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Programmable Logic Design (PLD)
Programmable Logic Device
• An IC that contains large amount of gates, flip flops and registers that are interconnected on a chip
• Can be configured by the user to perform a logic function
• Configured by programming of fuses
Problems of using standard ICs
• Require hundreds or thousands of ICs
• Require large board space
• Requires large amount of time and cost in inserting, soldering and testing
Advantages of using PLD
• Less board space
• Faster in designing
• Higher reliability
ANDArray
ORArray
Input Output
Introduction
Classification of PLD
• Programmable Array Logic (PAL)
• Programmable Logic Array (PLA)
• Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM)
• Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD)
• Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)
Programmable Array Logic(PAL)
ANDArray
ORArray
Programmable Fixed
Input Output
Programmable Array Logic (PAL)
The output comes back as an input
Programmable Fixed
4 input, 4 output, 3 AND-OR Structure
Example of a PAL Design
Example: Design a PAL
W(A,B,C,D) = ∑m(2,12,13)
X(A,B,C,D) = ∑m(7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15)
Y(A,B,C,D) = ∑m(0,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,10,11,15)
Z(A,B,C,D) = ∑m(1,2,8,12,13)
CD
AB00 01 11 10
00 101
11 1 110
CD
AB00 01 11 10
00 1 1 101 1 1 1 111 110 1 1 1
CD
AB00 01 11 10
00 1 101
11 1 110 1
CD
AB00 01 11 10
00
01 111 1 1 1 110 1 1 1 1
W = ABC’ + A’B’CD’
X = A + BCD
Y = A’B + CD + B’D’
Z = AC’D’ + A’B’C’D + ABC’ + A’B’CD’
= W + AC’D’ + A’B’C’D
Limitations
• Even if the terms are repetitive they cant be reused as the AND outputs are fixed therefore it is not possible to share the AND outputs.
Programmable Logic Array(PLA)
ANDArray
ORArray
Programmable Programmable
Input Output
Programmable Logic Array (PLA)
Implements SOP
Programmable Fixed
PLA
• The output and its compliment are available.
• Any SOP can be implemented
• But it should be seen to it that the terms are shared to the maximum extent.
• Only limitations is the number of AND gates available.
Example of PLA Design
Design a PLA circuit :
W(A,B,C,D) = ∑m(3,7,8,9,11,15)
X(A,B,C,D) = ∑m(3,4,5,7,10,14,15)
Y(A,B,C,D) = ∑m(1,5,7,11,15)
CD
AB00 01 11 10
00 101 111 110 1 1 1
CD
AB00 01 11 10
00 101 1 1 111 1 110 1
CD
AB00 01 11 10
00 101 1 111 110 1
W = A’CD + ACD + AB’C’
X = A’BC’ + A’CD + BCD + ACD’
Y = A’C’D + BCD + ACD
Exercise
Design the following using PAL and PLA
F1(A, B, C) = ∑m(3,5,6,7)
F2(A, B, C) = ∑m(0,2,4,7)
Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM)
ANDArray
ORArray
Fixed (Decoder) Programmable
Input Output
Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM)
Implements Sum of Min-terms
Programmable Fixed
32 x 8 ROM
Design a circuit using ROM whcich accepts a 3 bit binary no. and outputs the square of the number
B0 = A0
B1 = 0
B2 = ∑m(2,6)
B3 = ∑m(3,5)
B4 = ∑m(4,5,7)
B5 = ∑m(6,7)