Safety Fundamentals

7/29/2019 Safety Fundamentals

1/48


2/48

. 2

.is an

ORGANIZED

WELL-MANAGED

APPROACH of


3/48

3

SAFETY MANAGEMENT

MANAGERS

design system

define standards, and

implement

WORKERS

follow procedures

participate actively in the program


4/48

4

DEFINITION OF TERMS

SAFETY

is thePREVENTION and

MINIMIZATIONof losses due toHARMorDAMAGE

to property.

.


5/48

5

DEFINITION OF TERMS

ACCIDENTS

are EVENTS that resultto

avoidable HARM to people

and DAMAGE to property.

.


6/48

6

DEFINITION OF TERMS

INCIDENTS

are EVENTS that could or result

avoidable HARM to people

and DAMAGE to property.


7/48

7

DEFINITION OF TERMS

NEAR-MISSan undesired EVENT which under slightly

different circumstance could have resultedinHARM to people, DAMAGE to property, LOSSof process and/or HARM environment.


8/48

8

UNDERLYING CAUSES

OF ACCIDENT ILLNESS

A. SUBSTANDARD/ UNSAFE ACTS:

B. SUBSTANDARD/UNSAFE CONDITIONS:

intoxication from

inhaled dusts,

fumes, gases or

vapors


9/48

9

TYPES OF ACCIDENTS

In terms of severity:

1. Disabling Injuries lost time injuries

(fatal, permanent or temporary)

2. Minor Injuries First Aid cases

3. Property Damage vehicular, fire, etc.

4. Near-miss accident with no visible injury

or damage


10/48

. 10


11/48

. 11

Falsework

If you are engaged in falsework

operation, you should: Check whether the falsework

is erected in accordance

with the design.

Make sure that the falsework

is securely erected.

Check whether the struts of

the falseworks are secure.

Ensure that the props are erected vertically and arranged at a

suitable distance in a row.


12/48

. 12

Do not use scaffolds unless

they have been erected by

trained workmen and under

the supervision of a competentperson.

Do not use a scaffold unless it

has been inspected and

certified safe by a competentperson before use.

Strictly follow the instructions

of a competent person.

Do not alter the scaffold unless authorized to do so.

Do not work on an unfinished scaffold.

When it is necessary to work on a mobile scaffold, lock the

wheels of the scaffold before you start working.

Do not work on a scaffold unless it has been provided with a

suitable working platform.


13/48

. 13

Do not work in a dangerous

place unless its floor edges andopenings have been installed

with secure fencing.

If you notice any dangerousplaces that have not been

installed with fencing or the

fencing has been damaged,

reinstall or repair the fencing.

If this is beyond your capability,

inform your supervisor at once.


14/48

. 14

Use a ladder which is of good construction,

sound material and adequate strength.

Examine the ladder before using it and inspect it

at regular intervals. Place the ladder on a level & firm footing.

Place the ladder at an appropriate angle.

Ensure that the ladder has sufficient

length. The upper end of the laddershould be at least 1 metre above the

landing against which the ladder leans.

Do not use a ladder unless its upper or

lower end has been securely fixed or

secured by another worker. If there are electrical installations nearby,

do not use metal ladders.

If work is carried out 2 meters or more

above the floor, use a suitable working platform.

1M

fastened

1M


15/48

. 15

Always use three points of contact when

climbing a ladder.

Use only for access, not as a workplatform

Inspect ladders before use only use if all

components are in good working order

Secure ladders as soon as they areplaced

Must extend 1 metre past the step-off

point

Never carry loads up or down a ladder
http://void%280%29/http://void%280%29/


16/48

. 16

Use compressed air only for specified purposes.

Do not use any compressed air equipment, pipes

and relevant devices unless they are of goodconstruction and have been examined and certified

safe by a competent examiner before use.

Fix the connectors properly.

Do not twist the pipes. Do not abuse the use of compressed air for

cleaning purpose. Use a brush or a vacuum cleaner

to remove dust from clothing and skin.


17/48


18/48

18


19/48

. 19

Do not use any gas cylinderunless

it has been fitted with flashback

arrestors. Wear personal protective equipment.

Keep the workplace clean. Spray with

adequate water

Place fire extinguishers within reach.

Keep gas cylinders in an upright

position and secure it properly

to avoid overturning.

If gas leakage is detected,

report it to your supervisor


20/48

FUNDAMENTALS OF SAFETY MGT

MINDANAO SAFETY ASSOCIATION, INC.

20


21/48

.

Are all the connections tight, including the earth ground?

In veneer dryer, ground point shall not be one meter away from

weld point.

Regulations require output terminals to be insulated.

Are rubber boots are available for that purpose?

Are the electrode holder and welding cable well insulated

and in good condition?

Are the settings correct for the job youre about to begin?


22/48

22

Before you start welding, inspect the surface of your work,

looking for flammable coatings or any unknown substances that

would ignite when heated.

Because of the extreme fire and explosion hazards inherent to

welding on or around containers and piping that may have

combustible materials, such work should be handled only by

experienced welders.

F th k i l


23/48

23

For the work in general:

Are the work area conditions such that normal safety

precautions can be observed or must special equipment(i.e., ventilation, exhaust, or respirator, protective

equipment or safety equipment)

or procedures be used?

Many jobsites require permits for any welding

or cutting. Be sure you have any permits you will need.

If you will be working in a confined space, many special

OSH regulations and jobsite requirements may apply in

addition to the arc welding precautions.Understand which of these apply to your jobsite.

Are the cables the right size for your job? Be sure any

damaged cable insulation is repaired.Are the s read out and run neatl to revent overheatin ?


24/48

24

Welding may produce fumes & gases hazardous

to health. Avoid breathing these fumes and gases.When welding, keep your head out of the fume.

Use enough ventilation and/or exhaust at the arc

to keep fumes and gases away from the

breathing zone.

When welding with electrodes which require specialventilation such as stainless or hard facing or on lead orcadmium plated steel and other metals or coatings

which produce highly toxic fumes, keep exposure aslow as possible using local exhaust or mechanicalventilation.In confined spaces or in some circumstances, outdoors, a

respirator may be required. Additional precautions arealso re uired when weldin on alvanized steel.

intoxication from

inhaled dusts,

fumes, gases or

vapors


25/48

25

Keeping the area around your work neat is as important asmaintaining your equipment.

You may have already inspected your equipment and foundit to be OK, but all your caution wont matter when.For example,

a co-worker trips over your cable, causing you, and/or thepeople around you, to be injuredby shock, hot metal, or from falling


26/48

26

Keep all your equipment, cables, hoses, cylinders, etc. outof any traffic routes such as doors, hallways, and ladders.

Clean up your work area when youre done!

Not only will it help to protect yourself and

others, you'll find it much easier for you to

work efficiently.


27/48

27

Because of the extreme temperatures associated with any arc

welding process, you should always be aware of fire hazards.

The heat of the welding arc can reach temperatures of 10,000F,

but this heat in itself is not generally a fire hazard.

The danger of fire actually results from the effects of this intense

heat upon your work and in the form ofsparks and moltenmetals.Because these can spray up to 35 feet from your work, you mustrecognize and protect combustible materials from welding arc,

sparks and spatter.


28/48

28

It is also important to be sure the work is not in contact with any

combustible which it may ignite when heated.

These materials fall into three categories:liquid (gasoline, oil, paints, and thinners)

solid (wood, cardboard, and paper); and

gaseous (acetylene and hydrogen).

Watch where the sparks and metals are falling from your work: if

there are flammable materials including fuel or hydraulic lines inyour work area and you cant move either your work or the

combustible substances, put a fire-resistant shield in place.

If youre welding above ground make sure that there are nocombustibles underneath. Also, dont forget

About your co-workers who may be in the

work area, as they wouldnt appreciate being

hit with slag or sparks from your work.


29/48

. 29

There is always a fire risk. However, the

chances of fire can be reduced, and you

will know what to do when a fire breaksout if you:

Always keep the workplace clean

and tidy.

Handle machinery and tools that maygenerate sparks or heat carefully.

Do not smoke or use naked flames in

any area where flammable and

explosive substances are stored.

Know where fire extinguishers are

located and how they are used.

Know the place of assembly for

fire evacuation


30/48

. 30

Pay attention to public safety.Members of the public are often

unaware of or do not understand the

work carried out on construction sites

and the risks involved.

Take great care to prevent the fall

of materials from height.

Do not stack materials on floor

edges or on scaffolds.


31/48

. 31

Dispose all wastes, andunwanted materials must be

disposed of at a designatedplace.

Notify your supervisor of

the requirement for theseparate disposal ofchemical or inflammablewastes.

Do not leave planks withnails on passageways.


32/48

. 32

A wise worker will certainly take


33/48

. .

A wise worker will certainly take

good care of his eyesight.

A small fragment may cause serious

consequences if it enters one's eyes.

When there is a risk of eye injury,such as in concrete breaking or

using abrasive wheels, you should

wear suitable eye protectors.

Take proper care of the eyeprotectors provided to you.

Replace damaged or defective eye

protectors immediately.

Ensure that eye protectors are comfortable to wear & keep

clean.

Use eye protectors for eye protection do not put it on your

head or hang it on your neck.

Bear in mind that eye protectors are replaceable but not your

eyes.


34/48

.

Wear earprotectors in areas with highnoise levels.

Properly wear ear protectors according to

the manufacturer's instructions.

Do not reuse disposable ear plugs.

Clean ear protectors regularly.


35/48

.

For your own safety and interest, use the

personal protective equipment provided

by your employer. Wear gloves when handling or contacting

chemicals.

Remember to wear a mask when working

in a dusty environment. Wear eye and ear protectors whenever

necessary.

Wear a safety harness and secure it to a

safe anchorage point when working at

height. A bamboo scaffold is not a safeanchorage point, so do not fasten the safety harness to it.

Wear safety shoes to prevent foot injury.

Consult your supervisor if in doubt.


36/48

. .

Wear a safety helmet on a construction site.

Keep the harness of the helmet clean and make

sure that it fits well.

Do not drill any holes on the helmet or use it for

pounding


37/48

. .

Avoid manual handling operations as

far as possible to minimize the risk of injury. Estimate the weight of the load.

Lift an object with a correct posture.

Wear suitable protective equipment. Put on gloves as far

as possible to protect your hands from any cut, scratchor puncture and wear safety boots or shoes to prevent

injury to toes by heavy falling objects.

Seek assistance from someone in lifting a load if

necessary.


38/48

. .

Keep yourself clean.

Wash hands before mealsand after using the toilet.

Dress tidily and in protective

clothing.

Do not drink alcohol, or take

drugs, while at work.

If you need to take drugs due

to illness, report it to your

supervisor


39/48

.

If you sustain an injury or feel not

well while at work, even if it isminor, go to the first aid room right

away for medical treatment and

notify your supervisor.

Put the case on record


40/48

. 40

1. Head protection will be worn on job sites at

all times by all trades.

2. Eye protection will be worn when there arepotentials of hazards from flying objects/particles,

chemicals, glare or dust.

3. Protective footwear shall be worn to protect

from falling objects, chemicals, or stepping onsharp objects.

4. Protective gloves or clothing shall be worn

when required to protect against a hazard.

5. Keep your mind on your work at all times.

No horseplay on the job.

6. Precautions are necessary to prevent sunburn and

to protect against burns from hot materials.

7. If any part of your body should come in contact with an


41/48

41

7. If any part of your body should come in contact with an

acid or caustic substance, rush to the nearest water

available and flush the affected part.

Secure medical aid immediately.

8. The use of illegal drugs or alcohol or being under the influence

of the same on the project shall be cause for termination.

Inform your supervisor if taking strong prescription drugs that

warn against driving or using machinery.

9. Do not distract the attention of fellow workers. Do not engage

in any act which would endanger another employee.

10. A good job is a clean job, and a clean job is the start of a safejob. So keep your working area free from rubbish and debris.

11. Never work aloft if you are afraid to do so, if you are subject to

dizzy spells, or if you are apt to be nervous or sick.

12. Never move an injured person unless it is absolutely
http://void%28/


42/48

42

12. Never move an injured person unless it is absolutely

necessary. Further injury may result. Keep the injured

as comfortable as possible and utilize job site first aid

equipment until an ambulance arrives.

13. Know where fire fighting equipment is located and be

trained on how to use it.

14. Lift correctly - with legs, not the back. If the load

is too heavy GET HELP. Stay fit. Control yourweight. Approximately twenty percent of all

construction related injuries result from lifting materials.

15.Nobody but the operator shall be allowed to ride onequipment unless proper seating is provided.

16. Do not use power tools and equipment until you have been

properly instructed in the safe work methods and become

authorized to use them.
http://void%28/http://void%28/


43/48

43

17. Be sure that all guards are in place. Do not remove,displace, damage, or destroy any safety device orsafeguard furnished or provided for use on the job, nor

interfere with the use

18. Do not enter an area which has been barricaded.

19. If you must work around power shovels, trucks, anddozers, make sure operators can always see you.

20. Never oil, lubricate, or fuel equipment while it is runningor in motion.


44/48

44

21. Before servicing, repairing or adjusting any powered tool

or piece of equipment, disconnect it, lock out the source of

power and tag it out

22. Trenches over five feet deep must be shored or sloped as

required. Keep out of trenches or cuts that have not been

properly shored or sloped. Excavated or other material shall

not be stored nearer than two feet from the edge of theexcavation. Excavations less than 5 ft may also require cave

in protection in some instances.

23. Use of harness with safety lines

when working from unprotectedhigh places is mandatory.

Always keep your line as tight

as possible


45/48

. .

24. Never throw anything "overboard." Someone

passing below may be seriously injured.

25. Observe good housekeeping and preventive

maintenance of tools and equipment

26. Provide signage to warn workers from danger zones

.

S ff i t h lth f t d
http://void%280/


46/48

46

Some offenses against health, safety and

morals :

Drinking liquor in the site and worker intoxicated with alcoholicdrink or under the influence of prohibited drugs

Possession of prohibited drugs & liquor

Carrying and concealing of gun & deadly weapons

Quarreling or engaging in fistfight, knife or

gun duel

Gambling or betting in number games


47/48

47

Threatening, intimidating ,coercing or harassing any

representative of owner , superior or co-worker.

Deliberate destroying or stealing/attempting tosteal personal or company property

Immoral, indecent acts , conduct of obscenelanguage or any form of defamatory remarks


48/48

48

Documents

Safety Fundamentals