Preliminary Design Review

Tony BurnetteTrevor FitchSheryl Gillow

Sigitas RimkusSimon Stam

•Introduction

•Foundation Analysis

•Roof Truss Analysis

•Hydronic Subsystem Analysis

•Building Thermal Analysis

•Solar Collector Analysis

PDR Agenda

Introduction

EvanstonSuburb of Chicago, IL

60201

Image Courtesy of:www.bonusround.com

Foundation Analysis

Soil Properties

Ashkum (Silty Clay Loam)Ashkum (Silty Clay Loam)

DensityDensity 0.06322 lb/in3 (wet)

Load CapacityLoad Capacity 13.88 psi

Frost LineFrost Line 27 in

Data Courtesy of:“Soil Survey of Du Page County, IL”

Natural Resources Conservation Service, 1981

Properties of Concrete

Tensile StrengthTensile Strength 3.4 ksi

Compressive StrengthCompressive Strength 4 ksi

Data Courtesy of:“Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary”

ACI Committee 318, 2008

Foundation Profile

Thickness Thickness (in)(in)

Effective Effective Area (inArea (in22))

CompressiCompressive Stress ve Stress

(lb/in(lb/in22))

Factor of Factor of SafetySafety

Can soil Can soil support?support?

88 13184 8.19 488.30 yes

99 14796 7.30 548.00 yes

1010 16400 6.59 607.41 yes

1111 17996 6.00 666.52 yes

1212 19584 5.51 725.33 yes

Thickness Thickness (in)(in)

Moment of Moment of Inertia (inInertia (in44))

Tensile Tensile Stress Stress (lb/in(lb/in22))

Factor of Factor of SafetySafety

Steel Steel needed?needed?

88 153312.00 667.60 5.09 no

991724976.0

0593.42 5.73 no

10101916640.0

0534.08 6.37 no

11112108304.0

0485.53 7.00 no

12122299968.0

0445.07 7.64 no

Insulating Concrete Forms

•Rigid plastic foam forms

•Hold concrete in place during curing

• Serve as thermal insulation after the concrete sets

Image Courtesy of:www.pouredfoundations.com

ICF Benefits• Energy savings

•Qualifies for a tax credit

• Increases interior comfort

•Controls moisture, air leaks, mold, and pests

•Reduces sound transmissions

• Ease of finishing the basement

•Drywall can be nailed directly to foam

•Cost competitive with poured concrete

• Environmentally friendly

ICF Drawbacks

•Installation costs may be higher than traditional concrete

•Insect problems may occur if installed incorrectly

•Relatively unknown to officials and inspectors

Roof Truss Analysis

Loads on Roof

•All roofing materials

•Flat plate collectors

•Snow

•Wind load

Pairwise Comparison

GoalsGoals CostCost StrengthStrength StorageStorage AngleAngle TotalTotal

CostCost 0 1 0 1

StrengthStrength 1 1 1 3

StorageStorage 0 0 0 0

AngleAngle 1 0 1 2

Design Compromises

•Number of trusses

•Desired factor of safety

•Beam thickness

•Theoretical load estimate

•Durability

•Insulation

Forces in Truss

F G

C

BA

D

E

X

hY

Image Courtesy of:www.saskaschools.ca

Forces in TrussMemberMember Force (lb)Force (lb) StateState

AA Compression

BB 0Zero Force

Member

CC Compression

DD Compression

EE Tension

FF Tension

GG Tension

Lumber ChoicesStrength Strength

(Psi)(Psi)Eastern Eastern

White PineWhite PineEngelmann Engelmann

SpruceSpruce Douglas FirDouglas Fir Ponderosa Ponderosa PinePine

TensileTensile 305 348 350 406

CompressiCompressive Yieldve Yield

508 406 450 740

ShearShear 899 590 880 1160

Data Courtesy of:www.matweb.com

Hydronic Subsystem

Analysis

Goals

•Provide domestic hot water at 150 °F

•Prevent freezing of working fluid

Piping Options

•Copper

•PVC

System Options

•Purchase a kit

•Kit contains almost everything needed for the hydronic system

•Extra parts can be purchased if needed

•Purchase all components individiually

Recommendations

•Copper piping

•Glycol based working fluid

•Water tank with a heat exchanger

Building Thermal Analysis

Image Courtesy of:www.energy.gov

Weather Data

Data Courtesy of:www.noaa.gov

Insulation

Image Courtesy of:www.energy.gov

Insulation Types• Blankets

• Standard “Pink Panther” insulation

• Available in standard sizes

• Loose-Fill

• Same material as blanket insulation

• Blown into hard to reach areas

• Rigid-Foam

• Very effective in tight spaces and cold climates

• Up to twice as insulating as blanket insulation

• Foam-in-Place

• Same material as rigid-foam insulation

• Used around window and door frames

Data Courtesy Of:www.energy.gov

Windows

Image Courtesy of:www.energysavers.gov

Window Frames• Metal Frames

• Light and almost maintenance free

• Very poor insulating material

• Composite Frames

• Same structural and thermal properties as wood

• Resist moisture and decay

• Fiberglass Frames

• Can be filled with insulation

• Superior thermal performance to wood or vinyl

• Vinyl Frames

• Good thermal performance and low maintenance

• Tendency to crack in temperature extremes

• Paint fades in sunlight

• Wood Frames

• Insulate fairly well

• Require a lot of maintenance

• Susceptible to moisture and decay

Window Glazing and Glass

•Gas Fills

•Heat-Absorbing Tints

•Insulated

•Low-Emissivity Coatings

•Reflective Coatings

•Spectrally Selective Coatings

Doors

Exterior Doors

•Steel skin with insulating core

•Provides higher R-value than solid wood door

•Weatherstripping further increases the R-value

Miscellany

Air Sealing• Prevents heat from escaping through

cracks in the wall

• Air sealing techniques

• Air barriers

• Block air movement through a wall

• Airtight drywall

• Caulking

• Weatherstripping

Moisture Control• Keep untreated

wood from touching soil

• Provide ample drainage

• Install air sealing gaskets

• Install insect shields

Image Courtesy of:www.energysavers.gov

Ventilation• Removes air pollutants and moisture

• Three basic strategies

• Natural ventilation

• Air escaping through cracks and vents

• Whole-house ventilation

• Controlled air movement through fans and duct systems

• Spot ventilation

• Controlled air movement through localized exhaust fans

Solar Collector Analysis

Collector Slope

Panel Area

Test Intercept

Test Slope

Potential Vendors

ManufacturerManufacturer Surface Area per Surface Area per CollectorCollector

Optimized Number Optimized Number of Collectorsof Collectors

Beijing Sunda Solar Beijing Sunda Solar Energy TechEnergy Tech

38.96 ft2 10

Enerworks Inc.Enerworks Inc. 28.97 ft2 14

Schuco Schuco International KGInternational KG

23.05 ft2 18

SunEarth IncSunEarth Inc 37.08 ft2 11

Questions?