+ H2N – NH2 C NC O

C NC O

C NC O

NO2

NO2

NO2

NO2 C NC O

C NC O

Nama : Yolanda Muliana

NIM : 03101403046

ADISI TURUNAN AMONIA (ALDEHID DAN KETON)

Aldehid

H H

CH3 CH3

H H

C2H5 C2H5

H H

C3H7 C3H7

Keton

- NH2 + H2O

hydrazone

hydrazine

+ H2N - OH - OH + H2O

hidrosilamina

Oxime

+ H2N – NH -

Phenyhdrazine

- NH - + H2O

Phenyhdrazone

H

CH3

+ H2N – NH - H

CH3

- NH - + H2O

2,4 dinitro Phenyhdrazine 2,4 dinitro Phenyhdrazone

H2N – NH -CO H2N H2N NHC = N – NH- CO H2N

Semi carbizine Semi carbizone

CH3

CH3

+ H2N - H2NCH3

CH3

- NH2 + H2O

CrO3

Piridina

H2O, H+

H2CrO4

H2O, H+

C2H5Cd

AlCl3

C O C N

SINTESIS ALDEHIDA DAN KETON

ALDEHIDA

CH3CH2OH CH3CHOEtanol etanal

O

C3H7CCl C3H7CHOklorida propil keton butanal

Keton

(CH3)2 CHOH (CH3)2C O 1 metil etanol dimetil keton

O

C3H7C C C3H7CCH2C2H5

propuna dipropil keton

O O

C3H7CCl C3H7CC2H5

Klorida propil keton etil propil keton

Keton aril O O

+ CH3CCl CCH3

Benzen Asetofenon

C2H5

CH3

+ H2N – NH - C2H5

CH3

- NH - + H2O

H+

CN-

H2O

SENYAWA YAN DAPAT DIPEROLEH DARI ALDEHID DAN KETON

Adisi b OC2H5

C3H7CHO + 2C2H5OH C3H7CHOC2H5

Propanal etanadiol 1 etoksi pentanal

OH

CH3CHO + HCN CH3CHCNMetanal as.sianida 1 sianida etanol

O OMgCl OH

CH3CCH3 + C2H5MgCl CH3CCH3 CH3CCH3 + Mg(OH)Cldimetil keton magnesium klorida etana C2H5 C2H5

2 metil 2 metoksi magnesium Klorida butana

Adisi-eliminasi b

C4H9CHO + CH3NH2 C4H9CH NCH3

Butanal metilamina metilpentilamina

C2H5CH2CHO + (CH3)2NH C2H5CH CHN(CH3)2

Propanal dimetilamino

CH3CHO + C2H5NHNH2 CH3CH NNHC2H5

(C3H7 )2C O + (C6H5)3P C(CH3)2 (C3H7 )2C C(CH3)2

dipropil keton dekuna

Reduksi

H2

(1)NH2NH2, (2) –OC(CH3)3

Atau Zn/Hg, HCl

(C2H5)2NH H2, Ni

H+

(1) OH-

(2) H+

(C2H5)2C O (C2H5)2CHOHDietil keton 1 etil 1 propanol

(C3H7)2C O (C3H7)2CH2

Dipropil keton heptana

(CH3)2C O (CH3)2CHN(C2H5)2

Dimetil keton 2etilamino 3 etil butana

α Halogenasi O O

C2H5CH2CC2H5 + Br2 C2H5CHCC2H5

3 Heksanon

Br 3 heksanon 4 bromida

O

C3H7CCH3 + 3 Cl2 C3H7CO2H2 pentanon as. butirat

Adisi-1,4 O Nu O

C4H9CH CHCC4H9 + Nu-: atau HNu C4H9CHCH2CC4H9