy Consumption
What have we done so far?
6
Latest AP Meeting in Jakarta reveals that’s we still have many assignments to be finished and agendas to
be carried out in order to meet our commitments.(10.000mW; Ren Energy; Blue Energy etc.)
This green ICT findings is just a minor effort for a huge task!
The Inconvenient Truth
7
Gartner analyst merilis statistik yang menyatakan bahwa diperkirakan pembuatan, penggunaan dan pembuangan
peralatan ICT memberikan kontribusi sekitar 2% dari emisi global CO2. Dan penelitian lainnya menyatakan
sekitar setengah dari seluruh konsumsi energi ICT berasal dari peralatan kantor termasuk PC, laptop,
printer dan telepon.
Mobile telephony alone has the same carbon footprint as
Egypt, a country of over 75 million peopleSumber: Presentasi PT BTEL, FGD Green ICT
THE GLOBAL ICT FOOTPRINT
Sumber : Smart 2020 Report, 2008
8
Global Telecoms Footprint(Devices & Infrastructure)
9Sumber : The Climate Group, 2008
Composition of the PC Footprint
10Sumber : Smart 2020 Report, 2008
Dematerialization: Lower Overhead = Less Energy
Traditional Superstore Online Bookstore (Amazon.com)
Title per store 175,000 2,500,000
Revenue per Operating Emlployee $100,000 $300,000
Annual Inventory Turnover 2 – 3 times 40 – 60 times
Sales per Square Foot $20 $8
Rent per Square Foot $250 $2,000
Energy Cost per Square Foot $1.10 $0.56
Energy Cost per $100 of Sales $0.44 $0.03
11
Praktek-praktek bisnis baru seperti operasi berbisnis internet dan pergudangan terpusat
Amazon.com tidak hanya lebih produktif, tetapi juga lebih sedikit membutuhkan energi
jadi mengurangi kerusakan lingkungan (WWF)
Sumber: Intel White Paper Report
World ICT Statistics
World Population 2010 = 6.9 bilion
0.97 B
Total Telephone User = ~6 bilion
13
Jenis Layanan Unit 2004 2009 2010 * 2014 **
1. Telephone
TetapSatuanSambungan 8,703,218 8,423,973 8,429,180 8,329,180
BergerakSatuanSambungan 32,009,688 190,062,615 200,636,587 298,816,283
Total SatuanSambungan 40,712,906 198,486,588 209,065,767 307,145,463
TeledensitasPer 100penduduk 18,82 86,06 89,79 100
2. Internet
Pelanggan Orang 1.087,428 2,000,000 2,700,000 7000,000
Pengguna Orang 11,226,143 30,000,000 45,000,000 130,000,000
3. Broadband
Pengguna Orang 84,900 4,520,000 7,290,000 17,000,000
*) Angka perkiraan sampai dengan Juni 2010**) Angka perkiraan sampai dengan 2014
Sumber: Kemkominfo dan Bappenas, diolah
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 (Q1)
1. Telepon Tetap
PT Telkom8,559,350 8,686,131 8,709,211 8,685,000 8,629,783 8,376,793 8,382,000
PT Bakrie telecom120,990 114,082 68,359 - - - -
PT Indosat20,000 21,724 26,632 30,479 42,145 44,973 44,973
PT Batam Bintan telekomunikasi2,878 2,530 2,500 2,393 2,300 2,207 2,207
Total8,703,218 8,824,467 8,806,702 8,717,872 8,674,228 8,423,973 8,429,180
2. Telepon Mobilitas Terbatas (FWA)
PT Telkom (Flexi)1,429,368 4,061,800 4,175,853 6,363,000 13,305,181 15,139,057 15,948,000
PT Indosat (Starone)52,752 249,434 358,980 627,934 761,589 594,133 594,133
PT Bakrie telecom (Esia)190,961 372,129 1,479,198 3,820,701 7,304,543 10,585,701 10,606,901
PT Mobile-8 Telecom (Hepi)- - - - 332,530 66,763 66,763
Total 1,673,081 4,683,363 6,014,031 10,811,635 21,703,843 26,385,654 27,215,797
3. Telepon Seluler
PT Telkomsel16,291,000 24,269,000 35,597,000 47,890,000 65,299,991 81,643,532 81,950,000
PT Indosat9,754,607 14,512,453 16,704,729 24,545,422 36,510,246 33,136,521 39,100,000
PT XL Axiata3,791,000 6,978,519 9,527,970 15,469,000 26,015,517 31,438,377 32,924,000
PT Mobile-8 (Fren)500,000 1,200,000 1,825,888 3,012,801 2,701,914 2,805,842 2,805,842
PT Sampoerna Telekomunikasi -10,609 134,713 310,464 784,343 636,868 636,868
PT Natrindo Telepon Seluler (Axis)- 21,537 12,715 4,788 3,234,800 4,105,156 4,105,156
PT hutchinson CP Telecommunication- - - 2,039,406 4,500,609 7,311,000 7,311,000
PT Smart Telecom- - - - 1,530,823 2,599,665 2,599,665
Total 30,336,607 46,992,118 63,803,015 93,271,881 140,578,243 163,676,961 171,432,531
TOTAL (1+2+3) 40,712,906 60,499,948 78,623,748 112,801,388 170,956,314 198,486,588 207,077,508
Slicing Eco-Technology
98%The Big Opportunity
2%*Opportunity
15
Sumber : Smart 2020 Report, 2008
How does this connectivity impact the environment?16
207 Milliontotal phone subscriptions in Indonesia
Sumber: Modifikasi dari Presentasi PT BTEL, FGD Green ICT
• Konvensi Basel mengatur Pengawasan Perpindahan Limbah Berbahaya dan Pembuangannya, dan mensyaratkan kepada para Negara-Negara anggota untuk mampu mengelola dan membuang limbah Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun (B3) dan lainnya secara berwawasan lingkungan.
• E-waste → Limbah B3
• Indonesia meratifikasi Konvensi Basel dengan adanya Perpres No. 47/2005 tentang Pengesahan Amendemen atas Konvensi Basel dan Perpres No. 60/2005 tentang Pengesahan Persetujuan Kerangka Kerja antara Pemerintah RI dan Sekretariat Konvensi Basel
17
Kondisi Limbah Elektronik (E-Waste)
• Perkembangan industri berbanding lurus dengan peningkatan limbah B3 yang dihasilkan
• E-waste di Indonesia merupakan timbulan akibat pemakaian dari dalam negeri dan luar negeri
• Elektronik mengandung bahan kimia seperti merkuri, cadmium dan PVC yang dapat menyebabkan permasalahan kesehatan seperti kanker, penyakit otak, dan masalah reproduksi.
19
Penanganan E-Waste
• EPA memperkirakan hanya 15-20% e-waste yang di re-cycled, sisanya berakhir di landfill
• Produk-produk recycle sering dikirim ke Negara-negara berkembang
20
Sumber: greenlifestyle.or.id
Map of E-waste Recycling Countries
21Sumber : greenpeace.org
Don’t let your old gadgets go in the dumpster!
22
Based on article Giving Those Old Gadgets a Proper Green Burial by Mickey Meece on New York Times, January 5 - 2011
Many Americans have outdated technology in their homes, especially after the holidays when
the average consumer planned to spend a
record $232 on electronics gifts,
according to the Consumer Electronics Association.
The average household now has 25 devices,
the group says. And a November report, “Tackling High-Tech Trash,” from Demos, cited government data
showing that Americans owned 3 billion electronic products, with a turnover rate of about
400 million units each year. Yet less than 14 percent of those gadgets are recycled, the report noted.
There are, though, many outlets for consumers to recycle, donate or trade-in goods such as Best Buy.com and Gazelle.com.
Best Buy has been recycling most
consumer electronics in its stores for two years. Consumers can drop off, at no charge, smaller items like CDs/DVDs, rechargeable
batteries and cell phones at kiosks at the
entrance of its stores.
Best Buy will also take up to two larger items
a day at customer service, including televisions and monitors up to 32 inches, computer C.P.U.’s,
VCRs/DVD players, phones, remotes and
keyboards. The company charges a $10 recycling fee for items with screens, but gives customers a $10 store gift
card immediately.
Gazelle is a re-Commerce service
that helps sell and recycle your used electronics such as a cell phone, laptop, or any other of the
more than 250,000 products.
Gazelle believe electronics recycling begins with
reuse. Gazelle extend the lives of
used electronics by selling them through retail and wholesale
outlets. Items without value are responsibly recycled.
Gazelle refurbishes and resells the
devices at its Gazelle Store on eBay and overseas.
About 24 states have passed laws mandating the recycling of electronic waste,
according to the Electronics TakeBack Coalition, which promotes responsible recycling. All of the
laws except for California’s require the manufacturer
to pay for recycling. New Jersey’s law took
effect on Jan. 1, while New York’s law comes
into force on April 1.
Elizabeth Grossman, who wrote the Demos
report and is the author of the book “High Tech Trash” (2007, Island Press), said the manufacturer
take-back programs, which the coalition grades annually, should be a consumer’s first stop. In the
report, she offers six recommendations to reduce the stream of e-waste.
28
»» Expand existing extended producer responsibility take-back and recycling programs
to cover a greater scope of products and make these
programs more obviously accessible and convenient to all consumers.
»» End the export of hazardous e-waste for environmentally unsound and socially
irresponsible materials recovery, processing, and
disposal, following guidelines consistent
with the Basel Convention and its Basel Ban
amendment.
»» Support research and development in green chemistry and engineering, around two goals: design for- the-environment aimed at reducing use of
hazardous chemicals and other materials in electronics production and finished products; and design for materials recovery and reuse at the end of product life.
6 - recommendations to reduce the stream of e-waste (1 )
29
»» Prohibit the deposit of any electronics or components (including
batteries) in landfills or incinerators.
»» To ensure safety for workers engaged in manufacturing, materials
recovery, and recycling operations, as well as consumer and environmental health
and safety, expand existing workplace “right-to-know” provisions to
cover all facilities in a manufacturer’s supply chain, so that workers are informed of
the use of and potential exposure to any hazardous chemicals and materials.
»» Expand the number of recyclers certified through the e-Stewards program and use of e-Stewards certified recyclers—including by large
equipment purchasers and e-waste generators such as the U.S. government.
6 - recommendations to reduce the stream of e-waste (2)
Green strategy approach isn’t
supposed to be a charity project,
it’s a bussiness !!!
30Sumber: Modifikasi dari Presentasi PT BTEL, FGD Green ICT
31
Intelligent Transport
Paperless Office
Broadband
Penggunaan ICT yang inovatif dapat mereduksi global warming, seperti:
Telecommuting;
Videoconferencing;
Online media;
E-mail;
E-commerce;
E-paper;
E-learning;
E-goverment;
E-file.
32
Peran ICT Peran (1)
(1). Peran ICT dalam Intevensi aksimitigasi diluar sektor ICT:
• konsumsi material
• konsumsi energi dan listrik
• mobilitas orang, barang danjasa
• efisiensi aktivitas
• efisiensi ruang penyimpanan
• limbah
Peran (2)
33
Contoh Penerapan Green ICT di Perusahaan
Pada FGD Green ICT yang dilaksanakan Desember 2010 lalu
oleh Kemenko Bidang Perekonomian, terdapat 2 Perusahaan besar yang masing-masing bergerak di bidang telekomunikasi dan bidang inovasi teknologi, memaparkan kegiatan Green-nya, yaitu:
1. PT. BTEL
2. INTEL
3. PT. Huawei34
PT BAKRIE TELECOM1
Penerapan Green PT BTEL
– Cost reduction di lingkungan internal dengan pengurangan konsumsi kertas keperluan kantor dan penggunaan listrik
– Program EPR dengan pembelian kembali handsetbekas dari konsumen untuk didaurulang
36
Disruptive innovation is Bakrie Telecom’s trademark
37Sumber: PT BTEL – FGD Green ICT
Our new BTS free
cooling system reduces
energy consumption
more than 30% and also
reduces our use of
coolant chemicals
38Sumber: Presentasi PT BTEL, FGD Green ICT
Change favors growth of products
that
Require less energy & materials
Can be reused or “upcycled”
Have lowest life cycle cost
39Sumber: Modifikasi dari Presentasi PT BTEL, FGD Green ICT
Reducing E-waste
40Sumber:: PT BTEL, FGD Green ICT
41
2
INTEL’S APPROACH TO ECO-TECHNOLOGY
SustainableOperations
Industry Initiatives
Products &Technologies
42
Penerapan Green INTEL
• Sustainable OperationsPenggunaan energi terbarukan untuk 47% pasokan listriknya dari energi angin dan matahari
• Product & Technologies
Upaya pengurangan emisi gas rumah kaca dan pemanasan global dengan inovasi teknologi yang berkonsumsi energi minimum dan memiliki kinerja optimum (power saver dan peningkatkan kinerja prosesor pada komputer)
• Industry Initiatives
Intel saat ini mempunyai misi bekerjasama dengan pembuat kebijakan secara global, untuk mengimplementasikan kebijakan publik yang memungkinkan dan mengembangkan peranan ICT dalam meningkatkan efisiensi energi masyarakat dan mengurangi pemanasan global.
43
20071 Billion PCs Install Base
The next billion PCs…
ComputeEnergy
~17X Compute
20142 Billion PCs Install Base
~½ Energy
Source: Intel
Will use half the energy; Will have 17X more compute capability…
Compared with the previous billion PCs
Sumber: INTEL – FGD Green ICT
Automation DematerializationSubstitution
Building blocks to realize these changes:
Mechanisms for change - driving
carbon reductions and mitigation
These are examples of
identified industry
development areas
Intel and our partners are
addressing these
opportunities globally•Embedded devices
•Communications
•Sensor networks
•Mobile Devices
•PCs and servers
•Super computing
ICT impact on other industries
Power
Buildings
Transportation
Industry
*Source: IDC 200945Sumber: INTEL – FGD Green ICT
184 single core servers2005
Annual Energy Costs
92%Estimated Reduction
Up to
8 monthReturn on Investment
ENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT IN THE ENTERPRISE
2009 21 Intel® Xeon®
5500 based servers
Up to
9XServer Reduction
46Sumber: INTEL – FGD Green ICT
Estimated Annual Energy Consumption
Unmanaged Pentium® D
Processor 945 with CRT
display
KW
h C
on
sum
ed p
er Y
ear
(lo
wer
is b
ette
r)
Unmanaged Pentium® D
Processor 945 with LCD
display
Unmanaged Core™2 Duo
Processor E6550 with
LCD display
Managed Core™2 Duo
Processor E6550 with
LCD display
Managed Core™2 Duo
Processor T9400 mobile
platform
229
38
Going
Mobile
1015
938
655
>26x Reduction
47
Potential Energy Savings with Managed Client PC’s
Sumber: INTEL – FGD Green ICT
48
In the near future:Home Energy Management System
Running on Your Internet TV
Sumber: INTEL – FGD Green ICT
49
3
Huawei Grows Steadily in Indonesia
The sales steadily increases
In 2009, the contract sales has reached USD 980 million, with
annual increase of 16,6%
The contract sales is expected to reach USD 1,2 billion in 2010
Until year 2009, accumulated tax paid was USD20 million and the
accumulated taxes paid since Huawei has established in
Indonesia reaches USD 40 million
Serving leading operators
Top three leading telecommunications providers in Indonesia
Serving 9 out of 10 leading operators in Indonesia
Ranks no. 1 in market share in Indonesia on Broadband Access
(60%)
Huawei’s market share in CDMA accounts for 47% in Indonesia
Huawei is Indonesia's largest CDMA equipment supplier.
USD Million USD Million
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
5 3540
80
330
600
2007 2008
850
800
900
Contributing to the Local Economic Growth
Local investment and procurement
Since 2000, Huawei has invested 420 million and every year
Huawei spends USD 50million for investment
Since 2000, Huawei procurement reaches USD 95million
and will be predicted USD 33million which’s hopefully can
successfully opened the job opportunity for 5000 staffs.
Customer-oriented organizational building
1500 employees, of whom 80% are locals
1 R&D centers (in Indonesia) focusing software
application
10 region offices, 17 spare part centers in Indonesia to
provide quick responses across all time zones in
Indonesia
Green Communication, Green Huawei, Green World
Green Site, Work for Suitable Development
Green IT Equipment
Energy conservation scheme for the storage system:
Intelligent fan
AC/DC power supply technology
Virtual storage
The power efficiency is improved.
Energy conservation scheme for the security system:
Based on the particular low consumption design, the
power consumption of the security system is only ¼ of
that of peer vendor products.
Energy conservation scheme for the server:
The dominant frequency is changed according to the load.
The power consumption is optimized.
Virtual calculation
The efficiency is improved, and the power consumption is
reduced.
Energy conservation scheme for network devices: Intelligent fan
Heat dissipation design: air flows in from the left and flows
out from the rear
Huawei-developed ASIC chip that monitors the power
consumption intelligently
The power consumption decreases by 50% when no load is
bore.
Industry-leading U-shaped heat dissipation aisle
Effic
ien
t an
d e
ne
rgy-s
avin
g
Server
Storage system
Network devices
Security system
Green Infrastructure—Cloud Computing
Before Virtualization After Virtualization
55
Reduce IT equipment and reduce power consumption and emission:
Based on the virtualization technology, loads of servers with low efficiencies can be
switched to one server. Generally, loads of 8 to 15 servers can be switched to one
server in the industry. In this way, the power consumption of IT equipment is reduced
greatly, and about 40% of the original hardware and software costs is saved. When a
traditional server is idle, the power consumption is still 80% of the highest power
consumption. After the virtualization technology is adopted, the average server usage
increases from 7% to 60% or even 80%. Therefore, the power consumption decreases
sharply.
BEBERAPA FINDINGS Sebagian besar Industri ICT (Information and Communication Technology) atau
TIK sudah aware akan limbah yang dihasilkan begitu pula emisi. Namun masihgamang dalam menerapkan usaha-usaha optimum menuju Green ICT;
Pertimbangan revenue (EBITDA) masih membayangi usaha2 menuju GreenICT;
Perlu dorongan lebih besar dari seluruh stakeholder untuk menerapkan GreenICT dalam berbagai subsitem ICT terutama terkait dalam e-waste;
Kondisi industri dan bisnis ICT serta karakteristik industri ICT sangatmenunjang untuk menjadi contoh bagi sektor lain dalam mewujudkankomitment pemerintah kita dalam berbagai agenda pembangunan hijau danberkelanjutan;
Diperlukan apresiasi atas inovasi yang dapat “mentrigger” industri ICTmenjadi salah satu motor utama dalam mewujdukan komitmen pemerintah.
56
Saran & Masukan Penerapan Green ICT jangan hanya dilakukan di Pusat tapi juga di daerah.
Pendekatan kepada daerah yang tepat dapat mengefektifkan penerapanGreen ICT di Indonesia. Pendekatan harus dilakukan sampai pada levelKabupaten/Desa agar penerapannya sampai pada masyarakatnya.
Salah satu usaha untuk meminimalisir konsumsi energi dan sampah elektronikadalah dengan menerapkan program Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR).Pelaksanaan green ICT di perusahaan tidak hanya dilakukan dengan programEPR tetapi juga dengan cost reduction. Cost Reduction yang dilakukanperusahaan dilakukan dengan pengurangan konsumsi kertas untuk keperluankantor dan juga penggunaan listrik.
Kurikulum pendidikan mengenai Green ICT penting dimasukkan agarmasyarakat dapat lebih selektif memilih barang. Selama ini masyarakatkonsumtif terhadap barang elektronik yang dalam pemakaiannya sebenarnyatidak sebanding dengan teknologi yang ada. Euphoria masyarakat mempersulitpenanganan limbah barang elektronik.
57
Saran & Masukan (2)
Adanya penyiapan regulasi khusus tentang ICT yang berwawasanlingkungan antara kelembagaan Kemenkominfo, KLH, KementerianPerindustrian, Kementerian Perdagangan, Kemenristek, dan BPPT .
Perbaharuan peraturan mengenai impor mesin dan peralatan mesinbukan baru dalam kaitannya dengan pengaturan impor barang-barangelektronik bekas yang termasuk dalam limbah elektronik. Peraturan yangada saat ini untuk impor mesin adalah Keputusan Menteri Perindustriandan Perdagangan No. 610/MPP/Kep/10/2004 tanggal 4 Oktober 2004.
Perlu adanya koordinasi dan sinkronisasi lebih lanjut dengan stakeholderyang lebih luas untuk membangun Green ICT yang sinergis danterintegrasi
58
TERIMA KASIH
59
Asisten Deputi Urusan Telematika dan Utilitas,Deputi Bidang Koordinasi Infrastruktur dan Pengembangan Wilayah,Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian.Telp: (021) 3511466 ; Fax: (021) 3511464Email: [email protected]://D5ekon.Blogspot.Com
60
Recent publications are available on:
eddysatriya.blogspot.com
kolom.pacific.net.id
Eddy Satriya
• 1989 :Graduated from Bandung Institute of Technology (Telecommunication Engineering)
• 1997 :Graduated from University of Connecticut (MA in Economics)
• 1989-90: Program Management Consultancy (PMC-IV) for Telecommunication Development
• 1990-2005: Working in Bappenas (The National Development Planning Agency).
• 1995 : Secretary to Board of Commissioners of PT.Telkomsel
• 2005 (Dec)-present: Working in Coordinating Ministry for Economics Affairs
• 1997- present: Visiting Lecturer in University of Indonesia, University of Pelita Harapan, and ITB, SGU-BSD.
• 2002-present : Actively writes various article and column in national papers and magazines.
Contact:
021.3456714