Evidence Based Medicine
Evidence Based Medicine
Iwan sumantri 1102012134Jelsa Meida 1102012137FAKULTAS
KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS YARSISkenarioIbu, 30 tahun membawa anaknya
ke dokter untuk berkonsultasi tentang perkembangan kognitif
anaknya. Anaknya sangat suka menonton televisi. Kebiasaan ini sudah
dilakukan selama setahun. Dia sering menonton untuk waktu yang lama
dalam sehari. Bila dihentikan kebiasaannya, dia akan mengamuk dan
menangis. Tapi anaknya sangat aktif dan gesit dibandingkan
teman-teman sekolahnya di paud. Dan anaknya juga sangat suka
bertanya dan berbicara kepada ibu atau gurunya. Ibunya menanyakan
adakah hubungan perkembangan kognitif anaknya dengan kebiasaan
menonton televisi.
Pertanyaan (foreground question)Apakah ada hubungan perkembangan
kognitif anak dengan kebiasaan menonton televisi ?
PICOPopulation: Andi yang suka menonton tvIntervention:
Kebiasaan menonton TV dan waktu menonton TVComparison: Teman Andi
di paudOutcomes: Perkembangan kognitif anak
Pencarian Bukti IlmiahAlamat
website:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed
Keyword:television watching time AND cognitive AND playgroup
Limitasi: Januari 2009 Desember 2014
Hasil Pencarian:4
Dipilih artikel berjudul
Television watching time and cognitive development in young
childrenI Gusti Ayu Trisna Windiani, Djauhar Ismail2012 Jan
52;19(29):4799-807. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i29.4799.
VALIDITY
Apakah terdapat sampel pasien yang representatif, dan
didefinisikan secara jelas pada titik yang sama (similar point) ,
dalam perjalanan penyakit (course of the disease) ?
We conducted a cross-sectional study from Aprilto may 2011.
Subject were children agend 34 52 months, attendig pre kindergarten
in Denpasar, Bali. The inclusion criteria were residence in as well
as parents providing proxy consent and able to read, write, and
tell time. We excluded children with history of head injuries,birth
complications, major congenital abnormalitiesor illness at the time
of the study. The calculated minimum number of required study
subjects was 135.2. Apakah follow-up lengkap dan cukup lama
(sufficiently long and complete) ?
There were 135 subjects in our study, with ages ranging from 34
to 52 months. Subjects were allocated to one of three groups
depending on the amount of time spent watching television, i.e.,
< 1 hour daily, 1 2 hours daily, or > 2 hours daily. The mean
age of children who watched television < 1 hour daily was 45.08
months, 1- 2 hours daily was 40.93 months, and >2 hours daily
was 44.29 months. The mean duration of watching television in this
study for all subjects was 2.48 hours per day. Baseline
characteristics for each group are shown in Table 1.
3. Apakah digunakan kriteria outcome yang objektif dan
tersamar/tidak berbias?
Television watching by children has been shown to increase their
vocabulary, especially for words that are rarely used by children
in daily life. Other studies concluded that television can develop
cognitive function through looking at the pictures and hearing
words.The cognitive development in children attending playgroup who
watched television 1 2 hours per day was higher than in those who
watched television for less than 1 hour or more than 2 hours per
day. In conclusion, television watching time was statistically
associated with cognitive development of children wwho attended
playgroup.4. Apakah diidentifikasi kelompok dengan prognosis yang
berbeda dan dilakukan penyesuaian /adjustment terhadap factor
prognostic yang penting?
5. bagaimana gambaran outcome dari waktu ke waktu?
IMPORTANCE
An overseas study assessed cognitive development with the
Peabody Individual Achievement Test Reading Recognition Scale and
found positive effects of television watching in children aged 3 to
5 years. They reported that each hour of television watched was
associated with an increase of 0.51 points in the reading
recognition scale score, but not significantly associated with
memory capabilities. Reading skills assessed includeed the ability
t pronounce words and enrich the vocabulary.We used the Mullen
scale to assess cognitive development in children who attended
playgroup, and we observed results different from other studies
that used other criteria and cognitive assessment tools. However ,
we had similar results to a studyby Lineberger, who found that
watching childrens television programs (Dora the explorer, Blues
clues, Arthur, Clifford or Dragon Tales ) increased the value of
expressive languange and vocabulary in children who watched at the
age of 30 months.6. seberapa tepat perkiraan prognosis?
7. Apakah pasien dalam penelitian ini serupa dengan pasien
kita?
YA
APPLICABILITY
8. Apakah simpulan hasil study bermanfaat apabila disampaikan
kepada pasien dalam tatalaksan secara keseluruhan?
