Quarter 1 Reading UnitVocabulary

A narrative story that uses made-up characters or events

Forms of Fiction:

◦ Short Story Usually focuses on a single idea Can be read in one sitting (short)

◦ Novel Focuses on more than one idea Is a much longer piece of writing

FICTION

Meaning or moral of a story

THEME

Time and place the story, poem, or play takes place

◦ May be past, present, or future◦ May be real or imaginary

SETTING

The way the writer creates and develops characters’ personalities

◦ Character’s physical traits◦ Character’s thoughts, speech, and actions◦ Thoughts, speech, and actions of other characters◦ Character’s nature

CHARACTERIZATION

PLOT

Plot is the literary element that describes the structure of a story. It shows arrangement of events and actions within a story.

PLOT COMPONENTS

Exposition: the start of the story, the situation before the action starts

Rising Action: the series of conflicts and crisis in the story that lead to the climax

Climax: the turning point, the most intense moment—either mentally or in action

Falling Action: all of the action which follows the climax

Resolution: the conclusion, the tying together of all of the threads

Conflict is the dramatic struggle between two forces in a story. Without conflict, there is no plot.

◦ External Conflict- struggle between opposing forces

◦ Internal Conflict- struggle within a character’s mind

CONFLICT

Types of Conflict

Character vs Nature

Character vs Society

Character vs Self

Character vs Character

Character vs. Character Conflict

This type of conflict finds the main character in conflict with another character, human or not human.

“The new one is the most beautiful of all; he is so young and pretty.” And the old swans bowed their heads before him.

Then he felt quite ashamed, and hid his head under his wing; for he did not know what to do, he was so happy, and yet not at all proud. He had been persecuted and despised for his ugliness, and now he heard them say he was the most beautiful of all the birds.

The Ugly Duckling by Hans Christian Anderson

Character vs. Nature ConflictThis type of conflict finds the main character in conflict with the

forces of nature, which serve as the antagonist.

It´s a Truffula Seed.It´s the last one of all!

You´re in charge of the last of the Truffula Seeds.And Truffula Trees are what everyone needs.

Plant a new Truffula. Treat it with care.Give it clean water. And feed it fresh air.

Grow a forest. Protect it from axes that hack.Then the Lorax

and all of his friendsmay come back.

The Lorax by Dr. Seuss

Character vs. Society ConflictThis type of conflict has the main character in conflict with a

larger group: a community, society, culture, etc.

“I’m tired of living in a hole,” said Jenny.“Let’s fight for freedom!” cried Bouncer. “We’ll be soldiers! Rough-riding Rowdies! I’ll be the general and commander-in-chief!”

The Island of the Skog by Steven Kellogg

Character vs. Self ConflictIn this type of conflict, the main character experiences some

kind of inner conflict.

Finally, Sam’s father said, “Go to bed now. But before you go to sleep, Sam, tell yourself the difference between REAL and MOONSHINE.”

Sam, Bangs & Moonshine by Evaline Ness

Main character in a literary work

Character the reader or audience empathizes with

PROTAGONIST

Character who actively opposes or is hostile to someone or something

ANTAGONIST

Perspective from which a story is told

◦ First Person- narrator is a character in the story and uses pronouns such as I, me, and we

◦ Third Person- narrator is outside the story and uses pronouns such as he, she, and they.

Point of View